Political Intervention Research Articles

Dewan Chaman Lall: From Trade Unions to the Indian Union, 1946–1966

This article is about the afterlife of Dewan Chaman Lall’s interwar internationalism. Exploring the trajectory of his public career from 1946, it shows how Lall, an Oxford-educated trade unionist, and an ally of India’s first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, took a nationalist turn in his later political interventions on/after (a) Partition of British India, (b) the dispute on the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, and (c) on the government of India’s worsening border relations with the People’s Republic of China. Simultaneously, his understandings on issues like press freedom/official secrets, evacuee property exchange/sale, Sikh linguistic autonomy and labour/capital equation turned status quo-ist. By putting together his contributions on these national questions and juxtaposing them vis-à-vis his earlier avatar, this article also signifies the shift that took place in the perspectives of those who, like Lall, hitherto enveloped by empire, emerged in nation-statehood post-1945.

Effective and Efficient Cabinet as One of the Efforts to Prevent Corruption

Corruption never seems to disappear in Indonesia, because almost every day there is news in various print and electronic media regarding public officials, legislative members and even law enforcers who are caught in corrupt practices. Therefore, more massive efforts are needed to prevent and eradicate corruption. This writing uses the Normative Juridical Research method which examines legal rules and principles in answering legal problems that occur using a Conceptual Approach to draw conclusions about the problems studied. We should all be aware that the moment of the General Election (Pemilu) is a very important moment considering the fact that 78 years of Indonesian independence is certainly a moment that must be interpreted deeply, the moment of forming an effective and efficient Cabinet is one of the determining factors for the success of the entire 5 Year government agenda. future and realizing the ideals of the Indonesian nation that have always been echoed, including realizing a government that is clean and free from corruption. Because the disease of corruption that has grown and taken root in this country is caused by many factors, one of which can be caused by the relationship between various systems that are related to corrupt cultural patterns in various functions of power in this country, for example co-optation and strong political intervention. This writing concludes that one of the important points in fixing various corruption problems is by repairing damage to the function and structure of government in this country. Forming an effective and efficient Cabinet in Government can be one of the keys to preventing Corruption

The concentration booth and the handshaking lane: ideologies of the phatic

Abstract Scholars of language and culture have effectively used the language ideology concept to critique the referentialist assumption in the post-Enlightenment conceptualization of language and society. Continuing with this critical project, this article attempts a further reorientation of our analytic metalanguage to explore the ideology of the phatic, the way in which salient emphasis is placed on problems regarding communicative channels of contact. The article identifies this ideology in the increasingly visible role played by phatic labor and its concrete manifestations in scenes of service and affective labor in contemporary Japan. Two separate instances are analyzed to reveal their common engagement with channels of contact as a metapragmatic concern. First, I analyze one Japanese restaurant chain’s attempt to design and control the material zone of contact in dining experience, as indicative of the larger tendency in the contemporary economy to standardize consumer desire at the level of the phatic. Second, I look to the culture of celebrity, especially popular idols, and examine the institutionalization of fan-idol contact that has become a hegemonic marketing strategy. These cases witness rituals of public encounter that either work to hybridize human speech acts with nonhuman speech-actants inhabiting the material environment of contact, or to regulate forms of interaction deemed detrimental to the channel of affect through monitoring, interruption, and other forms of phatic policing. I use this analysis to draw attention to the necessity of taking the phatic function seriously in the scholarly exploration of language ideology. While scholars in various fields have frequently spoken of the centrality of communicative labor in postindustrial societies, the analytic focus on ideologization of the phatic offers a more precise theoretical and empirical framework for examining how communication is fetishized as the central site of political and economic intervention.

Politics and Robots

We present empirical evidence at the firm-level regarding the influence of political advancement on robotic adoption. Our analysis indicates that the imperative of political elevation considerably augments the propensity of local enterprises to embrace robotic technologies. The robustness of our conclusions remains consistent across varied estimation specifications. Moreover, the implications are particularly accentuated for enterprises situated in regions characterized by heightened political pressures and diminished labor-induced constraints, as well as for firms poised to derive substantial advantages from robotic assimilation. In aggregate, our research elucidates the underlying motivations for robotic adoption within the context of local political intervention.

Determinants and Prediction of CO2 Emissions in Tunisia: LMDI Decomposition Approach of an Error Correction Model

In order to be able to meet the commitments with regard to its Nationally Determined Planned Contribution submitted to COP 21, Tunisia is committed to effectively reducing its CO2 emissions. Our study detects the main potential factors responsible for the increase in carbon dioxide emissions in Tunisia using the decomposition method (Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index: LMDI). Then, an analysis of the long-term relationship between CO2 emissions and these main factors is established through an error correction model. The forecast of this cointegration relationship by 2030 shows that Tunisia has significant potential for reducing CO2 emissions, especially through the phenomenon of reduction in energy intensity. However, political intervention beyond energy control is necessary in order to achieve Tunisia's environmental objectives.

Greening informality through metabolic coordination: An urban political ecology of governing extralegal housing forms in Taiwan

Despite its significance in informing inclusive political interventions in informal settlements in different political economic contexts, the urban informality literature falls short in exploring state intervention in or policy responses towards desire-based informal housing forms characterised by extralegal construction. This article uses Kaohsiung City in Taiwan as a case study to explore how the local government has collaborated with the private sector to govern the extralegal construction prevailing in community buildings. These interventions include the use of rooftop solar power systems aimed at remodelling existing buildings and green building design prototypes created to prevent future informalities. Using an urban political ecology lens, I analyse how the municipality appropriates the values and properties of solar power systems and green architecture to unite actors, relating extralegal construction to urban metabolism. I develop the concept of ‘metabolic coordination’ to show how the state coordinates actors, resources, technologies and capital to embed an internal circuit of funding flows governing extralegal construction in a larger external circuit of capital circulation consisting of growing solar photovoltaic and green housing markets. The adopted lens of urban political ecology interrogates three interrelated aspects of embedding informality in renewed urban space: municipal interventions remaking informalities, property-led greening of informalities and its negotiation, and inequality in accessing interventions. The city uses pragmatic and adaptive approaches to control extralegal construction. These approaches allow the city to leverage informality for growth and sustainability. However, the governing schemes create new forms of injustice and inequality.

The Relationship between Political Configuration and the Characteristics of Judicial Power and the Implications for the Judicial Process in Indonesia to Realize Social Justice in Society

This article discusses the relationship between political configuration and the characteristics of judicial power exercised by the Supreme Court and Constitutional Court in Indonesia. In writing this article, a normative approach is used in the form of legal history and comparative law. There is a very close relationship between political configuration and the characteristics of judicial power in Indonesia so that it can influence judicial power in Indonesia. The form of political configuration intervention in judicial power is not implementing the decisions of the judiciary and replacing judges in the Supreme Court and Constitutional Court in Indonesia. This causes the level of public (society) trust in judicial power and law in Indonesia to decline drastically and of course, cannot realize social justice in Indonesia.

SettingsThe Efficacy of Community Participation Towards Land Use Planning in South African Local Municipalities

The aim of the paper to examine the efficacy of community participation in land use planning and logically conceptualize it. Participation in the society is understood to be the advantage of a group of citizens to engage in matters that express their eventual growth. As a policy to increase community participation at the community level, the current democratic government has implemented comprehensive municipal planning. For the municipality, land use planning has many significances, especially in resolving human settlement debacles, fostering citizen engagement to decide needs and goals, and addressing the historical spatial inequality brought on by apartheid spatial planning. The execution of land use planning, however, has faced several obstacles, including weak cooperation in areas under the jurisdiction of conventional authorities, unlawful land possession and political intervention, among others. The study argues that if land use planning in South Africa can be well integrated and coordinated the spatial justice can be reached and imbalances of the past can be redressed efficaciously. Nonetheless, the study concludes that communities are also upset with their extent of engagement. Despite the many municipalities general success in achieving citizen engagement, there is already an incomplete backlog in civic interaction owing to unethical activities, budget constraints, lack of capacity and improper targeting.

RELASI MEDIA MASSA JELANG PEMILU 2024 ANTARA PEMERINTAH DAN MASYARAKAT

Talking about the relationship between the media and the political sphere is a dilemmatic relationship. This is due to the attitude of media reporting which is not completely neutral from political intervention or capital patronage. Of course, this is something paradoxical considering that the media is the fourth pillar of democracy after the trias politica. The media should act as a watchdog in power so that checks and balances are created in the country and society. The media's observation is related to its central function as social correlations which lead the public to translate the various realities of life-span and national into the consumption of good print and electronic information. So, the media here has power over public knowledge through text and image framing so that it becomes the main public reference in shaping their views on the way government works. Information is the key word that links media relations with politics through the formation of public opinion on the news. This study aims to explain and analyze the tendency of mass media coverage in the context of the 2024 Presidential Election. The research method used is Robert N. Entman's framing analysis. The Research has shown that with mass media relations in politics by looking at media neutrality mass can at least be detected through; Mass media in determining news sources; Media using column and page limitations, mass media will observe the urgency of someone or a candidate couple in the election; There's room and place settings that are fairly wide against the activities of someone or a candidate couple, like the announcement on the first page of a newspaper.

Intervention of innovative education in ideological and political education in colleges and universities on anxiety symptoms of college students with mental disorders

BackgroundWith the increase in social pressure, the anxiety symptoms of college students with mental disorders are increasing year by year. This has harmed their living standards and learning outcomes. The current intervention measures largely overlook the impact of ideological and political education in universities.Subjects and MethodsThe study used a randomized controlled trial design. The experimental group (n=60) adopted innovative ideological and political education interventions, including group discussions, role-playing, and theme reports, with an intervention period of 12 months. The control group (n=60) received routine psychological counseling services. All participants were evaluated at the beginning, duration of 6 months, and end of the study. The Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) was mainly used for evaluation. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was conducted on the data using SPSS 22.0.ResultsAfter the intervention, compared with the control group, the anxiety symptoms of the experimental group of college students were significantly reduced. After 12 months of intervention, the HAM-A score of the experimental group decreased by an average of 12.1 points, while the average decrease in the HAM-A score of the control group was 3.2 points. The follow-up evaluation also confirmed this result.ConclusionsThis study shows that innovative ideological and political education interventions are significantly superior to conventional psychological counseling services, and effectively reduce anxiety symptoms of college students with mental disorders in clinical practice.AcknowledgementThe 2020 Hubei Skilled Talent Training and Research Center Project (No. 20BJN014); 2020 China University Industry, University and Research Innovation Fund - New Generation Information Technology Innovation Project (No. 2020ITA02052).

Innovative ideological and political education for intervention in autism

BackgroundCollege students are among the high-risk population for autism, making it crucial to explore effective intervention methods for their development. This study aims to provide effective intervention strategies and support through innovative ideological and political education for college students with autism.Participants and MethodsThe study included 100 college students with autism who received innovative ideological and political education as the experimental group, and another 100 college students with autism as the control group. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) was used to evaluate both groups, and the innovative ideological and political education intervention was conducted. The intervention consisted of 4 cycles as one treatment course with 5 days in one cycle. Autism scores were tested for both groups at each cycle until three treatment courses were completed.ResultsAfter one treatment course, the average scores for the experimental and control groups were 74 and 73, respectively. After three treatment courses, the average scores were 58 and 72 for the experimental and control groups, respectively. The experimental group showed significant improvement in autism symptoms and enhanced social and communication abilities after receiving the innovative ideological and political education intervention. There were no significant changes in autism symptoms and social abilities in the control group.ConclusionsInnovative ideological and political education has a positive intervention effect on autism among college students. These research findings provide evidence-based intervention methods and support for college students with autism, helping them better integrate into social environments and develop their potential.

한국과 영국 정보기관의 조직체계와 직무에 관한 연구

This study aims to find the cause of problems such as political intervention and human rights violations related to the National Intelligence Service in Korea. To this end, the organization and duty of Korean and British intelligence agencies were analyzed using literature review research methods. As a result of the analysis, the study identified that the problems related to the National Intelligence Service were caused by the obscurity of the regulation - ‘domestic security information’ - under the National Intelligence Service Act and the abuse of investigative power during intelligence activities.
 British intelligence agencies collect, analyze, and exploit foreign and domestic intelligence and military intelligence, and perform espionage and counter-espionage. The role of the Security Service(MI5) is to protect national security from threats such as terrorism and espionage and to gather secret intelligence on threats to national security. The Secret Intelligence Service(MI6) works secretly overseas to gather intelligence, which is referred to as espionage.
 The controversy related to the National Intelligence Service is expected to be reduced due to the revision of the National Intelligence Service Act in 2020. In addition to this, the study proposes to separate the National Intelligence Service into each agency according to its roles of counter-espionage and foreign espionage.

Political economy of informal housing scenario in Sebeta, Furi, and Gelan Guda subcity of Sheger City, Oromia, Ethiopia

Access to housing is a fundamental necessity for individuals. Even though the motives of informal housing are complex, analyzing the issue from a political economy perspective needs to be adequately addressed. This study analyzed why informal housing continues and is challenging to eradicate. It motivated researchers to understand the phenomenon from a political economy approach, assuming it offers a holistic understanding. A mixed research design was adopted by considering the nature of the problem and the research objectives intended to be achieved. Three hundred eighty-four respondents were randomly selected to substantiate research questions. Empirical findings indicated that informal housing had become the prevailing housing market. Researchers identified that the motives of speculators, the shelter needs of individuals, the motives of brokers, the interests of farmers, and the level of structural hospitality are significantly associated with the prevalence of informal housing. However, gain motives, need motives, and structural hospitalities were significant variables that significantly predicted the intensity and prevalence of informal housing.In contrast, brokers' motives and farmers' cooperation did not significantly predict the informal housing scenario. Thus, prospective intervention is expected to reverse the scenario by implementing a political economy analysis-based intervention framework, expanding adequate, affordable housing for the urban low-income people who need shelter, developing land and housing database to reduce structural hospitality, and taking proactive measures against the structural actors who are rent-seekers and exploited opportunities of informal housing. Furthermore, researchers seek to analyze informal housing issues in a political economy approach to understand the problem holistically.

The Importance of the Palm Oil Industry for Malaysian Entrepreneurs

Malaysia is focusing on the agricultural sector, especially the palm oil industry, for economic development and employment opportunities. It is recognized that agriculture offers huge potential for creating thriving businesses within Malaysia. With full and active support from the government, there are insured big opportunities for existing and “would-be” entrepreneurs. The palm oil industry also brings myriad benefits to small farmers because farms are part of the overall supply chain. However, reinvesting in agribusiness needs a pool of young, innovative, committed, and enthusiastic local entrepreneurs. There are also characteristics unique to agribusiness that must be considered. Specifically, there are five elements present that make it different from other types of businesses: the requirement of related skills and knowledge, uncertainty due to variations in production, its unique cultural background, the possibility of political intervention and involvement, and its highly competitive structure.

A pluralist assessment of industrialization

The established method of health technology assessment (HTA) is in this study expanded to a Pluralist Technology Assessment (PTA) including the Ecosystem in the production function. Market economy can grow by moderate reciprocal relations where the Government supports the framework for free market enterprise. However, the PTA concludes that industrial side-effects such as global warming and job-related stress today more than outweigh contemporary gains by GDP growth. Sustainable development requires a stronger economic reciprocity with collaborative (public) finance of interventions for the common good in accordance with the democratic social contract claimed by Rousseau 1762. A development from moderate to strong reciprocity is definitely a biological option based on across-the-center collaboration between Social Liberal and Social Democrat parties. A critical economic-political reform for such sustainable development is a CO2 Tariff (ET) towards global warming. However, in a globalized economy there is a national conflict of interests between Eco-protection by ET and business/employment which slows down the implementation. So, a globalized economy requires that the ET is implemented from the international level. A major part of the international ET revenue, for instance by the partners of the Paris Agreement 2015, can be used for Direct Air Capture of CO2 (DAC) and spillover technologies for instance synthetic fuels for heavy transport by sea and aircrafts. At the national level, the ET revenue must be used partly for social compensation to low-income groups, partly for new technology development in special sectors as agriculture and transport by sea and air. At the population level, “Simple Living” as a bottom-up alternative to consumerism complements the political interventions. Part of Simple Living is meditative in-depth-relaxation for better stress-management where a professional collaboration between Medicine and Health Economics can accelerate the development.

Stanley Kubrick, the 1974 Finance Act, and the crisis of the British film industry: a case study of access, power and privilege in British media and politics

Between 1975 and 1977, filmmaker Stanley Kubrick secretly campaigned to overturn the new tax provisions of the Labour government’s 1974 Finance Act. His aim was to develop a crisis narrative in which the legislation that affected the amount of earnings foreign residents would pay tax on in the UK was deemed directly responsible for the imminent and absolute collapse of the British film industry. Drawing on archival sources from the Stanley Kubrick Archive, the Harold Wilson papers, and The National Archives, the article reconstructs Kubrick’s actions during this period to reveal how he planted stories in the press, lobbied MPs, ministers, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and the prime minister, manipulated trade union officials, and secretly wrote press releases and campaign letters under the name of the general secretary of the ACTT, Alan Sapper. The archival case study widens understanding of the narrative of crisis pertaining to the British film industry in the 1970s and how this was exacerbated and exploited by powerful and wealthy individuals like Kubrick for personal gain. The article also contributes to the broader topics of access, power, and privilege in British society and how the rich subvert and undermine democracy, thereby aggravating structural inequalities, inequalities that have only deepened since Kubrick’s political interventions and machinations.

Building the European ‘New Order’

Abstract Military occupation is the maximum level of political intervention based on coercion, but even under Axis rule, the institutional design of dictatorships by their ‘collaborationist’ elites was influenced by different models and political families. Military occupation opened a window of opportunity for the takeover of power by different segments of authoritarian and fascist elites, and the tension and forced pacts between different projects of dictatorial institutionalizations were a clear sign of this dynamic process. This article examines how the complicated relationship between the radical right, authoritarian conservatives and fascists were present in the institutional crafting of new regimes.

The messy coloniality of gender and development in Indigenous Wixárika communities

ABSTRACT Understanding the coloniality of gendered lives, family dynamics, social arrangements, and political structures in Indigenous communities begins with confronting and interrogating a history written largely by and for men in positions of power. The archives are limited in terms of what can be gleaned about gender equality and what existed before the proliferation of European patriarchy. Indigenous Wixárika people tread a delicate balance between a lifeworld that is organised around a ritual–agricultural cycle, and the accelerating incorporation of the imperial mode of living and the coloniality of being, into their communities and culture. The ‘coloniality of gender’ explains how Indigenous women and men have been drawn into and shaped through contact zones, these sites of imperial intervention that have brought social, cultural, and structural changes to gender. Problematically, this concept assumes a one-way process of domination, whereby modern European power structures were imposed on Indigenous people. A critical exploration reveals how gender dynamics and equality were influenced by a much messier process, entangled with Wixárika’s cultural and religious systems as well as the leveraging of political collateral. This paper will draw on findings from a historical and ethnographic study of the coloniality of gender in Indigenous Wixárika communities. We will critically examine archival evidence alongside oral histories to suggest how social, development, and political interventions from the late 20th century challenge the idea of the ‘coloniality of gender’, and discuss how past and present actants collide and dialogue to bring about social change and greater gender equality.

Perspective: Food and Nutrition Insecurity in Europe: Challenges and Opportunities for Dietitians.

In recent years, the interest in food and nutrition insecurity in high-income countries has skyrocketed. However, its recognition in Europe is still developing. This perspective summarizes the evidence on food and nutrition insecurity across Europe in terms of prevalence, consequences, and current mitigation strategies, with the aim of outlining the challenges and opportunities for dietitians. Prevalence in the general population ranges between 5% and 20%, with higher rates identified in women, children, older adults, single-parent households, those with low educational attainment, and on low or unstable income and/or employment. In users of food aid, the prevalence of food insecurity is above 70%. Responses to food and nutrition insecurity include welfare policies and food assistance programs at regional and national levels. However, most current strategies are not successful in tackling the structural drivers of food and nutrition insecurity, nor do they guarantee diet quality. Despite limited involvement to-date, dietitians can play an important role in addressing food and nutrition insecurity across Europe. This narrative identifies 4 areas: 1) create awareness of the existence and severity of food and nutrition insecurity, 2) advocate for comprehensive, robust data on the determinants and prevalence, 3) partner with diverse stakeholders, social assistance providers, local authorities, and nongovernmental organizations in a comprehensive, intersectoral, and integrated manner, 4) participate in the development of political instruments and interventions that ensure equitable access to high-quality safe food.

The “Palestine Test” Revisited: Faculty, Students and Activists Talk about Their Experiences of Harassment, Intimidation and Suppression of Speech on Palestine

This article acknowledges the prescience of MJ Nadeau and Alan Sears’ 2009 article “The Palestine Test, Countering the Silencing Campaign”. It introduces recent research with Canadian academics and activists about their experiences of suppression of speech on Palestine. These include political interventions in academic hiring, threats of violence, harassment by pro-Israel advocates and media outlets and classroom surveillance by pro-Israel campus groups, all of which are violations of academic freedom and grave impediments to the production of knowledge.