Intracardiac Rupture Research Articles

Recurrent cardiac hydatid cysts ruptured intraoperatively during anesthetic induction for open-heart surgery

Introduction: Cardiac localization of hydatid disease is rare (<3%) even in endemic countries. Affection characterized by a long functional tolerance and a large clinical and paraclinical polymorphism. Serious cardiac hydatitosis because of the risk of rupture requiring urgent surgery. The diagnosis is based on serology and echocardiography. The aim of this work is to show one of the fatal complications of this condition which arose intraoperatively during anesthetic induction. Methods: We report the observation of a 37-year-old woman operated on in 2010 for a cardiac hydatid cyst presenting a recurrence of cardiac hydatid disease with two left intraauricular cysts expressed by palpitations with dyspnea. Preoperatively: dyspnea stage II of the NYHA. Chest x-ray: CTI at 0.58. ECG: RSR. Echocardiography: Two largest left atrial cysts: 47/40 mm compress the origin of the right pulmonary vein, 2nd cyst of 36/28 mm. The existence of another small caliber lateral cyst. Positive hydatid serology. The patient developed an anaphylactic shock of unexplained cause, which required the assistive CPB facility. Intraoperative exploration: The two ruptured cysts in the left atrium with multiple left intraatrial daughter vesicles. Gesture: Removal of daughter vesicles with sterilization with hypertonic saline. Results: The postoperative consequences were favorable despite a prolonged stay in intensive care following a picture of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Conclusion: Intracardiac rupture is a very serious complication and can produce dramatic pictures with sudden death. It can be responsible for allergic reaction, systemic embolism, pulmonary embolism and systemic metastases. Keywords: Hydatid Cyst; Heart; Relapsing; Rupture; Surgery; Anaphylactic Shock; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Prevention

Endovascular catheter knot untying: A new technique

Indwelling vascular catheters may be maintained for extended periods of time especially for critically ill or hospitalized patients requiring frequent blood draws. If they become knotted within the vasculature, serious iatrogenic sequelae can result, such as: pneumothorax, atrial arrhythmias, ventricular arrhythmias, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hemorrhage, intracardiac rupture, pulmonary artery rupture, balloon rupture, bacteremia, and death. Surgical cut-down may be indicated for removal of knots that preclude catheter retrieval and are refractory to intravascular removal modalities. Three such knots were untied using the intraluminal technique described in this report. The technique utilizes balloon angioplasty in conjunction with a wire to safely and effectively untie knotted catheters. Keywords: Vascular catheters, Arrhythmias, Angioplasty balloon.

Cardiac manifestations of parasitic diseases.

The heart may be affected directly or indirectly by a variety of protozoa and helminths. This involvement may manifest in different ways, but the syndromes resulting from impairment of the myocardium and pericardium are the most frequent. The myocardium may be invaded by parasites that trigger local inflammatory response with subsequent myocarditis or cardiomyopathy, as occurs in Chagas disease, African trypanosomiasis, toxoplasmosis, trichinellosis and infection with free-living amoebae. In amoebiasis and echinococcosis, the pericardium is the structure most frequently involved with consequent pericardial effusion, acute pericarditis, cardiac tamponade or constrictive pericarditis. Chronic hypereosinophilia due to helminth infections, especially filarial infections, has been associated with the development of tropical endomyocardial fibrosis, a severe form of restrictive cardiomyopathy. Schistosomiasis-associated lung vasculature involvement may cause pulmonary hypertension (PH) and cor pulmonale Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia, which is characterised by progressive interstitial fibrosis and restrictive lung disease, may lead to PH and its consequences may occur in the course of filarial infections. Intracardiac rupture of an Echinococcus cyst can cause membrane or secondary cysts embolisation to the lungs or organs supplied by the systemic circulation. Although unusual causes of cardiac disease outside the endemic areas, heart involvement by parasites should be considered in the differential diagnosis especially of myocardial and/or pericardial diseases of unknown aetiology in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. In this review, we updated and summarised the current knowledge on the major heart diseases caused by protozoan and metazoan parasites, which either involve the heart directly or otherwise influence the heart adversely.

Aorta to right atrial shunt due to the rupture of a degenerative aneurysm of the noncoronary sinus of Valsalva

Aneurysms of the sinus of Valsalva are a rare aortic pathology. Congenital aneurysms caused by weakness at the junction of the aortic media and the annulus fibrosus occur more commonly than acquired aneurysms, which are typically secondary to disease processes that involve the aortic root. The both can remain clinically silent for many years. About half are associated with aortic regurgitation. Symptoms can be caused by mechanical obstruction, with compression of the conducting system, or intracardiac rupture. Herein, the case of a 77 years old man, with no specific cardiologic risk factor, who came to our attention with an acute congestive heart failure and a diagnosis of a ruptured aneurysm of the noncoronary sinus of Valsalva is described. After diagnosis was confirmed, he underwent an emergency repair of the lesion.

E0387 Percutaneously intervention was successfully performed in right coronary artery combined with right sinus of valsalva aneurysm

IntroductionSinus of Valsalva aneurysms (SVA) are rare cardiac anomalies. They may be congenital or acquired and are usually asymptomatic unless complicated by such developments as intracardiac rupture with formation of...

Rupture of dissecting thoracic aortic aneurysm into the right ventricle

Intracardiac rupture of a dissecting aortic aneurysm is rare. Although previous cases of rupture into the atria have been reported, we are unaware of any report of rupture into the right ventricle. We suggest that the pathophysiologic findings in this situation are similar to those seen in the intracardiac rupture of sinus of Valsalva aneurysms. The indications for urgent operation combine both the known progressive decompensation seen in this anatomic situation and the significant possibility of external rupture of the false sac of the aneurysm.

Hydatid chronic cor pulmonale

A case of hydatid chronic cor pulmonale is reported in which a primary cyst of the liver ruptured into a tributary of the suprahepatic vein and caused hydatid embolic obstruction of the branches of the pulmonary artery. Diagnosis was confirmed by catheterization of the heart, angiocardiography and autopsy. In only two of the ten published cases was the cyst located in the liver; in the remaining 8 cases the cor pulmonale resulted from the intracardiac rupture of a cyst of the right side of the heart. Hydatid chronic cor pulmonale is diagnosed by the coexistence of signs which reveal the presence of a metastatic pulmonary echinococcosis or of a liver or heart cyst rupturing into the systemic veins, into the right chambers of the heart or into the pulmonary artery. Without these associated signs, the diagnosis may prove difficult and the hydatid chronic cor pulmonale attributed to the wrong cause.

Intracardiac Rupture of Hydatid Cysts of the Heart

Intracardiac Rupture of Hydatid Cysts of the Heart

Intracardiac rupture of hydatid cysts of the heart. A study based on three personal observations and 101 cases in the world literature.

Intracardiac rupture of hydatid cysts of the heart is very frequent (38.66 per cent) and often causes sudden death (29 per cent). Cysts of the right ventricle rupture into the heart cavities far more often than do those of the left ventricle. Frequently, the cyst undergoes multiple intracardiac or pericardio-intracardiac ruptures. The consequences of the intracardiac rupture depend above all upon the contents of the cyst. If it contains liquid and microscopic elements, no mechanical disorders occur, but it may give rise to metastatic visceral echinococcosis. If it contains vesicles, or is degenerated, it may give rise to large emboli.

The mechanism of sudden death in dissecting aneurysm with intracardiac rupture.

The mechanism of sudden death in dissecting aneurysm with intracardiac rupture.