Interpretation Of Research Data Research Articles

Gelehrtennetzwerke an der Universität Basel und ihre Verbindungen nach Ostmitteleuropa 1460–1550. Perspektiven zu Forschungsdaten aus dem Repertorium Academicum Germanicum (RAG)

This study uses the example of data from the Repertorium Academicum Germanicum (RAG) to highlight various aspects of dealing with research data in historical research. The RAG is a project focused on scholars from the Old German Empire (1250–1550), whose lives and studies are collected and evaluated in a prosopographical database. The database combines quantitative and qualitative methods for the collection, analysis, and interpretation of research data. Using the example of scholars included in the RAG who stayed at the Basel University in 1460–1550, the author presents the basic approaches to network analysis used in the project. The example of Basel scholars in the RAG shows how students and scholars from Eastern and Central Europe can be identified in this network. Although their numbers by mid-sixteenth century were not high, a qualitative examination of their biographies shows that they had a variety of contacts in Basel prior to their arrival and that they played an important role in early relations with Eastern and Central Europe. In addition to personal encounters linked to studies and related activities, correspondence and general references in written works are also taken into account.

Perkawinan Nyuang Luh Ring Dura Desa Di Desa Pakraman Sembiran Kecamatan Tejakula Kabupaten Buleleng

Marriage in Hinduism is a phase of life that has the aim of raising offspring and creating a happy family based on God Almighty. Proposing to a woman is one part of the marriage procession, there is a unique thing about the procession of proposing to a woman in Sembiran Village which is called nyuang luh ring dura village, that is, if the prospective bride comes from outside Sembiran Village then she will be ceremonized like a new born baby. The prospective bride is given the Kepus Puser, Nelubulanin (3 monthly) and Ngotonin (7 monthly) ceremonies at the groom's place before holding the wedding ceremony. The aim of this research is to determine the socio-religious value of the nyuang luh ring dura marriage in Sembiran village. This research uses qualitative methods and uses qualitative descriptive analysis. Data collection methods in this research are interviews, documentation and literature study. The series of stages are reducing data, displaying data, validating data, and interpreting research data. The form of nyuang luh ring dura marriage (proposing marriage to a woman from outside) Sembiran Village has several stages, namely the initial stage, the core stage and the final stage. The socio-religious function in nyuang luh ring dura (proposing to a woman from outside) Sembiran Village is a social function, a function of family harmony, an aesthetic function. The socio-religious meaning of nyuang luh ring dura marriage (proposing to a woman from outside) Sembiran Village is the meaning of traditional survival, the meaning of tattwa, the religious meaning, and the meaning of spiritual awareness.

Uncovering Budget Battle Practices: A Critical Study of Budget Participation in Indonesia

Purpose: This research aims to analyze the budget battle practices between local government (executive) and Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD or legislative) within the context of plenary sessions in North Toraja Regency. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework of this article revolves around the concept of budget participation, influenced by the political environment, and inspired by Paulo Freire's ideas. Budget participation involves the engagement of the community in decisions regarding the allocation of public funds, with a normative emphasis on community involvement values. The influence of the political environment and the political will of the government plays a pivotal role in the success of budget participation. Design/methodology/approach: This study adopts a critical paradigm and employs the Habitus Theory as a tool for interpreting research data. The research also utilizes the data collection and reduction procedures outlined by Creswell (2014). The study was conducted in North Toraja Regency and involved ten informants selected through purposive sampling technique. Findings: The research findings reveal several aspects. Firstly, the practice of budgetary battles involves three models: negotiation, holding the Regional Budget Planning (RAPBD) hostage, and intimidation. Secondly, these three behaviors undergo transformation into a homogeneous institutional or group habitus among the actors. Thirdly, this group habitus is deeply internalized by the actors, shaping individual habits that are employed both during plenary sessions and outside the political context within the social realm. Research, Practical & Social implications: The social implications of these findings indicate that the existence of budgetary battle practices involving negotiation, holding the Regional Budget Planning (RAPBD) hostage, and intimidation can impact political dynamics and financial governance at the regional level. In terms of practice, these findings can provide guidance for policymakers at the local level to implement improvements in budgeting mechanisms. Originality/value: The originality of this article lies in its contribution to the understanding of how group habitus influences individual dispositions in budgetary battles. The findings concerning the three types of habitus also offer a novel contribution to the literature. This study provides crucial insights for further research in exploring the phenomenon of budgetary battles and their impact on budget participation within the context of local governance.

Zikir Sufi dalam Studi Wacana dan Budaya

This article presents discourse texts in Sufism culture, especially about the meaning of dhikr and the spiritual values inherent in Sufi discourse texts. For this reason, researchers are trying to explore the concept of dhikr of the Tarekat Sheikh through a discourse study approach. This is because every living and healthy dhikr has its own special features which lie in its special message in the bias of revelation through culture and life. Researchers try to offer the concept of Sufi dhikr of Sheikh Ahmad Tet, considering that the tradition of dhikr is a reflection of Islamic culture. The aim of this research is to explore the meaning of the word dhikr through expressions in the manuscript of the book 'Secrets of Bainal Haq', as a form of discourse text that supports social-spiritual relationships.To understand this, researchers used Foucault's theory of discourse study, with analytical descriptive methods. The steps that researchers took were data collection, data processing, and interpretation of research data, which results in understanding the words and meaning of Sufi discourse texts. Therefore, the results of this research reveal that Sufi dhikr has similarities in social-spiritual values, a balance between the dimensions of faith and shari’ah, the dimensions of knowledge and worship, the dimensions of culture and morals, and the dimensions of language and culture which is the representation of religious culture traditional practices.

A SCALE OF ASSESSMENTS OF THE LEVEL OF AEROBIC ENDURANCE
 FOR STUDENTS OF A TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
 BELONGING TO A SPECIAL MEDICAL GROUP

Based on the actual indicators of the students' time to overcome the distance of 3000 m in a stadium, a 10-point
 scale of assessments of the level of aerobic endurance and a 5-level scale of assessments of physical fitness in terms of
 aerobic endurance for students (boys) of I–III (IV) courses of study belonging to a special medical group of a technical
 university has been developed. The scale of assessments of the level of aerobic endurance is presented taking into account
 the method of overcoming the distance of 3000 m by students: running, walking, and their combination. The research
 data on the increase in the level of manifestation of aerobic endurance by young men from the first to the second year of
 study, and their discussion are considered. The methods of pedagogical observation, mathematical statistics, analysis
 and generalization of the information received, interpretation of research data using information from literary sources
 on the research topic were used.

The Effects of Task-Based Language Teaching on EFL Learners’ Speaking Performance

In spite of the current needs for human resources with the ability to communicate using English, most of Vietnamese learners still have many difficulties in speaking after a long time of study. In order to tackle this issue in English education, Task-based Language Teaching (TBLT) was strongly recommended by the Ministry of Education and Training with the aim to shift the educational view to a more supportive and efficient perspective for learners’ communicative competence. In this context, the study was conducted to explore the effects of TBLT on EFL students’ speaking performance. This quasi-experimental research was carried out on 60 participants from a hospitality college in Ho Chi Minh City. The students in the experimental group were instructed with TBLT for eight weeks while those in the control group were taught with a conventional method. The research data were gathered via two instruments of tests (pre- and post-test) to measure the students’ speaking performance before and after the treatment, and a questionnaire to discover their attitudes towards the implementation of TBLT. The analysis and interpretation of research data were conducted thanks to the use the software SPSS. Particularly, pre-test and post-test scores of the two groups were compared in terms of mean values with the employment of an independent samples t-test. As for the questionnaire, mean value and standard deviation of each item were calculated and interpreted. The findings indicated that TBLT significantly improves the students’ speaking ability and they have positive attitudes towards its employment in their speaking classes.

PENDIDIKAN PLURALISME DALAM MEMBANGUN JATI DIRI BANGSA (Perspektif Agama Hindu)

A country that has multiethnic and multimental uniqueness like Indonesia is faced with its own dilemma, on the one hand bringing Indonesia to become a great nation as a multicultural nation-state, but on the other hand it is a threat. So it is not an exaggeration to say that multicultural conditions are like coals in husks which are easily ignited and heat up at any time. Indonesia has great potential for conflicts between groups, ethnic groups, religions and ethnic groups. One of the indications is that various social, professional, religious, and organizations or groups have started to thrive and are struggling and acting on behalf of group interests which lead to SARA (ethnic, religious, racial and inter-group) conflicts. To produce valid and reliable data, this paper uses a qualitative writing style. In producing logical data, this paper performs several stages of data sorting in the form of: 1). Data reduction, 2). Display data, 3). Verifying data, and 4). Interpreting research data. In its presentation, measurable analysis becomes the basis for processing the data obtained. The perfection of this paper cannot be separated from the library technique which is carried out through an assessment of the existing literature on Google Scholar. Education is the spearhead that is able to restrain and eradicate all harmful doctrines of non-plural and non- multicultural actions which are very appropriate to be applied in the current era in preventing interests and combinations of intolerant understandings in the name of a religion. Strategies in school and implementing a curriculum that emphasizes pluralism and multiculturalism in the current era are very important to be followed up immediately so that misleading intellectual understanding does not multiply ingrained in students' understanding. The role of parents and teachers must be able and synergized in implementing an understanding of the concept of plurality and the plurality of a life so that later students or students understand differences and are able to re-instill heterogeneity. Hinduism in the scope of analysis of pluralism education highly appreciates social diversity. The concept of Hinduism which incidentally is very plural and in its holy book contains teachings about realizing tolerance, namely Widya, Maitri, Ahimsa, and Santi.

Analisis Efektivitas dan Kontribusi Pajak Hiburan Terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kota Bogor Tahun 2018-2022

The purpose of this study was to see and analyze the level of effectiveness and contribution of the entertainment tax to Regional Original Revenue from 2018-2022. This research was conducted at BAPENDA Bogor City. This study uses descriptive quantitative methods by collecting, analyzing, interpreting research data to be calculated in order to provide answers to problems regarding the results of the effectiveness and contribution of entertainment tax. Data collection techniques carried out in this study were documentation and observation. This research answers the problem of effectiveness by making a comparison between the realization of the entertainment tax and the target of the entertainment tax and then multiplying it by 100%, as well as the amount of the contribution by comparing the realization of the entertainment tax to the Regional Original Revenue and then multiplying it by 100%. From the research results obtained from the level of effectiveness of the realization of entertainment tax revenue to the target of entertainment tax is 92.35% with the criteria (effective) with a percentage rate of 90% -100%, while the contribution of entertainment tax to the realization of PAD is 2.05% with the criteria (very little contribution) with the percentage results still below 10%.

HEDGING DEVICES IN INTERPRETING RESEARCH DATA: A STUDY IN STUDENTS’ UNDERGRADUATE THESIS

This study aims at describing the use of hedging devices found in interpreting research data in finding and discussion section of students’ undergraduate thesis. It is focused on describing its types, functions and meaning used in finding and discussion section. In the data collection, the data was gathered by using descriptive qualitative method. The source of this research was taken from the statements and claims written in finding and discussion section of students’ undergraduate theses. The result of the data analysis showed that the most frequently used type and function of hedging was Approximator of Degree, Frequency, Time and Quantity and Attribute Hedge. It is caused that most of the writers often state a speculation, assumption, opinion or probability through their statement in which decreases the explicitness of a statement and hence enables the writer to be less direct and bald in communicating his/her meaning. It is also the signal that what they state is not completely true.

SUMBER PENGETAHUAN MENURUT FILSAFAT ADVAITA VEDANTA

Humans have a very large curiosity that is very difficult to satisfy. As stated by Maslow, this dissatisfaction is partly because humans have needs that are hierarchically increasing in line with the achievement of lower needs, they will try or desire to achieve other higher needs. To satisfy their curiosity, humans make efforts, both consciously and sometimes unconsciously. Human efforts to fulfill this curiosity then produce two types of knowledge, namely ordinary knowledge and scientific knowledge. In writing this article the method used is qualitative method, using qualitative descriptive analysis. Furthermore, in analyzing the research data, the authors carried out a series of stages so that the results of this study were logical, objective and empirical. The series of stages are reducing data, displaying data, verifying data and interpreting research data. According to Advaita Vedanta, human knowledge is the result of a combination of sensory data obtained through the Pratyaksa Pramana method with ideas in the mind in the form of memory which are processed, analyzed or synthesized following the Anumana Pramana and Upamana Pramana methods, and can even be equipped with with the Pramana Word method, Arthapatti and Anupalabdi. Keywords: Humans, Knowledge, Scientific

PEMUJAAN DEWA GAṆEŚA SEBAGAI WIGHNESWARA DI KABUPATEN BULELENG (KAJIAN IDEOLOGI-THEOLOGI)

Applied in terms of worshiping him remains the same. God in Hinduism manifests in many forms, specifically in this article is Lord Gaṇeśa. The Hindu community in Bali is currently trending to install Dewa Gaṇeśa within the scope of the house, because Dewa Ganesa is considered the ruler of obstacles, so no Hindu ceremony or worship can be carried out without adoration without worshiping Lord Ganeśa first. To produce valid and reliable data, this research uses qualitative research methods. To produce data that is logical, this study carried out several stages of data sorting in the form of: 1). Reducing data, 2). Display data, 3). Verifying data and, 4). Interpreting research data. Related references greatly support the validity of a scientific work, therefore library techniques are also used through a literature survey on Google Scholar. The community's understanding of Dewa Gaṇeśa in Buleleng Regency is low due to the typology of the people who do not explore enough knowledge about what is worshiped and what is Dewa Gaṇeśa and who is Dewa Gaṇeśa. People are still influenced by the feeling of being involved in and influenced by films about Dewa Ganeśa and do not know the full and correct meaning of the statue, its shape, position. The statue of Dewa Ganeśa is a unification of the concepts of cetana and acetana, purusha and prakerti, ardanareswari and ardanareswara aiming to simplify as well as save the ceremony process and not take up much time. Keywords: Worship of Lord Gaṇeśa, As a Wighneswara, Theo-Ideological Studies

PANDANGAN HINDU MENYIKAPI PENYIMPANGAN PERILAKU REMAJA DITENGAH GEMPURAN SOSIALITA

Teenagers are the foundation for the nation in continuing the norms of state and religion which cover all members of society. Religion is one of the many choices in guiding and changing the negative behavior of these teenagers. The concept of Hinduism itself has many rules/teachings to be able to introduce where the life of the teenager will take him. To produce valid and reliable data, this research uses qualitative research methods. To produce data that is logical, this study carried out several stages of data sorting in the form of: 1). Reducing data, 2). Display data, 3). Verifying data and, 4). Interpreting research data. Related references greatly support the validity of a scientific work, therefore library techniques are also used through a literature survey on Google Scholar. The deviant behavior of these adolescents is beyond the limits of reason in this global era, there are many cases that make parents sad to see developments and behavior that are beyond the limits of their age. Hindu teachings contain a lot of ethics to fix all the negative characters caused by people with deviant characters. Parents, educators, and government participation must be active in promoting what is conceptualized in the teachings of Hinduism so that they can anticipate unwanted events and the golden generation is saved from influences that tend to damage youth. Keywords: Hindu view, deviance, adolescent behavior, socialite

What Is the Relevance of Murburn Concept in Thalassemia and Respiratory Diseases?

Murburn concept is a novel perspective for understanding cellular function, deeming cells as simple chemical engines (SCE) that are powered by redox reactions initiated by effective charge separation (ECS). The 1-electron active diffusible reactive (oxygen) species, or DR(O)S, equilibriums involved in these processes are also crucial for homeostasis, coherently networking cells, and rendering electromechanical functions of sensing and responding to stimuli. This perspective presents the true physiological function of oxygen, which is to enable ECS and the generation of DR(O)S. Therefore, DR(O)S must now to be seen as the quintessential elixir of life, although they might have undesired effects (i.e., the traditionally perceived oxidative stress) when present in the wrong amounts, places and times. We also elaborated that tetrameric hemoglobin (Hb) is actually an ATP-synthesizing murzyme (an enzyme working via murburn concept) and postulated that several post-translational modifications (such as glycation) on Hb could result from murburn activity. Murburn perspective has also enabled the establishment of a facile rationale explaining the sustenance of erythrocytes for 3–4 months, despite their lacking nucleus or mitochondria (to coordinate their various functions and mass-produce ATP, respectively). Although thalassemia has its roots in genetic causation, the new awareness of the mechanistic roles of oxygen-hemoglobin-erythrocyte trio significantly impacts our approaches to interpreting research data and devising therapies for this malady. These insights are also relevant in other clinical manifestations that involve respiratory distress (such as asthma, lung cancer, COVID-19 and pneumonia) and mitochondrial diseases. Herein, these contexts and developments are briefly discussed.

Peran Tokoh Masyarakat Dalam Pembagian Harta Waris terhadap Anak Angkat

Adopted children cannot inherit the assets of their adoptive parents and only have rights through a mandatory testament, the amount of which cannot be more than 1/3 of the assets left by their adoptive parents as stated in Article 209 paragraph (2) KHI. The fact that happened in the Bobosan sub-district there were 3 (three) cases of inheritance distribution for adopted children who received the entire adoptive parent's inheritance. This paper attempts to explain the role of community leaders in the distribution of the inheritance of adopted children that occurred in the Bobosan sub-district, Banyumas Regency. This type of research is field research using an empirical juridical approach. The data source used was obtained from primary data sources in the field by conducting in-depth interviews with the informants studied. The method used in the qualitative analysis, namely describing, interpreting and interpreting research data by linking role theory (role theory). Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the role of community leaders in the distribution of the inheritance of adopted children in the Bobosan sub-district is a religious figure who is trusted by the community to be able to make decisions on inheritance distribution by considering the value of more benefit. According to the religious leader, the division of inheritance that occurs is a need for Ḍaruriyat, adopted children who live in dependence to live in their parents' house and continue the business of their adoptive parents. So that the family and the surrounding community consider the adopted child to be the full successor of the assets and efforts of the adoptive parents in order to prioritize the benefit of the adopted child.
 Keywords: Roles, Religious Leaders, Inheritance, Adopted Children

PARENTS' PERCEPTIONS OF BOS FUNDING EDUCATION FINANCING IN SDN BASIRIH 1 BANJARMASIN

The purpose of this study was to determine parents' perceptions of education funding for boss funds at SDN Basirih 1 Banjarmasin. This type of research is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The data sources in this study are parents, principals, school committees and supervisors who are taken through interview and documentation techniques. The research instruments used in this study include researchers and interview guidelines. The analysis technique used is the technique of analyzing and interpreting research data using the Miles and Huberman analysis model through three stages, namely; data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that parents' perceptions of BOS funding education financing at SDN Basirih 1 Banjarmasin. Based on the results of the data obtained, parents' perceptions of BOS fund education financing at SDN Basirih 1 Banjarmasin, parents are very enthusiastic in responding to the policies issued by the government, namely the nine-year compulsory education program, both in terms of opinions, responses, and assessments of parents are very positive towards BOS fund education financing, this shows that the BOS fund education financing program is very helpful. Also, the implementation of BOS funding education financing at SDN Basirih 1 Banjarmasin, starting from the planning to the implementation stage, always includes all elements of the community to provide input to the school as well as oversee the implementation of the financing

Individualized Housing Modifies the Immune-Endocrine System in CD1 Adult Male Mice.

In the last years, different research groups have made considerable efforts to improve the care and use of animals in research. Mice (Mus musculus) are the most widely used animal species in research in the European Union and are sociable and hierarchical creatures. During experiments, researchers tend to individualize males, but no consideration is given to whether this social isolation causes them stress. The aim of this study was, therefore, to explore whether 4 weeks of social isolation could induce changes in different physiological parameters in adult Crl:CD1(ICR) (CD1) males, which may interfere with experimental results. Body weight, blood cells, and fecal corticosterone metabolites levels were the analyzed parameters. Blood and fecal samples were collected at weeks 1 and 4 of the experimental procedure. Four weeks of single housing produced a significant time-dependent decrease in monocytes and granulocytes. Fecal corticosterone metabolite levels were higher in single-housed mice after 1 week and then normalized after 4 weeks of isolation. Body weight, red blood cells, and platelets remained unchanged in both groups during this period. We can, therefore, conclude that social isolation affects some immune and endocrine parameters, and that this should be taken into account in the interpretation of research data.

Baris Teruna Batu Dance in Teruna Pakraman Village, Blahbatuh, Gianyar

Balinese dance is an important part of Balinese life that has been passed down since ancient times. The art of dance is an expression of the human soul which is poured through beautiful rhythmic movements and through the creation of taste and intention that is observed by the dance stylist. Balinese dances are generally classified into 3 groups, namely, Wali (sacred performing arts), Bebali (performing arts for ceremonies), and Balih-balihan (dance arts for the entertainment of visitors). The same is true for the Baris Teruna Batu dance, which has the same sacred position in comparison to other wali dances that have an important contribution in every movement and rhythm of the dancer's body in giving thanks to Ida Sang Hyang Widhi (God). In this study, the method used was a qualitative method, using an interpretive qualitative descriptive analysis. Furthermore, in analyzing the research data, a series of stages were carried out so that the results were logical, objective and empirical. The series of steps are as follows: reducing data, displaying data, verifying data and interpreting research data. The essence of this study found several value studies, namely, aesthetic values, educational values, and sacralization values. There are still numerous studies that need to be conducted with regard to the various aspects of the aforementioned baris dance. The sacredness and so many meanings contained in it make the Baris Teruna Batu dance still exist and develop to this day.

INDONESIA-JAPAN COOPERATION IN LABOUR MIGRATION TO IMPROVE THE COMPETITIVENESS OF INDONESIAN MIGRANT WORKERS

The 2018 Global Compact of Migration provides guidance for countries informulating policies and actions to improve the quality of International Migration governance so that they can realize migration that benefits Indonesian Migrant Workers, sending countries, and receiving countries. This research aims to analyze the cooperation of Indonesia and Japan in labour migration to improve the competitiveness of indonesian migrant workers. This research uses qualitative research methods which are carried out based on the interpretation of research data into research results. The research is carried out based on a review of official documents from authorized and relevant government agencies, experiences of actors in Indonesia-Japan cooperation in labor migration in the global labor market and studies references. Indonesia conducts bilateral relations with Japan under an economic cooperation agreement by sending Indonesian workers BNP2TKI as government representatives assigned to supervise the debriefing and protection of Indonesian workers. While on the Japanese side there is the Japan International Corporation of Welfare Services (JICWELS) which will be responsible for receiving the Indonesian Workforce.

Art Talents in the Context of a Specific Research Focus

The scientific study presents a survey of the outcomes and research results obtained through a research tool by a questionnaire from the teachers of the basic art schools in Slovakia. Interpretation of research data in the form of categories - characters and determinants of artistic talent and talent of children and pupils has a representative function. Results of the mentioned group of respondents will be further compared with groups of teachers to different levels of schools.

Pengaruh Gaya Belajar dan Metode Pembelajaran terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Pelatihan Fungsional Peneliti

[THE INFLUENCE OF LEARNING STYLES AND LEARNING METHODS ON LEARNING OUTCOMES OF RESEARCHER FUNCTIONAL TRAINING PARTICIPANTS] The influence of visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learning styles, and aspects of the diversity of trainees in an effort to find appropriate learning methods, on the subject of analysis and interpretation of research data. The purpose of this study was to obtain an overview of aspects related to improving the learning outcomes of trainees and the achievement of learning objectives in the analysis and interpretation of research data. The instrument in this study used a questionnaire that was distributed online through the google form application, one day before learning, to all participants of the Pelatihan Pembentukan Jabatan Fungsional Peneliti (PPJFP), and resulted in a questionnaire that was received back as many as 139 questionnaires. Based on the results of the study, data were obtained which were then analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistics with Two Way ANOVA. The results of the study show that: first, learning styles determine which learning methods are more attractive to participants; second, learning outcomes are influenced by differences in whether or not participants have received the previous material and third, there is no effect of different participants' learning styles on learning outcomes.