Interpretation Of China Research Articles

Museum as active aging place for elderly volunteer interpreters:from the perspective of Chinese ‘Family’ and ‘State’

ABSTRACT As global populations age, examining how museums can promote active aging holds practical significance. In China, an increasing number of elderly individuals are entering museums as volunteer interpreters. As they serve the museum, this engagement profoundly impacts their active aging. This paper, based on participant observation and in-depth interviews, analyzes the motivations, behaviors, and impacts of 20 elderly volunteer museum interpreters in China. The study reveals that the dialectical relationship between the individual and the ‘family’ and ‘state’ in Chinese traditional culture serves as an intrinsic motivation for the active aging of elderly volunteer interpreters. It also identifies this relationship as an outcome of the active aging they pursue. Chinese museums have contextual specialties in addressing the issue of aging. The study illustrates the value of museums in challenging the perspective of ageism and underscores the importance of cultural context for understanding elderly people’s active aging.

“There Is Only One Childhood”: A New Interpretation of China’s “Crackdown” on Education Companies

In recent years, the Chinese government has implemented a series of dramatic crackdowns on various business sectors in China, one of which, beginning in July 2021, targeted the private tutoring industry. This article offers a new interpretation of this crackdown on private education companies, arguing that it is part of a new comprehensive education policy called the “Double Reduction” (DR) policy. Although the policy’s main goal has been to reduce students’ educational burden, this article also links the policy to China’s core objective of advancing indigenous innovation to enable national rejuvenation. The analysis of the DR policy also reveals two contradictions that currently characterize China’s educational path: first, the contradiction inherent in the authoritarian and paternalistic state using tough measures to enforce parental compliance with policies aimed at fostering more democratic parenting styles; and second, the contradiction inherent in policies aimed at fostering happy childhoods for the purposes of global competitiveness.

Unveiling Public Perception and Interpretation of China’s National Self-Image: Analyzing Chinese Online Commentary Data

This research study aims to address the oversight in previous studies that focused on constructing China’s image through the media without investigating how audiences perceive and interpret that depiction. This study aims to investigate how Chinese internet users perceive China’s self-image to understand Chinese citizens’ attitudes and reactions to political propaganda circulated by Chinese authorities online more effectively. To achieve this, we have chosen “This is China,” an online political program that presents China’s self-image. A total of 60,648 comments were collected and analyzed. For the analysis, T-LDA, Sentiment Analysis, and Semantic Network Analysis were employed. The study reveals six significant factors: Real-Life Stress, Patriotic Sentiment, Rational Emotion, Program Style, Presenter’s Public Persona, and Ironic Remarks, all of which shape the public’s perception of China’s image. Specifically, the study finds that Patriotism and Program Style have a positive influence on the audience’s perception, while the other factors hinder a favorable interpretation of the nation’s image.

A benchmark GaoFen-7 dataset for building extraction from satellite images

Accurate building extraction is crucial for urban understanding, but it often requires a substantial number of building samples. While some building datasets are available for model training, there remains a lack of high-quality building datasets covering urban and rural areas in China. To fill this gap, this study creates a high-resolution GaoFen-7 (GF-7) Building dataset utilizing the Chinese GF-7 imagery from six Chinese cities. The dataset comprises 5,175 pairs of 512 × 512 image tiles, covering 573.17 km2. It contains 170,015 buildings, with 84.8% of the buildings in urban areas and 15.2% in rural areas. The usability of the GF-7 Building dataset has been proved with seven convolutional neural networks, all achieving an overall accuracy (OA) exceeding 93%. Experiments have shown that the GF-7 building dataset can be used for building extraction in urban and rural scenarios. The proposed dataset boasts high quality and high diversity. It supplements existing building datasets and will contribute to promoting new algorithms for building extraction, as well as facilitating intelligent building interpretation in China.

IPO Fund Raising and Chinese Markets IPO Suspension

During the period spanning from 2007 to 2021, China had substantial increase in its Gross Domestic Production (GDP). However, it is noteworthy that this rise was not mirrored by a commensurate expansion in China's A-share market. When examining the performance of China's stock market in relation to other major global economies within the same time frame, it becomes evident that the overall returns of China's stock market are comparatively lower. For example, Standard & Poors 500 increased 236.11%, Nasdaq Composite Index increased 547.75%, the German Stock Index 30 increased 109.99%, and Nikkei Stock Average (Nikkei 225) increased 66.21%, whereas Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite Index increased 33.41%. Based on the monthly Initial Public Offering (IPO) proceeds of China's stock market from 2007 to 2021, this paper comprehensively examines the impact of IPO activities on China's stock market, including the correlation coefficients among IPO fundraised, index amplitude, index return, and GDP. By studying the correlation between the Chinese All-securities Index (CSI) data and IPO fundraising, as well as exploring the impact of policy changes on the market, it can be concluded that IPO fundraising itself has a limited impact on market returns. The low yield in China's country's stock market might be due to corporate information asymmetry, corporate information fraud, and imperfect supervision. The contributions of this paper include the summary and interpretation of China's IPO and related data, the interpretation of China's IPO reform and other policy actions, and the suggestions for the future development direction of China's market.

Quantitative Analysis of Knowledge Graph of Domestic Interpretation Research -- Taking the Periodical Literature of CNKI from 2001 to 2022 as an Example

With the help of CiteSpace, this paper sorts out all the articles on interpretation research collected by China National Knowledge Infrastructure from 2000 to 2022, and analyzes the number of articles published in this field, the status quo of research methods, research hotspots and research trends. The results show that China's interpretation research has formed a clear research framework, which mainly includes four subject categories and research hotspots: theoretical research, skill research, teaching research and other research. The most influential and core keywords include “empirical research”, “training methods”, “pre-translation preparation” and "corpus", etc. These keywords have strong co-occurrence ability with other keywords, which are easy to form a specific research topic and are also the core keywords to promote the structural changes of interpretation research. From 2011 to 2015, the number of published articles reached its peak, and interpretation in China developed professionally. At this stage, interpretation research showed a trend of objectification and standardization.

Investigating the Demotivation Factors of Chinese Student Interpreters in Interpreting Learning

This paper delves into the context of the prevailing low employment rate among professional interpreters in China, with the primary objective of dissecting the sources of demotivation experienced by Chinese student interpreters during their training. The central methodology employed in this research involves conducting a questionnaire survey, followed by statistical analysis using SPSS to derive meaningful insights. The results emphasize the pivotal role of instructors in contributing to the demotivation of student interpreters during the learning process. This highlights the necessity for a proactive approach wherein teachers in the field of interpreting in China must continually update and iterate their teaching methodologies.

Review of China's Environmental Image in Recent Years—Visualization analysis based on CiteSpace

Environmental issues are gradually extending beyond natural sciences to fields such as economy, politics and culture. As an important component of a country's "soft power", environmental image has also become a bargaining chip in the game of national comprehensive power discourse. This article uses the software CiteSpace as a research tool to visually analyze the core literature related to China's environmental image included in CNKI from 2010 to 2021, and to sort out and summarize its research focuses and frontiers. The results show that there have been abundant research results on national image in the academic community, but there is relatively little research on the specific issue of environmental image; Research often takes the interpretation of China's environmental image in the eyes of Western media as an analytical perspective, lacking comparative research on the differences between China's environmental image construction domestic and overseas; Ecological civilization, discourse power, and image construction are future research trends; Further exploration on how to build a harmonious and positive national environmental image is inspired.

Interpreters as Spin Doctors: The Interactional Role of Interpreters in China’s Political Press Conferences

China’s political press conferences have received increasing academic attention as they provide a revealing window into the workings of the political communication system in the authoritarian context. However, the interactional role that interpreters play in these cross-linguistic press conferences remains underexamined. Taking a conversational analytic approach, this qualitative study empirically examines the interactional import of government interpreters’ practices at the Chinese Premier’s Press Conferences (CPPCs) from 2007 to 2023. The analysis reveals that interpreters consistently transform journalists’ questions with respect to (1) word choices, (2) contextual backgrounds, and (3) question forms. These transformative practices work to soften the critical messages that these questions would otherwise convey while also enabling politicians to more easily address these questions without having to deal with the negative consequences that might otherwise follow. I argue that government interpreters in CPPCs actively intervene in substantive ways consistent with a spin doctor role within press conference exchanges.

Value Judgments in Criminal Law Interpretation

Criminal law interpretation in China faces two primary challenges in terms of value judgments. Normative interpretations often fall into circular and inadequate reasoning, while judges, the key figures in applying interpretive principles, frequently lack the necessary value judgment engagement and proficiency. Traditional criminal law interpretation is ensnared in a subjective-objective dichotomy, resulting in a misalignment with the aim of “legitimate and rational” interpretation practices in China. To rectify this, a philosophical shift is required to allow intersubjective value judgments while maintaining subjectivity-objectivity as the prerequisite. Criminal law interpretation ensures the completeness of value judgments through a combination of specialized knowledge and public discourse. This involves the creation of systematic criteria for value judgments and adherence to legal principles. The former necessitates defining the internal and external standards of value judgments, formulating rules for the resolution of conflicting standards, and underlining the practical importance of criminalization under law, or “no crime or punishment without law” (the principle that only the law can define a crime and prescribe a penalty) and “Where no law applies, it is permissible to redefine a crime as non-criminal or minor” (decriminalization). The latter involves three perspectives: logical reasoning and theoretical arguments; positive and negative judgments; and formal and substantive rationality. Moreover, it should be approached from four dimensions: normative orientation, individual case promotion, reverse exclusion, and constitutional guidance.

On the Reformulation of Meanings Guided by the Interpretive Theory: A Case Study of the Interpretation of Premier Li Keqiangs Press Conference 2022

The interpretative theory treats the procedure of interpretation as a way to convey the sense, which suggests that it is not the surface information or linguistic forms, but a faithful reformation of the original sense that should be interpreted. With the continuous development and wide application of interpretation, many interpreters in China consider the interpretative theory as a base in interpretation practice and use various translation techniques to determine the final interpretation. This article takes the Interpretation of Premier Li Keqiangs Press Conference 2022 as an example, further analyzing the concept and application of the interpretative theory. Based on the starting point of the interpretative theory, this interpretation makes deep analysis on the flexible use of different translation skills. The core of the interpretative theory is to tease apart the linguistic meaning and non-language sense. The interpreters make an explanation of the original meaning through language symbols and their own cognitive supplement. What interpreters should pursue is the equivalence of the original interpretation rather than that of the units of language, jumping out of the language framework. This interpretation perfectly demonstrates the core idea of the interpretative theory, and also reflects the basic principles of translation.

"한-중 동시통역 교육을 위한 섀도잉 학습법의 활용 방안 사례 연구 - 중국 내 통역 전공 학습자를 대상으로 -"

"한-중 동시통역 교육을 위한 섀도잉 학습법의 활용 방안 사례 연구 - 중국 내 통역 전공 학습자를 대상으로 -"

Public Perceptions of Diplomatic Interpreters in China: A Corpus-driven Approach

This study explores the public perceptions of diplomatic interpreters and aims to unravel the criteria held by the public and the interpreting profession in evaluating the interpreters. The dissemination of diplomatic interpreting events through new media has led to increased visibility of interpreters and extended the public’s attention from the interpreting product to the interpreters. To gain an insight into public perceptions of interpreters at diplomatic events, this study analyzes the comments from Weibo (a Chinese microblogging platform) on the interpreters in the China-US High-Level Strategic Dialogue (HLSD) in March 2021, the first high-level meeting between the two countries since the start of the Biden administration. ROST CM6 and NVivo 11 are used to visualize the themes of public perceptions on the interpreters. By analyzing 4,278 Weibo entries, it is found that new media platforms not only expand the audience of interpreting events but also facilitate the formation of a new way of interaction. As the indirect user of interpreting services, the public does not apply the traditional functional views (e.g., accuracy and completeness) in evaluating the quality of interpreting but examines it from the perspective of their native language, relying on the formal criteria of interpreting (e.g., fluency and pronunciation). The public is more concerned about the image of the interpreters than the quality of interpreting. The image of the interpreters is viewed by the public as a representation of professionalism.

Analyzing the New Educational Policies on Studying Abroad in the Epidemic Era: Insight From China

Abstract After the epidemic, the increase of the number of Chinese students studying abroad slowed down, and the flow scale of international students entered a downward stage, but the overall trend was still stable. The globalization of education in the epidemic period presents a new feature of “double-edged sword”. Along with the current situation of studying aboard, this study explores China’s new policy on studying abroad in the epidemic era. Overview of China’s new policy on studying abroad during the epidemic period and interpretation of China’s new policy on studying abroad during the epidemic period have been provided in this study. In addition, the suggestions and remarks have been offered in the last.

Examining Chinese-foreign Cooperation in Running Schools During the Epidemic Period: A Macro Education Policy Analysis

Abstract After the epidemic, the increase of the number of Chinese students studying abroad slowed down, and the flow scale of international students entered a downward stage, but the overall trend was still stable. The globalization of education in the epidemic period presents a new feature of “double-edged sword”. Along with the current situation of studying aboard, this study explores China’s new policy on studying abroad in the epidemic era. Overview of China’s new policy on studying abroad during the epidemic period and interpretation of China’s new policy on studying abroad during the epidemic period have been provided in this study. In addition, the suggestions and remarks have been offered in the last.

Judicial application and perfection of commercial bribery of Transnational Corporations in China

With the wave of economic globalization, the problem of commercial bribery of multinational companies, who play an important role in the international market, has gradually become a global problem. The commercial bribery of transnational corporations is harmful to the market order of fair competition in China. Therefore, China should severely crack down on the commercial bribery of multinational companies. Judging from the current judicial situation, there are still many shortcomings in anti-commercial bribery of transnational corporations. This paper will use empirical analysis to study these problems. This article will start with the GlaxoSmithKline case, introduce the current judicial interpretation in China, point out the shortcomings of the legal system, the applicable object, the jurisdictional conflict, and the actual situation of law enforcement. Then, the paper will further analyze the reasons for the shortcomings of the applicable object, the jurisdictional conflict, and the intersection of justice and civil justice. Based on this, these measures should be taken including expanding the scope of application and the scope of jurisdiction, adding a civil compensation system, and strengthening international cooperation.

Challenges in next generation sequencing of homology recombination repair genomic variants in prostate cancer: A nationwide survey and calibration project in China.

Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) is the most reliable and important signaling pathway for repairing DNA damage. We initiated a calibration project to better understand the NGS landscape for HRR gene testing in China, provide indications for testing standardization, and guide clinical practice. A questionnaire was used to collect laboratory information, panel design for HRR gene testing, tissue sample test parameters, plasma ctDNA sample test parameters, and procedures for variant interpretation. The testing quality of the participating laboratories was further evaluated by external quality assessment (EQA), which provided 5 FFPE slices and 5 mimic ctDNA samples as standard references for evaluation. Test results and reports were collected to assess laboratory performance. Our results showed that different laboratories had significant differences in sequencing platforms, library construction technologies, genes in the testing panel, detectable mutation types, probe coverage regions, sequencing parameters, variants interpretation guidelines, and positive test rates. For the EQA test, the overall pass rate was about 60%. The average accuracy for tissue samples and ctDNA samples was 79.55% and 74.13%, respectively. It is worth noting that variants in tandem repetition regions and splice sites, and those with low allele frequency were more prone to misdetection. The most common reasons for misdetection were as follows: the testing panel did not cover the genes or the whole exon and splice sites of the genes; the variants were misclassified as benign or likely benign, and the variants failed the QC criteria. The discrepancies observed in our survey and EQA test affectthe authenticity of HRR gene test results for prostate cancer, underlining the need to establish guidelines for HRR gene testing and variant interpretation in China, and to optimize HRR gene testing in clinical practice to improve management and patient care.

Maine's comparative jurisprudence in British Sinology: George Jamieson's interpretation of China's lack of wills

AbstractNineteenth-century comparative sciences profoundly informed Sinology, but this field remains largely unexplored. Despite recent attention to the comparative study of Chinese religion, researchers have overlooked the comparative spirit underpinning British understanding of Chinese law. This article addresses this oversight by focusing on George Jamieson's (1843–1920) translation and interpretation of Chinese inheritance law in the Qing Dynasty (1636–1912). Drawing on Henry Maine's (1822–1888) comparative jurisprudence, Jamieson reflected upon China's lack of the legal concept of wills, which was a starting point for him to decipher the different developmental routes of Roman and Chinese law. As a parallel to Maine's comparison of Hindu and Roman law, Jamieson compared Chinese with Roman law, revealing that sacrificial duties to ancestors and underdevelopment of the legal profession were key factors contributing to China's legal particularities.

“Confucian Revival” From Both Chinese and Western, Ancient and Modern Perspectives: Observations and Reflections on Post-Millennium Research Into Confucianism

Abstract Confucianism in the new millennium has enjoyed a revival, a resurrection even, like a “wandering soul.” Due to this resurgence, whether it is regarded as an object of study, or as part of modern academic research, Confucianism can no longer be seen as an amalgamated entity, as it was in the last century. In contrast, since 2000, research into Confucian thought has changed not just from both Chinese and Western viewpoints, but from ancient and modern perspectives too. In the last century while China responded to the urgent need to modernize, Confucianism, as a system of ideas and concepts that had been part of classical Chinese society, tended to be examined against these historical changes. In so doing, its “resistance” to modernization was emphasized. Post-2000 however, more mainstream scholars have begun to highlight Confucianism as a reflection of the differences between China and the West. The fundamental reasons for the divisions in research today come from researchers in the West and China placing different degrees of importance on different aspects of the philosophy. Moreover, each group’s understanding and interpretation of China’s ancient and modern society differ.

Pinpointing the Chinese Nomenklatura: An Index to Rank China’s Leadership Positions

ABSTRACT In China, too many leadership positions are assigned to the same broad administrative levels, creating difficulty in distinguishing their specific political rankings. Pinpointing their exact political significance, this study proposes an index using the common joint appointments of party and government positions in the Chinese Nomenklatura. After coming up with the index, to demonstrate applicability, this article uses it first to assess China’s provincial-level positions and then extend it down to prefecture-level and up to Central ministerial positions. The authors believe that this new index enables better observation and interpretation of China’s leadership transfers and, consequently, improves researchers’ understanding of the prospects of Chinese politicians and the dynamics of the Chinese polity.