Introduction Of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Research Articles

Acceptability and Feasibility of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Introduction in Cameroon: A Mixed-Methods Study

Acceptability and Feasibility of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Introduction in Cameroon: A Mixed-Methods Study

Contemplating the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Introduction in Pakistan: Is Now the Time?

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine introduction is anticipated in many countries in the coming years. This Perspective addresses the opportunities and challenges of introducing HPV vaccination in Pakistan. A substantial portion of the population within the high-risk age group necessitates the implementation of a robust vaccination strategy. Advocacy, community mobilization, and stakeholder engagement are the key elements for the successful implementation of the vaccination program. However, for long-term control strategies, a multifaceted approach is recommended. This approach should involve integrating HPV vaccination into the national immunization program, improving access to screening methods, and establishing comprehensive and cost-effective programs for preventing cervical cancer.

Effect of HPV Vaccination on Virus Disappearance in Cervical Samples of a Cohort of HPV-Positive Polish Patients.

The introduction of human papillomavirus vaccines revolutionized cervical cancer prevention. Our research hypothesis is that HPV vaccination affects the remission of HPV in cervical swabs. We provide a prospective, ongoing, 24-month, non-randomized study in HPV-positive women. We enrolled 60 patients with positive HPV swabs from the cervix (fifty-one vaccinated with the nine-valent vaccine against HPV and nine unvaccinated). Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we determined IgG class antibodies of HPV in the patients' serums. Persistent HPV infection after vaccination was significantly less frequent in the nine-valent vaccinated group (23.5%) compared to the control group (88.9%; p < 0.001). Antibody level after vaccination was significantly higher in the vaccinated patients compared to the control group. The reactive antibody level was seen in the case of all patients in the vaccinated group and one-third of the unvaccinated group (33.3%, n = 3). The vaccination of HPV-positive patients may increase the chance of HPV remission in cervical swabs and may be a worthwhile element of secondary prevention in HPV-positive patients.

Health and economic effects of introducing single-dose or two-dose human papillomavirus vaccination in India

BackgroundCervical cancer is a major public health problem in India, where access to prevention programmes is low. The WHO-Strategic Advisory Group of Experts recently updated their recommendation for human papillomavirus...

Prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 in cervical cancer in Stockholm, Sweden during 2019–2023 compared to 2003–2008

Background The prevalence of different HPV types, especially HPV16 and 18 in cervical cancer in patients diagnosed 2019–2023 in Stockholm was compared to corresponding data from 2003–2008 before the introduction of HPV vaccination in Sweden. Material and Methods Cervical cancer samples from 125 patients diagnosed 2019–2023 in Stockholm were analysed for 27 HPV types by multiplex assay and the HPV type prevalence data was compared to data obtained in 154 cervical samples from 2003–2008. Results Patient median age was higher 2019–2023 compared to 2003–2008 (55-years vs. 42-years, p = 0.046). Overall HPV prevalence was 93.6%, HPV16 and 18 accounted for 62.2% of all squamous cell carcinoma cases (SCC) and 63.6% of all adenocarcinoma cases (ADC) vs. 92.9%, 69.7% and 88.6% respectively 2003–2008. Conclusion The joint prevalence of HPV16 and 18 in SCC and ADC tended to be slightly lower in 2019–2023 as compared to 2003–2008, but the difference was not statistically significant.

Impact of the human papillomavirus vaccine in low-resource settings

Impact of the human papillomavirus vaccine in low-resource settings

Formative Research on HPV Vaccine Acceptance among Health Workers, Teachers, Parents, and Social Influencers in Uzbekistan.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines effectively prevent cervical cancer, most of which results from undetected long-term HPV infection. HPV vaccine introduction is particularly sensitive and complicated given widespread misinformation and vaccination of young girls before their sexual debut. Research has examined HPV vaccine introduction in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs), but almost no studies attend to HPV vaccine attitudes in central Asian countries. This article describes the results of a qualitative formative research study to develop an HPV vaccine introduction communication plan in Uzbekistan. Data collection and analysis were designed using the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation for Behaviour change (COM-B) mode for understanding health behaviours. This research was carried out with health workers, parents, grandparents, teachers, and other social influencers in urban, semi-urban, and rural sites. Information was collected using focus group discussions (FGDs) and semi-structured in-depth interviews (IDIs), and data in the form of participants' words, statements, and ideas were thematically analysed to identify COM-B barriers and drivers for each target group's HPV vaccine-related behaviour. Represented through exemplary quotations, findings were used to inform the development of the HPV vaccine introduction communication plan. Capability findings indicated that participants understood cervical cancer was a national health issue, but HPV and HPV vaccine knowledge was limited among non-health professionals, some nurses, and rural health workers. Results on an opportunity for accepting the HPV vaccine showed most participants would do so if they had access to credible information on vaccine safety and evidence. Regarding motivation, all participant groups voiced concern about the potential effects on young girls' future fertility. Echoing global research, the study results highlighted that trust in health workers and the government as health-related information sources and collaboration among schools, municipalities, and polyclinics could support potential vaccine acceptance and uptake. Resource constraints precluded including vaccine target-aged girls in research and additional field sites. Participants represented diverse social and economic backgrounds reflective of the country context, and the communication plan developed using research insights contributed to the Ministry of Health (MoH) of the Republic of Uzbekistan HPV vaccine introduction efforts that saw high first dose uptake.

Attitudes to reducing cervical screening frequency among UK women: A qualitative analysis.

Cervical cancer remains a significant health threat amongst women globally despite most cervical cancers being preventable through screening and Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination. With the introduction of HPV testing and vaccination, evidence suggests that the frequency of cervical screening for women can be reduced. However, there is limited evidence on women's attitudes to possible changes to the cervical screening programme. This study explored attitudes, perceptions and beliefs of women in the United Kingdom (UK) regarding potential changes to the National Cervical Screening Programme. Forty-four women were interviewed between November 2018 and March 2019. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify key themes. Most participants were opposed to any reduction in cervical screening frequency. Reasons included perceptions that disease would develop undetected, disempowerment, increased anxiety, reduced motivation to attend, and inefficient use of health care resources. Women perceived that they were ill-informed about the reasons for the proposed change, and that access to evidence for the basis of proposed changes may persuade them to accept reduced screening frequency. Women believed that cervical screening is a test for cancer and that HPV vaccination does not provide reliable protection against cervical cancer. These beliefs suggest that women's perception that they require more information about the basis for reduced screening frequency is correct. Any changes to cervical screening frequency need to ensure public support and trust through a robust public health initiative clearly identifying the rationale for any changes.

Incidence of human papillomavirus-related cancers among males and females aged 15-34 years in the United States.

Postmarket surveillance of the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers is essential to monitor the effectiveness of HPV vaccines. We directly compared HPV-related cancer incidences during the pre- and postvaccine era to assess the effects of HPV vaccination among vaccine-eligible age groups in the United States using data from the US Cancer Statistics database. The 5-year average annual incidence rates for HPV-related cancers decreased in 2015-2019 compared with 2002-2006 among females aged 15-24 years and 25-34 years. Overall, a decrease in young males was not observed, whereas males aged 25-34 years experienced a slight decline in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma between 2005-2009 and 2015-2019. Incidence rates for HPV-related cancers statistically significantly decreased in the vaccine era compared with the prevaccine era among females aged 15-34 years, suggesting the potential early effects of the introduction of HPV vaccination in the United States.

Impact of human papillomavirus vaccine on cervical cancer epidemic: Evidence from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program.

Since 2006, the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has been recommended for females aged 9-26 years in the United States. Aiming to evaluate the early effect of the HPV vaccine on cervical cancer, this study assessed the incidence of cervical cancer by age and histology before and after the introduction of HPV vaccination. Data on cervical cancer incidence from 1975-2019 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. Joinpoint regression was used to determine temporal trends over time. Future cervical cancer incidence (2015-2039) was projected using Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis. Age-period-cohort (APC) models were created to evaluate age, period, and cohort effects. For overall cervical cancer and cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), incidence rate showed decreasing trends (-0.7%, and -1.0% annually, respectively), whereas cervical adenocarcinoma (AC) incidence continuously increased (2.6% annually). The incidence trends for AC were stable in the 20-24 and 25-29-year age groups, whereas there was an increasing trend in older age groups. Similarly, the projected trend for AC in females aged 20-30 years exhibited a decline, whereas an increase was predicted in the 31-40-year age group, especially in the 35-44 year age group. The birth cohort and period effects in SCC and AC were extracted from APC models. During the period of 1975-2019, the incidence of cervical AC remained almost unchanged in the age groups receiving HPV vaccines while increased in the age groups not receiving HPV vaccines. The birth cohort effects of SCC and AC of the cervix provided evidence supporting the effectiveness of the HPV vaccine in preventing cervical cancer.

Types and importance of human papilloma virus vaccine and methods in promoting it for cervical cancer prevention

Cervical cancer continues to be a significant global challenge as it is the fourth major cause of mortality among women. Cervical cancer is primarily caused by repeated human papilloma virus (HPV) infections. Although the incidence and death of cervical cancer have declined in high-income nations, the disease still places a heavy burden on low- and middle-income countries. HPV-16Cervical cancer continues to be a significant global challenge as it is the fourth major cause of mortality among women. Cervical cancer is primarily caused by repeated human papilloma virus (HPV) infections. Although the incidence and death of cervical cancer have declined in high-income nations, the disease still places a heavy burden on low- and middle-income countries. HPV-16 is responsible for 50% while HPV-18 is responsible for 10% of cervical cancer cases. The introduction of HPV vaccines is limited in developing areas with greater need, despite the fact that they offer a potential alternative for disease control. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about types and importance of HPV vaccine and methods in promoting it for cervical cancer prevention. Three HPV vaccines for prevention of cervical cancer are available including a quadrivalent vaccine that protects against 4 HPV types, and the second is a bivalent vaccine that protects against 2 high-risk oncogenic HPV types and third is a 9-valent vaccine. All three vaccines provide comparable coverage. Preventative vaccinations against the virus, given to women before HPV infection, have proven to be efficient and have the potential to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer. Thus, it is advised to immunize girls aged 9-14 years. The development of the HPV vaccine has made primary cervical cancer prevention possible. Health promotion and education can potentially contribute to increasing the awareness of community regarding cervical cancer prevention and can lead to better utilization of HPV vaccine.is responsible for 50% while HPV-18 is responsible for 10% of cervical cancer cases. The introduction of HPV vaccines is limited in developing areas with greater need, despite the fact that they offer a potential alternative for disease control. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about types and importance of HPV vaccine and methods in promoting it for cervical cancer prevention. Three HPV vaccines for prevention of cervical cancer are available including a quadrivalent vaccine that protects against 4 HPV types, and the second is a bivalent vaccine that protects against 2 high-risk oncogenic HPV types and third is a 9-valent vaccine. All three vaccines provide comparable coverage. Preventative vaccinations against the virus, given to women before HPV infection, have proven to be efficient and have the potential to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer. Thus, it is advised to immunize girls aged 9-14 years. The development of the HPV vaccine has made primary cervical cancer prevention possible. Health promotion and education can potentially contribute to increasing the awareness of community regarding cervical cancer prevention and can lead to better utilization of HPV vaccine.

Incidence of cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer in Denmark from 2000 to 2019: Population impact of multi-cohort vaccination against human papillomavirus infection.

In Denmark, vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) has been implemented in the children's vaccination program (January 2009) and in multiple catch-up cohorts (October 2008 in girls 13-15 years and in August 2012 in women up to 27 years). In the present study we estimate incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3), adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) during 2000-2019. All cases of CIN3 and AIS were identified from the nationwide Pathology Data Bank, while SCC and AC were identified from the Danish Cancer Registry. We calculated age-standardized incidence rates and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for the periods before vaccination implementation (2000-2005), early after implementation of childhood HPV vaccination and the first catch-up vaccination program (2006-2012), and after implementation of the second catch-up program (2013-2019). For CIN3 and AIS, age-specific incidence rates and EAPCs were calculated. An increasing age-standardized incidence was observed before introduction of HPV vaccination (2000-2005) for CIN3 [EAPCCIN3 : 3.0 (95% CI 1.7 to 4.3)] and AIS [EAPCAIS : 3.5 (95% CI 0.7 to 6.4)]. In the most recent period (2013-2019), following implementation of the second catch-up program, a decrease was observed for both CIN3 [EAPCCIN3 : -6.5 (95% CI -8.3 to -4.8)], AIS [EAPCAIS : -8.7 (95% CI -12.3 to -5.1)] and for SCC [EAPCSCC : -3.9 (95% CI -7.5 to -0.2)]. In this study we document a decrease in the incidence of CIN3, AIS and SCC in the period after implementation of multi-cohort HPV vaccination in Denmark.

Human papillomavirus vaccinations at recommended ages: How a middle school-based educational and vaccination program increased uptake in the Rio Grande Valley

ABSTRACT Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is recommended for U.S. adolescents at ages 11–12 requiring two or three doses depending on if the vaccine series started before age 15. The objective was to compare HPV vaccination rates among medically underserved, economically disadvantaged, students in rural middle school districts (Rio Grande Valley [RGV], Texas) by age of initiation (≤ age 11 years vs. age 12 years and older). This quasi-experimental study included 1,766 students (884 females; 882 males) who received at least one HPV vaccine dose through our school-based vaccination program between 08/2016-06/2022. Summary statistics were stratified by age at initiation and gender. The overall HPV up-to-date (UTD) rate was 59.7% (95% Confidence Interval: 57.4–62.0%). The median age at HPV UTD (range) was 12 years (9–19) and median interval between HPV vaccine doses (range) was 316 days (150–2,855). Most students received the HPV vaccine bundled with other vaccinations (72.4%, 1,279/1,766). There was a higher HPV UTD rate among students who initiated the HPV vaccine on or before age 11 than those who initiated on or after age 12 (73.6% versus 45.1%, respectively). The median age of HPV UTD was age 12 for those initiating on or before 11 years versus age 13 for those initiating on or after 12 years of age. Initiating the HPV vaccine at age ≤11 years increased completion of the HPV vaccine series. Improving HPV vaccine coverage and introduction of pan-gender vaccination programs will significantly decrease HPV-related diseases in the RGV.

Challenges and lessons from a school-based human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program for adolescent girls in a rural Nigerian community

BackgroundOver 80% of new cervical cancer cases occur in women living in low- and middle-income countries. It is the second highest cause of female cancer deaths in Nigeria. School based vaccination programs are an effective strategy for delivering the HPV vaccine to adolescent girls. This study aims to understand the challenges to implementing school-based HPV vaccination programs, particularly in a remote rural setting where vaccine hesitancy is high.MethodsA 22- item interviewer administered questionnaire was used to evaluate HPV knowledge and willingness to get the HPV vaccinate among 100 female secondary school students as part of an HPV vaccination pilot in a rural community in Kebbi State, Nigeria. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were used to assess community knowledge and attitudes on cervical cancer and HPV vaccination. Data collected were analyzed thematically to understand challenges and generate lessons for vaccine delivery in the study setting.ResultsKnowledge of HPV and cervical cancer among junior secondary school aged girls was fair with a mean score of 66.05%. For senior secondary school aged girls, the knowledge score ranged from 70 to 100% with a mean of 96.25% indicating good knowledge of HPV and cervical cancer. All participants (n = 100) received the first vaccine dose but due to COVID-19, 33 participants were not able to complete the vaccine dosage within the recommended 6-month schedule. Of the parents who provided consent, none could afford the vaccine out of pocket. Challenges to vaccine delivery included operational costs exacerbated by lack of adequate health workforce and infrastructure in the study setting.ConclusionAn exploration of sociocultural perspectives and contextual realities is crucial to understanding the complexities of HPV vaccine introduction from the perspective of the target audience, and the local community. Strategies for introducing the HPV vaccine should address community concerns through effective communication, appropriate delivery, and targeted advocacy to make the vaccination program locally relevant. While school-based HPV immunization programs have been shown to be successful, adequate design, planning and monitoring is important. Additionally, considerations must be made to account for the high operational cost of vaccine delivery in rural, hard to reach areas where human resources and infrastructure are limited.

Translated article] Changes in the Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Genital Warts Since the Introduction of Prophylactic Vaccines

Background and objectiveGenital warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), whose genotypes have traditionally been classified as low risk or high risk (oncogenic). The first 2 prophylactic vaccines included the most common genotypes at the time: HPV-6, HPV-11, HPV-16, and HPV-18. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of HPV types in our setting 10 years after the introduction of HPV vaccines. Material and methodsDescriptive, observational, retrospective study of patients diagnosed with genital warts at the sexually transmitted infection unit of a dermatology department between January 2016 and June 2019. ResultsIn total, 362 patients were diagnosed with genital warts during the study period, and 212 (58.6%) underwent genotyping. Thirty-two distinct HPV types were observed, the most common being HPV-6, HPV-11, HPV-16, and HPV-42. HPV DNA was detected in 93.9% of the samples analyzed, and there were 299 genotypes (mean, 1.5 per patient). Overall, 26.6% of patients had more than a single HPV genotype, while 24.1% had at least 1 high-risk type. No significant associations were found between the presence of high-risk HPV types and any of the study variables. At least 2 of the 4 HPV types targeted in the original vaccines were detected in 94.1% of lesions. ConclusionsCompared to 10 years ago, the prevalences of HPV types included in the first 2 prophylactic vaccines have decreased, while the proportion of patients with at least 1 of the 4 most common types has remained unchanged. We also observed a slight increase in infections with multiple HPV types or at least 1 high-risk type.

Long-term trends in cervical cancer: Incidence rates and impact of human papillomavirus testing and vaccination in the United States (343)

<b>Objectives:</b> Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with the development of most cervical cancers (CCs). HPV testing and vaccination have been available since 2003 and 2006, respectively, in the United States (US). In this study, we investigate the long-term trends of CC annual incidence rates in relation to the introduction of HPV testing and HPV vaccination in the US. <b>Methods:</b> This study analyzed data in the US National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Age-adjusted annual CC incidence rates were calculated for the overall population or for each race from 1992 to 2017. Additionally, we calculated incidence rates stratified by age group for three stage levels. Joinpoint log-linear regression analysis was used to assess temporal trends in annual CC incidence rates. The average annual percentage change (APC) in incidence was calculated using the weighted least-squares method. <b>Results:</b> In patients aged 30-64 years, we found a statistically significant decrease in the incidence rate of CC between 1992 and 2017 (APC: -2.57% [1992-2006]; APC: -0.95% [2006-2017]; p<0.05; decreased from 17.6 to 11.1 per 100,000 population). We also found a significant decrease in the incidence of localized CC (APC: -4.66% [1998-2004]; APC: -1.11% [2004-2017]; p<0.05; decreased from 8.8 to 6.2 per 100,000 population). The incidence of regional CC decreased at a much slower pace (APC: -1.58%; p<0.05; decreased from 6.5 to 3.8 per 100,000 population), and the incidence of distant CC did not change significantly (APC: 0.54%; p>0.05; increased from 1.3 to 1.5 per 100,000 population). The incidence of CC decreased in all races for which data were available, with the sharpest decrease among the populations with the greatest incidence in 1992: the Black population (APC: -3.37%, p<0.05; decreased from 19.8 to 8.5 between 1992 and 2017) and the Asian or Pacific Islander population (APC: -4.57%, p<0.05; decreased from 17.1 to 8.8 between 1992 and 2008). <b>Conclusions:</b> The overall decrease in APC could be explained partially by the effectiveness of HPV testing, which enables early treatment of HPV infection to prevent tumor development, as well as HPV vaccines, which prevent infection. The decrease is more evident in localized CC stages.

Human papillomavirus, cervical screening and ethical considerations

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an extremely prevalent virus linked to multiple cancers, but most notably cervical cancer. The cervical screening programme in the UK has developed significantly since it was first introduced in 1964. This, together with the introduction of HPV vaccination, has made a huge difference to the early diagnosis and mortality for cervical cancer patients. Uptake of screening is paramount and this article addresses the barriers to this, and how these might be overcome. Other ethical issues around the topic of HPV, vaccination and screening include discrimination around sexual behaviour and orientation, education, vaccination availability and vertical transmission. This is an area of medicine that continues to develop and evolve as we understand more about HPV and how to tackle it.

EPH118 Incidence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-Related Cancers before and after HPV Vaccine Introduction Among Males and Females 15-44 Years Old in the US

The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine was approved for use in the US in 2006 to prevent HPV–related cancer. We assessed whether HPV vaccination has affected the incidence of HPV–related cancers among adolescent and young adult males and females in the US.

Modificación de la prevalencia de genotipos del virus del papiloma humano en los condilomas acuminados tras la instauración de la vacuna profiláctica

Background and objectiveGenital warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), whose genotypes have traditionally been classified as low risk or high risk (oncogenic). The first 2 prophylactic vaccines included the most common genotypes at the time: HPV-6, HPV-11, HPV-16, and HPV-18. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of HPV types in our setting 10 years after the introduction of HPV vaccines. Material and methodsDescriptive, observational, retrospective study of patients diagnosed with genital warts at the sexually transmitted infection unit of a dermatology department between January 2016 and June 2019. ResultsIn total, 362 patients were diagnosed with genital warts during the study period, and 212 (58.6%) underwent genotyping. Thirty-two distinct HPV types were observed, the most common being HPV-6, HPV-11, HPV-16, and HPV-42. HPV DNA was detected in 93.9% of the samples analyzed, and there were 299 genotypes (mean, 1.5 per patient). Overall, 26.6% of patients had more than a single HPV genotype, while 24.1% had at least 1 high-risk type. No significant associations were found between the presence of high-risk HPV types and any of the study variables. At least 2 of the 4 HPV types targeted in the original vaccines were detected in 94.1% of lesions. ConclusionsCompared to 10 years ago, the prevalences of HPV types included in the first 2 prophylactic vaccines have decreased, while the proportion of patients with at least 1 of the 4 most common types has remained unchanged. We also observed a slight increase in infections with multiple HPV types or at least 1 high-risk type.

Feasibility and acceptability of nationwide HPV vaccine introduction in Senegal: Findings from community-level cross-sectional surveys, 2020.

In Senegal, cervical cancer is the most common cancer among women and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality from all cancers. In 2018, Senegal launched a national human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program with Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance (Gavi), support. HPV vaccination was incorporated into the national immunization program as a two-dose schedule, with a 6-12-month interval, to nine-year-old girls via routine immunization (RI) services at health facilities, schools and community outreach services throughout the year. During February to March 2020, we conducted interviews to assess the awareness, feasibility, and acceptability of the HPV vaccination program with a cross-sectional convenience sample of healthcare workers (HCWs), school personnel, community healthcare workers (cHCWs), parents, and community leaders from 77 rural and urban health facility catchment areas. Participants were asked questions on HPV vaccine knowledge, delivery, training, and community acceptability of the program. We conducted a descriptive analysis stratified by respondent type. Data were collected from 465 individuals: 77 HCW, 78 school personnel, 78 cHCWs, 152 parents, and community leaders. The majority of HCWs (83.1%) and cHCWs (74.4%) and school personnel (57.7%) attended a training on HPV vaccine before program launch. Of all respondents, most (52.5-87.2%) were able to correctly identify the target population. The majority of respondents (60.2-77.5%) felt that the vaccine was very accepted or accepted in the community. Senegal's HPV vaccine introduction program, among the first national programs in the African region, was accepted by community stakeholders. Training rates were high, and most respondents identified the target population correctly. However, continued technical support is needed for the integration of HPV vaccination as a RI activity for this non-traditional age group. The Senegal experience can be a useful resource for countries planning to introduce the HPV vaccine.