Involvement Of Local Residents Research Articles

Catch me if you can: informal tourism employment of locals in scenic-oriented rural communities

ABSTRACT The expansion of the tourism industry has generated a plethora of informal job opportunities. However, existing literature has not thoroughly explored the extensive involvement of local residents in rural areas in informal tourism employment. This study focuses on the Fujian Tulou villages in China and employs the fieldwork method to investigate the phenomenon of informal tourism employment among local residents in scenic-oriented rural communities. The findings indicate that the dearth of employment prospects in rural areas, coupled with China’s distinctive rural land ownership system and the support from the rural social network, are the primary drivers motivating locals to participate in informal tourism employment. Locals employ tactics such as camouflage, tacit collusion, lurking, and covert actions to engage in informal tourism employment while navigating the regulations imposed by scenic area management. In efforts to standardize management within scenic areas, both local governments and tourism management companies are implementing measures such as offering formal employment opportunities and profit-sharing arrangements to incentivize the regularization of local employment in the tourism sector.

A framework for understanding the contributions of local residents to protected area law enforcement

Abstract Terrestrial and marine protected areas have long been championed as an approach to biodiversity conservation. For protected areas to be effective, equitable and inclusive, the involvement of local residents in their management and governance is considered important. Globally, there are many approaches to involving local residents in protected area law enforcement. However, opportunities for comparing different approaches have been limited by the lack of a clear common framework for analysis. To support a more holistic understanding, we present a framework for analysing the contributions of local residents to protected area law enforcement. Informed by a review of the literature and discussions with conservation practitioners, the framework comprises five key dimensions: (1) the different points in the enforcement system at which local residents are involved, (2) the nature of local participation in decision-making, (3) the type of external support provided to local residents, (4) the different motivating forces for participation, and (5) the extent to which local participation is formalized. We apply the framework to three real-world case studies to demonstrate its use in analysing and comparing the characteristics of different approaches. We suggest this framework could be used to examine variation in local participation within the enforcement system, inform evaluation and frame constructive discussions between relevant stakeholders. With the global coverage of protected areas likely to increase, the framework provides a foundation for better understanding the contributions of local residents to protected area law enforcement.

Contribution of community monitoring to knowledge of mammal diversity in voluntarily conservation areas in Southern Mexico

In southern Mexico, Voluntarily Designated Conservation Areas (VCA) represent a biological conservation strategy wherein governance and management are entrusted to the territory. Within the VCAs of the La Chinantla region in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, community monitoring utilizing camera traps has been conducted with the assistance of government programs. This initiative has yielded a substantial number of records for medium and large mammals. Nevertheless, the available information has not undergone systematic analysis, constraining its utility in strategic planning and the evaluation of biodiversity conservation endeavors. This study seeks to highlight the impact of community monitoring in 18 VCAs on understanding the altitudinal distribution of mammal diversity in La Chinantla. The analysis incorporates data from a community monitoring covering 129 camera trap stations (4,384 camera days) strategically positioned along an elevation gradient ranging from 50 to 2000 m above sea level, over the period 2011–2014. We assessed alpha and beta diversity, as well as the community structure of medium and large mammals within three distinct elevation zones. A total of 26 species of medium-sized mammals were documented, revealing distinct mammal assemblages in each zone. However, 15 species were common across all zones. We found that the highest species richness was observed below 400 m, where tropical rainforest vegetation predominates. We also found that the species turnover component had a significant impact on the total beta value. Despite the considerable involvement of local residents in the monitoring program and their acquisition of social, technical, and ecological knowledge, there is still a need to strengthen their capabilities to enhance community monitoring. Finally, fostering collaboration between local communities, academic institutions, and governmental initiatives is essential for the successful conservation of mammals in La Chinanlta.

FORMATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LOCAL BUDGETS: PROBLEMS AND DIRECTIONS OF INCREASING EFFICIENCY

Objective. The objective of the present article is to identify problems and directions for improving the effectiveness of the formation and execution of budgets of territorial communities. Methods. In the research process, the following general scientific methods and methods of cognition were used: methods of scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis (for researching theoretical aspects of the budget process at the local level, determining the main problems of the formation and implementation of local budgets, developing directions for improving the efficiency of the formation and implementation of local budgets), systemic generalization (to determine the influence of advantages and disadvantages of decentralization on local budgets), statistical analysis (to assess the effectiveness of formation and implementation of local budgets). Results. According to the results of the conducted research, the essence of local budgets, the positive and negative consequences of the impact of decentralization on local budgets were considered, the main areas of evaluation of the effectiveness of the formation and implementation of local budgets were determined (analysis of financial stability (balance, financial independence, overall effectiveness of the budget); analysis of efficiency (financial productivity, economic and social efficiency)). Based on the example of the the Kryvyi Rih City Territorial Community, an analysis of the main indicators of the formation and implementation, as well as the effectiveness of the budget during 2018 - 2022, was carried out, according to the results of which the general trends of increasing tax revenues, decreasing the implementation of planned indicators of budget expenditures, increasing the level of financial sustainability of the budget, multidirectional trends were established indicators of budget efficiency (increase in the indicator of financial productivity, social efficiency; decrease in the coefficient of economic efficiency). General problems in the management of revenues and expenditures of local budgets have been identified: limited budget resources; insufficient financial stability; problems of forming the revenue part of local budgets and the need to identify reserves for their increase; failure to receive possible income from rent and payment of land tax from land plots of communal property that are not used; application of minimum land tax rates; ineffective management of communal property; nonreceipt of personal income tax due to informal employment of the population; improper use of interbudgetary transfers; insufficient transparency of budget formation and execution. Areas of increasing the efficiency of local budgets have been determined (increasing the revenue and expenditure capacity of the budget and making tax payments; ensuring stability and effective use of available funds, effective risk management and ensuring openness, public accounting, optimization and improvement of cost efficiency, involvement of local residents and other stakeholders in the process formation of the budget, implementation of measures to support the development of local economic potential to provide additional sources of income and increase their efficiency).

Exploring educational traditions and experiences of block residents engaging in urban food self-production: a case study of Urban Living Lab

Food self-production offers a promising solution to many urbanization problems in cities. However, despite the advanced technology, the acceptance and involvement of local residents (its users) are required for implementation. The study presented here aims to gain a deeper understanding of the educational characteristics of future or current users of urban gardens, especially those oriented towards their own food production. The research will explore urban dwellers' traditional understanding and knowledge of the food growing process acquired over the course of their lives. We conducted in-depth interviews with residents of a selected block of flats in Łódź, who expressed their willingness to participate in an Urban Living Lab. As part of it, they would grow food for a year using hydroponic installation located in the corridors of their block. As a result of our analyses, we have identified the dominant traditions and social culture associated with growing food among the future participants of the Urban Living Lab, focusing primarily on the educational aspects. This is because we assume that effective educational interventions are an essential tool in the process of shaping the pro-environmental behaviour of city dwellers. The results obtained will be relevant for those involved in the urban education process, including city authorities, urban educators, pro-environmental associations, and grassroots activists.

The Effectiveness Of Sabo Dam Modular As A Clean Water Intake Weir (Case Study Of Work For Huntap Tondo Raw Water Project) In Palu City, Central Sulawesi

This research discusses the topography and geology of Palu City, Central Sulawesi, as well as the condition of the land around the "Works for Huntap Tondo Raw Water" project. The research results show that environmental factors, topography, geology, and soil conditions influence project planning and implementation. Therefore, a deep understanding of these factors is essential in ensuring the success and sustainability of the project. This research shows that the planning and implementation of the "Works for Huntap Tondo Raw Water" project in Palu City, Central Sulawesi, must pay attention to diverse geographical and geological conditions, soil conditions, and environmental factors in ensuring the success and sustainability of the project. Apart from that, the use of Modular Sabo Dam technology as a clean water intake weir is also an efficient and effective solution in managing the water supply in this project. The involvement of local residents also needs to be considered in project implementation to ensure success and support the surrounding environment. Key words: topography, geology, soil conditions, Sabo Modular Dam, Huntap Tondo Raw Water, local residents.

Utilising local advantages for community-based tourism development: A research in Ha Giang province

The development of community-based tourism is a significant focus for many countries and regions, with the aim at preserving and harnessing the advantages of traditional cultural values, the environment, and ecosystems. This article presents the findings of a survey involving 165 young entrepreneurs embarking on businesses using the community-based tourism model and 200 tourists who visited and experienced community-based tourism models in Ha Giang province. The research reveals that the most significant challenge in developing the community-based tourism model in Ha Giang province is the complex legal registration procedure, followed by a lack of knowledge in strategic management and financial accounting. Key factors influencing community-based tourism development in Ha Giang province include the appeal of the tourist destination, the active involvement of local residents in community tourism activities, destination accessibility, and the knowledge and skills of the local population. Consequently, the article proposes solutions to promote the development of community-based tourism models in Ha Giang province in the coming time.

Organizational and Legal Mechanisms and Limitations of the Participation of the Local Population in Developing the Tourist Attractiveness of the Territories

The research problem lies in the low involvement of local residents in the processes of developing the tourist attractiveness of the territories, insufficient support for the initiatives of the authorities to develop domestic tourism. The authors in their study set the goal - to study the possibilities and barriers to attracting representatives of local communities to the development of tourism. The key research method is a questionnaire survey of the population (N=732). The results of the study showed that the presence of social alienation in the interaction of the government and the population, as well as a low level of trust in local governments significantly limit the practice of involving residents in the development of tourist attractiveness of the territory. Additional barriers are the following: information vacuum of the local community on the development of domestic tourism; organizational and legal dysfunctions of business support. There is a need provision of legal and organizational support to active representatives of the local community, subsidizing, reducing the tax burden, grant support.

An investigation of the ecotourism development based on local wisdom in accelerating the village’s sustainable development goals

This study aimed to study the role and strategy of the ecotourism sector based on local wisdom in Padusan Village, Pacet District, Mojokerto. The best strategy for developing the ecotourism sector based on local wisdom in Padusan Village in accelerating the achievement of sustainable development (SDGs) was the further milestone of this study. The participation of local communities was an important element in the activities and development of ecotourism in Padusan Village. However, the study regarding the determinants of participation was extremely rare. To strengthen this determinant, the researcher added the role of the government and business behavior which are used as two antecedent variables for the local community of Padusan Village in hot spring ecotourism sourced from the Welirang mountain range. Researchers applied a Partial Least Square - Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) that was analyzed using primary data from the 178 ecotourism business communities in Padusan Village. The results showed the role of the government significantly influences local participation in the development of ecotourism. Ecotourism and social capital business behavior showed a significant influence on the participation of local communities. In addition, the participation of local communities in Padusan Village had an impact on significantly increasing the benefits associated with tourist activities. The results of the study also show community participation through the value of local wisdom in the form of mutual cooperation culture to develop ecotourism. One of them is the involvement of local residents as workers and managers of hot spring tourism in Padusan Village.

Increasing the environmental potential of territories through the implementation of redevelopment projects

The main idea of the article is to highlight the positive impact of redevelopment on ecology. Redevelopment is a process of transforming existing buildings, infrastructure, and land in urban areas. It is a crucial element in urban planning that aims to optimize land use and create sustainable and livable cities. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in sustainable urban development, and redevelopment has emerged as a potential solution to the challenges of urbanization. The redevelopment of underutilized or obsolete buildings and sites can help to reduce the environmental impact of urban areas by promoting energy efficiency, reducing carbon emissions, and conserving natural resources. Moreover, the use of modern technologies and sustainable building materials in redevelopment projects can lead to the creation of more eco-friendly buildings that are better adapted to the needs of the environment and the community. The involvement of local residents and stakeholders in the planning and execution of redevelopment projects can ensure that the projects are aligned with the needs and expectations of the community. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the importance of considering ecological factors in urban development and highlights the potential benefits of redevelopment in creating more sustainable and livable cities. By embracing redevelopment as a tool for urban regeneration, we can improve the quality of life for city dwellers, preserve natural resources, and reduce the environmental impact of urban areas.

The Determinants of Loyalty to Ecotourism against the Background of Consumer Satisfaction

The desire to gain knowledge about the cultural identity and nature of unexplored places has been inherent in humans since time immemorial. However, the emergence of motivation to care, preserve and increase the cultural, historical, natural and recreational values of destinations indicates a higher level of consciousness and responsibility of tourists. The commitment of tourists to this kind of travel is caused not only by marketing prerequisites, but also by socio-psychological factors different: responsibility, psychological ownership. Due to international competition, the relevance of improving the tourist image is increasing, for which it is necessary to develop the concept of socially and environmentally responsible tourism, develop useful behavioral attitudes in society, which increases the role of transfer of cultural and natural knowledge, consolidation of tourists and local residents in improving the tourist image. The study considers the construct of loyalty to a particular destination. The aim of the study is to deepen the analysis of socio-psychological factors of loyalty to ecotourism and develop a methodology for their study. On the basis of correlational, empirical and sociological methods the direct correlation between loyalty and responsibility, satisfaction, positive experience, psychological property and image of the destination was substantiated. It is proved that research activity, intellectual preparation, motivation, respect for nature, cultural involvement and involvement of local residents have a positive effect on the level of responsibility. Cultural involvement and protection of nature, psychological attachment and social interaction increase the sense of psychological ownership, in contrast to the massiveness factor of the place, which decreases it.

Involvement of local residents of small historic towns in tourism activities

Involvement of local residents of small historic towns in tourism activities

Trees stocks in domestic gardens and willingness to participate in tree planting initiatives in low-cost housing areas of the Eastern Cape, South Africa

Increasing human populations and rapid urbanization in sub-Saharan Africa have prompted the development and maintenance of urban green infrastructure, including urban trees for sustainability, human wellbeing, liveability and climate resilience. However, there are still insufficient amounts and large inequities in the distribution of trees between and within towns and cities of the Global North and South. In South Africa, urban green space planning and planting are encoded in several policies at national level. However, these policies are rarely translated into specific guides, standards or actions, and consequently disparities in urban trees and green space distribution persist. This study assessed the prevalence of urban trees in domestic gardens in low-cost housing areas (LCHAs) of eight small to medium-sized towns in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa and examined residents’ perceptions in this regard. This was done via surveys with 800 households in old and recently developed LCHAs. The results revealed that most households (52 %) had at least one tree in their yard, with more households in the older neighbourhoods (60 %) reporting having trees than in the newer ones (44 %). Most of the trees (66 %) had been deliberately planted as opposed to natural regeneration. Experience of formal urban tree planting programs was low, but 75 % of residents expressed willingness to participate in the future, preferably in tree planting and maintenance. Urban green spaces and trees cannot be an afterthought in the development of sustainable human settlements, and municipal plans should reflect tangible commitments in this regard. Meeting goals for greener LCHAs requires the involvement of local residents, and for municipal authorities to be receptive to the wishes of residents and willingness to green their residential areas.

Changes in Attitudes Toward the Community as a Result of the Involvement of Local Residents and Bases via a Multibase Residential Platform

Changes in Attitudes Toward the Community as a Result of the Involvement of Local Residents and Bases via a Multibase Residential Platform

"CITY CONSTRUCTOR" (FORM-BASED CODES) AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT OF KHARKIV

The article discusses an approach to the development of the city, which is based on the so-called "city constructors" or "form-based codes". It represents the normatively fixed rules for shaping, architectural design, object filling of individual zones in the form of ready-made, pre-developed fragments of the urban environment. The evolution of the development of this approach from ancient cities to the 1960s-1980s is considered. It was revealed that the city designer helps to follow a clear urban development strategy, contributes to the creation of a high-quality urban environment with minimal means, and leads to a guaranteed practical result and capitalization of territories. Methods of introducing such an approach to the urban environment of Kharkiv in the framework of the implementation of an integrated urban strategy are proposed: “designer of urban spaces”, “designer of streets” and “designer of courtyards”. Two directions are proposed for the formation of a "designer of urban spaces". The first one: it is necessary to conduct a series of design seminars and workshops to determine the format of an urban designer, a list of code documents required for the development of subsections and formation of the composition of the working group, which will continue to develop the "city constructor". The second direction of work on the “constructor” should be a series of design seminars,competitions, with the obligatory active involvement of local residents in the process. These project seminars should be aimed at revitalizing individual courtyard areas of the city. For the fruitful implementation of such participatory projects, it is necessary to develop online applications that will facilitate the involvement of representatives of different social groups in the creative process. The article also suggests ways of introducing such an approach for the strategic development of the urban environment of Kharkov and reveals two main advantages of the “city constructor”. The first one: in the case of developing the city as a constructor, we get a step-by-step and strategic search for effective solutions to form a table of city elements (types of streets, squares, buildings and structures). The second advantage is that by developing a set of elements, rules and recommendations, we have an effective system that allows you to improve the city quickly, without the constant involvement of professionals. Even if such a system is used by an ordinary person, then a result of sufficient quality is always guaranteed.

ANALISA KEBERLANJUTAN SISTEM PENYEDIAAN AIR MINUM PERDESAAN BERBASIS MASYARAKAT (STUDI KASUS: PROGRAM PAMSIMAS DESA PONGGANG DAN DESA TALAGASARI, JAWA BARAT)

The fulfillment of drinking water access in rural areas has only reached 56.09% compared to its target at 65.81% in 2015. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) target in 2019, that is universal access for clean water sector, especially those in rural areas in Indonesia, is accompanied by the involvement of local residents (community based) within the development of clean water provision system for rural areas, as well as using the demand responsive approach. PAMSIMAS program has its own challenge in guaranteeing the sustainability, considering the limited program management capacity of local residents. The study aims to know rural water supply performance condition, and evaluate the components of sustainable community based Rural Water Supply (RWS) system, which consist of the following variables: technical, environmental, finance, social, and institutional using descriptive analysis and Simple Additive Weighting Method (SAW). This valuation was performed quantitatively through use expert questionnaires instruments and questionnaires for local who have reaped benefit from the PAMSIMAS. The descriptive analysis result, for the sustainability percentage performance of PAMSIMAS in the village of Ponggang, were technical sustainability (95.94%), environmental sustainability (98.54%), financial sustainability (90.63%), social sustainability (83.13%), and institutional sustainability (92.19%). Meanwhile for PAMSIMAS in the village of Talagasari, the results were technical sustainability (49.8%), environmental sustainability (86.72%), finance sustainability (69.27%), social sustainability (54.17%), and institutional sustainability (36.33%). Sustainability index RWS based on Simple Additive Weighting analysis for PAMSIMAS in the village of Ponggang had a score of 1 and PAMSIMAS in the village of Talagasari obtained a score of 0.568. Thus PAMSIMAS in Ponggang was valued to be more sustainable.

A sharing economy for residential communities with PV-coupled battery storage: Benefits, pricing and participant matching

The transition of the energy sector towards more decentral, renewable and digital structures and a higher involvement of local residents as prosumers calls for innovative business models. In this paper, we investigate a sharing economy model that enables a residential community to share solar generation and storage capacity. We simulate 520 sharing communities of five households each with differing load profile configurations and find that they achieve average annual savings of 615€ as compared to individual operation. Using the gathered data on electricity consumption in a sharing community, we discuss a fixed pricing approach to achieve a fair distribution of the profits generated through the sharing economy. We further investigate the impact of prosumers’ and consumers’ load profile patterns on the profitability of the sharing communities. Based on these findings, we explore the potential to match and coordinate suitable communities through a platform-based sharing economy model. Our results enable practitioners to find optimal additions to an energy sharing community and provide new insights for researchers regarding possible pricing schemes in energy communities.

Practice of Administrative and Jurisdictional Activity of Community Police Officers – Integral Part of the Principles for the Formation of Local and State Security Policy

The author has accomplished the analysis of the essence of organizational and legal principles of community police officers’ activity (hereinafter – CPO), their interaction with other divisions of the National Police of Ukraine, state authorities, local self-government agencies and communities. The author has analyzed a set of tasks, functions and powers of CPO and the current state of regulatory legal provision of community police officers activity: has outlined the algorithm of actions of community police officers within the combination of functions of district police officers and patrol police officers.
 The author has outlined the perspectives for more effective involvement of local residents into formation of local and state security policy through new mechanisms of cooperation with local communities and civil society institutions developed by the practice of police officers of territorial communities; the author has provided a number of propositions for the development of regulatory legal documents that would regulate the activities of community police officers. The author has studied the essence of interaction of police officers and members of the community, its legal principles and forms of realization, problems of regulation of the activity of the newly created law enforcement institution.
 A new format of work of a district police officer, based on the principles of combining the efforts of local self-government agencies and law enforcement agencies, has been characterized. The author has defined a number of gaps in the legislative and regulatory provision of community police officers’ activities, including the establishment of effective coordination between community police officers and local communities and the elimination of existing or possible competitive interest that may arise in the process of their joint activities.
 The determinant of lag of performing professional activity by community police officers from the standards of similar services of the European Union countries has been defined.

Local residents’ contribution to tourist experiences: a community perspective from Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany

La contribución de los residentes locales a las experiencias turísticas: Una perspectiva comunitaria desde Garmisch-Partenkirchen, alemaniaDiseño/metodología/enfoqueSe llevó a cabo una investigación cualitativa con 16 residentes locales en Garmisch-Partenkirchen, un lugar turístico de Alemania. En el estudio se utilizó un análisis temático combinado con un análisis de contenido cualitativo para identificar diversos temas relacionados con la creación de experiencias turísticas por parte de los anfitriones.PropósitoEl objetivo de este estudio exploratorio es aumentar la comprensión de cómo los residentes locales de los destinos turísticos perciben su papel en la creación de experiencias turísticas.HallazgosLos hallazgos demuestran cómo los diversos residentes locales contribuyen a las experiencias turísticas. Se elaboró un modelo que sugiere una distinción entre la contribución activa y pasiva a las experiencias turísticas. Se encontraron pocas pruebas de que el concepto de co-creación desempeñe un papel en las relaciones anfitrión-huésped, lo que contradice otras publicaciones.Limitaciones/implicaciones de la investigaciónEl enfoque de investigación cualitativa elegido no permite generalizar los resultados de la investigación. El examen de las percepciones plantea cuestiones epistemológicas.Implicaciones prácticasEste documento incluye las implicaciones para mejorar las estrategias de comercialización interna y la participación de los residentes locales en el desarrollo de los destinos turísticos.Originalidad/valorEste estudio contribuye al conocimiento al conceptualizar el papel de los residentes locales en la creación de experiencias turísticas. El documento cubree ciertas lagunas de la investigación utilizando un diseño de estudio cualitativo para explorar las condiciones subyacentes que afectan a los encuentros entre huéspedes y anfitriones para el debate sobre la creación de experiencias turísticas. Las conclusiones de la investigación pueden adaptarse a otros entornos geográficos o culturales con niveles similares de desarrollo turístico.

Analysis of ecological tourism in Russia and USA

The necessity of development and marketing of ecological tourism is substantiated today by requirements for sustainability of entrenched economic activities in specific regions, as well as by problems of environment preservation. The ecological tourism with active involvement of local residents in particular should become an important element for development of the regions promoting both economic development and preservation of natural and cultural heritage of our countries and the regions. The work presents the modern concept and approaches to ecological tourism, as well as the trends of its development in Russia and USA. The method of sociological survey and comparative approach are suggested as the tools to evaluate the role and effectiveness of ecological tourism, which is the most prospective way of tourism development, and is an important component of the socio-economic development too, capable not only to develop, but to protect natural, historic, and cultural heritage. The preliminary conclusions about the importance of the ecological tourism development for the sustainable development of the regions based on the entrenched economic activities of the local population. There is a need to implement modern effective and efficient eco-tourism practices in specific regions of Russia and USA.