Intrathoracic Renal Ectopia Research Articles

Intrathoracic Renal Ectopia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

: Renal ectopy is a rare phenomenon, which its diagnosis may be delayed due to an asymptomatic condition. The ectopic kidney may even have a normal functional state; however, because of occurring kidney blockade, the risk for kidney stones and even failure may be raised. In many cases, the diagnosis is completely incidental and is based on the request of radiography and sometimes, CT scan even for other reasons. In the therapeutic approach, in cases of kidney blockage, or urine backing up to the kidney, the surgical intervention is highly recommended by excisional removing the mass. Herein, we described a case of ectopic intrathoracic kidney initially presented with mild respiratory distress that was ultimately diagnosed by CT scanning and removed surgically.

Silent Tachypnoea in a Neonate: A Rare Presentation of Right Side Bochdalek Hernia with Intrathoracic Kidney

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a rare condition. The reported incidence of intrathoracic renal ectopia due to CDH is also rare. A right-sided thoracic kidney is much less common due to the location of the liver. Isolated intrathoracic kidney is usually asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally on chest imaging. The authors report on a 21days old female infant with late-presenting right sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia associated with intrathoracic ectopic kidney and adrenal gland. Prenatal ultrasound showed no pathology. A female baby was investigated for silent tachypnoea, a chest x-ray confirmed the diagnosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia, the postnatal ultrasound revealed a right-sided kidney herniation. On computed tomography (CT) scan intrathoracic ectopic kidney was diagnosed. CDH is an delivery room emergency. This case had complex anatomy of right side CDH and intrathoracic kidney and presentation was only tachypnoea. Hence we are reporting this case.

Intrathoracic Renal Ectopia Mimicking CSF Leakage on Radionuclide Cisternography Demonstrated by SPECT/CT

We report a case of 33-year-old man who had clinically suspicious spontaneous intracranial hypotension owing to aggravated headache after sitting and standing. Radionuclide cisternography revealed slightly asymmetric uptake at bilateral paraspinal regions of upper T spine, and a focal area of increased uptake at left paraspinal region of lower T spine. The site of CSF leakage was initially taken for the latter. However, SPECT/CT identified CSF leakage at upper T spine and a left intrathoracic renal ectopia.

Intrathoracic Renal Ectopia Demonstrated by Tl-201 SPECT/CT

Intrathoracic Renal Ectopia Demonstrated by Tl-201 SPECT/CT

Adult Intra-Thoracic Kidney: A Case Report of Bochdalek Hernia

Introduction. Bochdalek hernia is a congenital posterior lateral diaphragmatic defect that allows abdominal viscera to herniate into the thorax. Intrathoracic kidney is a very rare finding representing less than 5% of all renal ectopias with the least frequency of all renal ectopias. Case Presentation. We report a case of a 62-year-old man who had a left thoracic kidney associated with left Bochdalek hernia. Abdominal X-ray and chest X-ray revealed dilated loops of the colon above left hemidiaphragm. Abdominal ultrasound (US) showed the right kidney with many fluid and esophytic cysts; left kidney was unfeasible to study because of the impossibility to find it. Computed Tomography (CT) basal scan demonstrated a left-sided Bochdalek hernia with dilatated colon loops and the left kidney within the pleural space. Magnetic Resonance (MR) confirmed a defect in left hemidiaphragm with herniation of left kidney, omento, spleen and colon flexure, and intrarotation with posterior hilum on sagittal plane. Conclusion. The association of a Bochdalek hernia and an intrathoracic renal ectopia is very rare, that pose many diagnostic and management dilemmas for clinicians. Our patient has been visualized by CT and MR imaging. A high index of suspicion can result in early diagnosis and prompt intervention with reduced morbidity and mortality.

Intrathoracic Kidney Associated with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia – A Causal Relationship?

Renal ectopias are found in less than 1 % of autopsies performed [9]. In a series of 16 000 autopsies, only 22 ectopic kidneys were found and only 1 intrathoracic ectopia. The intrathoracic kidney is a rare and special form representing in less than 5 % of all renal ectopias. Boys are more frequently affected than girls. The misplaced kidney is found more frequently on the left than on the right side [5], [12], [13]. Conclusions regarding the embryogenesis of this malformation cannot be made on the basis of associated anomalies, which are extremely rare. So far only the following anomalies associated with an intrathoracic renal ectopia have been found: thoracic ectopic spleen, adrenal ectopia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, ureteropelvic junction stenosis, renal cysts, renal duplication, double-sided renal ectopia, cloacal malformations, myelomeningocele, pulmonary sequestrum, omphalocele, vertebral or costal malformations and dextrocardia [8].

An unusual thoracic mass

Intrathoracic renal ectopia is a rare congenital abnormality that is often discovered incidentally. Plain radiography of the chest is often indeterminate, particularly in cases where there may be more than one pathology. CT is the mainstay of diagnosis in such cases where malignant or benign features may be identified and, as in this case report, it can confirm confidently the diagnosis of a rare benign mass and negate the need for further investigation. Here, the clinical and radiological findings of intrathoracic kidneys are discussed, together with a review of the literature.

Prenatal diagnosis of ectopic intrathoracic kidney in a fetus with a left diaphragmatic hernia

Intrathoracic renal ectopia as a result of a congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a rare congenital anomaly. We present a case in which the prenatal diagnosis of an ectopic intrathoracic kidney was made on routine anatomical survey at 28 weeks' gestation. Color doppler sonography imaging revealed the renal artery coursing into the infant's thorax and was consistent with CDH, but fetal MRI suggested an intact diaphragm. However, neonatal evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of intrathoracic kidney with posterior CDH, which was repaired without complication. In contrast to diaphragmatic hernia with liver or bowel herniation, infants with intrathoracic ectopic kidneys generally do well.

Riñón ectópico intratorácico en un adulto: aportación de un caso y revisión de la literatura

We report the case of a 61-year-old male with the incidental diagnosis of intrathoracic renal ectopia during the workup study for a possible lung mass.We performed a bibliographic review on the incidence, origin, clinical presentation and diagnosis of this type of renal ectopia.Chest x-ray showed a left posterior mediastinum mass. Bronchoscopy was performed showing signs of extrinsic compression with absence of neoplastic cells. CT scan revealed a left intrathoracic ectopic kidney with diaphragmatic hernia.Intrathoracic renal ectopia is a very unfrequent finding, often asymptomatic, frequently an incidental diagnosis that does not require treatment.

Duplicidad pieloureteral y riñón intratorácico

Pyeloureteral duplication and intrathoracic kidneyIntrathoracic ectopia is an unusual ectopia that represents less than 5% of renal ectopia. The association of a duplex system and an intrathoracic renal ectopia is very rare.We report a case of a girl affected from these two anormalyties, being the first case published in the literature reviewed.Presentation, diagnosis and therapeutic aspects are discussed.