Composition Of Intestinal Microbiota In Patients Research Articles

The effect of oral progestogens on the intestinal microbiota composition in patients with endometriosis: pilot study

The effect of oral progestogens on the intestinal microbiota composition in patients with endometriosis: pilot study

Intestinal microbiota composition of children with glycogen storage Type I patients

AimDietary therapy of glycogen storage disease I (GSD I) is based on frequent feeding, with a high intake of complex carbohydrates (supplied by uncooked cornstarch), restriction of sugars, and a lower amount of lipids. There is limited information about the dietary regimen in patients with GSD, which might affect the intestinal luminal pH and microbiota composition. The aim of this study to investigate the intestinal microbiota composition in patients with GSD receiving diet treatment.MethodTwelve patients who were followed up with GSD I after the diagnosis receiving diet therapy and 11 healthy children have been enrolled. Intestinal microbiota composition was evaluated by 16 s rRNA gene sequencing.ResultsA significant difference was found for beta-diversity between the GSD group and controls. A significantly lower abundance of Firmicutes and higher abundance of Actinobacteria was found in GSD group compared to the controls. Akkermansia, Pseudoalteromonas, Uruburella, and Castellaniella were dominant in the GSD patients at the genus level, while Faecalibacterium, Bacterioides, Gemmiger, Parabacteroides in the control group. At species level, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii decreased, and Akkermansia muciniphila were dominant in children with GSD.DiscussionThere is a substantial change in the composition of the gut microbiota, reduction of F. prausnitzii and an increase of A. muciniphila in children with GSD receiving consumption of uncooked cornstarch. Alterations of the intestinal microbiota might be related with the disease itself or dietary restrictions in patients with GSD, however, in certain condition, dysbiosis can negatively affect the course and make it difficult to control the disease.

Intestinal injury and the gut microbiota in patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria.

The pathophysiology of severe falciparum malaria involves a complex interaction between the host, parasite, and gut microbes. In this review, we focus on understanding parasite-induced intestinal injury and changes in the human intestinal microbiota composition in patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. During the blood stage of P. falciparum infection, infected red blood cells adhere to the vascular endothelium, leading to widespread microcirculatory obstruction in critical tissues, including the splanchnic vasculature. This process may cause intestinal injury and gut leakage. Epidemiological studies indicate higher rates of concurrent bacteraemia in severe malaria cases. Furthermore, severe malaria patients exhibit alterations in the composition and diversity of the intestinal microbiota, although the exact contribution to pathophysiology remains unclear. Mouse studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiota composition can impact susceptibility to Plasmodium infections. In patients with severe malaria, the microbiota shows an enrichment of pathobionts, including pathogens that are known to cause concomitant bloodstream infections. Microbial metabolites have also been detected in the plasma of severe malaria patients, potentially contributing to metabolic acidosis and other clinical complications. However, establishing causal relationships requires intervention studies targeting the gut microbiota.

RF28 | PSUN183 Intestinal microbiota composition in patients with type 2 diabetes and effects of 12 weeks of oral anti-diabetic treatment

Abstract Introduction The cause-effect relationships of dysbiosis and type 2 diabetes are complex and remain to be elucidated, very likely a two-way interaction. The aim of the study was to evaluate intestinal microbiota composition in patients with type 2 diabetes. Material and Methods This is a case-control study among patients with type 2 diabetes. Individuals were eligible if they were aged ≥18 years, were newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, had HbA1c levels ≥6.5 and ≤10.0%, and have been treated for oral antidiabetic agents for 3 months. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline in intestinal microbiota compositon after 12 weeks of treatment and comparison with healthy controls. Secondary endpoints were; change from baseline in intestinal microbiota composition after 12 weeks of oral antidiabetic monotherapy and comparison with healthy controls. A minimum of 5 mL fresh stool sample was collected at Day O of the study and 12 weeks later in a 15 mL Falcon tube and rapidly transferred to −80 °C to be stored in an upright position until DNA extraction. The V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were amplified following the 16S Metagenomic Sequencing Library Preparation. RESULTS: During the study period, 44 eligible patients were planned to enroll the study. Detailed analysis has been performed in 24 patients with type 2 diabetes (receiving oral antidiabetic treatment, metformin or linagliptin) and 10 age-matched healthy controls. The Chao-1 and Shannon Index were lower in the type 2 diabetes group before and after treatment groups (p<0.01 for both). PCoA plots were constructed to demonstrate separation of groups of samples for unweighted UniFrac distance, weighted UniFrac distance, and Bray–Curtis dissimilarity distance and no statistically significant differences between or within the type 2 diabetes and healthy control groups. At the first visit (before treatment), at phylum level, Bacteroidetes abundance have been observed in diabetic group, while Actinobacteria and Firmicutes in healthy controls. At genera level, we observed Gemmiger and Collinsella predominance in diabetes group; however, Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides and Alistipes in healthy controls. After 12 weeks of treatment, at genera level, Lactobacillus, Rothia and Collinsella increased in type 2 diabetes group however, microbiota composition was still different comparing the healthy controls. In patients receiving 12 weeks of metformin, Prevotella and Lactobacillus increased at genera level while Dialister and Ruminocococcus decreased. DISCUSSION: We report that there is a substantial change in the composition of the gut microbiota in patients with type 2 diabetes. We observed the beneficial effects as relative abundance of short chain fatty acid producing bacteria increased (eg, Prevotella, Lactobacillus) in metformin group. The interaction of the anti-diabetic drugs with gut microbiota have been less studied, further studies will highlight the clinical effect of these alteration in intestinal microbiota composition in diabetes. Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m., Monday, June 13, 2022 12:37 p.m. - 12:42 p.m.

Intestinal Microbiota in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure and Systolic Dysfunction

Aim. To study the composition of the intestinal microbiota in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), as well as a relationship between the features of the CHF clinical course and changes in the microbial composition of the colon.Materials and methods. The study included 60 heart failure patients with systolic dysfunction diagnosed according to the results of echocardiographic examination. The control group consisted of 20 patients comparable to the main group by gender, age and underlying diseases in the absence of CHF. In all patients, the severity of CHF symptoms was assessed using a clinical assessment scale. The levels of the N-terminal fragment of the cerebral natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined. Echocardiographic examination and, if indicated, Holter ECG monitoring were performed. The intestinal microbiota in stool samples was studied by sequencing the 16S gene of ribosomal RNA (rRNA).Results. In comparison with the control group, CHF patients showed a decrease in the relative content of Tenericutes (p = 0.02, Mann—Whitney test) and an increase in the proportion of Euryarchaeota (p = 0.02) and Firmicutes (p = 0.03). At the family level, an increase in the proportion of Methanobacteriaceae (p = 0.03) and a decrease in the proportion of Pseudomonadaceae (p = 0.01) and Moraxellaceae (p = 0.01) were noted. No dependence of the intestinal microflora composition on the functional class of heart failure was observed. However, a correlation was revealed between the relative number of certain bacterial families and the severity of impaired contractile function, the level of the inflammatory marker and the biochemical marker of heart failure.Conclusions. The obtained data indicate differences in the intestinal microbiota composition in patients with and without heart failure. A correlation between the number of some bacterial families and various laboratory and instrumental indicators assessed in heart failure patients was revealed. Further research into the effect of intestinal microbiota on the course of heart failure appears to be promising for improving treatment methods.

Intestinal microbiota composition in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: establishment of bacterial and archaeal communities analyses.

Emerging evidences have indicated that the composition of gut microbiota was significantly influenced by central nervous system diseases. The digestion and metabolism disturbances of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) might be strongly associated with ALS; however, this has rarely been evaluated in these populations. This study was to evaluate bacterial and archaeal composition of gut flora and the corresponding metabolism performance of these micro-organisms in fecal samples of patients with ALS. A comparative study was performed on the intestinal microbiota from eight patients with ALS and eight healthy individuals at Huadong Hospital during November 2017 to April 2018; meanwhile, the metabolite concentrations of human endotoxin, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), NO2-N/NO3-N, and γ-aminobutyric acid were also evaluated by spectrophotometry methods. The correlations between intestinal microbiota and metabolite concentration were compared between the two groups using one-way analysis of variance; the relative abundance of beneficial and harmful micro-organisms in fecal samples was also analyzed. In general, the richness and evenness of bacterial and archaeal communities of healthy individuals were healthier than that of patients with ALS. The phylum Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, genus Methanobrevibacter showed an enhancive tendency in patients with ALS, whereas the relative abundance of beneficial micro-organisms (genera Faecalibacterium and Bacteroides) presented a significant decrease tendency in patients with ALS. In addition, the average concentrations of human endotoxin, SCFA, NO2-N/NO3-N, and γ-aminobutyric acid in patients with ALS and healthy individuals were 64.2 vs. 65.3 EU/mL, 57.5 vs. 55.3 μg/mL, 5.7 vs. 5.3 ng/mL, and 6.1 vs. 5.4 μmol/L, respectively, indicating that the digestion and metabolism functions of gastrointestinal tract of patients might decline with this disease. The relative abundance of beneficial and harmful micro-organisms respectively showed decrease and increase tendency in patients with ALS.

Microbiota Composition May Predict Anti-Tnf Alpha Response in Spondyloarthritis Patients: an Exploratory Study

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) pathophysiology remains largely unknown. While the association with genetic factors has been established for decades, the influence of gut microbiota is only an emerging direction of research. Despite the remarkable efficacy of anti-TNF-α treatments, non-responders are frequent and no predictive factors of patient outcome have been identified. Our objective was to investigate the modifications of intestinal microbiota composition in patients suffering from SpA three months after an anti-TNF-α treatment. We performed 16S rDNA sequencing of 38 stool samples from 19 spondyloarthritis patients before and three months after anti-TNF-α treatment onset. SpA activity was assessed at each time using ASDAS and BASDAI scores. Some modifications of the microbiota composition were observed after three months of anti-TNF-α treatment, but no specific taxon was modified, whatever the clinical response. We identified a particular taxonomic node before anti-TNF-α treatment that can predict the clinical response as a biomarker, with a higher proportion of Burkholderiales order in future responder patients. This study suggests a cross-influence between anti-TNF-α treatment and intestinal microbiota. If its results are confirmed on larger groups of patients, it may pave the way to the development of predictive tests suitable for clinical practices.

The intestinal microbiota composition in patients with multiple sclerosis receiving different disease-modifying therapies DMT

To describe characteristics of the intestinal microbiota in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with glatiramer acetate (GA) or fingolimode (FG) for understanding causal relationships between gut microbiota and autoimmune processes in MS patients. The study included 34 patients treated with GA (n=17) or FG (n=17). GA was used in a dose of 20 mg/kg subcutaneously once a day, FG in a dose of 0.5 mg daily. All patients were examined during remission. To assess the composition of gut microbiota, bacteriological and real-time PCR techniques were used. DNA was extracted from feces using DNA-EXPRESS kit. There was a decrease in numbers of Escherichia coli with normal enzymatic activity, which was replaced by atypical forms of E. coli, Enterobacter spp. and fungi of the genus Candida, and, during treatment with GA, by atypical forms of E. coli, Proteus spp., Parvimonas micra. These differences indicate the effect of the therapy on the intestinal microbiota composition.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis is characterised by intestinal dysbiosis independent from IBD

ObjectivePrimary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease often leading to end-stage liver disease. Its pathogenesis remains largely unknown, although frequent concomitant IBD hints towards common factors underlying...