Investment Relations Research Articles

Цифровые финансовые активы как технология фиксации имущественных требований и обмена данными о них

The authors explore the phenomenon of digital financial assets from the perspective of innovative investment technology. The dualism of legislative provisions interpreting the legal nature of these assets is criticized. The conclusion is substantiated that digital financial assets do not belong to objects of civil rights previously unknown to the Russian legal system, but represent property rights that are individualized in circulation by unique information codes. Being negotiable investment assets, they have a commodity-value nature; data on their ownership and transfer of rights to them are transmitted via Internet communications. Through digital financial assets, information technology has been implemented to record the property claims of participants in civil turnover and exchange data about them; they can submit mandatory requirements that are not legally prohibited from alienating them within the framework of assignable structures. Due to this innovative technology, participants in civil turnover receive the legal equivalent of a certain mandatory requirement in digital form, including a requirement fixed in equity securities, a requirement to transfer such securities, as well as corporate rights determined by participation in the capital of a non-public joint-stock company. The use of digital financial assets provides an opportunity for individuals and legal entities to build investment relationships with minimal intermediary participation, conduct financial transactions in a transparent manner, increase investment profitability, and simplify the search for counterparties.

Statistical assessment of direct investment (equity capital instruments) in the economy of the Dnipropetrovsk area

Introduction. The statistics above prove that the Dnipropetrovsk area in terms of the volume of attracted foreign direct investment is confidently ranked 1st among the regions of Ukraine in 2024. The purpose of the paper is to build a model of statistical assessment of direct investment (tools of participation in capital) in the economy of Dnipropetrovsk area. Results. The shortcomings that create significant problems of formation of information and analytical support of existing models of analysis of investment cooperation between countries are identified. Adaptive forecasting based on the method of exponential smoothing. The essence of this method is that each element (level) of the time row is smoothed with a weighted average, and its weight decreases as the end of the row is removed. The forecast of direct investment (instruments of participation in capital) of EU countries in the economy of Dnipropetrovsk area by 2028 was built. Based on statistical analysis for the period 2015-2023. The forecast of direct investment (instruments of participation in capital, by types of economic activity) of EU countries in the economy of Dnipropetrovsk area by 2028. On the basis of statistical analysis for the period 2021-2023. It is emphasized that in 2021. Three industries (education (P); art, sports, entertainment and rest (R); providing other services (S)) are not made public in order to ensure compliance with the requirements of the Law of Ukraine "On Official Statistics" on the confidentiality of statistical information. Conclusion. According to the analysis, six key consequences and risks of war in Ukraine are separated when attracting foreign direct investment. As a prospect of further research in the subject area is to build a gravitational model of direct investment relationship between the economy of Dnipropetrovsk area and EU countries, for example by the following factors: GDP per capita of the country; geographical distance between Ukraine and donor countries; The population of the country. This will identify problematic issues in forming a foreign investment stimulating policy. The possibility of constructing a gravity model of foreign direct investment for Dnipropetrovsk area has been grown.

Modification and termination of legal services supply agreement

The article is focused on studying the possibility to modify and terminate legal services supply agreement. The author has noted that the volume of foreign investments is a significant stimulus for the recovery of the domestic economy, and this should be facilitated by proper protection of the rights of investors as less protected participants of investment relationships. All this will contribute to the need to streamline legislative mechanisms for regulating relations in the sphere of services provision. In particular, civil regulation of legal services, despite the extraordinary social importance played by relations on providing legal services in society, has not been sufficiently developed yet, in order to affirm that a fairly well-balanced regime for regulating these relations functions in Ukraine. The author of the article has indicated that the right to apply measures of operational influence by legal services’ customers requires a clear description in the legislation, but not to be established through a multi-stage interpretation of the relevant norms. The exercise of such a right should not depend on its enshrining in the terms of legal services supply agreements, i.e. its normative basis should be the relevant legal norms, which should increase the guarantee of protection of the rights and interests of the customers of such services as less protected participants of contractual relations. The author has proved that the application of legal services on protection by the customers in the form of terminating the agreement, first of all by filing the corresponding claim to the court, has no particular specificity, compared to similar protection within other contractual obligations. The analysis of court practice indicates the lack of acute problems requiring scientific description and resolution in this regard. There is a stable court practice in Ukraine regarding the protection of legal services’ customers through the termination of relevant agreements. Termination of the contract, as a terminating legal fact, protects rather the customer’s interests, but not the rights (for safeguard of assets; for concluding the same meritous contracts with other entities, etc.). The author of the work has specified that modification and termination of legal services supply agreements, which are carried out based on the understandings between the parties, as a general rule, are not applied in the context of the parties’ reaction to the offense committed by the counterparty, but due to other motives. In particular, a significant modification of circumstances can be mentioned among such motives.

Mapping Corporate Investments Between China and Europe in an Era of Geoeconomic Competition

AbstractThe consolidation of geoeconomic competition puts core aspects of global economic interdependence, such as the mutual China‐EU investment relationship, under increased pressure. Headlines about ‘derisking’, ‘decoupling’ or ‘deglobalization’ dominate current debates but tend to be overly simplistic. To push the debate on China‐EU economic relations forward, we provide an empirically driven account of the first phase of the global geoeconomic turn between 2009 and 2021. By triangulating country‐level FDI data, firm‐level ownership information and firm‐level surveys, we find indications of geopolitical hedging by European and Chinese firms, but no clear move towards decoupling or deglobalization. Based on our findings, we advocate for an approach that takes the complexity of state‐firm interactions in global economic relations seriously and integrates different data sources and levels of analysis. With this, we hope to contribute to a more realistic and fine‐grained approach to the important question of China‐EU relations in the 21st century.

Globalization in a Covid-19 Afflicted World

This paper attempts to assess the impact that the current Covid-19 pandemic can exert on the globalization process. The pandemic crisis, which fully unfolded worldwide in March 2020, had dramatic consequences for the world population, some of which are of economic character. As some of the global value chains and international trade and investment relationships were destabilized or suspended, a legitimate question as to the possible developments of the globalization process arises. We commence with a multidimensional concept of globalization and its critical evaluation. Subsequently, three possible scenarios of pandemic-induced development are identified and explored: disrupted globalization, de-globalization and finally re-balanced globalization. The discussion of these scenarios also includes implications for economic policy.

Domestic Private Investment and Selected Macroeconomic Indicators in Nigeria:An Econometric Analysis

Domestic private investment (DPI) plays significant role in economic growth of any economy. It helps in mobilizing domestic resources for socio-economic advancement. Domestic Investment and its determining factors remains one recalling issues in the field of economics and international finance. This is based on the fact that aggregate investment plays a dominant role in stimulating economic growth and development of every nation. However, most of the developing and underdeveloped economies have witnessed low domestic investment and consequently slow economic growth. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship, trends, and impact of domestic private investment and selected macroeconomic indicators in Nigeria, a developing economy. The study analyzed data gotten from the CBN Statistical Bulletin for the duration of 1991-2020. The statistical package used for the study is Econometric Views (E-Views 9.0). Multiple regression techniques via OLS, Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test and Granger causality procedure was applied to determine causalities while Johansen Co-integration test was administered to verify sustainability of the long-run relationships. The result revealed that there exist short and long-run relationships between domestic private investment and key macroeconomic variables- Inflation, Lending rates, gross domestic savings, real gross domestic product, money supply in Nigeria. Vector error correction model was also adopted to determine the speed of adjustment between the independent variables and the dependent variables. The OLS result revealed that there exist a positive and significant relationship among GDSA, BMOS, RGDP and PDIV, negative and significant relationship among PLER, INFR, and PDIV. Therefore, the study recommends among others that Nigerian government must be resolute in their resolve to drive private domestic investment in the country by implementing appropriate monetary and fiscal policies that address inflation, interest rate, domestic savings and money supply. This will no doubt fast track inclusive growth.

Tangible, intangible assets and labour productivity growth

PurposeThe aim of this study is to investigate the contribution of tangible and intangible investments in driving labour productivity growth in the European Union over the period 2000–2017 and their role in the short and medium run. Additionally, heterogeneity across countries is accounted for by performing estimates separately for Eastern and Western European countries.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology used to conduct the analysis of the determinants of productivity is the two-way fixed-effect and the system generalised method of moments. We also include country-specific dummies in place of our variable on national innovative capacity as a means to further reduce the number of instruments.FindingsThe results reveal a long-term relationship of investment in intangible assets with labour productivity growth, more specifically of investment in R&D. This relationship holds both when considering the whole set of European countries and for Western European countries, demonstrating that R&D is key to enhancing labour productivity growth. On the contrary, the effect for Eastern countries is negative, probably due to the lack of capacity to turn this investment into an efficient and effective way to foster productivity.Originality/valueBesides confirming the well-known role of tangible and intangible assets in productivity, the heterogeneity shown in our analysis highlights the need for improving capabilities in Eastern countries. Diversifying the decisions on the investments in European countries, depending on the specific needs and their heterogeneity, could help bridge the productivity gap and enhance specific capabilities of the country systems.

Analyzing GDP Growth Drivers in Saudi Arabia: Investment or Consumption: An Evidence-Based ARDL-Bound Test Approach

This study delves into the intricate interplay of economic growth components, specifically focusing on consumption and investment in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2022. Employing vector error correction models and co-integration techniques, we analyze the short- and long-term dynamics within the relationship of consumption, investment, and economic growth. Granger causality analysis is also used to discern these pivotal variables’ causal connections. Our empirical analysis reveals a persistent long-term cointegration relationship among the variables, underscoring the enduring nature of their interdependency. Furthermore, our findings highlight consumption and investment’s statistically significant positive impact on economic growth. Notably, the short-term analysis unveils a stable model characterized by an annual adjustment to equilibrium of 100%. Moreover, the Granger causality study demonstrates unidirectional causal linkages among consumption, investment, and economic growth. These findings hold substantial implications for policy formulation in Saudi Arabia. Policymakers must grasp the ramifications of burgeoning prosperity and evolving private consumption patterns on future environmental outcomes. Achieving sustainable long-term results necessitates equal emphasis on bolstering private consumption and fostering other facets of economic growth.

Towards long-term relationship of transport investment and economic growth in Thailand: Implications for public policy in post-COVID-19 investment

COVID-19 has presented considerable challenges to fiscal budget allocations in developing countries, significantly affecting decisions regarding number of investments in the transport sector where precise resource allocation is required. Elucidating the long-term relationship between public transport investment and economic growth might enable policymaker to effectively make a decision in regard to those budget allocation. Our paper then utilizes Thailand as a case study to analyze the effects on economic growth in a developing country context. The study employs Cointegration and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) techniques to account for long-term correlations among explanatory variables during 1991–2019. The statistical findings reveal a significantly positive correlation between transport investment and economic growth by indicating an increase of 0.937 in economic growth for every one-percent increment in transport investment (S.D. = 0.024, p < 0.05). This emphasizes the potential of expanding the transport investment to recover Thailand’s economy. Furthermore, in terms of short-term adjustments, our results indicate that transport investment can significantly mitigate the negative impact of external shocks by 0.98 percent (p < 0.05). These findings assist policymakers in better managing national budget allocations in the post-Covid-19 period, allowing them to estimate the duration of crowding-out effects induced by shocks more effectively.

Impacts of investment relations service quality on corporate information transparency and intangible value: the moderating role of competitive intensity

PurposeThis study aims at proposing and testing a model delineating how and when the quality of a special B2B professional service, investment relations (IR), would drive corporate intangible value.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a proprietary dataset on voting records of an annual investment relations (IR) awards event and the corresponding company-level archival data for analysis. Regression analysis is used to test hypotheses.FindingsIR service quality not only directly enhances corporate intangible value, but also indirectly boosts it via information transparency. While competitive intensity does not moderate the relationship between IR service quality and corporate intangible value, its moderating effect on the relationship between information transparency and this value is negative.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings advance academic understanding of the mechanism and boundary conditions underlying the complex and dynamic relationships among IR service quality, information transparency, corporate intangible value and competitive intensity. Future research endeavors to verify the present findings in other service and/or geographic settings would help establish their external validity.Practical implicationsThe findings advise companies to expand the traditional role of IR by taking it as a powerful communication and relationship marketing tool to improve their visibility and attract investors.Social implicationsThe findings suggest that superior IR service would strengthen the company’s social bonding with institutional investors and effectively signal to them its commitment to good corporate governance practices.Originality/valueMatching a proprietary dataset on IR voting records with the corresponding company-level archival data over a five-year period to investigate the performance implications of IR service quality within the Hong Kong context rectifies methodological limitation and geographic confinement of prior IR research.

How does a parent’s knowledge influence the knowledge bridging of joint ventures?

Previous research has underscored the significance of the equity investment relationship in facilitating knowledge transfers between a joint venture and its parent company. Successful knowledge bridging in joint ventures plays a crucial role in shaping organizational learning and innovation performance outcomes. The empirical evidence on the effectiveness of knowledge transfers, however, presents a mixed picture. Through a rigorous sample selection process, we collect panel data on 366 joint venture-year observations across four industries during an 18-year period to empirically test the proposed hypotheses. In this research, we contend that the ability of joint ventures to act as knowledge bridges depends on the diversity of the parent’s knowledge and the technological similarity between the joint venture and the parent, especially in the context of internal knowledge development. An examination of bridging performance in the relationship between joint ventures and parent companies indicates that both parental knowledge diversity and joint venture – parent technology similarity positively impact the knowledge acquired through the joint venture – parent equity relationship. Furthermore, when the joint venture strongly depends on internal knowledge, the positive relationship among parental knowledge diversity, joint venture – parent technology similarity, and joint venture knowledge bridging becomes more pronounced. Our findings shed light on how the specific features of a parent company contribute to the knowledge learning bridged by a joint venture and underscore the role of equity investments in joint venture firms’ innovation.

Predictors of non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents with depressive disorder: the role of alexithymia, childhood trauma, and body investment.

This study analyzes the relationship of alexithymia, childhood trauma, and body investment to non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorder and whether they have predictive and diagnostic value for non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorder. A total of 225 patients with a diagnosis of adolescent depressive disorder were included in the study and were divided into two groups according to the DSM-5 criteria: 98 cases without NSSI and 127 cases with NSSI. Compare the demographic data, 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-24), 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), and Body Investment Scale (BIS) scores between two groups. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors contributing to NSSI behaviors in adolescents with depression, and establish four predictive models. Based on the models' predictive probability, the ROC curves were plotted to calculate the value of the predictive diagnostic effect. The group without NSSI had lower scores than the group with NSSI on HAMD-24 total score, TAS-20 total score, difficulty identifying feelings, difficulty describing feelings, and externally focused thinking, as well as lower scores on CTQ-SF total score, physical neglect, emotional neglect, physical abuse, and emotional abuse. In contrast, the BIS total score, body image feelings and attitudes, body care, and body protection factor scores were higher for the group without NSSI. The BIS body care factor score and the CTQ-SF emotional abuse factor score were significantly linked with adolescents diagnosed with depressive disorder who exhibited NSSI behaviors. These results provide a good diagnostic model for adolescents with depressive disorder. Low levels of body care and childhood emotional abuse may independently contribute to the implementation of NSSI in adolescents with depressive disorder. Body investment and childhood trauma are valuable in diagnosing and predicting NSSI behaviors and should be considered as potentially important factors in clinical treatment.

Legal Oversight of Venture Capital Investment in Russia: Inconsistencies and Conflicts

Introduction. This article focuses on the applicable Russian laws that govern the investment in early-stage and growth-stage tech companies (venture capital), with the aim of pinpointing its inconsistencies and conflicts. Methods. The study employed a general scientific analysis method, a formal legal method, and a systemic approach. Results and Discussion. Issues have been identified in the legal regulation of venture capital investment relationships. It has been determined that these issues arise from attributing various interactions, similar in their aim of profiting from investment transactions in companies that develop and implement new high-tech products, to venture relations. Conclusion. The conclusion is that the effective growth of venture capital investment is obstructed by numerous legal barriers, with some of them related to defining the legal status of participants in venture capital investment, while others are associated with issues in ensuring the transactions that primarily benefit venture investors. Barriers in the legal regulation of venture capital investor income taxation have not been removed.

The value of a reputation for sustaining commitment in interfirm relationships: The inclusion of corporate venture capitalists in investment syndicates

We explore the importance of sustaining commitment in inter-firm relationships in the corporate venture capital setting. We find that a corporate investor's past behavior in terms of committing to investment relationships and not abandoning them prematurely confers reputational benefits that increase the likelihood of its participation in future investment opportunities. These reputational effects have a greater impact when the corporate investor has extensive patent stocks and has higher levels of potential slack. Our study highlights the value of sustaining commitment in interfirm relationships, and offers a deeper understanding of an important driver of corporate venture capital program investment opportunities.

INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF FIRM LIFE CYCLE ON FINANCIAL DISTRESS: EVIDENCE FROM BORSA ISTANBUL

This paper aims to examine whether acting non-compatible with life cycle has impact on firm’s financial distress. Considering every life stage requires unique priorities, firms should consider their life phases when determining their strategical decisions. We handle the causes of financial distress from a broad and strategical perspective on corporate finance ground. In this regard, we seek the relationships of investment, finance, and dividend policies with financial distress, considering firm life cycles. We applied panel data analysis examining 154 Borsa Istanbul (BIST) firms in manufacturing sector using their last seven-year data. We find that the ratio of investment to equity is positively correlated with financial distress for growth and decline firms at different levels. Additionally, we find that leverage increases financial vulnerability in all life cycles, however, the impact of leverage is larger for growth firms and decline firms. These findings are significant to navigate managers in the right direction.

Illuminating the contributions of fintech, mineral resources, and foreign direct investment in alleviating environmental issues: An empirical analysis

The present study uncovers the complex relationship of financial technology (Fintech), mineral resources, and foreign direct investment with carbon mitigation by considering twenty economies in the Middle Eastern and North African region. Employing the CS-ARDL model, we meticulously account for time-invariant characteristics and distill the net impact of these key factors on carbon emissions. Our analysis spans the two-decade period from 2000 to 2020 and the robust empirical findings illuminate a promising way forward to mitigate environmental challenges for the region under consideration. Notably, according to the results, mineral resources emerge as a linchpin in promoting clean energy adoption across the selected economies and ultimately helping to control carbon emissions. Furthermore, fintech and FDI both are significant sources of increased funds availability for environmentally friendly projects and those emerging as catalysts for accelerating clean energy adoption and achieving carbon mitigation targets in the region. In short, our study underscores the pivotal role played by fintech, mineral resources, and FDI inflow in shaping the energy landscape for a clean environment. The study suggests that improvement in fintech promotes access to capital, promotes sustainable development, fosters knowledge and wise use of mineral resources, and ultimately helps to improve environment quality. In conclusion, this study offers valuable policy recommendations to empower policymakers in charting the sustainable use of mineral resources and advancing the fintech future for a healthy natural environment for the MENA region.

INTERACTIONS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH, PRODUCTIVITY, INVESTMENT AND EMPLOYMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF LONG-TERM MACROECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS

The aim of this article is to discuss the relationship between economic growth, productivity, investment and employment in the economy of the Republic of Armenia by using econometric and mathematical toolkits. The study examined long-term quantitative and qualitative changes in the structure of the RA economy and their impact on economic growth, productivity, investment and employment dynamics. The study showed that during the period under review, although a stable trend of economic growth was maintained in the RA economy, the trend of labor productivity, which determines the quality of this growth, was negative, which is associated with the ongoing deterioration of the structure of the economy, in particular, declining share of industries with a high share of value added and high productivity and reducing the influence and of these type of industries. In parallel, the relationship and interaction of real economic growth, productivity, investment and employment were studied using quantitative assessment toolkit.

К ВОПРОСУ ЦЕННОСТИ ЦИФРОВОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ ДЛЯ АГРОПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОГО СЕКТОРА

The study focuses on the value of digital innovations and data exchange technologies for the agri-food sector, which represents the "core" of the agro-industrial complex. The digital transformation of the economic activity of agriculture is reflected in increasing the marginality of business, restraining prices for agricultural products and at the same time maintaining the quality of goods. The main problems of the study cover digital innovation hubs that support the digitalization of the agri-food supply chain. The results of the AgroCode Awards in 2021, which encourages AgroTech entrepreneurs and their projects, organized by the Russian Agricultural Bank, are presented. In the course of the work, attention was drawn to crowdfunding as an important element of financing the agricultural sector, and its importance for agricultural projects. The analysis of the results highlights the need for companies, as well as investors, to carefully analyze crowdfunding options to ensure that they make economic sense, are structured and ideally lead to mutually beneficial investment relationships. The authors present key projects of digital transformation of the agri-food sector, namely, the use of specialized training programs in agricultural universities; the creation of platforms for farmers in the field of crop production and livestock; the creation of digital twins; the creation of digital production in the field of crop production and livestock online; control of the targeted use of budgetary funds and the implementation of control and supervisory activities. There is no universal way of digital transformation, despite the existence of a list of mandatory conditions. Within each specific company and its characteristics, digital transformation can take place in its own way. However, it is important to understand that thanks to digital transformation, a business gets a unique opportunity to be in demand.

Relationship of Innovation Management and Investments in State Policy Development

The conceptual-categorical research apparatus was further developed by clarifying the essence of the concepts, namely: "innovation" as a new or significantly improved product (goods, services) or process introduced into use, a new sales method or a new organizational method in business practice, work organization places or in external communications; "state innovation and investment policy at the regional level" as a complex, dynamically developing, hierarchically and spatially organized socio-economic system that functions within the boundaries of a certain territory, on which economic innovation and investment processes and dependencies between market entities are carried out taking into account the characteristic territorial features of the innovative development of the regions. It has been established that the following are key technologies, the implementation of which will be important for creating a new basis for the development of the economy, financial and non-financial services: digital information processing technologies (creation of new products, upgrading of traditional industries, management efficiency, the Internet of Things), including including blockchain technology (financial innovations, smart contracts, sharing economy); 3D printing (production of new products, customization of production while maintaining the effect of scale); artificial intelligence (substitution of labor with capital - especially in the field of telecommunications, unmanned transport, finance; machine learning as a prerequisite for customization of production); virtual reality (production of new products, expansion of the spectrum of solvable tasks, especially in the sectors of entertainment, health care, education); 5G communication (communication services, management efficiency, Internet of things, unmanned transport). It was noted that innovative activity is not a one-time activity, but is a system of measures for understanding the idea, introducing it into production, and scaling technologies. The innovation and investment policy must be implemented within the framework of the strategic plan. As a result of the evolution of theoretical views and accumulated practical experience, innovation and investment activities are understood as various scientific, innovative, investment, organizational, technological, financial and commercial actions that lead to the implementation of innovations. It is noted that the nature of innovation and investment state policy at the regional level is determined by the degree of state intervention in economic processes, which is why the levels of regional development differ. Such interference is manifested through the implementation of tax, financial, credit, licensing, price, etc. policies. Regardless of the scale, innovation and investment activity at the regional level is defined from the point of view of the following positions: from the standpoint of institutional theory - as a field of activity, that is, a set of institutions that ensure the production, distribution and use of new, economically beneficial knowledge; from the point of view of the network approach - as a process by which modern technologies and innovative businesses based on them are produced; from the standpoint of a structural-functional approach - as a hierarchically organized spatial system that ensures the maximization of scientific and technical progress while observing regional system limitations.

Applying methodological innovation to explore generativity development among collegiate leadership mentors

PurposeBuilding upon a larger mixed-methods research agenda, the purpose of this research study was to explore the growth of generativity (i.e. care for the next generation) among college student leaders who mentor, answering the central question “What changes in generativity do college student leaders who mentor associate with their mentoring experience, and why?” and associated sub-question “How does generativity develop among college student leaders who mentor?”Design/methodology/approachApplying methodological innovation to a phenomenological design, semi-structured interviews were conducted and triangulated with pictorial degree-of-change graphs among 33 collegiate leadership mentors at a large Midwestern USA land-grant university.FindingsThe findings indicated that senior collegiate leadership mentors overwhelmingly acknowledged sustained generativity increases as a result of mentoring a younger student when given the tools, environment to process and time needed to develop trusting investment relationships. These increases in generativity were associated with changes in their understanding of generativity, the desire to pass on the knowledge given to them and growth in both mentor and mentee.Originality/valueFindings from the current study advance mentoring research and practice by providing a deeper understanding of mentoring as a developmental intervention, informing antecedents of generativity and utilizing innovative qualitative methodological techniques.