Interpretive Content Analysis Research Articles

A text-mining analysis of Latin America Universities’ mission statements from a ‘Third Mission’ perspective

ABSTRACT University Mission Statements (UMS) were born by imitating a common practice in the business world, where private organisations state their core values and main purposes. Recently, there has been growing interest in analysing UMS through the lens of the Third Mission (TM) of universities. Despite the increasing attention to UMS analysis of TM at the national level, there remains a dearth of research that conducts international comparisons of UMS across various countries utilizing a TM perspective. In this study, we adopt a text mining approach commonly employed in Natural Language Processing studies to categorize 1304 UMS from 19 Latin American countries based on generalized social and economic orientations of TM. By eschewing classifications reliant on specific TM aspects and activities, our analysis aims to facilitate meaningful regional and cross-country comparisons. On average, the orientation of UMS from Latin American countries is 82% social and 55% economic, significant variations observed across countries reflecting the particularities of each Higher Education System. Our results are comparable to previous research analysing single-country UMS, utilizing interpretive content analysis and a Third Mission lens. This evidence offers a quantitative perspective that aligns with existing regional narratives, enriching our understanding of the Third Mission across Latin America.

Mind-reading in AI and neurotechnology: evaluating claims, hype, and ethical implications for neurorights

AbstractThis paper examines claims that the convergence of AI and neurotechnology applications, known as brain-reading, enables the reading of human minds. The purpose of this examination is to investigate whether the use of the terms “brain-reading” and “mind-reading” to convey current neurotechnological findings carries evidence of hype. We conducted an interpretive content analysis of 1017 academic articles to gain insights into the current state of the art and examine assertions made by academics. Our analysis revealed that up to 91% of the examined articles suggest the possibility of mind-reading through brain-reading. Ethical issues discussed frequently include mental privacy, mental freedom, and personhood. Our study highlights the imprecise and inconsistent usage of the term mind-reading in scientific discourse, which leads to exaggerated claims about AI and BCIs having already achieved capacities beyond their current capabilities—or even reaching capacities that may never be feasible. While our study provides evidence of AI and BCI hype concerning alleged mind-reading capabilities, it also uncovers a hype in AI ethics, specifically pertaining to neurorights. This involves hypothetical scenarios where the fictional prospect of AI-enabled mind-reading calls for the establishment of new protective human rights.

INTERPRETASI TERM BA’ÛDHATAN FAMÂ FAUQAHÂ PERSPEKTIF AL-TAFSÎR AL-TARBAWÎ DAN AL-I’JÂZ AL-‘ILMÎ

Even thought it is only found in one verse in one letter, the parable about small animals and other animals like them has attracted great attention in the form of research. In this case, Allah is not ashamed and even makes it an example (matsal) in the Al-Qur’an, namely in Surah Al-Baqarah [2]: 26. In this verse, the animal used an example is contained in the term ba’ûdhatan famâ fauqahâ. Therefore, this article attempts to examine the interpretation of the verse, especially the interpretation of the term ba’ûdhatan famâ fauqahâ in it, based on the perspective of al-tafsîr al-tarbawî and al-i’jâz al-‘ilmî. This research uses a type of qualitative research with a literature or library study approach combined with the thematic interpretation method (tafsîr maudhû’î) because it examines the interpretation of shcolar moslem towards verses of the Al-Qur’an. The data collection technique uses documentary technique, while the data analysis uses decriptive interpretative content analysis technique. The result of the research show that in general, based on the opinion of the majority of shcolar moslem, the term ba’ûdhatan famâ fauqahâ is interpreted as mosquitoes (ba’ûdhah) and other animals that are smaller than if (famâ fauqahâ), including in the perspective of al-tafsîr al-tarbawî and al-i’jâz al-‘ilmî. What is distinctive, in al-i’jâz al-‘ilmî’s perspective, which is more widely revealed is the aspects of miracle as creatures created by Allah that deserve high attention to be more aware in drawing closer to Him, especially when used as an example.

Simulating Civil Society in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA): Fog, Friction, and the Lebanese Port Explosion

Introduction Though the effects of fog and friction on decision-making are frequently simulated in military settings, they are less frequently extended to non-military and non-governmental MENA spaces. This article provides a description and evaluation of a disaster simulation rooted in the real-world event of the August 4, 2020 Lebanese port explosion. The aim of the simulation is to prompt student learning of the decision-making dynamics of CSOs amidst fog and friction in democratizing MENA spaces. Background A brief overview of the Lebanon-CSO landscape is provided. As part of their ruling strategy, sectarian elites engineer fog and friction to co-opt and fragment CSOs. This complex power sharing milieu creates dilemmas for CSOs. The Intervention The simulation was designed for an entire classroom of students to experience the fog and friction in decision-making that CSOs encounter in MENA conditions of limited resources and urgent humanitarian need. Methods and Limitations Student learning, framed by Bloom’s taxonomy of levels of intellectual behavior, was assessed using qualitative entry and exit classroom surveys based on three iterations of the simulation. Qualitative interpretive content analysis was used to categorize survey responses. The sample is not statistically significant given the small class sizes at the College. The study serves as an initial exploration for assessing the promising pedagogical benefits of the Lebanon port explosion simulation. Results Before the simulation, students had knowledge and understanding of CSOs, democratization, and the Lebanese context. After the simulation, student surveys yielded results that evidenced higher- ordered learning. Students discovered the challenge of applying their knowledge of Lebanese CSOs amidst fog. Next, the panel stress- testing and critical reflection essay exercises prompted an analysis and evaluation of CSOs as weak or fraught vehicles for democratization in the region. In sum, fog and friction prompted students to experience and learn how CSOs may subvert democratization in the MENA despite intentions to “do good.” Discussion The Lebanon port explosion survey data indicate the value of simulations as “experience vehicles” that may push students to higher orders of abstracted thinking about CSOs in the MENA. Conclusion Coupled with historical knowledge of co-optation and fragmentation strategies of elites vis-à-vis CSOs in Lebanon, the classroom simulation experience provided a low-cost and high-reward learning opportunity for students to grapple with the constraints and consequences of fog and friction on CSO decision-making.

The use of food processing terminology in Australian news media: a content analysis.

This study aims to determine whether ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are being discussed in news media in Australia and whether this terminology, as described in the NOVA system, is being applied accurately. Interpretive content analysis of online and print media articles that mentioned UPFs from 2009 to 2023 in Australia. Australia. Online and print media articles. A total of two hundred ninety-eight Australian media articles were captured. A substantial increase in the number of UPF articles was observed between 2017-2019 and 2021-2023. The UPF concept was inaccurately explained or defined in 32 % of the articles and was frequently used interchangeably with other descriptors, such as 'highly or heavily processed food', 'junk food', 'unhealthy food', 'packaged food' and 'discretionary food'. Most of the articles had a health focus; however, sustainability interest increased, particularly in the past 18 months. UPFs are increasingly being discussed in news media in Australia; however, the concept is still incorrectly presented in over a third of articles. This highlights the importance of improving the literacy about UPFs to ensure that messages are communicated in a way that is salient, accessible and accurate.

Postmodernism: A Revolt Against Victorianism in Tess of the d’Urbervilles

Postmodernism embraces ambiguity, and challenges fixed meanings and universal truth. Tess of the d’Urbervilles represents the morality of the time. Tess of the d’Urbervilles can be read as a pointer to this problem. Hardy pleads, like the postmodernists, to employ more than one hermeneutic approach to decipher the meaning and purpose of Victorian morality. Hardy portrays Tess as a postmodern woman who rejects socially constructed values and truth in order to attack Victorian morality. Tess is more postmodern than Victorian in the sense that she opposes Victorian chastity and virginity as meta-narratives. Tess believes what she believes to be right or wrong, disregarding Victorian society and societal norms. Because postmodern theory is applied to the text, the proposed study is qualitative. The novel is the primary source of data collection. Secondary data sources include books and journal articles. Selected passages from the text are interpreted with a view to postmodern theory to address research questions. The research technique is interpretive content analysis.

Banal misogynism in Turkish media at the beginning of the multi-party era: the case of Boşboğaz

ABSTRACT This study aims to analyse the cover cartoons of the Boşboğaz [Bigmouth] magazine to reveal how misogynist attitudes were reproduced in Turkish media representations of women at the beginning of the multi-party period. The interpretive content analysis method is applied to front cover cartoons, the analysis is also feminist in the sense that it focuses on misogynistic representations of women. The results reveal that urban women are represented as exploiters of wealthy men, victimising both the men and their wives in the process. Hence, urban women are depicted as cunning predators. Paraphrasing Michael Billig, who introduced the term ‘banal nationalism’, it would be appropriate to describe the depictions of women in the Boşboğaz magazine as a case of banal misogynism since they contain illustrations of everyday scenes, captioned in everyday language.

China deserves its hamburger: the controversy over WildAid’s Shu Shi campaign in China

ABSTRACT We analyze the responses of Chinese netizens to U.S.-based WildAid’s Shu Shi campaign, which was launched in China in 2018 with aims to reduce the nation’s meat consumption in support of climate change mitigation. We conduct an interpretive content analysis of approximately 3,000 online comments, finding that nationalist sentiment is the most prevalent theme underlying responses to the campaign. Netizens generally see the campaign as a criticism of their national identity. They define this identity by emphasizing China’s achievements, expressing a need for the population’s autonomy, recalling a collective history of humiliation by Western actors, and taking pride in Chinese food culture. Feelings among netizens of unfair treatment weakened the campaign’s effectiveness. Respondents cite national identity, nationalism, and climate justice in micro-level discourses to challenge the legitimacy of WildAid’s efforts to encourage reduced meat consumption as a climate change mitigation strategy in China. This study adds depth and nuance to our understanding of national identity, nationalism, and the perceived effectiveness of strategies encouraging behavior change to mitigate climate change.

South African government responses to Trump's Global Gag Rule: Silence, ignorance, and avoidance

In 2017, Donald Trump signed the Protecting Life in Global Health Assistance (PLGHA), thereby reinstating the Global Gag Rule. The policy restricted all United States foreign funding from abortion-related activities. Little research reports the responses of recipients of this bilateral assistance. The study documents the South African government's responses to the PLGHA. We accessed Hansard parliamentary debates, interviewed four parliamentarians alongside one government official, and reviewed a USAID-funded initiative developed while the policy was in effect. We analysed the data using interpretive content analysis through a global social policy and gendered coloniality lens. Our research documents silence, ignorance, avoidance, and possible over-interpretation of the PLGHA within the South African government. The colonialist politics of global redistribution created the grounds for gendered regulation, resulting in a fundamental undermining of reproductive rights. Ironically, the solution – advocacy and parliamentarian briefing regarding sexual and reproductive issues – is generally led by civil society, the bodies weakened by the PLGHA.

Perinatal transmission of Lyme disease: A qualitative study investigating the research priorities of patients with Lyme disease in pregnancy.

Lyme disease is one of the most prevalent vector-borne disease in North America, yet its implications during pregnancy are poorly understood. Our knowledge of perinatal transmission of Lyme disease is limited due to the lack of robust epidemiological studies and longitudinal follow-up. This study aimed to understand the research priorities of people who have experienced Lyme disease in pregnancy and the feasibility of recruiting this population for future studies on perinatal transmission of Lyme disease. We also sought to understand the barriers and enablers to participating in research on perinatal transmission of Lyme disease. We conducted a qualitative study using focus groups and interviews with people who had experienced Lyme disease during pregnancy. English speaking participants were recruited through an online survey. There was no geographic restriction on participation. The focus groups and the interview were recorded and transcribed. Data were analyzed using interpretive content analysis. Twenty people participated in four semi-structured focus groups and one semi-structured individual interview. The majority of participants were from North America. Participants' research priorities fell into five categories: transmission, testing, treatment, disease presentation, and education. All study participants expressed interest in future participation in research on Lyme disease in pregnancy and highlighted barriers and enablers to participation that could be addressed to facilitate future study recruitment. The research priorities identified in this research would be well addressed through prospective research. People who experience Lyme disease in pregnancy are invested in continued research into perinatal transmission of Lyme disease.

Turnaround for municipal distress resolution: An audit outcomes approach

Purpose: This research study aims to identify effective turnaround strategies that can resolve municipal financial distress by improving the audit outcomes of dysfunctional municipalities. Motivation: As many as 64% of South African municipalities were classified as financially distressed by the National Treasury on 7 December 2022, indicating that most South African municipalities require urgent intervention. There is a knowledge gap in the existing literature on how to resolve municipal financial distress practically. Design / Methodology / Approach: An exploratory sequential mixed methods design was utilised to identify effective turnaround strategies. An interpretative content analysis of Audit Action Plans was conducted, followed by a census of the provincial treasuries, the National Treasury and the Department of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs (COGTA) in South Africa. Main findings: The main research findings indicate that turnaround strategies associated with effective and adequate internal controls, revenue management, ethics and fraud prevention can improve municipal financial viability. Practical implications/Managerial impact: The improved financial viability of municipalities will empower dysfunctional municipalities to resolve their own financial distress by implementing similar effective and practical turnaround strategies, thereby improving the quality of essential service delivery to local communities. Novelty/Contribution: Improved essential service delivery directly contributes towards local economic development and job creation.

Public Administration and Sustainable Development in Nigeria

This paper examined the predicaments facing Nigeria and how they have become more manifest in each attempt to attain democratic rule and economic reform. This approach provides an opportunity to observe how respect for human rights, democratization and broad-based sustainable development efforts have interacted with market-oriented economic policies in the past three decades in Nigeria. This paper adopted the analytical method and relies on secondary data and utilizes the content analysis for interpretation of data collected. The paper concludes that It is very critical for senior public administrators and political leaders to make the civil service employees to act ethically, not only in times of crisis or scandal, but on an everyday basis as well. It is also imperative for consideration to be given to ethics in hiring, performance evaluation, and promotion decisions, and that, if the civil service mission includes ethical behavior, then it should be evaluated along with other competencies.

Babari Masjid Chronicles: Modi’s Ideology not Embracing Ayodhya Spirit and India’s Future

Introduction: After the Babri Masjid demolition, Prime Minister Narendra Modi's treatment of Ayodhya’s was criticized for violating its unity tradition. Modi's politics emphasize inclusion over exclusion. Reconciliation initiatives are examined in Ram temple construction. The essay promotes discourse, harmony, and India's diversity, emphasizing the need for integration. Methodology: The study uses inductive qualitative research to examine Modi's ideology and its relationship to Ayodhya's symbolism of unity and diversity in India. Literary secondary sources including books, journals, and novel research help collect data. The study uses interpretive content analysis and is qualitative. The protagonist's psychological journey is explored using inductive inquiry. Results/ Findings: The analysis reveals The analysis indicates a notable discrepancy between Prime Minister Narendra Modi's ideological stance and the historical essence of Ayodhya as a symbol of unity and pluralism. The necessity of reevaluating Modi's ideology vis-à-vis Ayodhya and its broader implications for India's future trajectory. The research emphasizes the importance of embracing inclusivity and dialogue to safeguard the nation's unity and diversity in the face of socio-political challenges. Modi's policies and decisions concerning Ayodhya, including his role in the Ram temple construction, come under scrutiny for their implications on India's socio-political landscape. Future Direction/ Implication: This study improves understanding of "Babri Masjid Chronicles: Modi’s Ideology Not Embracing Ayodhya Spirit and India’s Future" and opens the door to further research on socio-political narratives and their psychological roots in literature. This includes studying national identity, ideological disagreement, and cultural and religious pluralism in fictional and historical situations. This research inspires further study of literary discourse, socio-political ideologies, and Indian national identity and unity

Jungian Archetypes in Hermann Hesse’s Demian

Introduction: This study delves into the interpretation of Hermann Hesse's "Demian" through the lenses of Jungian Psychology and archetypal literary criticism. Specifically, it aims to illuminate the personality traits of the protagonist, Emil Sinclair, using a qualitative approach. Focused on the concept of "individuation," the research employs textual analysis and interpretation to unravel Sinclair's character development across various stages of his life. Methodology: The research methodology involves exploring Hermann Hesse's "Demian" as the primary source of data. Additionally, secondary sources such as books, articles, and previous research on the novel contribute to the data collection process. The research adopts a qualitative approach with interpretive content analysis as the chosen technique. The inductive research approach guides the exploration of the protagonist's psychological journey. Results/Findings: The analysis reveals that Emil Sinclair, the main character, undergoes a transformative process towards "individuation" and psychological balance. Experiencing the "shadow," Sinclair progresses through various stages of mental growth, integrating unconscious elements with consciousness a key aspect from the Jungian perspective. The fusion of opposites, facilitated by his connections with Demian and Frau Eva, contributes to Sinclair's development into a more balanced individual. Future Direction/Implication: This study not only contributes to the understanding of Hermann Hesse's "Demian" but also opens avenues for future research on the psychological processes depicted in literature. The implications extend to the exploration of individuation, psychological maturation, and the integration of opposites in fictional characters. This research sets the stage for further investigations into the profound intersections between literary works, psychological theories, and archetypal criticism.

Designing a Model for the Spiritual Elevation of Students with an Emphasis on Outcomes

Objective: The application of spirituality in today's fast-paced and concern-filled life; attention to the transcendent aspect, inner truth, meaning-making, and deep thinking that, by shaping in the minds of students, leads to the development of security, peace, the spread of joy and contagious happiness among the community, and its spiritual elevation. The present study aimed to design a model for the spiritual elevation of students with an emphasis on outcomes. Methods and Materials: The method of the current study was qualitative and utilized an interpretative content analysis approach. For this purpose, findings from the review of literature and theoretical foundations were aligned with the results from the analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted purposively and optimally with members of the educational science group at universities and higher education centers in Lorestan province in 2023. The research tool was semi-structured interviews, for which validity was assessed using a formal method, and reliability was measured using an inter-coder agreement coefficient, which resulted in 87%. Data analysis was also conducted using a coding method. Findings: After analyzing the data, eventually, eight indicators based on the outcomes formed the model of students' spiritual elevation, which included insight, faith, social responsibility, spiritual self-awareness, spiritual aesthetics, purposefulness, meaning-centeredness, and ethics-orientedness. Conclusion: The use of the findings of this article can practically play a role in fostering the spirit of spirituality among students in a real and non-abstract manner, and its extension to society can be beneficial.

Globalisasi dan Pembelajaran Sosial-Emosional Berbasis Pendidikan Islam

The reseacrh aims to develop the concept of social-emotional learning based on Islamic education in order to enhance students' social and emotional intelligence in Islamic educational institutions in light of difficulties with globalization. The research uses a qualitative approach with library research. Data collection through literature searches was obtained from primary data sources, namely the Qur'an and books of interpretation, and secondary data, namely from various literature books, journals, and other research results relevant to the theme. Data analysis techniques use descriptive and interpretive content analysis which is carried out by reading and reviewing/analyzing the data sources collected. The research results found that the concept of social-emotional learning is based on the main character principles of the characters described in Q.S. al-Aḥzāb/33: 35 as Ten Excellent Characteristics which can be developed into a Social-Emotional Learning program curriculum for students in Islamic educational institutions. The concept of social emotional learning based on Islamic education with specifications on the character concept explained in Q.S. al-Aḥzāb/33: 35 is a catalyst for the development of character education which can be developed in further research to be implemented.

Consumers expectations toward luxury brands websites: a qualitative analysis through the lens of personal and interpersonal motivations

PurposeNowadays all luxury brands have their own websites, using them either as a communication and/or distribution tool. However, luxury consumers might still have different perceptions regarding these websites, as it can be seen as a loss of prestige or selectivity. This study aims to have a deeper understanding of luxury consumers’ perceptions of luxury brand websites by identifying a typology and defining the individual characteristics of the groups identified.Design/methodology/approachThe research uses the opposition of personal and interpersonal luxury as theoretical framework and the semiotic square based on this semantic opposition. A qualitative analysis based on 42 semi-structured interviews has been conducted. The interviews have been analyzed and subjected to interpretive content analysis.FindingsThe analysis of the verbatims shows that the consumers’ motivations toward luxury consumption (luxury for self or personal, luxury for others or interpersonal, negation of luxury for self and negation of luxury for others) can explain consumer differences in terms of attitudes toward luxury brand websites. The four classes are characterized according to their positive and negative perceptions of e-commerce and interaction tools used in luxury brands websites and also their expectations.Practical implicationsThis study defines guidelines for managers to develop luxury brand websites that correspond to their target.Originality/valueThe originality of this study lies in the use of the semiotic square to refine the analysis of luxury consumers’ attitudes and to make more precise contributions. It also relies on using the theory of personal and interpersonal luxury to understand consumers’ expectations toward luxury brands websites.

AN ARTISTIC REVIEW OF SELECTED MUSICAL WORKS BY INTERCULTURAL COMPOSERS

It is natural to make new music compositions as self-expression but as a strength of self-identity as a music composer. However, are there things that need to be taken into account if an intercultural approach is applied to create new works? References to previous composers’ works are very important in helping to develop the ideological direction of a composer’s thoughts. Therefore, this article is written to analyze and discuss a few selected music composers who use intercultural approaches in their musical language. In line with the qualitative design, this artistic review applies an interpretive content analysis approach to works from selected music composers. The results of the analysis and further discussion have given the view that intercultural composers create their music by (i) combining or adapting elements in their own cultures with external cultures, and (ii) applying compositional music techniques according to the composer’s musical genre.

The picturesque roots of impression management: framing, Claude glass and “rose”-tinted lens?

PurposeThis paper explores the way in which industrial pollution has been expressed in the narrative accounts of nature, landscape and industry by William Gilpin in his 18th-century picturesque travel writings. A positive description of pollution is generally outdated and unacceptable in the current society. The authors contrast his “picturesque” view with the contemporary perception of industrial pollution, reflect on these early accounts of industrial impacts as representing the roots of impression management and use the analysis to inform current accounting.Design/methodology/approachThe research uses an interpretive content analysis of the text to draw out themes and features of impression management. Goffman's impression management is the theoretical lens through which Gilpin's travel accounts are interpreted, considering this microhistory through a thematic research approach. The picturesque accounts are explored with reference to the context of impression management.FindingsGilpin's travel writings and the “Picturesque” aesthetic movement, it appears, constructed a social reality around negative industrial externalities such as air pollution and indeed around humans' impact on nature, through a lens which described pollution as adding aesthetically to the natural landscape. The lens through which the picturesque tourist viewed and expressed negative externalities involved quite literally the tourists' tricks of the trade, Claude glass, called also Gray's glass, a tinted lens to frame the view.Originality/valueThe paper adds to the wealth of literature in accounting and business pertaining to the ways in which companies socially construct reality through their accounts and links closely to the impression management literature in accounting. There is also a body of literature relating to the use of images and photographs in published corporate reports, which again is linked to impression management as well as to a growing literature exploring the potential for the aesthetic influence in accounting and corporate communication. Further, this paper contributes to the growing body of research into the historical roots of environmental reporting.

Languages without Borders

Language without Borders was initiated by the Brazilian Federal Government and has undergone a series of modifications until its discontinuation as a government-sponsored program, when it was taken up by the academic community as a free enterprise. Currently, it is linked to Andifes (National Association of Directors of Federal Institutions of Higher Education). One of the main actions of Language without Borders is to offer the academic community tuition-free language courses. This article presents an interpretive content analysis of one of Language without Borders´s popular features: the catalog with information about the courses offered by the program. We engage with decolonial critiques in the process of exploring Language without Borders legislative pieces, focusing particularly on the English courses in the catalog. Our analysis looks into the uphold of English after the program became an Andifes enterprise to reflect on how the language is approached, given its discursive construction as the language of science in internationalization. Throughout the analysis, we visualize complexities and contradictions in a process permeated both by the reinforcement and delinking from modernity/coloniality.