Introduction Of Expert Systems Research Articles

Assessment of the existing reinforced concrete structures with usage of the fuzzy logic – based expert system

Fuzzy logic is the useful tool when assessing the existing reinforced concrete structures. The introduction of expert system in assessing the technical condition of the existing structures built on the fuzzy logic represents a transition to a new and higher-quality level for survey of constructions sites. As a result, it is seen that the assessment of the existing building with usage of the proposed expert system is in compliance with the estimation of the qualified experts.

Analysis of the military application of unmanned aircraft and main direction for their development

Modern military unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are assigned a wide range of functions, for the implementation of which they perform many tasks in various military conflicts. The results of the analysis give them the opportunity to reveal the problems in the use of UAVs, make changes in their functions and tasks and identify areas for further development. At present, this requires the introduction of the achievements of artificial intelligence, the introduction of expert systems and microelectronics on board UAVs, as well as their integration with various other means of conducting armed struggle. At the same time, some of the technological solutions for the creation and improvement of UAVs for military purposes can be applied in the civilian sector.

About some possibilities of diagnosing partial failures arising in complex agricultural machinery

The article is devoted to the issue of partial failure in complex technical systems. The authors analyze the diagnostic procedure in agricultural machinery for various purposes, the results of which provide a diagram of a multi-level organization for assessing the condition of equipment. It is also proposed to expand the range of estimated diagnostic parameters for making a more reliable managerial decision. The introduction of expert systems and other similar intelligent systems (for example, expert decision support systems) for diagnosing complex malfunctions is justified.

Organization support for automation of land management projecting in irrigated areas of Uzbekistan

The article describes in detail the ways in which agricultural enterprises operating in irrigated regions, including farms, create automated systems for the development and implementation of internal land management projects, the use of specialized expert systems based on artificial intelligence in assessing projects and their economic efficiency. Geographical information for the internal organization of farmland, in particular, the design of irrigation plots, crop rotations, forest plantations, field paths and irrigation canals, which are key elements in the territorial arrangement of the proposed sowing areas; ways to create such projects with wide application of GIS technologies in a short amount of time at low cost, as well as promptly eliminate deficiencies identified by expert systems. It is explained that the introduction of expert systems based on artificial intelligence into the practice of projecting of land management is more cost-effective than traditional estimation methods.

АНАЛИЗ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ЭКСПЛУАТИРУЕМЫХ ЖЕЛЕЗОБЕТОННЫХ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ НЕЧЕТКОЙ ЛОГИКИ НА ОСНОВЕ ЭКСПЕРТНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ОЦЕНКИ

Fuzzy logic is a useful tool when assessing the existing reinforced concrete structures. The introduction of expert system in assessing the technical condition of the existing structures built on the fuzzy logic represents a transition to a new and higher-quality level for the survey of constructions sites. The paper presents the principle of development and implementation of expert system for assessment of the damages of the existing structures. The process is based on the algorithm in which the input data (crack width and propagation, residual strength of materials, amount and condition of the steel reinforcement, deflection, corrosion level et al.) and information collected at each phase are processed and interpreted in order to define the successive step of the procedure. As a result, it is seen that the assessment of the existing building with precast concrete elements with usage of the proposed fuzzy system is in compliance with the estimation of the qualified experts.

Progress in Automated Urinalysis.

New technological advances have paved the way for significant progress in automated urinalysis. Quantitative reading of urinary test strips using reflectometry has become possible, while complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology has enhanced analytical sensitivity and shown promise in microalbuminuria testing. Microscopy-based urine particle analysis has greatly progressed over the past decades, enabling high throughput in clinical laboratories. Urinary flow cytometry is an alternative for automated microscopy, and more thorough analysis of flow cytometric data has enabled rapid differentiation of urinary microorganisms. Integration of dilution parameters (e.g., creatinine, specific gravity, and conductivity) in urine test strip readers and urine particle flow cytometers enables correction for urinary dilution, which improves result interpretation. Automated urinalysis can be used for urinary tract screening and for diagnosing and monitoring a broad variety of nephrological and urological conditions; newer applications show promising results for early detection of urothelial cancer. Concomitantly, the introduction of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has enabled fast identification of urinary pathogens. Automation and workflow simplification have led to mechanical integration of test strip readers and particle analysis in urinalysis. As the information obtained by urinalysis is complex, the introduction of expert systems may further reduce analytical errors and improve the quality of sediment and test strip analysis. With the introduction of laboratory-on-a-chip approaches and the use of microfluidics, new affordable applications for quantitative urinalysis and readout on cell phones may become available. In this review, we present the main recent developments in automated urinalysis and future perspectives.

Developing and using expert systems and neural networks in medicine: a review on benefits and challenges.

Complicacy of clinical decisions justifies utilization of information systems such as artificial intelligence (e.g. expert systems and neural networks) to achieve better decisions, however, application of these systems in the medical domain faces some challenges. We aimed at to review the applications of these systems in the medical domain and discuss about such challenges. Following a brief introduction of expert systems and neural networks by representing few examples, the challenges of these systems in the medical domain are discussed. We found that the applications of expert systems and artificial neural networks have been increased in the medical domain. These systems have shown many advantages such as utilization of experts' knowledge, gaining rare knowledge, more time for assessment of the decision, more consistent decisions, and shorter decision-making process. In spite of all these advantages, there are challenges ahead of developing and using such systems including maintenance, required experts, inputting patients' data into the system, problems for knowledge acquisition, problems in modeling medical knowledge, evaluation and validation of system performance, wrong recommendations and responsibility, limited domains of such systems and necessity of integrating such systems into the routine work flows. We concluded that expert systems and neural networks can be successfully used in medicine; however, there are many concerns and questions to be answered through future studies and discussions.

Introduction of Expert System to the evaluation of urban landscape in the local city

Introduction of Expert System to the evaluation of urban landscape in the local city

Three-dimensional computer modelling system for the study of biological structures.

A three-dimensional computer modelling system has been developed for use in biology, and is currently running on a Sun3 computer. The data originate as a series of two-dimensional micrographs which are digitised via a TV camera. The two-dimensional images are used to select features of interest and to construct a three-dimensional model. This model can be viewed in vector or solid format, it can be rotated about three orthogonal axes and can be viewed in three dimensions as a stereo pair or an anaglyph. The system has been used in a large number of projects over the past 10-15 years, for example, to examine physiological and nerve structures. The time-consuming part of the process is the selection of features, which involves a high level of biological expertise. Present developments are concerned with reduction of the time spent in feature recognition and involve the introduction of expert systems together with human-computer interaction to deal with problems of identification.

130 Introduction of expert systems and fuzzy logic into the operation environment of power plants and power systems (survey)

130 Introduction of expert systems and fuzzy logic into the operation environment of power plants and power systems (survey)

Introduction of Expert Systems and Fuzzy Logic into the Operation Environment of Power Plants and Power Systems (Survey)

Artificial Intelligence, in particular Expert Systems (ES) and Fuzzy Logic Reasoning is often referred to as the “new revolution” in many industrial applications. The introduction of this new technology into the operation environment of Power Plants and Power Systems demands special attention. The “new revolution” should of course, not end in a new deception in the area of the end users but should really offer them reliable and appropriate tools to improve their effectiveness. This paper shortly outlines the aim and the organization of the discussion on the practical side of ES and Fuzzy Logic at the Round Table Discussion.

The Application of Expert Systems and Fuzzy Logic to Electric Power Systems in Japan - Experience, Problems and Solutions-

This paper describes the current state of attempts to introduce expert systems and fuzzy logic methods to electric power systems in Japan. First experiences and problems in the introduction of expert systems are presented from the standpoints of on-line and off-line systems. Next experiences and problems regarding the introduction of fuzzy logic, which are fewer, are presented. Lastly, we consider the future prospects for the application of new information processing technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), fuzzy logic and neural networks.

The introduction of expert systems in animal husbandry.

The intensive nature of modern animal husbandry has changed the environmental conditions, so that protection against diseases, especially those caused by secondary pathogenic organisms, becomes an increasing concern. Production inefficiencies become more and more important. Because of their complex nature, many associated problems cannot be solved by farmers alone. With the introduction of information technology in the form of expert systems, new possibilities emerge for maximal productivity and animal health. Expert systems are a new type of computer programmes which are able to handle problems in limited domains at an expert level, using expert knowledge and reasoning processes, within strictly defined problem limits. Expert systems as they presently exist have the following components: a knowledge base (rule- and data-base), inference engine (deductive mechanism), user-interface (explanatory facilities, etc.). The application of knowledge engineering in animal husbandry may result in improvements in the general health and productivity of the herd and the financial returns of the farm, derived from the improved managerial control. At the same time the use of knowledge engineering may lead to greater understanding of the various epidemiological factors that influence farm results, either positively or negatively.