Mothers In Intervention Group Research Articles

Maternal singing reduced pain indexes in 2-month-old infants and increased proximity during vaccinations.

Immunisation is a global health priority, but methods of non-pharmacological pain relief are not widely used in routine clinical practice. In this study, we set out to investigate the effects of maternal singing during the routine vaccination of infants. We recruited 67 mother-infant pairs at Health Centres in the Aosta Region of Italy. Infants aged 2-4 months were randomly allocated to a singing intervention group or to a control group whose injections were administered following standard practice. Pre- and post-immunisation pain was blindly assessed using the Modified Behavioural Pain Scale, and mother-infant proximity indexes were assigned based on muted video-tracks. When assessed for pain, the infants in the maternal singing group were assigned significantly lower movement indexes (p = 0.032) and marginally significantly lower cry indexes (p = 0.076). A higher frequency of mother-to-infant gaze (p < 0.005) was observed in the singing group dyads. Finally, the intervention group mothers' self-perceived ease in singing was correlated with their previous singing experience and with lower anxiety following the vaccination procedure (p < 0.05). Maternal singing during immunisation procedures benefits both mothers and babies. The practice of singing is a biologically rooted and adaptive form of intuitive parental communication that should be encouraged, especially in at-risk populations.

Effectiveness of Planned Early Ambulation on Postoperative Recovery among Cesarean Mothers: A Quasi-experimental study in Mangaluru

Abstract Background Mothers with cesarean section need more attention and care. Early ambulation is the essential to restore the maximum muscle function and improve the health during postoperative period. Early ambulation certainly has proven to be effective in preventing postoperative complications. Aim To evaluate the effectiveness of early ambulation on postoperative recovery among cesarean mothers. Methods Nonprobability purposive sampling technique was used to select 60 cesarean mothers, with 30 samples in each of the experimental and control group. Mothers in the intervention group received bed exercises by the investigator such as flexion and extension of the extremities, upper limb exercises, lower limb exercise, turning the patient, sitting with dangling the feet, and deep breathing exercises which was initiated at 10 hours of cesarean section followed by standing and walking at 12 hours of cesarean section for twice a day, whereas the control group received routine treatment as per the hospital protocol. Demographic proforma was used to assess the demographic characteristics, and structured postoperative recovery assessment tool was used to assess four major components such as pain, breast feeding, postnatal changes, and activity of daily living. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Statistical Analysis Significant difference in the postoperative recovery score was calculated by using RM-ANOVA and independent t-test and the association of postoperative recovery score with selected demographic variables done by chi-square test.Results The majority of mothers in intervention (66.7%) and control group (63.3%) were 24 to 29 years old and had secondary education (60% each). There was significant difference in breast feeding (p = 0.001), involution of uterus (p = 0.047), amount of lochia (p = 0.027), and activity of daily living in the intervention group (p &lt; 0.05) compared with the control group. Conclusion Early ambulation improves the postoperative recovery and helps to achieve a good sense of well-being.

A randomized controlled study: Evaluating the efficacy of a mobile application developed for mothers who have children with epilepsy in Turkiye

PurposeThis study was conducted for the purposes of developing the Mobile Epilepsy Education Package (MEEP) for mothers who have children with epilepsy, and evaluating the efficacy of such a package. Design and methodsThe research consisted of a randomized, controlled experimental study. DISCERN measuring tool was used to evaluate the content of MEEP. The evaluation of the package was conducted with a total of 60 mothers-30 participants in the intervention group and 30 controls. This study was conducted in the Pediatric Neurology Outpatient Clinic of a hospital with mothers who had children with epilepsy, ages 3-6. A Description Form, the Epilepsy Knowledge Scale for Parents, and Parental Anxiety over Seizures Scale were used in the data collection. ResultsThe general quality evaluation of MEEP according to the experts was rated 70.35 ± 6.20, with interrater agreement at a good level. Knowledge and anxiety scores were similar in the groups prior to the mobile application. Following the application, a significant increase was seen in the level of knowledge about epilepsy among the intervention group mothers (p < .001), while a significant decrease was observed in anxiety over seizures (p = .009). ConclusionsMEEP, which was developed to evaluate mothers' levels of knowledge about epilepsy and their state of anxiety over seizures, resulted in an increase in knowledge and reduced anxiety. Practice implicationsA simple-to-use, easy-to-access and low-cost mobile application has been developed that facilitates epilepsy diagnosis, follow-up and treatment, increases mothers' knowledge levels, and reduces anxiety levels.

Positive Correlation Between Maternal Self-Efficacy with The Children Oral Hygiene Behavior

Introduction: Maternal self-efficacy refers to a parent's self-efficacy in his ability to effectively manage various tasks and situations. Mothers have a very important role in influencing the habits and health status of their children because children depend on their mothers to meet their oral health needs. Methods: This type of research was a quasi-experimental study with 124 participants divided into 62 people in the intervention group and 62 in the control group, with inclusion criteria for mothers who have children aged 4-6 years. Maternal self-efficacy was assessed using a modified Self Efficacy Scale for Maternal Oral care (SESMO) questionnaire. Children's dental hygiene was calculated by the Patient Hygiene Performance plaque index. Data analysis used Spearman correlation test (p&lt;0.05). Results: This study showed that high maternal self-efficacy is mostly high school and college education. Mothers in the majority intervention group have good and moderate child dental hygiene compared to the control group. It was found that a significant correlation between mother's self-efficacy and child's dental hygiene (r=0.352, p=0.000). Mothers with low self-efficacy had a children with 3.10 times the odds of risk their dental hygiene was poor (OR = 3.10; CI =95%; 1.07-8.98). Conclusion: The children oral hygiene behavior was positively correlated with maternal self-efficacy. The finding of this study suggest that mothers with low self-efficacy are at risk of having children with poor dental hygiene.

Effect of oral health promotion interventions on pregnant women dental caries: a field trial

BackgroundDental caries is a costly and very common disease, especially in pregnant women. Reasons such as not paying attention to oral health, poor diet and also lack of adequate education in this regard cause this to happen. Performing well-designed educational interventions using primary health system’s forces, can improve oral health of pregnant women and help control this disease. We conducted this study to evaluate the effectiveness of some oral health interventions on pregnant women dental caries.MethodsA field trial study was done in comprehensive Health Centers in Varamin, Tehran, Iran to assess 439 mothers’ dental health status from pregnancy up to 2 years after delivery in intervention (n = 239) and control groups (n = 200). Mothers in intervention groups received oral health-related education consisted of nutritional and behavioral messages via either of four methods: A: comprehensive method including all following methods together (n = 74), B: group discussion by dentists (n = 59), C: face to face education by primary health care providers (n = 53), and D: social network applications (n = 53); while those in control group only received routine maternal and oral health care. We used a questionnaire to collect mothers’ demographic, socioeconomic and dental care behavior data and also performed oral examinations to assess their DMFT at baseline and 24 months after delivery to evaluate the effectiveness of these educational oral health interventions.ResultsFrom 454 mothers participated the examination session, 18 pregnant women discontinued during the follow-ups and 439 were remained with mean age of 27.47. In the intervention group, the frequency of daily brushing among women increased from 64% at baseline to 85.6% at the last follow-up and the mean D significantly decreased nearly 1unit at same period (P < 0.05). Most and least dental caries changes were in comprehensive intervention group and social network intervention group compared to other intervention groups, respectively.ConclusionsPerforming educational interventions during and after pregnancy using various message delivery methods and messengers (oral health professionals and trained PHCPs), could improve oral health status and behaviors of pregnant and lactating mothers in a feasible and applicable manner.

Persisting Effects of a Social Media Campaign to Prevent Indoor Tanning: A Randomized Trial.

A social media campaign for mothers aimed at reducing indoor tanning (IT) by adolescent daughters reduced mothers' permissiveness toward IT in an immediate posttest. Whether the effects persisted at 6 months after the campaign remains to be determined. Mothers (N = 869) of daughters ages 14-17 in 34 states without bans on IT by minors were enrolled in a randomized trial. All mothers received an adolescent health campaign over 12 months with posts on preventing IT (intervention) or prescription drug misuse (control). Mothers completed a follow-up at 18 months post-randomization measuring IT permissiveness, attitudes, intentions, communication, and behavior, and support for state bans. Daughters (n = 469; 54.0%) just completed baseline and follow-up surveys. Structural equation modeling showed that intervention-group mothers were less permissive of IT by daughters [unstandardized coefficient, -0.17; 95% confidence interval (CI), -0.31 to -0.03], had greater self-efficacy to refuse daughter's IT requests (0.17; 95% CI, 0.06-0.29) and lower IT intentions themselves (-0.18; 95% CI, -0.35 to -0.01), and were more supportive of bans on IT by minors (0.23; 95% CI, 0.02-0.43) than control-group mothers. Intervention-group daughters expressed less positive IT attitudes than controls (-0.16; 95% CI, 0.31 to -0.01). The social media campaign may have had a persisting effect of convincing mothers to withhold permission for daughters to indoor tan for 6 months after its conclusion. Reduced IT intentions and increased support for bans on IT by minors also persisted among mothers. Social media may increase support among mothers to place more restrictions on IT by minors.

Improving Underweight Mothers' Essential Newborn Care During Early Infancy: A Single-Blinded, Parallel-Randomized, Controlled Trial

To evaluate the effectiveness of using a standardized Essential Newborn Care (ENC) module taught by pediatric residents on ENC skills and growth of offspring born to underweight primigravida mothers. This facility-based, single-blinded, parallel, randomized controlled trial was conducted between May 2018 and March 2019. Eighty-eight underweight primigravida mothers and their vaginally delivered offspring were blindly allocated into the intervention group (IG) or control group (CG). The IG mothers received education on ENC through pictorial aids, demonstrations, and practice sessions. All mothers received information from ongoing public health programs. A trained hospital nurse, blinded to the study, assessed the mothers' neonatal care skills on the second postnatal day. The infants were followed until 6months. Weight, length, and head circumference were measured at birth and age 6weeks, 10weeks, 14weeks, and 6months (±1week). Mothers in the IG had significantly better ENC skills in all domains (P<.001). Their infants had a statistically significant increase in weight (at 10 and 14weeks and 6months), length (at 14weeks and 6months), and head circumference (at 6months). Infants' z-scores indicated significant improvements in anthropometry in the IG compared with the CG. At age 6months, the number of infants with weight <3rd percentile decreased in the IG (from 20 of 44 to 5 of 41) and increased in the CG (from 17 of 44 to 22 of 42) compared with birth percentiles. An educational intervention to strengthen maternal ENC knowledge and skills soon after delivery improved physical growth in infants born to underweight primigravida mothers. Clinical Trials Registry-India: CTRI/2018/04/013096.

Effectiveness of a longitudinal psychosocial intervention to strengthen mother–child interactions: The role of biological and contextual moderators

IntroductionEarly parent–child relationships shape children’s future. Child development and parent–child interactions are multidetermined, and the combination of biological risks and social disadvantages can further compromise both outcomes. Interventions that promote responsive parenting may mitigate the risks for child development. We examined the effectiveness of a longitudinal psychosocial intervention to strengthen maternal interactive skills and the moderative role of biological and contextual variables. MethodsThe present study is part of a large study designed as a pragmatic quasi-experimental trial. The intervention was implemented in a public mother–child healthcare service, which is a reference for high-risk deliveries. The sample was a convenience subsample of the large project, comprised 67 mother–child dyads. The Intervention Group (IG) and Comparison Group (CG) included 33 and 34 dyads, respectively. The intervention consisted of two individual Newborn Behavioral Observation (NBO) sessions and six group sessions with the mothers. It was delivered at childbirth and 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months of child age. CG received usual care at the same age. IG and CG mothers were video recorded playing with their 12-month-old children; maternal interactive skills were assessed using the Parenting Interactions with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO). PICCOLO captures mothers’ skills across four domains: affection, responsiveness, encouragement, and teaching. We performed a multiple linear regression to identify the moderative effect of the intervention on maternal interactive skills; the initial model included biological and contextual variables, the group, and the interaction between potential moderators and the group. ResultsIn general, most infants were boys, born preterm, and with low birth weight. On average, the mothers studied for 10 years, and most families were classified as having low or very low socioeconomic status. In general, IG mothers’ mean scores were higher than CG mothers’ in all PICCOLO domains, although without statistical significance. Lower maternal schooling moderated the effect of the intervention on mothers’ overall interaction and encouragement skills. Lower gestational age moderated the effect on PICCOLO total scores. Final regression models explained 22% and 14% of the variability of PICCOLO total and encouragement scores, respectively; no intervention’s effect was observed in other domains. ConclusionThe effects of our longitudinal psychosocial intervention on maternal interactive skills were moderated by infants’ gestational age and maternal years of schooling. These findings suggest that the intervention was more effective for vulnerable groups, specifically for mothers with less schooling and whose infants were born extremely preterm, confirming our hypothesis of the differential effect of the intervention.

Effect of a maternal counselling intervention delivered by community health workers on child nutrition: secondary analysis of a cluster randomised controlled trial in India

BackgroundIndia suffers from a double burden of malnutrition and anaemia. The Karnataka anaemia project indicated that a counselling intervention delivered by community health workers improved anaemia cure rates.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of maternal counselling on nutritional aspects of anaemia prevention.MethodsSecondary analysis of a cluster randomised controlled trial (55 simultaneously randomised villages using random number generator in Chamrajnagar district, Northern India). In the intervention group mothers of anaemic children received five monthly counselling sessions plus usual care (iron and folic acid supplements), while mothers of anaemic children in the control group received usual care alone. Daily intake of nutrients related to anaemia prevention, i.e. iron (mg) and vitamin C (mg), was estimated using the 24-h dietary recall method at baseline and 6 months follow-up. Linear and logistic mixed regression models were used to assess between-groups difference in changes in nutrients intake from baseline to end of follow-up. Data collectors and analysts were blinded to the group assignment.ResultsParticipants were 534 (intervention n = 303; usual treatment n = 231) anaemic children, aged 1 to 5 years and their caregivers, of whom 521(intervention n = 299 from 28 villages; usual treatment n = 222 from 27 villages) were retained at 6 months follow-up and included in the analysis. This study provides inconclusive evidence of improvement in the intake of nutrients that prevent anaemia from baseline to follow-up among the intervention compared to the control group; increase in iron intake was 0.24 mg/day (95% CI -0.67; 1.15) and increase in vitamin C intake was 4.61 mg/day (95% CI -0.69, 9.91). Although encouraging, it is notable that the overall intake of nutrients that prevent anaemia remained well below the national recommended daily allowance.ConclusionThis study provides inconclusive evidence of the effect of parental counselling on nutritional aspects of anaemia prevention. The results highlight the need to devise multi-component anaemia-prevention interventions that include facilitators of the availability of nutritious food and should be evaluated in studies that are adequately powered to detect nutritional changes.Trial registrationInternational Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number ISRCTN68413407, prospectively registered on 17/12/2013.

PENGARUH KONSELING GIZI TENTANG KONSUMSI DAUN KATUK DAN KACANG HIJAU DENGAN MEDIA BOOKLET TERHADAP PERILAKU IBU MENYUSUI DI KECAMATAN PERCUT SEI TUAN

ABSTRACT&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Breastmilk (ASI) is the best life fluid that is needed by babies, containing various important substances for the baby's growth and development according to their needs. The success of breastfeeding is influenced by the nutrients consumed by the mother during pregnancy and breastfeeding.&#x0D; This study was conducted to determine the effect of breastfeeding counseling using bookletters on breastfeeding behavior in Percut Sei Tuan District.&#x0D; This type of research is a quasi-experimental (Quasy experiment) with a pre-test research design and a post-test design with a comparison group. Conducted in March - August 2020, the samples were breastfeeding mothers in Percut Sei Tuan District in Cinta Rakyat Village as an intervention group and breastfeeding mothers in Cinta Damai Village as a comparison group. Samples and controls were selected by "purposive sampling" each of 30 samples.&#x0D; The data consisted of primary data and secondary data, processed and univariate analysis was carried out to see the frequency distribution based on knowledge and attitudes in the menu selection of breastfeeding mothers followed by bivariate analysis using the dependent t-test to compare knowledge, attitudes and actions of respondent eating before (pre) and after (post) counseling.&#x0D; From the research conducted, there were differences in the knowledge of mothers from the intervention group and the comparison group, there were differences in attitudes in the two groups, and there were differences in actions in the two groups after counseling using booklet media.&#x0D; Booklet-based counseling influences the mother's actions in breastfeeding her baby.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: breastfeeding, counseling, booklets, breastfeeding behavior&#x0D;

Results of a social media campaign to prevent indoor tanning by teens: A randomized controlled trial.

Indoor tanning (IT) increases risk of developing skin cancer. A social media campaign to reduce mother’s permissiveness toward their teenage daughters IT was evaluated. Mothers (N = 869) of daughters aged 14–17 in 34 states without bans on IT by minors were enrolled in a randomized trial with assessments at baseline and 12-months follow-up in 2017–19. A year-long adolescent health campaign was delivered to all mothers. The intervention group received posts on preventing IT and the control group, posts about preventing prescription drug misuse. Daughters (n = 469; 54.0%) completed the assessments at baseline and 12 months. At 12-month follow-up, intervention-group mothers were less permissive of IT by daughters (unadjusted means = 1.70 [95% CI: 1.59, 1.80] v. 1.85 [1.73, 1.97] [5-point Likert scale], b = -0.152), reported more communication about avoiding IT with daughters (4.09 [3.84, 4.35] v. 3.42 [3.16, 3.68] [sum of 7 yes/no items], b = 0.213), and had lower intentions to indoor tan (1.41 [1.28, 1.55] v. 1.60 [1.43, 1.76] [7-point likelihood scale], b = -0.221) than control-group mothers. Daughters confirmed intervention-group mothers communicated about IT (3.81 [3.49, 4.14] v. 3.20 [2.87, 3.53] [sum of 7 yes/no items], b = 0.237) and shared IT posts (unadjusted percentages = 52.4% v. 36.4%, b = 0.438) more than control-group mothers. No differences were found in IT behavior, self-efficacy to refuse permission, and negative attitudes toward IT. A social media campaign may be an effective strategy to convince mothers to withhold permission for IT, which may help increase the effectiveness of state laws designed to reduce IT by minors by requiring parental permission.

Nutrition Intervention among Children under 24 months suffering from Iron Deficiency Anemia in rural Cameroon

Almost 63% of young children living in Cameroon are anemic. However, young children in rural area are most affected. Current policy recommends the need to combine several strategies to reduce the burden of anemia in rural areas. A 20-week nutrition intervention program consisting of 4 weeks of nutrition education and 16 weeks of iron supplementation was carried out in 50 Cameroonian children aged 6-23 months in rural area, with mild iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Participants were distributed randomly by drawing lots into intervention and control groups with 25 participants in each group. A nutrition knowledge questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, hemoglobin (Hb) level, serum ferritin (SF), serum iron and iron status biomarkers were obtained in both groups before and after nutrition intervention. At the end of the study, the mothers of intervention group had greater knowledge on iron, IDA and dietary strategies to reduce IDA in children. Concerning anthropometric parameters, there were no significant differences in the weight/age, height/age and weight/height (p>0.05) before and after the intervention in both groups. At the end of nutrition intervention, a significant gain in Hb level was found in the both groups but significant difference was observed in the intervention group (10.63±0.18 and 11.46±0.19g/L; p=0.0001). However, the SF and serum iron were significantly lower in the control group compared to the intervention group (18.89±7.54 µg/L vs 28.93±5.81 µg/L; p=0.03) and (11.46±1.02 µg/L vs 19.65±0.78 µg/L; p=0.01) respectively. Iron status has improved in the both group. The incidence of anemia (28% and 76%; p=0.0007), iron deficiency (56% and 68%; p>0.05) and iron deficiency anemia (32% and 64%; p=0.02) was significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group. The study findings showed that, nutrition education combined with iron supplementation impact positively on the iron status of young children. It is therefore important to educate mothers or caregivers about good nutrition in addition to with others strategies.

Effectiveness of group art therapy for mothers of children with disabilities

The present study quantitatively examined the effectiveness of a group art therapy intervention using four standardized measurements assessing parenting stress, perceived stress, depression, and perceived social support. A total of 40 participants from multiple regions across Korea were included, and mothers in the art therapy intervention group (AG: n = 20) participated in 6 sessions of 100 min in length. The results of the statistical analysis showed significant differences between the two groups in parenting stress, perceived stress, and depression with those in the AG reporting a greater decrease in parenting stress, perceived stress, and depression than those in the control group (CG). In terms of perceived social support, no significant difference was found between the AG and the CG. Overall findings support the effectiveness of the group art therapy intervention in enhancing psychological well-being of Korean mothers of children with disabilities.

Improving infant sleep safety via electronic health record communication: a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundWith increased use of telehealth, interventions to improve infant sleep environments have not been explored. This study sought to assess the feasibility and efficacy of using electronic health record patient portals to transmit photographs of infant sleep between mothers and healthcare professionals as part of an intervention to promote sleep environments consistent with AAP guidelines.MethodsOne hundred eighty-four mother-newborn dyads consented to participate in a randomized trial requiring patient portal registration within 1 month of delivery. We first assessed feasibility as measured by a) the proportion of consented mothers enrolling in the portal and b) maternal adherence to prompts to submit photographs of their infant sleeping to the research team through the patient portal. Intervention group mothers were prompted at 1 and 2 months; controls were prompted only at 2 months. Efficacy was determined via research assistant review of submitted photographs. These assistants were trained to detect sudden unexplained infant death risk factors utilizing AAP guidelines. Standardized feedback was returned to mothers through the patient portal. We used Fisher’s Exact test to assess group differences in guideline adherence at 2 months.ResultsOne hundred nine mothers (59%) enrolled in the patient portal and were randomized to intervention (N = 55) and control (N = 54) groups. 21 (38, 95% CI 25–52%) intervention group participants sent photographs at 1 month and received personalized feedback. Across both groups at 2 months, 40 (37, 95% CI 28–46%) sent photographs; 56% of intervention group participants who submitted photographs met all safe sleep criteria compared with 46% of controls (difference 0.10, 95% CI − 0.26 to 0.46, p = .75). Common reasons for guideline non-adherence were sleeping in a room without a caregiver (43%), loose bedding (15%) and objects (8%) on the sleep surface.ConclusionsUtilizing the patient portal to individualize safe infant sleep is possible, however, we encountered numerous barriers in this trial to assess its effects on promoting safe infant sleep. Photographs of infants sleeping showed substantial non-adherence to AAP guidelines, suggesting further needs for improvement to promote safe infant sleep practices.Trial registrationName: Improving Infant Sleep Safety With the Electronic Health Record; Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03662048; Date of Registration: September 7, 2018;Data Sharing Statement: None

The effect of supportive program on maternal self-confidence in caring of infants with gastrointestinal anomalies: A randomized clinical trial

PurposeThis study aimed to determine the effect of supportive program on maternal self-confidence in caring of infants with gastrointestinal anomalies. MethodsIn this randomized clinical trial, 50 mothers of infants with gastrointestinal anomalies randomly allocated into control and intervention groups. The mothers of intervention group, in addition to the routine care, received supportive program. Maternal self-confidence was measured before and after the intervention, using Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale. ResultsThere was a significant difference in the pre-test and post-test scores of the intervention group (P < 0.001). Also, post-test scores of self-confidence was significant in both intervention and control groups after adjusting pre-test score (P < 0.001). ConclusionThe present study confirms the impact of a supportive program on increasing mothers' confidence. According to this, the four-dimensional support program can be offered as a systematic program in the neonatal units for mothers of infants with gastrointestinal anomalies.

Effect of video-feedback intervention on Turkish mothers’ sensitivity and physical intrusiveness: a randomized control trial

ABSTRACT We examined the effectiveness of the video-feedback Intervention to Promote Positive Parenting-Sensitive Discipline (VIPP-SD) in enhancing maternal sensitivity and decreasing maternal physical intrusive behaviors among Turkish mothers. Mothers (N = 68; Mage = 29.29, SD = 5.20) with their children (Mage = 20.04 months, SD = 6.62) participated in a randomized controlled trial with pre-, post-, and follow-up assessments (Nintervention = 40, Ncontrol = 28). Maternal sensitivity was assessed using the Ainsworth Sensitivity Scale. A coding schema was developed and used to assess maternal physical intrusiveness. The results indicated that mothers in intervention group benefited from the VIPP-SD in both increasing their global sensitivity (d = 0.51, p =.016) and decreasing the frequency of physical intrusive behaviors (d = 0.56, p =.007) compared to mothers in the control group. Overall, the VIPP-SD program appears to decrease the level of physical intrusiveness, in addition to promoting maternal sensitivity among Turkish mothers.

Effect of Stimulating the BL67 Point on Fetal Correction from Breech to Cephalic Presentation and Natural Delivery after the 36 Weeks of Pregnancy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Objective: Various techniques are proposed for changing fetal presentation. We aimed to assess the effect of BL67 point stimulation on correcting breech presentation and natural delivery in women at 36–38 gestational weeks. Methods: A parallel single blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted on 72 eligible pregnant women with breech presentation at the 36 weeks of pregnancy. The subjects were divided into two groups – intervention (n = 36) and control groups (n = 36) by block randomization method. The intervention group stimulated the BL67 point by self-administration for 20 min once a day for 2 weeks. Finally, the appearance of cephalic presentation and rate of vaginal delivery was compared between the groups (n 1 = n 2 = 32) using the Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The correction of breech to cephalic presentation occurred in 53.1% of patients in the intervention group. The adjusted relative risk (RR) for fetal correction from breech to cephalic was 1.80 (RR = 1.80, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13–5.17). It was shown that the stimulation of the BL67 point increased the correction of breech to cephalic presentation. In addition, the rate of vaginal delivery increased by >4-fold (RR = 4.16, 95% CI, 2.54–6.82) by correction to cephalic presentation. Moreover, 65.6% of mothers in intervention group and 90.6% in the control group underwent cesarean section. Conclusions: The stimulation of the BL67 point is a safe, inexpensive, and effective method that can be self-administered at home for fetal correction from breech to cephalic presentation in women with breech presentations during 36–38 gestational weeks. This promotes uncomplicated natural childbirth.

Efektifitas Senam Nifas Terhadap Involusi Uteri Pada Ibu Nifas Di BPM Siti Sujalmi Jatinom Klaten

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Postpartum mothers will experience changes in uterine involution, namely the process of returning the uterus to its pre-pregnancy state. The uterus will experience a reduction in size in about 6 weeks. However, it can be faster if it is balanced with postpartum exercise. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of postpartum exercise on uterine involution in postpartum mothers at BPM Siti Sujalmi.&#x0D; This research method is Pre-Experimental Designs (Nondesigns) with a Pretest-Posttest group. The number of research samples were 24 respondents who were divided into two groups. Sampling with purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was the observation sheet. Data were analyzed using the Mann Whitney test. The results showed that uterine involution in post-partum mothers in the pretest intervention group was mostly fast as many as 7 respondents (58.3%) and the control group was mostly normal and slow respectively as many as 5 respondents (41.7%) while the posttest intervention group was mostly fast. as many as 7 respondents (58.3%) and the control group mostly normal and slow respectively as many as 5 respondents (41.7%).&#x0D; The conclusion of this study is that postpartum exercise is effective against uterine involution in postpartum mothers at BPM Siti Sujalmi, Jatinom with a p value of 0.021 (p &lt;0.05). It is advisable for midwives to provide training through classes for pregnant women in the implementation of postpartum exercise to improve postpartum recovery or rapid uterine involution.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Proof of concept of a smartphone app to support delivery of an intervention to facilitate mothers' mind-mindedness.

The present study reports on the first evaluation of a parenting intervention utilizing a smartphone app, BabyMind. The intervention aimed to facilitate mothers’ mind-mindedness—attunement to their infants’ internal states. Mothers in the intervention group (n = 90) used the BabyMind app from their infants’ births and were followed up at age 6 months (n = 66). Mothers in the control group (n = 151) were recruited when their infants were age 6 months and had never used the BabyMind app. Mind-mindedness when interacting with their infants was significantly higher in intervention group mothers than in control group mothers. The intervention was equally effective in facilitating mind-mindedness in young and older mothers. These findings are discussed in terms of the potential for interventions utilizing smartphone apps to improve parenting and children’s developmental outcome in vulnerable and hard-to-reach groups.

The Effect of Interventions on Breastfeeding Self-efficacy by Using Bandura's Theory in Iranian Mothers: A Systematic Review

Background: Breastfeeding self-efficacy is a psychological effective factor on initiation and duration of breastfeeding, which according to Bandura's theory, is affected by four sources including performance accomplishments, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and the emotional/physiological responses. We aimed to systematically review the effect of interventions using Bandura's self-efficacy theory on breastfeeding self-efficacy in Iranian mothers. Materials and Methods: In this systematic review, all interventional studies from 1990 to May 2019, were searched in Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane library and Medline databases as International databases and SID, Magiran and Irondoc as National databases by using English and Persian related keywords. Two reviewers studied the full text of the articles and their main findings were extracted and categorized. Quality assessment of studies was checked and verified by two authors independently based on the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) tool. Results: Finally, 21 articles (2,661 samples) which met inclusion criteria were investigated and reviewed in 5-domain that include performance accomplishments, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and the emotional/physiological responses as well as interventions by using a combination of the 4 sources. The results of our review showed that mothers in intervention groups had significantly higher breastfeeding self-efficacy score compared to the control group. In addition, interventions by using verbal persuasion (52%, n=1660) are the most common and effective. Conclusion:The results showed that intervention with the use of Bandura's self-efficacy theory improves the breastfeeding self-efficacy. Due to the impact of these interventions on the initiation and duration of breastfeeding, simple and cost-effective, the implementation of theory-based interventions to improve breastfeeding self-efficacy in hospitals and health centers seems to be necessary.