Introduced Control Scheme Research Articles

Distributed synchronization method of multi-motor driving system’s accelerated backstepping tracking control

This paper proposes a distributed synchronization control method and an accelerated backstepping tracking control scheme for the multi-motor driving system (MMDS). In the first step, we create a dynamic model of the MMDS with complex nonlinear dynamics, encompassing elements such as the dead zone, frictions, and disturbances. Next, in order to tackle the challenge of load tracking, we fuse a speed function, a cosine barrier function, a second-order tracking differentiator (TD), and a disturbance compensator into the backstepping approach. Lastly, to address potential issues related to diverse torque inputs, which could result in the overload occurrences, we put forward a novel distributed synchronization control scheme. This scheme aims to achieve torque synchronization for the MMDS while simultaneously ensuring superior load tracking performance. In the distributed synchronization control, a communication network is built to achieve the local coupling and improve the synchronization efficiency, and a corresponding mean deviation coupling synchronization control scheme is designed. Lyapunov theory is utilized to demonstrate the stability of the introduced control scheme. The simulation experimental results for the MMDS show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

A New Data-Driven Control System for MEMSs Gyroscopes: Dynamics Estimation by Type-3 Fuzzy Systems.

In this study, a novel data-driven control scheme is presented for MEMS gyroscopes (MEMS-Gs). The uncertainties are tackled by suggested type-3 fuzzy system with non-singleton fuzzification (NT3FS). Besides the dynamics uncertainties, the suggested NT3FS can also handle the input measurement errors. The rules of NT3FS are online tuned to better compensate the disturbances. By the input-output data set a data-driven scheme is designed, and a new LMI set is presented to ensure the stability. By several simulations and comparisons the superiority of the introduced control scheme is demonstrated.

Composite control of fuel quantity actuator system for diesel engines via backstepping control technique and generalised proportional integral observer

In an electronically controlled VE distributive pump, the fuel quantity actuator (FQA) is a significant component. It is responsible for governing the quantity of fuel being injected into diesel-type engines. There exist non-linearities in the system, and usually, non-linearities are neglected in modelling and control design, which makes the performance of the closed-loop system degrade. Therefore, the authors take the non-linearities of the rotary electromagnet and offsetting spring into consideration and establish the more detailed mathematical model in this study. Besides, the FQA system always confronts disturbances caused by external torque and input voltage variation in the real working condition. Furthermore, to deal with the non-linearities and reject the disturbances, a generalised proportional integral observer (GPIO)-based backstepping control approach is presented. By using a GPIO, the state estimations and disturbances estimation can be obtained at the same time. In addition, a theoretical analysis of the closed-loop system is given, showing its asymptotic stability, even under acting lumped disturbance. The introduced control scheme exhibits satisfactory performance in terms of transient behaviour and disturbance rejection. Finally, a set of simulation and experimental tests are carried out to validate the feasibility as well as efficiency of the proposed control framework.

Decoupled Control Scheme of Grid-Connected Split-Source Inverters

Grid-connected power conversion systems for renewable energy sources must fulfill several requirements, e.g., the high efficiency, the reduced cost and complexity, and, quite often, the boost capabilities that is usually achieved using a front-end dc–dc boost converter before the inversion stage, leading to a two-stage architecture. Meanwhile, single-stage power conversion systems, which perform the boosting operation within the inversion one, offer some potential advantages, in terms of reducing the complexity and the volume of the whole system. Among several proposed options, the split-source inverter (SSI) has been recently proposed by Abdelhakim et al. as an alternative option with some interesting features to the commonly used Z-source inverter. Taking into account that the SSI is controlled by a single parameter, i.e., its dc and ac sides are controlled by the modulation index, it is of paramount importance to investigate its control scheme in grid-connected mode, which has never been studied yet. Hence, this paper models the SSI dc side and proposes a modified modulation scheme combined with the commonly used synchronous reference frame control technique to achieve a decoupled control scheme of the SSI in grid-connected mode, i.e., the dc and the ac sides of the SSI can be controlled independently, which is convenient for many applications. The introduced control scheme is analyzed and simulated using a MATLAB/Simulink model, where a reduced scale 1-kVA grid-connected SSI is designed and simulated for the sake of experimental validation. Finally, the designed system is implemented experimentally to validate and verify the reported analysis and simulations.

Advanced control strategy on battery storage system for energy management and bidirectional power control in electrical networks

This paper introduces an advanced control strategy on battery energy storage systems (BESS) for bidirectional power control and stability improvement. The proposed control strategy efficiently controls the charging-discharging states of BESS as well as provides bidirectional control on both active and reactive powers. The introduced control scheme is equipped with supplementary stabilizers to damp out the oscillations and stability improvement. The problem of designing the controllers is mathematically expressed as a constrained optimization programming and solved by particle swarm optimization (PSO). The results show that the proposed control strategy can efficiently control both active and reactive powers independent of each other. As well, it is able to change the direction of both active and reactive powers from positive to negative and vice-versa. The designed stabilizers also improve stability of the network and damp out the oscillations following large-signal and small-signal disturbances.

Nonlinear modeling and simulation of battery energy storage systems incorporating multiband stabilizers tuned by Meta-heuristic algorithm

A new control strategy including multiband stabilizers is designed for battery energy storage system (BESS). The introduced control scheme includes two internal control loops equipped with internal proportional-integral (PI) type controllers for active and reactive power control. These control loops are also equipped with multiband stabilizers. All controllers (i.e., internal controllers and multiband stabilizers) are simultaneously tuned by Meta-heuristic optimization techniques. Several disturbances are applied and simulated. The viability and effectiveness of the introduced method is verified through various nonlinear simulations and comparative studies.

Inductance Surface Learning for Model Predictive Current Control of Switched Reluctance Motors

In this paper, an inductance surface estimation and learning for utilization with a stochastic model predictive control (MPC) scheme for the current control of switched reluctance motors (SRMs) is introduced. This MPC is equipped with state estimators and is implemented as a recursive linear quadratic regulator for practical deployments in hybrid vehicle applications. Additionally, a learning mechanism is developed to dynamically adapt to the inductance profile of the machine and update the MPC and Kalman filter parameters. The introduced control scheme can cope with noise as well as uncertainties within the machine nonlinear inductance surface. The introduced system will benefit from a fixed switching frequency and will offer low current ripples by calculating the optimal duty cycles using the SRM model. Finally, simulations and experimental results are provided to evaluate the proposed method.

Optimization of a vacuum thermal evaporation process through Model-based Predictive Control of the source temperature

The Vacuum Thermal Evaporation (VTE) process is a technique for the production and deposition of thin films, which are used in various industrial applications. Here, the coating process is performed by evaporating a raw material in a high vacuum (HV) environment. The major goal is to produce a thin layer through a well-defined deposition rate. Due to high demands on the layer thickness, the tolerance for the temperature within the vacuum chamber is less than 0.2 K. This requieres the design of very well tuned controllers. In this paper, a Model-based Predictive Control (MPC) approach is presented for controlling the temperatures in the VTE process that explicitly takes into account the limitations arising from the requirements. First, the heat transfers within the heater and the source are investigated and described by physically motivated equations. As the heat transfer in the HV is dominated by radiation, this approach leads to a nonlinear system. Reliable measurement data are used to parameterize the previously derived dynamic model of the temperature behavior. An advantage of this physically motivated model is, in contrast to a linear operating point model, to allow an extrapolation and therefore to adequately depict the system behavior in a large operating range. Based on this approach, a MPC is developed and implemented on a pilot plant. It is shown that the high requirement on the temperature accuracy is met by the use of the proposed MPC. Experimental results show the potential of the introduced control scheme.

안정 파지를 위한 16자유도 역구동 관절을 가지는 인간형 로봇 손 개발

This paper focuses on a development of an anthropomorphic robot hand. Human hand is able to dexterously grasp and manipulate various objects with not accurate and sufficient, but inaccurate and scarce information of target objects. In order to realize the ability of human hand, we develop a robot hand and introduce a control scheme for stable grasping by using only kinematic information. The developed anthropomorphic robot hand, KITECH Hand, has one thumb and three fingers. Each of them has 4 DOF and a soft hemispherical finger tip for flexible opposition and rolling on object surfaces. In addition to a thumb and finger, it has a palm module composed the non-slip pad to prevent slip phenomena between the object and palm. The introduced control scheme is a quitely simple based on the principle of virtual work, which consists of transposed Jacobian, joint angular position, and velocity obtained by joint angle measurements. During interaction between the robot hand and an object, the developed robot hand shows compliant grasping motions by the back-drivable characteristics of equipped actuator modules. To validate the feasibility of the developed robot hand and introduced control scheme, collective experiments are carried out with the developed robot hand, KITECH Hand.

A Static Var Compensator Using a Superconducting Coil

A superconducting coil has virtually no losses for a dc current. To utilize this feature in a static VAR compensator application the conventional conversion equipment between the three phase system and the coil must be modified to obtain variable ac currents with a constant coil current. In the description of a recently introduced control scheme of a bridge converter it is shown that by the method of variable free-wheeling the line currents of a converter can be made variable while the coil current remains nearly constant [1]. In this paper the novel static VAR circuit, called SAVAR (Superconductor Application for VAR control) is analyzed, and some derived voltage and current shapes are compared with experimental results. A 40 MVA SAVAR system, including the appropriate harmonic filters, is designed and compared technically and economically with a conventional static VAR generator. It is concluded that the dynamic characteristics of the SAVAR circuit satisfy the requirements of the voltage support operation in electric utility systems. At this time the economic advantages of a SAVAR system are marginal. However, continuing improvements in thyristor ratings and expected increases in energy cost are factors which could give additional economic benefits to SAVAR in the future.