Introduction Of New Software Research Articles

Organizational change: challenges for workplace psychosocial risks and employee mental health

BackgroundConstant organizational change is the norm in many companies today. At present, evidence on the impact of organizational change on psychosocial risks at work and employee mental health is limited. We investigate organizational change and its association with psychosocial risks and mental health in three consecutive surveys covering 12 years.MethodsThe study was based on data from three cross-sectional waves (2006, 2012, 2018) of the German BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey, comprising 53,295 employees. Four change indicators (i.e., introduction of new software, changes in goods and services produced/provided, downsizing and restructuring), five indicators of psychosocial risks (i.e., time pressure, interruptions, multitasking, working to the limits of capability, and working very quickly) and four mental health indicators (i.e., sleep disturbances, nervousness, tiredness and depressive symptoms) were investigated. We applied Poisson regression analysis to examine associations between organizational change, psychosocial risks, and mental health.ResultsAccording to the pooled analysis of all three waves, the majority of employees reported having experienced at least one organizational change, such as downsizing or restructuring, between 2006 and 2018. Organizational change was negatively associated with psychosocial risks (e.g., working to the limits of one’s capability, PR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.48–1.86) and with employee mental health (PR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.61–2.04).ConclusionsOrganizational change is omnipresent in the modern economy. Our research suggests that transformation processes in organizations can bear risks to employees’ health as psychosocial risks increase. Therefore, companies planning organizational change should accompany such processes with occupational health and safety measures.

Thyroid ultrasound and its ancillary techniques.

Ultrasound (US) of the thyroid has been used as a diagnostic tool since the late 1960s. US is the most important imaging tool for diagnosing thyroid disease. In the majority of cases a correct diagnosis can already be made in synopsis of the sonographic together with clinical findings and basal thyroid hormone parameters. However, the characterization of thyroid nodules by US remains challenging. The introduction of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (TIRADSs) has improved diagnostic accuracy of thyroid cancer significantly. Newer techniques such as elastography, superb microvascular imaging (SMI), contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and multiparametric ultrasound (MPUS) expand diagnostic options and tools further. In addition, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) is a promising tool to improve and simplify diagnostics of thyroid nodules and there is evidence that AI can exceed the performance of humans. Combining different US techniques with the introduction of new software, the use of AI, FNB as well as molecular markers might pave the way for a completely new area of diagnostic accuracy in thyroid disease. Finally, interventional ultrasound using US-guided thermal ablation (TA) procedures are increasingly proposed as therapy options for benign as well as malignant thyroid diseases.

Novelties in 3D Transthoracic Echocardiography.

Cardiovascular imaging is developing at a rapid pace and the newer modalities, in particular three-dimensional echocardiography, allow better analysis of heart structures. Identifying valve lesions and grading their severity represents crucial information and nowadays is strengthened by the introduction of new software, such as transillumination, which provide detailed morphology descriptions. Chambers quantification has never been so rapid and accurate: machine learning algorithms generate automated volume measurements, including left ventricular systolic and diastolic function, which is extremely important for clinical decisions. This review provides an overview of the latest innovations in the echocardiography field, and is helpful by providing a better insight into heart diseases.

Methodological Aspects of the Use of Software in the Teaching of Engineering Disciplines: Tasks, Problems and Prospects

The main directions of improving training that can be achieved as part of the introduction of new software in the teaching of engineering disciplines are considered. The necessity of ensuring the continuity of training within the framework of a unified concept of using software tools is noted. The analysis of needs in the formation of new competencies based on the results of a survey of graduate students of BMSTU, and the views of employers, which showed the closeness of the representations of students, teachers and employers. It is noted that the developed software application technologies should guarantee their inextricable link. New approaches to the teaching of engineering disciplines based on computer modeling, which are used in world practice, are considered. Trends in the application of modeling technologies, including the use of integrated software products, are noted. The main modern trends are active training and teamwork, group training. These computer technologies have taken the project approach to learning to a new stage. New software products allow not only the formation of special competencies, but also provide the opportunity to acquire important communication skills. New opportunities for student motivation are opening up. Access to an open electronic educational environment, including open packages of applied engineering design programs allows you to create self-education skills, without which it is impossible for an engineer to work in rapidly changing conditions. The active role of the teacher in effective and competent self-education is noted.

DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AT THE KAZAKHSTAN NATIONAL DATA CENTER (KNDC)

The paper presents an implementation of a plan on improvement, upgrade and introduction of new software and technical means in Kazakhstan National Data Center for the purposes of improving the quality of data acquisition, processing and storage in accordance with modern requirements and trends of information technologies’ development.

A high fidelity cost efficient tensorial method based on combined POD-HOSVD reduced order model of flow field

Computation time and data storage is a significant challenge in every calculation process. Increasing computational speed by upgrading hardware and the introduction of new software are some of the techniques to overcome this challenge. One of the most interesting methods for fast computations is the reduced order frameworks. In this study, the aerodynamic coefficients of the NACA0012 airfoil in subsonic and supersonic flows have been reconstructed and estimated by a cost-efficient form of combined proper orthogonal decomposition–high-order singular value decomposition (POD-HOSVD) scheme. The initial data ensemble contains some members related to the variations of the angle of attack and Mach number. To reduce the computation time, the structure of the standard combined POD-HOSVD approach has been changed to a cost-efficient format. The present method is a grid independent formulation of standard combined POD-HOSVD for the fields with a large number of elements and several effective variables. Results indicate more than 90 percent reduction in the calculation time compares with computational fluid dynamics and standard combined POD-HOSVD methods for a subsonic flow field.

A high fidelity cost efficient tensorial method based on combined POD-HOSVD reduced order model of flow field

Computation time and data storage is a significant challenge in every calculation process. Increasing computational speed by upgrading hardware and the introduction of new software are some of the techniques to overcome this challenge. One of the most interesting methods for fast computations is the reduced order frameworks. In this study, the aerodynamic coefficients of the NACA0012 airfoil in subsonic and supersonic flows have been reconstructed and estimated by a cost-efficient form of combined proper orthogonal decomposition–high-order singular value decomposition (POD-HOSVD) scheme. The initial data ensemble contains some members related to the variations of the angle of attack and Mach number. To reduce the computation time, the structure of the standard combined POD-HOSVD approach has been changed to a cost-efficient format. The present method is a grid independent formulation of standard combined POD-HOSVD for the fields with a large number of elements and several effective variables. Results indicate more than 90 percent reduction in the calculation time compares with computational fluid dynamics and standard combined POD-HOSVD methods for a subsonic flow field.

Psychosocial risks, burnout and intention to quit following the introduction of new software at work.

Despite a rich literature on association between psychosocial factors, the demand-control-support (DCS) model and burnout, there are few integrated frameworks encompassing the DCS model, burnout and intention to quit, particularly in a technological context. This manuscript examines the relationships between psychosocial risks, the demand-control-support (DCS) model, burnout syndrome and intention to quit following the introduction of new software at work. Data was collected from agents and advisors working at a Canadian university and using newstudy management software. An online questionnaire was sent via the university's internal mail. Finally, 112 people completed the online survey for a response rate of 60.9% . The results of structural equation modeling show that psychological demands, decision latitude and social support are associated with burnout. It is also clear that burnout, in particular depersonalization and emotional exhaustion, is positively associated with intention to quit. The few studies that raise the negative consequences of technology on quality of life in the workplace, and particularly on health, have not succeeded in establishing a direct link between a deterioration of health and the use of technology. This is due to the fact that there are few epidemiological studies on the direct consequences of the use of ITC on health.

Evolution of Mobile Applications

Currently, we can see the rapid evolution of mobile technology, which involves mobile communication, mobile hardware, and mobile software. Features of mobile phones largely depend on software. In contemporary information and communication age [1–4], mobile application is one of the most concerned and rapidly developing areas. At the same time, the development of mobile application undergoes great changes with the introduction of new software, service platforms and software development kits (SDK). These changes lead to appearance of many new service platforms such as Google with Android and Apple with iOS. This article presents the information about the evolution of mobile application, gives some statistical data on the past and present situation, demonstrates how individual users of mobile devices can benefit, and shows how mobile applications affect society from the ethical perspective.

Обработка результатов измерений интенсивности оптических полей интерференционных картин, создаваемых лазерными интерференционными средствами измерений

Introduction. Currently, the introduction of modern methods and means of laser interferometry opens up new possibilities in solving various practical problems under studying properties and processes of defect formation in new materials (laminated, polymeric, composite), and diagnosing the state of structural materials of the product power components at all stages of their life cycle. One of the ways to improve the measurement results quality can be the introduction of new software for the outcome analysis of the intensities of the optical fields of interference patterns uniquely associated with the metered small displacements of control objects surfaces. The work objective is to develop new software for processing data of measuring intensities of the optical fields of interference patterns generated by the optical instrumentation of small linear and angular displacements of the control objects surfaces. The solution is based on the two-way laser interferometer with combined branches that allows increasing the measurement results quality. Materials and Methods. To achieve this purpose, modern software is applied, and the data obtained with new measuring instruments based on new optical interference methods is used. Research Results. New software is developed for processing the measurement results of the intensities of the optical fields of interference patterns generated by the optical instrumentation of small linear and angular displacements of the control objects surfaces based on the proposed two-pass laser interferometer with combined branches. New software allows improving the measurement data quality. It is protected by certificates of the Russian Federation on the state registration of computer programs. Discussion and Conclusions. The proposed software can be used successfully for simulating measurements of small linear and angular displacements of the control objects surfaces in order to create new methods of treatment of the intensities of the optical fields of interference patterns generated by the optical instrumentation based on laser interferometers of various types. The described software and technical solutions received approval at the International scientific conferences in 2016-2017, and they were also presented at the International innovation salons “Inventions Geneva 2017” and “Euroinvent 2017”.

A multi-attribute approach for release time and reliability trend analysis of a software

In a Software Development Life Cycle the testing phase is given a lot of importance. But testing cannot be done indefinitely due to many reasons ranging from marketing considerations to increase in cost. Hence it is pertinent to find the optimal release time during testing phase. Firms routinely face the challenging decision of when to stop testing and release the product in the market. It has been observed that the pace of introduction of new software is much higher in recent years in comparison to any time in the past. Thus to get the competitive edge it is critical to know about the optimal entry time. Too late an entry is likely to lead to significant loss of opportunity. On the other hand early introduction of a product might hinder its growth due to lack of receptiveness of users towards new technology. Many release time problems with optimization criteria like cost minimization, reliability maximization and budgetary constraints etc. have been discussed in the literature. The release time problem discussed in this paper depends on the combined effect of cost and the Failure Intensity function; therefore we formulated an optimal release planning problem based on multi-attribute utility theory. A numerical illustration is provided towards the end of the paper. Furthermore, a trend line for the reliability of software has also been plotted to show the behaviour of reliability.

Compliance revisited: pharmaceutical drug trials in the era of the contract research organization

Over the past decade, the management of clinical trials of pharmaceuticals has become a veritable industry, as evidenced by the emergence and proliferation of contract research organizations (CROs) that co-ordinate and monitor trials. This article focuses on work performed by one CRO involved in the introduction of new software, modelled on industrial production processes, into clinical trial practices. It investigates how this new management technique relates to the work performed in the clinic to ensure that trial participants comply with the protocol. Using an analytical distinction between 'classical' management work and invisible work, the article contextualizes the meaning of compliance in the clinic and suggests that the work involved in producing compliance should be taken into consideration by those concerned with validity of trials, as clinical trials are put under private industrial management. The article builds on participant observation at a Swedish university hospital and interviews the nurses, dieticians, doctors and a software engineer, all part of a team involved in pharmaceutical drug trials on a potential obesity drug.

End-To-End Cache System for Grid Computing: Design and Efficiency Analysis of a High-Throughput Bioinformatic Docking Application

Cache techniques are an efficient tool to reduce latency times in transfer operations through Grid systems. Although different approximations to introduce cache facilities into Grid computing have already been studied, they require intrusive modifications of Grid software and hardware. Here, we propose an end-to-end cache system that is implemented over scheduling services. This cache system requires neither changes in the Grid software nor introduction of new software in the Grid resources. Parallel Grid adaptation of many high-throughput computing applications that use the same data intensively could enjoy great benefits from our cache system. The maintenance of cacheable data in the resources of already-executed tasks allows faster executions of future tasks assigned to the same resources. To analyze the performance of our end-to-end cache system, we tested it with a new protein—protein docking application. The obtained results confirm our cache system’s robustness and efficiency gain for this kind of high-throughput application.

Interventions for musculoskeletal disorders in computer-intense office work: A framework for evaluation

Workplace interventions for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are usually multifaceted. These interventions tend to deal with multiple work organizational and physical risk factors and have components occurring at different organizational levels. The organizations are often changing, with shifting initiatives and priorities. Evaluation of such interventions poses challenges in documentation of implementation, reduction in exposures, and assessment of improved health outcomes. We describe a means-outcomes framework for evaluating field interventions that includes strategies, activities, objectives and metrics for outcomes using quantitative and qualitative methods. We demonstrate application of the framework to our work with a large newspaper, which builds on existing laboratory, aetiological and best practice evidence to improve musculoskeletal health. The newspaper had adopted several organizational strategies aimed at improving financial performance, including restructuring into teams, a major set of moves/renovations and introduction of new software. Concomitant WMSD-related organizational strategies include an ergonomics policy, human resources activities, promotion of team work, changes in environment and equipment specifications and development of information systems. We have found the framework useful for focusing the purpose of data collection and ensuring coverage of important components. At the same time, it provides sufficient flexibility to respond to the changing process of implementation.

Active network technology

The modern electronic world is increasingly interconnected. Many technologies exist today that facilitate communications amongst individuals, organizations and equipment. As a result, larger and faster networks are being constructed. However, the current model of building higher bandwidth links combined with more powerful processors in switching and routing elements contains a fundamental flaw. It is not the deployment of sophisticated equipment, but the protocol infrastructure the equipment is bound to that slows the introduction of new software. This protocol problem has a possible new solution. That solution exists in developing active networks (AN) technology. For if the protocol infrastructure is the bottleneck, then many of the problems are rooted in updating the protocol software on these networks. This software is responsible for interpreting and processing all the traffic. It can be changed to provide new functionality and flexibility.

CNC Gear Inspection Technology And NewSoftware Solutions Adapted To IndividualIndustry Needs

The requirements on gearing have steadily increased over the past years. On the one hand, increasingly more compact gear units with greater power density are required, while on the other hand high demands on operating behaviour and efficiency must often be met. All this means that gearing with top quality and low tolerance levels must be produced in both low and high volumes. Moreover, this gearing must often be produced with precisely defined flank modifications in order to achieve the desired characteristics. Gearing measurement technology has become a crucial aid in production, in order to create particular parameters and to ensure that they will be maintained during the manufacturing process. The design and functioning of appropriate testing machines will be described in the presentation. The conceptual design is explained in reference to the individual measuring tasks, and the most important components of the testing machine, such as drive systems, probe systems, control and computer systems are described. The second part of the presentation treats software as well as practical measurement examples in the areas of software management, operator guidance, evaluation and documentation of measurement results, examples of measurement times, measurement accuracy and the introduction of new software for the analytic evaluation of a gear set. By means of the gear contact analysis of a gear set, the combined effect of gear and pinion is simulated on the computer on the basis of individual profile and alignment measurements. Transactions on Engineering Sciences vol 23, © 1999 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3533