Investment Objectives Research Articles

SER PROFESSORA DE BEBÊS: PERSISTÊNCIAS E PERSPECTIVAS NA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL PARA A DOCÊNCIA

Being a teacher for babies involves appropriate knowledge in the theoretical-pedagogical relationship that shapes the process of professional identity formation. Thus, this article aims to analyze the continuities and perspectives in teaching practice with/for babies through an internship experience documented in a report. The methodology was theoretical-documentary, with the analysis focusing on an internship report as a research instrument, which allows for the examination of the formative movement of teachers in initial training and reveals the learning process for teaching. The compiled data were selected and organized into three categories of analysis: 1) Organization of space in teaching practice with babies; 2) Teaching actions in pedagogical practice with babies; and 3) The formative movement of the students and its implications for and in the constitution of teaching. A careful examination of the scientific writing of the internship report highlighted the persistences that still permeate pedagogical practices with babies and, concurrently, inspired possibilities to reflect on educational actions more conducive to learning and child development. We conclude that it is crucial to invest in initial training, with studies and immersion in professional practice through supervised curricular internships, as a means to equip teachers for the specificity of early childhood education. Moreover, the ongoing training of teachers needs to be an object of investment in a consistent, longitudinal and rigorous formative process, that dialogues with historical-cultural conception of early childhood education, childhood, and teaching aligned with the theoretical-practical framework already established in area.

Comparative Statistical Analysis of Changes in Average Asking Prices for Housing in the Administrative Districts of Moscow

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the residential real estate market in nine administrative districts of Moscow in 2016 and 2024. The paper focuses on the features of housing price formation and considers factors influencing pricing, including socio-economic conditions and transport infrastructure. The study outlines the role of housing construction and the investment attractiveness of various districts of the capital.The authors used official data from Russia's largest real estate technology service (CIAN) on asking prices for apartments for sale depending on their parameters. The article draws on such indicators as the local average price per square meter of the total area of dwellings and the number of offers of apartments for sale. It is shown that apartment prices in two administrative districts (AO) of Moscow have a stable growth trend in 2024, which was not observed in 2016. It is concluded that the real estate markets in the districts of Moscow in 2016 (exception for the Central AO) were strongly differentiated in price offers in 2024, and, therefore, it is incorrect to use the average price per square meter of Moscow residential real estate as a characteristic of housing quality in 2024.The article lists events that influenced changes in the Moscow residential real estate market without specifying the relative strength of their impact. According to the authors, each event had its causes, but their almost simultaneous appearance led to tension in the housing market for all participants.In conclusion, the significant impact of inflation and the restoration of residential premises (after renting) on the growth of residential property values and the potential for using housing as an investment object is emphasized

The Influence of Interest Rates and Inflation on Asset Allocation Strategies in Investment Portfolios in Indonesia

This study examines the impact of interest rates and inflation during the 2019-2023 period on asset allocation strategies in Indonesia's investment portfolio. Investment decisions are heavily influenced by two macroeconomic components, namely interest rates and inflation. These factors mainly affect how assets comprise a portfolio. In this study, data on Bank Indonesia's benchmark interest rate and the national inflation rate over the past five years are analyzed to see the pattern of change and its impact on asset allocation strategies, which include stocks, bonds, property, and other assets. The results show that rising interest rates significantly encourage people to shift from high-risk assets (e.g. stocks) to safer assets (e.g. bonds and deposits). Meanwhile, high inflation triggers an increased allocation to physical assets such as property and gold as a hedge against declining purchasing power. This research provides insights for investors to adjust their investment portfolios based on macroeconomic dynamics, especially in the face of interest rate volatility and inflation. The findings also highlight the importance of flexibility and diversification in asset allocation strategies to achieve optimal investment objectives amid economic uncertainty. The conclusion of this study confirms the importance of understanding interest rate and inflation dynamics in formulating effective investment strategies in Indonesia. The implications of these findings can be used by investors and policymakers in designing better monetary policies and investment strategies, in order to maintain national economic stability.

A Global-in-Time Neural Network Approach to Dynamic Portfolio Optimization

ABSTRACT We discuss a neural network approach, which does not rely on dynamic programming techniques, to solve dynamic portfolio optimization problems subject to multiple investment constraints. The approach allows for objectives of a very general form encompassing both time-consistent and time-inconsistent objectives, as well as objectives requiring multi-level optimization. The number of parameters of the neural network remains independent of the number of portfolio rebalancing events. Compared to reinforcement learning, this technique avoids the computation of high-dimensional conditional expectations. The approach remains practical when considering large numbers of underlying assets, long investment time horizons or very frequent rebalancing events. We prove convergence of the numerical solution to the theoretical optimal solution of a large class of problems under fairly general conditions, and present ground truth analyses for a number of popular formulations, including mean-variance, mean-semi-variance, and mean-conditional value-at-risk problems. Numerical experiments show that if the investment objective functional is separable in the sense of dynamic programming, the correct time-consistent optimal investment strategy is recovered, otherwise we obtain the correct pre-commitment (time-inconsistent) investment strategy. This method is agnostic as to the underlying data generating assumptions, and results are illustrated using (i) parametric models for underlying asset returns, (ii) stationary block bootstrap resampling of empirical returns, and (iii) generative adversarial network (GAN)-generated synthetic asset returns.

Optimizing estate planning through strategic mutual fund investments: Analysis on evaluating mutual fund performance models for long term investment objectives

Optimizing estate planning through strategic mutual fund investments: Analysis on evaluating mutual fund performance models for long term investment objectives

Factors impacting investment decisions in ict industry

The article analyzes the main factors influencing investors’ decisions on the advisability of investing capital in companies in the information and communication technology industry. The present article’s relevance lies in identifying the main investment objectives that determine investment decisions in innovative sectors of the economy which comprise security, growth and stable income and in identifying the most impacting factors on investment attraction in the ICT industry in a number of developed and developing European countries, the main factors being: political stability, legal environment, investments attraction policies; taxation; infrastructure development, level of country digitalization, science and technology; workforce, competitiveness in terms of cost and productivity

DEFINING COMPONENTS OF THE METHODOLOGICAL PLATFORM FOR FORMING A BUSINESS PORTFOLIO OF A COMPANY IN THE UPDATED FORMAT OF MODERN DEVELOPMENT

The article is devoted to the analysis of the economic and operational imperatives of forming a business portfolio for a development company in the construction sector. A successful business portfolio management strategy requires the integration of financial, organizational, and technological aspects to ensure the sustainability and competitiveness of the business. In modern conditions, real estate development is one of the key factors that determines the dynamics of enterprise development, as it includes a comprehensive approach to asset management, from planning and financing to the construction and operation of objects. The theoretical and methodological foundations of the genesis of development at the current stage of the construction market's evolution have been analyzed.The methodological platform for forming a business portfolio should be based on the principles of rational resource management, risk analysis, and technological optimization. Changes in development activities require the active use of digital tools and a comprehensive approach to managing residential, commercial, and industrial properties, which allows for the maximization of profitability and minimization of risks.The article discusses the main stages of portfolio formation, such as strategic planning, selection of investment objects, and their integration into the overall structure of the enterprise. An economic and mathematical formalization of the process is also provided. For the successful operation of a development company, it is crucial to ensure coordinated work at all stages of the project — from planning and financing to construction and commissioning of the facilities.Particular attention is paid to the methods of economic and mathematical modelling (EMM) and quantitative risk analysis, which have become the basis for the development of the latest asset management strategies. The study analyses 35 different techniques. Each methodology offers unique tools for the effective management of development projects that allow forecasting financial flows, determining optimal investment strategies, and building the best plans for the development of a real estate portfolio. The specific methods used to value residential, commercial and industrial real estate are also discussed, taking into account their different levels of risk and return.It is important to note that the updated methodological platform is suitable for adaptation to the latest technologies and digital tools. This includes the introduction of a project management system, the use of artificial intelligence technologies to analyse large amounts of data, and the use of analytical tools to predict market trends. This approach helps to optimise asset management in a changing market environment. The analysis of the main components of the business portfolio formation platform also showed that important factors for the successful implementation of development projects are the speed of response to market changes, flexibility of management decisions, and the ability to minimise risks at all stages of the project.

Sustainable Tourism Investment and Development in Metro City, Lampung

Objective: Investment in the development of tourism in an area needs a policy that has an impact on business actors. Tourism is a necessity for entertainment. It has the potential for the economy of local communities and becomes regional income. Theoretical Framework: The theories in this article include Graham's theory of investment, which emphasizes long-term investment and diversification. Investment objectives, economic impact on local communities, and the environment. Method: Mixed methods with MAXQDA tools were used in this study. The research location is Metro City, Lampung Province, Indonesia, with a literature review of reputable publications, a survey of 21 tourist destinations, and a questionnaire of 399 respondents. Quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis were integrated and then described. Results and Discussion: The results showed that 21 tourist destinations in Metro City were active and still developing at 66.7%, while tourist destinations that were inactive or not developing were 33.3%. Destinations that still exist and develop are 14 tourist destinations while 7 destinations are damaged and no longer developing. In addition, UMKM for the community has the opportunity to increase community income. Research Implications: Tourism and investment as a factor that contributes to the region with government policies due to knowledge, managerial skills, marketing strategies, and distribution and production networks that benefit the local economy. Originality/Value: This research contributes to the literature with the hats of investment, tourism, society, and local government policy. The relevance of this study is that the condition of Metro City tourism development is low, and investment innovation in the tourism sector is needed.

Governing the European Union's recovery and resilience facility: National ownership and performance‐based financing in theory and practice

AbstractThe Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) adopted in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic marks an important departure in European Union (EU) governance, as it introduces an innovative “demand‐driven, performance‐based” model aimed at overcoming the limitations of past policies seeking to promote national reforms. In this study, we set out the theoretical assumptions underlying the RRF governance model, and assess its practical effectiveness and legitimacy by analyzing the drafting, implementation, and monitoring of National Recovery and Resilience Plans in eight member states. The study concludes by assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the RRF's governance model, relating them to theoretical expectations derived from previous international experience with similar approaches elsewhere, and considers the implications for future EU policy. Our core argument is that while the RRF's governance design has reinforced national ownership and commitment to reform and investment objectives, its performance‐based financing system leads to a mechanical focus on formal verification of predetermined milestones and targets, with negative consequences for both effectiveness and legitimacy. Addressing these problems would require a redesign of the RRF's complete contracting approach, giving member states greater flexibility on the means for achieving agreed commitments, as well as for revising them, not only in response to unanticipated changes in objective circumstances, but also to lessons learned during the implementation process.

Performance Analysis of Selected Mutual Fund Schemes: A Case Study

This study aims to evaluate the performance of selected mutual fund schemes offered by Aditya Birla Sun Life Mutual Fund. By leveraging secondary data from April 2022 to March 2023, this research analyzes the Net Asset Value (NAV) and corresponding returns of five mutual fund schemes. Utilizing statistical tools and the Sharpe Index Model, the study assesses risk-adjusted returns to rank the schemes and provide insights into their relative performance. The findings serve as a valuable resource for individual investors, organizations, and regulators, facilitating informed investment decisions and highlighting market trends. The research underscores the significance of mutual funds as a viable investment vehicle for diverse portfolios and examines the efficacy of specific schemes in achieving their investment objectives.

The calculating entrepreneur — The role of economic calculation in supporting alertness and creative destruction

AbstractWe integrate the issue of economic calculation into the theory of the entrepreneur. In doing so, we fill a gap in the literature by demonstrating that retrospective economic calculation, i.e., financial accounting, dovetails with Kirzner's theory of the alert entrepreneur and that prospective calculation, i.e., the appraisal of investment objects, supports innovational activities by entrepreneurs and therefore facilitates creative destruction as emphasized by Schumpeter. Our integrative conceptualization of the calculating entrepreneur can lead to a better understanding of the role of economic calculation in the economy, thereby bringing theoretical economics and business administration closer together.

Pengaruh Sales Growth, Likuiditas, dan Aset Tangibility terhadap Struktur Modal

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effects of sales growth, liquidity, and asset tangibility on capital structure. Methodology/approach: The research sample included as many as 14 companies in various industrial sectors of the automotive sub-sector for the period 2018-2022. Quantitative research using the associative approach method was used. The data used are secondary data, which are annual financial statements of automotive companies for the period to 2018-2022. The study population comprises various industrial sectors of the automotive subsectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data analysis method used was multiple linear regression using SPSS version 23. Results: The sales growth variable has no significant effect on capital structure, the liquidity variable has a significant effect on capital structure, and the asset tangibility variable has no significant effect on capital structure. Limitations: The sample in the study only focuses on miscellaneous sector companies in various sectors of the automotive industry for the period 2018-2022 listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Contribution: Good sales growth makes investors hesitant to provide capital to the company, and a high liquidity value reflects the ability of the company to meet its short-term obligations. Companies with good liquidity values are considered to have good investor performance. Investors plan and analyze ratios in automotive financial reports to obtain a better understanding and information regarding financial performance. This is performed to achieve a predetermined investment objective.

Effect of Tax Policy Changes on Corporate Investment Decisions in Saudi Arabia

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of tax policy changes on corporate investment decisions in Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study indicated that reductions in corporate tax rates generally lead to increased investment by companies. Lower taxes can free up funds that businesses then use for capital expenditures, research and development, and expansion projects. Conversely, higher tax rates may discourage investment, as they reduce after-tax profits and make certain projects less economically viable. However, the relationship between tax policy and investment decisions is complex and can vary depending on factors such as the overall economic environment, industry dynamics, and the specific details of the tax changes. Overall, though, there is evidence to suggest that tax policy plays a substantial role in shaping corporate investment behavior. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Pecking order theory, agency theory and neoclassical investment theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the effect of tax policy changes on corporate investment decisions in Saudi Arabia. Policymakers and corporate leaders should collaborate to design tax policies that align with strategic investment objectives, fostering economic growth, innovation, and market competitiveness. The findings from research studies on the effect of tax policy changes on corporate investment decisions can inform evidence-based policymaking aimed at optimizing tax frameworks for economic resilience and dynamism.

ANALISIS INVESTASI PADA GEDUNG BARU PASAR MARDIKA MILIK PEMERINTAH DAERAH PROVINSI MALUKU

Buildings are an important element in the development of an area and play a significant role in people's lives, so they become attractive investment objects. The availability of buildings, especially markets, affects the smooth running of people's trade facilities and the improvement of people's welfare. The construction of the Mardika Market New Building in Ambon City is expected to facilitate buying and selling transactions and provide jobs. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of market development investment by reviewing the financial aspect. The research method used in this study is a quantitative calculation method, by knowing the investment cost, calculating annual income and expenses, then conducting a feasibility analysis using the Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Net Present Value (NPV), and Payback Periods (PP) methods. The results of the analysis show that the Mardika Market New Building, which covers four floors with a total area of 20,400 m² and a capacity to accommodate 2,061 traders, has a total budget of Rp. 132,185,886,068, with a construction period of 480 days. From the calculation results, BCR 1.08, NPV Rp. 10,108,469,676, and PP 13 years, 2 months, 1 day were obtained. So it can be concluded that a BCR value greater than 1, the investment is considered feasible. In addition, NPV has a positive value, meaning that the investment project is considered feasible. The project has a payback period of 13 years.Keywords:Benefit Cost Ratio, Building Investment, Mardika Market, Net Present Value, Payback Period

Relationship Between Tenant Characteristics and Lease Performance Indicators in Nigeria: A Case Study in Ibadan

This study examined the relationship between tenants’ characteristics and lease performance indicators in Ibadan, Nigeria. The Data for this study were obtained from the Estate Surveying and Valuation firms, and information on tenant characteristics was obtained from the tenant’s acquaintance forms in their portfolio. Out of the one hundred and five (105) Estate Surveying and Valuation firms surveyed, only 85 (80.9%) provided access to the required data for this study. The totality of cases identified (through the records of the Estate Surveying and Valuation firms) suitable for the analysis was one hundred and seventy (170) tenants, which accounted for tenants who were expected to have spent at least two years in their rented accommodation, representing 80.9% complete responses on information on the tenants. The data from the retrieved copies of the questionnaire were analysed using frequency distribution tables, factor analysis, weighted mean score and correlation analysis. Findings from the factor analysis revealed that affordability was the most significant criterion considered by property managers for tenant selection. Findings from the weighted mean score further revealed that affordability was seen as the most significant factor that measures lease performance in the study area, corroborating the findings of the factor analysis. The correlation analysis revealed that there was a strong positive correlation between tenants' characteristics and lease performance. In ensuring the success of rental properties, this study emphasised the crucial role of a meticulous tenant selection process by highlighting tenant characteristics such as tenants' financial capabilities, vetted personal information, solid references and guarantors, and demographic characteristics amongst others that are essential in the tenant selection process. The study recommended that property managers should keenly take into consideration the abovementioned tenant characteristics to ensure lease performance and, in turn, residential property investment performance to ensure the investors meet their investment objectives.

Accounting statements in the investment strategies of retail investors

Subject. The article investigates accounting (financial) statements as a source of information for retail investors, and tools to analyze and evaluate the investment attractiveness of a company as a way to reduce the risk of inefficient investment. Objectives. We focus on identification of the place and role of accounting in investment strategies of retail non-professional investors seeking to improve their financial situation by investing in the shares of Russian and foreign companies. Methods. The study draws on general scientific principles of cognition, including the analysis of statistical information, induction, synthesis, etc. Results. The paper presents the results of a survey of retail non-professional investors with experience in investment activities. The responses of respondents involved in the survey on the basis of an electronic platform are presented in a tabular form. We demonstrated the advantages and disadvantages of using various sources of information. The study revealed the key factors of investment attractiveness that retail investors take into account when choosing optimal investment objects. Conclusions. The most competent investors use the tools of accounting analysis and investment attractiveness assessment to build an effective long-term investment strategy. In addition to accounting statements, investors consider some non-financial parameters, like company reputation, brand awareness, ESG rating, etc.

Energy supply structure optimization of integrated energy system considering load uncertainty at the planning stage

Under the trend of global carbon neutrality, the integrated energy system with the characteristics of multi-energy scheduling and gradient utilizing will be widely constructed and applied in the future energy market. For the construction of energy systems in emerging building complex, this paper analyzes the load probability characteristics of regional building complex at the planning stage, and conducts an aggregation analysis of its multiple uncertainties, and obtains the conclusion that the load factor at time t obeys the normal distribution. In order to formulate this uncertainty, this paper combines the case study with the scenario analysis method containing scenario generation and reduction to transform the stochastic programming model into several deterministic models and analyses the discrepancies of the optimization results under different objectives and different load variances. The results show that after considering load-side uncertainty, the total system capacity increases by 7 %, the total investment under the minimum investment objective by 4 %, and the carbon emission under the minimum carbon emission objective by 3 %. In addition, the system needs to pay 32.8 % of the total investment increment to obtain 80 % carbon reduction when adopting carbon emissions as the objective.

An analysis of Risk Tolerance of Individual Investor using Gray Relational Analysis Method

Risk tolerance refers to an individual investor's inclination towards embracing fluctuations in investment values in pursuit of higher income. It reflects their capacity to endure such fluctuations and financial goals, time horizon and emotional comfort various including status influenced by factors. Personal preferences and investment choices with circumstances as it helps to regulate, informed investment decisions one's risk tolerance in taking understanding is important. financial situation, investment objectives, knowledge of the financial market, factors like experience, and emotional intelligence contribute to determining one's risk tolerance. Investors' risk tolerance is often assessed through questionnaires or evaluations conducted by financial advisors, which consider factors like attitudes towards risk, investment goals, time horizon, and financial situation. Based on the assessment, investors may be categorized into different risk profiles such as conservative, moderate, or aggressive, with corresponding investment strategies suggested accordingly. It's essential for investors to honestly evaluate and be realistic about their risk tolerance, as overestimating it may lead to excessive risk-taking and potential losses during market downturns, while underestimating it may result in overly conservative investment choices. Regular reviews of risk tolerance are recommended, especially in light of significant life events or market fluctuations. The concept of risk-return trade-off highlights that higher returns are typically associated with higher levels of risk, implying that investors expecting higher returns must be prepared to accept greater potential losses. However, risk tolerance isn't solely determined by financial factors; emotional elements such as fear, anxiety, and market sentiment also influence an investor's tolerance for risk and their behaviour during periods of volatility. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of risk tolerance encompasses both financial considerations and emotional factors. the GRA (Grey Relational Analysis) approach at its inception, focusing on the concept of the gray gadget. This technique is particularly effective for selection problems involving multiple attributes within a component. The current literature highlights its applicability in addressing problems associated with multiple factors and variables, especially when dealing with complex relationships. The GRA approach is well-suited for resolving issues related to fixing problems, and various types of GRA techniques have been proposed in the field. The introduction of the GRA approach is both straightforward and environmentally friendly, making it a practical choice for addressing complex problems involving multiple variables. Investment Objectives, Time Horizon, Financial Situation, Knowledge and Experience and Liquidity Needs. Risk Assessment Questionnaires, Investment Experience and Knowledge, Financial Situation, Investment Goals and Emotional Attitude Towards Risk. the Rank of GRA for Risk Tolerance of Individual Investors. Liquidity Needs is got the first rank whereas the Low Risk Tolerance is having the Lowest rank.

Application of Financial Mathematical Models Combined with Root Algorithms in Finance

Investors in the financial markets must deal with various hazards, for which they must create prudent investment portfolios and risk management plans. A multi-objective optimisation approach is proposed using the root algorithm to create a multi-objective root system growth model based on many clusters. An investment risk management optimisation model based on root system growth is built into the study using distributed decision-making. To create a multi-objective root algorithm-based portfolio optimisation model, the Markowitz mean-variance model and a multi-objective root algorithm are employed. Accordingto the findings, the multi-group multi-objective root system method has a real Pareto frontier solution that is more accessible, has a faster convergence rate, and has lower fitness values. The root algorithm’s solutions are workable, and the final risk values of 0.0105, 0.0082, and 0.4623 for the 2, 4, and 6 investment objectives are all in the low-risk class range. The optimal set of solutions discovered by the algorithm had better distributivity and convergence. The Hypervolume values for the multi-group multi-objective root algorithm were 5.5298 and 3.9628 for the dual-objective portfolio and the tri-objective portfolio of investment return costs, respectively. The findings of this study can guide the development of portfolio and risk management strategies.

Influence of Moderation Leverage on The Relationship Between Profitability and Firm Value

Capital market investors anticipate their investments will appreciate and progress in line with their investment objectives, specifically to enhance investor well-being. The investment value appreciates when the issuer's share price or firm value rises. Several variables can impact the value of a company, with profitability and leverage being two significant influences. Prior studies have presented empirical proof that a firm's profitability and leverage can impact its value. This study examines the moderating impact of leverage on the association between profitability and company value. The study employed data from companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2019 and 2021. Currently, there are no studies that have investigated the impact of leverage as a moderating factor on the relationship between profitability and firm value. The data analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between profitability and firm valuation. Significant leverage levels have a considerable negative effect on a corporation's value. The interaction variable of profitability and leverage has a minimal effect on the relationship between profitability and firm value. The test results suggest that leverage modifies, diminishing the link between profitability and company value. However, it is essential to note that leverage is not demonstrated to be a substantial moderating variable in this relationship.