Interpretative Analysis Approach Research Articles

Ecosystem-based maritime spatial planning in practice? On the limitations of a legalistic planning tradition

The implementation of an ecosystem-based approach (EBA) is a core requirement of the EU Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) directive. Ecosystem-based management presents a fundamental challenge to established practices concerning the planning of marine space and the governance of human activities at sea. Experience to date indicates considerable variation in the application of EBA across Europe. This variation can be attributed in part to differences in underlying planning traditions and cultures. In this article, we examine the specific case of EBA implementation in the current maritime spatial plan for Germany’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Following an interpretive analysis approach, we critically analyse how the scope and function of planning are understood in German MSP policy and practice. A narrow understanding of planning as solely concerned with the spatial coordination of competing claims on marine space is traced to a legalistic terrestrial planning tradition with a long history in German public administration. This narrow interpretation of the role of planning is found to fundamentally restrict the strategic, performative capacity of German MSP and, in particular, the potential for German MSP to apply ecosystem-based management principles. In conclusion, we contend that the implementation of an EBA requires a fundamental shift in planning paradigms and modes of governance. This empirical case provides a basis for critical reflection on the capacity of EU member states to implement an EBA as understood under the MSP directive and the mode of planning this might entail.

Myanmar migrants living along the Thailand-Myanmar border: Experiences related to pandemic and migration decisions

ImportanceIn Myanmar, amid political and civil unrest, droves of Burmese are displaced to neighboring countries including Thailand. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, little is known about the available healthcare services and health and well-being among refugees and migrant workers within resettlement areas along the Myanmar-Thailand border. ObjectiveTo explore the unmet needs of migrants along the Thailand-Myanmar border during the COVID-19 pandemic and their reasons for leaving Myanmar. DesignA qualitative study that used focus groups with migrant schoolteachers and school masters was undertaken. An interpretative analysis approach was used to analyze the data from the focus group sessions. The study followed the COREQ (COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative) checklist. SettingIn July 2022, community stakeholders from migrant schools located in the vicinity of Mae Sot, Thailand were referred to the study team. ParticipantsA purposive sample of 17 adult participants was recruited from 4 migrant schools. The participants were schoolteachers and schoolmasters who had traveled from Myanmar to Thailand 1 to 20 years ago. Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s)Thematic analysis was used to scrutinize qualitative data for the outcomes of health and well-being, barriers, and reasons for migration. ResultsThree main themes were identified: “issues related to the pandemic”, “teenage marriage and pregnancies” and "migration decisions". The issues related to the pandemic included behavior changes in children, a diminished quality of education, and barriers to receiving COVID-19 vaccines and accessing other health care. There were more dropouts due to teenage pregnancy/marriage during the shelter in place mandate. Migration decisions were affected by concerns over health, civil unrest, and military harassment. Conclusions and RelevanceThis study presented the difficulties experienced by Myanmar migrants currently living along the Thailand-Myanmar border. The reasons for leaving Myanmar included health and safety. Suspending education during the pandemic caused more school dropouts due to teenage pregnancy/marriage. Additionally, behavioral changes in children, a diminished quality of education, barriers to receiving COVID-19 vaccines and access to other health care services were reported. Future studies should focus on how migration stress and access to mental health care impact the migrant population.

Revitalization and Development of Cultural Heritage Tourism in Gresik Old City

Together with old cities in Southeast Asia, Gresik is a city visited by many world traders in the 15th century. Some of the old cities have been transformed into tourist areas, while those in Gresik have not yet been realized. This study aims to analyze the government's efforts to revitalize cultural heritage and its use as a tourist attraction in the old town of Gresik. This study uses a qualitative method with a critical descriptive approach with interpretive analysis. Research data were obtained from government archives, library sources in the form of books and scientific articles, interviews with stakeholders in the Gresik old town area. After the data is collected, the research is continued with the process of data analysis using a qualitative interpretive analysis approach. The results of this study can be concluded that activities related to preservation, revitalization and utilization of cultural heritage in the old city of Gresik have not been maximized. This can be seen from the efforts to identify and determine cultural heritage that have not been completed; spatial planning of cities in historical areas still leaves many differences of opinion; and regulations regarding tourism planning in the old city of Gresik do not yet exist. The solution that can be done is to involve the community who owns ancient buildings from data collection to tourism management, so that the tourism that is developed can be sustainable.

MolFPG: Multi-level fingerprint-based Graph Transformer for accurate and robust drug toxicity prediction

Drug toxicity prediction is essential to drug development, which can help screen compounds with potential toxicity and reduce the cost and risk of animal experiments and clinical trials. However, traditional handcrafted feature-based and molecular-graph-based approaches are insufficient for molecular representation learning. To address the problem, we developed an innovative molecular fingerprint Graph Transformer framework (MolFPG) with a global-aware module for interpretable toxicity prediction. Our approach encodes compounds using multiple molecular fingerprinting techniques and integrates Graph Transformer-based molecular representation for feature learning and toxic prediction. Experimental results show that our proposed approach has high accuracy and reliability in predicting drug toxicity. In addition, we explored the relationship between drug features and toxicity through an interpretive analysis approach, which improved the interpretability of the approach. Our results highlight the potential of Graph Transformers and multi-level fingerprints for accelerating the drug discovery process by reliably, effectively alarming drug safety. We believe that our study will provide vital support and reference for further development in the field of drug development and toxicity assessment.

Konsep Filsafat Hukum Menurut Jeremy Bentham

Introduction: If you know Jeremy Bentham in his moral teachings on utilitarianism, it is often said there that the principle of utility he discovered is also used in constructing the concept of law. 
 Purposes of the Research: This research aims to find out how the principle of utility becomes the basis for establishing a legal system. 
 Methods of the Research: The methods used in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive and interpretive analysis approach.
 Results Originality of the Research: The research results show that the usability test on legal institutions and practices makes the principle of utility a critical instrument for assessing the performance of a legal institution. For Bentham, law is an order from a sovereign power or imperative law. The law must have substance and legal form. Legal substances are certain legitimate (sovereign) legal institutions within the state that are authorized to make and promulgate laws, and that law must be written in law. The legal form in question is codification.

Not all evidence is created equal: assessment artifacts in maker education

Purpose When using embedded, student-centered assessment tools for maker education, understanding the characteristics of a body of evidence can help teachers guide the assessment process. This study aims to examine assessment artifacts from a makerspace program and present a set of qualities that emerged, which researchers and maker educators can use to evaluate the quality of evidence before interpreting it and making claims about student learning. Design/methodology/approach This study used the interpretive analysis approach to identify salient qualities in a body of evidence of maker learning. Data sources included student assessment artifacts, researchers’ analytic memos, notes on the coding and analysis process, background stories and field observations. Findings The study found that the assessment artifacts generated by students aligned with the maker-related target skills. A set of qualities was produced that can be used to describe the strength of a body of evidence and help determine whether it is appropriate to be used in the meaning making phase. Practical implications The qualities identified in this study can be directly incorporated into the embedded assessment toolkit to provide feedback on the strength of evidence for learning in makerspaces. Originality/value Assessment methods for maker education are nascent, and ways to describe the quality of a student-generated body of evidence have not yet been established. This study applies existing knowledge of embedded assessment and reflective practice toward the creation of a new way of assessing skills that are difficult to measure.

Specialists' Perception of the Harmful Consequences of Child-Abuse: A Phenomenological Study

Introduction: Child-abuse is one of the most common socio-psychological problems, and can contribute to the development of a set of intrapersonal, interpersonal, and peripheral harms in child and adolescent victims. This study aims at identifying the harmful consequences and harms of childabuse (child maltreatment) in child and adolescent victims from the perspective of specialists (counselors, psychologists, and social workers). Methods: This study was carried out using a qualitative and interpretive phenomenological approach. The research population included all specialists in the field of psychological and social health (counselors, psychologists, and social workers) in Isfahan and Tabriz Universities in 2018, who were experienced in research and treatment in child abuse. The participants were 9 specialists who were selected using purposive sampling. The data were collected through interviews with the participants. All the interviews were recorded and then transcribed line by line. The data extracted from the interviews were analyzed using the interpretive analysis approach proposed by Diekelmann, Allen, and Tanner. Results: The analysis of the data extracted from the interviews revealed five main themes (psychological, behavioral, interpersonal, family, and social harms) and 31 subthemes related to child-abuse harms and consequences from the perspective of the specialists. Conclusion: The insights from this study can be used to develop educational, preventive, and therapeutic programs aimed at reducing child abuse and its harmful effects.

MEDIA AS PLATFORMS OF DA’WAH AMONG MUSLIM CONVERTS IN BORNEO

The study examined the use of media as tools of Muslim converts’ da’wah in Sabah, Sarawak and Brunei. There were two categories of media used in this study; social media (Facebook, YouTube, website, blog) and traditional media (television, radio, book, newspaper). The study interviewed 42 informants who lived in the city areas of Sabah, Sarawak and Brunei. The data obtained was arranged into themes and evaluated using descriptive and interpretive analysis approach. The study revealed that most informants partook in disseminating da’wah in media, primarily social media. The informants mostly ‘share’ the posts of others such as famous quotes and the videos of preachers. There were different levels of frequency of the informants’ posts on social media ranging from always to seldom. A few informants however, refrained from using media as platforms to disseminate da’wah because they did not want to offend their non-Muslim ‘friends’ on Facebook, and also they believed they did not have sufficient knowledge to disseminate da’wah.

Tafsir Post-Kolonial Femenis Yehezkiel 16:15-22 sebagai Teks Pornografi Kenabian

The issue of violence against women not only occurs in the space of action or the form of direct violence but also in the way of indirect violence, among others through the understanding of the biblical text that discredit women. This study aims to carry out a postcolonial feminist interpretation of Ezekiel 16: 15-22. This text, if understood, literally contains pornographic ideological messages that confront women as victims. Qualitatively, the interpretative analysis approach helps the writer to reinterpret the meaning of Ezekiel 16: 15-22 and find its relevance to the feminist struggle in the present. For this reason, the study of literature is the choice of writing to study various references related to the issues discussed. The results of this study indicate that certain Bible texts written in a patriarchal context have a picture of discrimination against women. With the feminist postcolonial approach, the reinterpretation of discriminatory texts can be done by emphasizing that both men and women were created equally by God.

Evaluasi Pelatihan Rencana Pemulihan Usaha Dalam Program Muhammadiyah Disaster Managemen Center

This study aims to determine aspects of satisfaction and increase knowledge of participants in participating in the Business Recovery Plan Training (RPU) in the Micro and Tsunami Recovery Program for the Disasters of the Earthquake and Tsunami conducted by the Muhammadiyah Disaster Management Center (MDMC) in collaboration with Solidar Suisse. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive, data collection methods of observation studies, interviews, documentation, and data analysis techniques through interpretive analysis approach techniques. The results of the study showed that most of the Sirenja people who participated in the Business Recovery Plan Training (RPU) were satisfied and had understood about the preparation of the RPU on good performance. But it is still low in the practice of preparing RPU.

Student Perception of ESP Business English Teaching Implementation in Makassar National Informatics Polytechnic

English for Specific Purpose (ESP) is currently a subject that must be followed by every student in every vocational or polytechnic tertiary institution throughout Indonesia, including in South Sulawesi. This study aims to find out in advance the students' perceptions of English for Specific Purpose (ESP) Business English teaching materials, and their perceptions of the teaching strategies adopted by ESP Business English teachers. In answering the research questions above, researchers used a descriptive qualitative approach. The method of data collection is done through semi-structured interviews using open-ended questions and analyzing them using an interpretative analysis approach. From the results of data analysis found 1) the material or textbooks that are used already meet the learning needs of students where the materials provided include Business English related words, the structure of Language/Grammar, and practical language teaching. However, students consider the design or appearance of the book to be less attractive making them less interested in using the book; 2) students show a variety of perceptions about the teaching strategies of their lecturers, found themes that show the teaching strategies preferred by students are supportive, create fun learning, provide games, be disciplined and assertive but feel not pressured, have an active professional knowledge component.

Qualitative focus groups with stakeholders identify new potential outcomes related to vaccination communication.

IntroductionCommunication interventions are widely used to promote childhood vaccination and sustain vaccine acceptance, but communication’s role in changing people’s beliefs and behaviours is not well understood. To determine why these interventions work or where they fail, evaluations must measure a range of outcomes in addition to vaccination uptake. As part of a larger project to develop a preliminary Core Outcome Set for vaccination communication, we conducted a qualitative focus group study exploring how parents and health professionals perceive and experience communication encounters and what outcomes are relevant to them.MethodsFocus group participants included parents and health professionals involved in vaccination communication (healthcare providers, researchers and policymakers). Participants discussed their experiences with communication for childhood vaccination, and what made the communication ‘successful’ or 'unsuccessful.'Our analysis involved two stages: first, we thematically analysed the discussions, identifying key parent and professional themes. In stage two, we used an interpretive analysis approach to translate the themes and quotes into measurable outcomes. We compared these outcomes with outcomes measured in vaccination communication trials (previously identified and mapped).ResultsWe held three focus groups with parents (n = 12) and four with professionals (n = 19). In stage one, we identified six parent themes (primarily related to decision-making) and five professional themes (primarily related to intervention planning, delivery and evaluation).In stage two, we translated 47 outcomes from parents and 73 from professionals (91 total, de-duplicated). All stakeholders discussed attitudes or beliefs and decision-making outcomes most frequently. Most (66%) of the focus group-generated outcomes were not measured in vaccination communication trials.ConclusionConsulting with stakeholders through focus groups allowed us to explore how parents and professionals experienced vaccination communication, identify those aspects of the experience that were important to them, and translate these into outcomes that can be prioritised into a Core Outcome Set and measured in intervention evaluations.

Brand crisis communication through social media

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate how companies make use of social media communication to turn crises into opportunities and how consumers respond to this brand management strategy, and evaluate the effects of this kind of advertising campaign. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses the textual analysis method to examine the verbal fight between two brand competitors on Sina Weibo. An interpretative analysis approach is adopted to analyze a series of micro-blog messages and relevant responses and comments. A statistical analysis is conducted to reveal the public opinion on this case. Findings – The brand crisis due to trademark dispute has been successfully turned into an advertising campaign, which received eager and favorable responses from the consumers. In the name of making apologies, the company in crisis availed itself of the Weibo platform to make a veiled protest against the verdict of the Court. The technique “acting cute” was proved to be effective in diminishing the negative effect of a brand crisis and winning public sympathy and support. Research limitations/implications – The research findings may provide insights into the interplay between brand advertising and corporate crisis communication on the platform of social media. Practical implications – This study can inform practitioners of useful techniques to deal with brand crises via social media. Originality/value – The value of this study lies not only in its contribution to the body of knowledge on online crisis management with a case of Chinese companies, but also in its validation of the interplay between crisis communication and advertising.

Deaf Scholars on Reading: A Historical Review of 40 Years of Dissertation Research (1973–2013): Implications for Research and Practice

Taking a historical view, the authors reviewed 40 years of dissertation research by deaf scholars (1973-2013) related to reading. Using a qualitative interpretive analysis approach (J. Smith & Osborn, 2003), the authors selected 31 dissertations as primary texts, reviewing them for themes over five time periods. The first finding was a trend of themes on communication methodology in the 1970s (first period), to English reading skills in the 1980s (second period), to American Sign Language/English bilingualism to support acquisition of English literacy during the third, fourth and fifth periods (1990-2013). The second finding was that most of the dissertations used a combination of qualitatively similar and qualitatively different epistemologies in their research. These two findings are related to (a) the role of the deaf reading researcher, (b) historical and current trends in reading research, and (c) the qualitative similarity hypothesis (Paul, Wang, & Williams, 2013).