Broadband Internet Research Articles

Bridging the Digital Divide in Mexico: A Critical Analysis of Telecommunications Infrastructure and Predictive Models for Policy Innovation

This work presents an in-depth evaluation of the telecommunications landscape in Mexico from 2015 to 2023. The study’s primary focus is on the disparities in broadband access, telecommunications infrastructure, and digital inclusion across various regions, particularly between urban and rural areas. By employing predictive models and correlation analysis, the paper identifies key factors influencing technology adoption and service bundling in households. A significant contribution of this research lies in its identification of strong correlations between broadband access, GDP growth, and the penetration of multiple telecommunication services such as fixed telephony, broadband internet, and television. The predictive models developed offer crucial insights into the regional inequalities of digital access, revealing patterns that policymakers can use to prioritize infrastructure investments. The findings underscore the essential role of public policy innovation in promoting digital inclusion, particularly in underdeveloped regions, and provide a robust analytical framework for understanding how advanced telecommunications services contribute to socio-economic development. Through this analytical approach, the study demonstrates the critical relationship between telecommunications infrastructure and regional economic performance, offering data-driven recommendations to bridge the digital divide and enhance connectivity in underserved areas. The results offer significant value for future research and policy initiatives aimed at fostering equitable access to Information and communication technologies, promoting economic growth, and ensuring broader societal inclusion in the digital age.

IoT-Based Control, Monitoring, and Protection System for 3-Phase Induction Motors in Electric Motorcycles

This study investigates the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) for wireless control and monitoring of a 3-phase electric motor using a smartphone. The system integrates PZEM-004T, DS18B20, and Hall Effect sensors to collect data on voltage, current, temperature, and rotational speed using the NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller. Measurements are displayed on an LCD and transmitted to the Blynk server for smartphone access. A comparative method evaluates the accuracy of sensor readings against standard measuring instruments. Results obtained an average percentage error of 0.5% for the R phase voltage, 0.2% for the S phase, and 0.1% for the T phase. Current measurements reveal errors of 5% for the R phase, 10.3% for the S phase, and 11.7% for the T phase. The control system’s performance varies with internet speed, with an average delay of 0.99 seconds on a 4G network and 2.51 seconds on 3G. Additionally, the study evaluates three protection mechanisms, demonstrating that the motor stops within 4.03 seconds in the event of a phase failure, while overcurrent and overheating protections activate within 8.47 seconds and 3.64 seconds, respectively. Overall, the findings affirm the viability of IoT in motor monitoring and control, emphasizing accuracy and response times under varying conditions.

Growing Need for Web-Based Simulation in Low and Middle-Income Countries: A Narrative Review

Web-based simulation programs are poised to offer a productive means of delivering asynchronous training in healthcare professionals’ education. Similarly, web-based simulation programs could also sponsor specialty-specific, web-based fellowships for clinicians of low- and middle-income countries. Web-Based Simulation has been utilized for instruction in critical care fields such as emergency medicine and pediatric anesthesia. Studies have shown that enhanced self-reported knowledge and confidence have been achieved through tele simulation which is in line with in-person simulation. During the COVID-19 pandemic, simulations have helped clinicians hone their use of personal protective equipment and other infection control measures. Additionally, it has helped them in learning new and expanded roles, like processing equipment and assisting infected patients in prone position experiencing respiratory failure. However, web-based simulation programs also have unique challenges that must be satisfied: reliable broadband internet network access, multilingual capability, and programming quality. Studies indicate that cost-effective simulation training can be delivered to learners in remote, low-resource areas worldwide, including South Asia, where access to such education is limited. We aimed to explore the effectiveness, challenges, and strategies for implementing web-based simulation education in low- and middle-income countries, based on a thorough PubMed search focused on web-based simulation programs in medical education.

51 Feasibility of paediatric postoperative telemedicine in Nunavik

Abstract Background To access surgical care, Inuit children from Nunavik are relocated by plane to an urban tertiary hospital. Current processes that require an in-person follow-up appointment extend their stay away from home despite an overall low rate of postoperative complications. Telemedicine presents the opportunity to reduce this delay, but little is known about its feasibility for paediatric postoperative care in Nunavik. Objectives To determine the feasibility of paediatric postoperative telemedicine in Nunavik. Design/Methods In this mixed methods study using a convergent parallel design (August 2022 – May 2023), we recruited eleven healthcare providers who regularly interact with Inuit families of Nunavik. We conducted individual semi-structured in-depth interviews about postoperative care in this setting and analyzed the data thematically. In parallel, we conducted a narrative synthesis of the literature and gathered input from collaborators to assess the potential resources needed to enable postoperative telemedicine in the region. We then determined the capability for telemedicine in each of the fourteen villages of Nunavik using data provided by the regional health board. A meeting with specialists responsible for telemedicine in the region was held to discuss findings and future steps. We analyzed and compared qualitative and quantitative results to determine the degree of postoperative telemedicine readiness in the region. Results The main themes influencing the feasibility of telemedicine were general considerations for telemedicine use as a follow-up modality, patient characteristics most suitable for postoperative telemedicine, resources needed for telemedicine use as a follow-up modality, and the feasibility of postoperative telemedicine as determined by healthcare providers. All interviewees deemed paediatric postoperative telemedicine in this region feasible but highlighted conditions for its success. The narrative review uncovered limited literature on telemedicine use in Nunavik. As of January 2023, the two regional hospitals and three health centers had full capabilities for postoperative telemedicine. The nine other health centers had partial capabilities, mainly due to limited access to stable high-speed Internet and Internet bandwidth. Only regional hospitals had access to hospitalization, imaging, readaptation, and laboratory departments. The participating specialists deemed telemedicine feasible if patient load and burden of administrative work are manageable. Conclusion Postoperative paediatric telemedicine in Nunavik is feasible from a resource, healthcare providers and specialists standpoint. Leveraging centers with appropriate capacity would allow the increase in telemedicine usage in Nunavik. Next steps in this research program include interviews with families to evaluate their needs, preferences and attitudes toward postoperative paediatric telemedicine.

Identifying QOS impacts on the 4G LTE and 5G FWA integration using 2300 to 2400 MHz band reallocation for high-speed internet alternative to traditional fiber

Although 5G technology has been in development for a considerable time, significant challenges regarding its effective implementation still need to be addressed. A key issue lies in using frequency and ensuring coexistence with previous technologies that continue to serve existing users because users in many countries' late adoption of new technologies does not always progress smoothly. This research paper aims to evaluate 5G Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) utilizing the 2300 to 2400 MHz spectrum that is usually used in 4G LTE previous technology, positioned as a viable alternative to traditional fiber optic networks, and its impact on technology valuation in spectrum usage to solve high-speed alternative traditional fiber in rural and urban areas. The study focuses on Quality of Service (QoS) related to user experience with a standard wireless access service parameter while analyzing payload growth and revenue generation improvements compared to LTE technologies. Through rigorous trials, our results demonstrate that 5G FWA not only preserves the QoS experienced but significantly enhances it as a feasibility analysis of network productivity by combining 4G and 5G technology in one service area. The implementation trial of 5G FWA resulted in notable increases of 50 % in more than 20 Mbps data throughput, contributing to 27 % substantial growth in payload and revenue in an area using only 4G LTE before 5G FWA was implemented. By providing detailed performance metrics, the trials highlighted the potential for 5G FWA to deliver broadband services more efficiently and cost-effectively, particularly in regions where geographical or economic factors constrain the expansion of fiber optics.

Understanding the Factors Influencing Adoption of mHealth in Rural Patients: A Case of Embu, Kenya

Background and Purpose: Kenya and other low-income countries face healthcare challenges such as affordability, access, and health worker shortages. Digital technologies have disrupted traditional service delivery in industries such as banking and retail. Significant changes have not yet affected healthcare. Technological advancements in healthcare may help to leapfrog barriers such as the cost of physical infrastructure. The study examined the influence of technical, social, and individual factors in adopting mHealth products in Embu, Kenya. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative study using a structured close-ended questionnaire was conducted in Embu, Kenya, between August and December 2019. Correlation and regression analysis were used to determine the effect of the influential factors on adopting mHealth products. Results: 207 (75%) randomly selected respondents over 18 years completed the survey, with the largest group (39.4%) aged between 35-44 years and 43% holding a post-secondary school diploma. Correlation analysis showed that social factors positively and significantly correlate to mHealth products' adoption (r (207) = .793, P < .05), reflecting a generally favourable view towards using mobile phones for seeking healthcare. Similarly, technical factors showed a significant correlation with mHealth adoption (r (207) = .931, P < .05), supported by widespread smartphone ownership and access to high-speed internet. Individual factors, including perceptions of the time-saving benefits of seeking healthcare services using a mobile phone, also demonstrated a positive correlation with the adoption of mHealth (r (207) = .708, P < .05). Conclusions: Our study underscores the significant relationship of social, technical, and individual factors in adopting mHealth products. Digital health implementers should leverage increasing access to technical factors such as the Internet, smartphones, good mobile network coverage, and high utilization of social media to facilitate the positive adoption of mHealth. Our research provided insights from Embu; however, expansive studies encompassing rural and urban demographics are required to enhance generalizability

Digital Learning Inquality: The Role of Socioeconomic Status in Access to Online Education Resources

The rise of digital learning has transformed education, but it has also exposed significant inequalities, particularly in access to online education resources. This study examines the role of socioeconomic status (SES) in shaping digital learning opportunities and outcomes. Using a qualitative approach, this research adopts a literature review method, analyzing existing studies on digital learning inequality, SES, and online education access. Findings indicate that lower SES is strongly associated with reduced access to essential resources, such as high-speed internet, digital devices, and quality educational content. Students from disadvantaged backgrounds are less likely to have conducive home environments for learning, leading to a widening gap in educational achievement between high- and low-SES groups. The literature further highlights that, despite the increasing availability of online learning platforms, these resources are not equally accessible to all, exacerbating pre-existing educational disparities. Additionally, the digital divide is shown to have broader implications, affecting not only academic performance but also long-term economic and social mobility. This study emphasizes the urgent need for policies that address these inequalities by ensuring equitable access to digital learning tools and fostering digital literacy among underserved populations. By synthesizing existing research, this paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the intersection between SES and digital education access and offers insights for policymakers and educators working to bridge the digital divide.

Digital Inclusion Strategy in Modern Cultural Industries through the Prism of Digital Divide

The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of digital inclusion in modern cultural industries of Ukraine and to outline promising strategies for overcoming the digital divide. Research methodology. The analytical method, the method of analysis and synthesis, the dialogical method, the typological method, the systematic method, the method of comparative analysis and the method of scientific generalisation are applied. Scientific novelty. The problem of digital inclusion in the cultural industry has been studied; the theory of digital inclusion in foreign scientific works is considered; the peculiarities of digital inclusion in modern cultural industries of Ukraine were revealed; promising measures on which the strategy for overcoming the digital divide should be based are outlined. Conclusions. The strategy of digital inclusion of cultural industries in Ukraine should be based on a set of measures aimed at overcoming the digital divide, which includes, first of all: providing high-speed Internet to as large a part of the population as possible; all kinds of assistance in the process of improving the digital literacy of potential consumers of a cultural product / service; provision of high-quality technical support; creation of specialised applications and online content, according to the specifics of the activities covered by each cultural industry. Potential forward-looking steps include providing ongoing support to users, reducing professional jargon and offering interpretive resources, and ensuring that technology and training are offered to all users on an equal basis, not just those confident enough to seek help. The study revealed that at the current stage in Ukraine, only libraries not only offer the Internet, but also provide a range of training services from basic digital literacy to the skills needed to use certain services (audio/video streaming service, file sharing services, online platforms), devices and applications that are currently actively used in the system of cultural industries (for example, applications of augmented reality in museum, exhibition activities, performing arts).

Librarians’ Awareness and Utilization of Open Access Electronic Journals in Nigerian University Libraries

ABSTRACT This study investigated the awareness, utilization, and challenges associated with Open Access electronic journals among librarians in selected university libraries in Ogun State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was employed, and data were collected through a self-developed questionnaire administered to 95 professional librarians. The findings revealed a moderate level of awareness and utilization of certain Open Access journals, with resources like Library Philosophy and Practice, Library and Information Research, and Information Technology and Libraries being among the most widely known and utilized. However, challenges such as power failures, slow internet speed, and the overwhelming number of available resources hindered effective utilization. The study recommends improving IT infrastructure, raising awareness, fostering collaborations, and implementing user-friendly search interfaces to enhance the utilization of Open Access electronic journals.

Construction Jobsite Image Classification Using an Edge Computing Framework

Image classification is increasingly being utilized on construction sites to automate project monitoring, driven by advancements in reality-capture technologies and artificial intelligence (AI). Deploying real-time applications remains a challenge due to the limited computing resources available on-site, particularly on remote construction sites that have limited telecommunication support or access due to high signal attenuation within a structure. To address this issue, this research proposes an efficient edge-computing-enabled image classification framework for support of real-time construction AI applications. A lightweight binary image classifier was developed using MobileNet transfer learning, followed by a quantization process to reduce model size while maintaining accuracy. A complete edge computing hardware module, including components like Raspberry Pi, Edge TPU, and battery, was assembled, and a multimodal software module (incorporating visual, textual, and audio data) was integrated into the edge computing environment to enable an intelligent image classification system. Two practical case studies involving material classification and safety detection were deployed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework. The results demonstrated the developed prototype successfully synchronized multimodal mechanisms and achieved zero latency in differentiating materials and identifying hazardous nails without any internet connectivity. Construction managers can leverage the developed prototype to facilitate centralized management efforts without compromising accuracy or extra investment in computing resources. This research paves the way for edge “intelligence” to be enabled for future construction job sites and promote real-time human-technology interactions without the need for high-speed internet.

The fattening speed: Understanding the impact of internet speed on obesity, and the mediating role of sedentary behaviour

We examine the impact of access to high-speed internet on obesity. Using 14 waves of longitudinal data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey and a newly constructed dataset on the rollout and adoption rate of the National Broadband Network (NBN) across Australian postcodes, we find that access to high-speed internet has a positive effect on obesity. Specifically, our preferred instrumental variable estimates, which predict the variation in timing and location of internet access upgrades, suggest that a 1 % increase in the proportion of a postcode that has access to NBN is associated with a 1.573 increase in Body Mass Index and a 6.6 percentage point increase in the probability of being obese. These results are robust to several checks and alternative specifications. We also find that sedentary behaviour and inactivity are mechanisms through which access to high-speed internet transmits to obesity.

Big Data Analysis on Network Intrusion Detection using High Performance Deep Neural Networks

The rapid evolution of the internet over decades has given rise to a significant increase in cyber-attacks, propelled by the growth of high-speed internet. This paper addresses the escalating threat by focusing on Network Intrusion Detection Techniques in big data environments, specifically utilizing high-performance deep neural networks for analysing intrusive data within the enhanced NSL-KDD dataset. The research emphasizes the application of the random forest algorithm to enhance accuracy in detecting intrusive attack data within large datasets. The proposed model is thoroughly evaluated using the enhanced NSL-KDD dataset, demonstrating superior performance compared to existing systems. The study contributes a comprehensive overview of the methodology, incorporating advanced techniques in deep neural networks and random forest algorithms. The results highlight the effectiveness of the proposed model in bolstering cybersecurity measures, offering a robust solution for the evolving landscape of cyber threats.

The Impact of Digital Economy and Net Export of Goods and Services Towards Employment in the Selected Southeast Asia Countries

The digital economy is rapidly growing and transforming the way people work and do business globally. This growth has a significant impact on employment in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries. This study aimed to examine the impact of the digital economy and net export on employment in selected ASEAN members, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, and Thailand. Sample years were extracted from 1991 to 2021 and the panel data regression method was applied in this study. The result of this study showed that the digital economy; fixed broadband subscription (LBROAD), internet users (LUSER), and net export (LEXP01) had a significant influence on employment (LTEMP).

Has the Development of Broadband Infrastructure Improved Household Energy Consumption in Rural China?

Digital infrastructure plays a crucial role in shaping household energy consumption behaviors, especially in the context of achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals in China. In this study, we explored the impact of broadband infrastructure on household energy consumption and clean fuel choices, using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). In a difference-in-differences (DID) framework, our findings indicate that the promotion of broadband infrastructure significantly increases rural household energy consumption and facilitates a transition to cleaner energy sources. Notably, households with better socioeconomic status, particularly those with higher education and income levels, benefit more from enhanced broadband internet access. Mechanism analysis reveals that the “Broadband China” policy can positively influence household consumption through several potential channels: fostering technological innovation, enhancing energy efficiency in cities, and improving overall environmental awareness. These findings contribute to our understanding of the role of broadband infrastructure in shaping household energy consumption patterns and have important implications for policymakers, particularly in the context of sustainable development and energy transition efforts.

Cognitive effect of product-based animation on interface aesthetics of web-based stores

The increasing internet penetration and the convergence of the online population with the world population highlight the significance of user experience and marketing strategies in the digital landscape. Businesses aim to enhance their online marketing activities, while users seek ease of use, entertainment, and satisfaction from websites. In this context, web animation has emerged as a critical tool for capturing the attention of online consumers. Web animation, defined as “any kind of movement on websites,” has gained prominence due to improved internet speeds and software tools. However, its precise implications for consumer attitudes remain unclear.This paper delves into the impact of product-based web animation on consumer perceptions, specifically aesthetics, entertainment, satisfaction, loyalty, and ease of use. The research investigates whether product-specific animations can mitigate the potential negative effects of web animations and enhance their attraction to online users.The study draws on various hypotheses and employs statistical analyses to explore the influence of product-based animations compared to static websites. It finds that product-based animated websites have a more positive impact on consumer perceptions of entertainment, satisfaction, loyalty, and ease of use, while the effect on aesthetics is not statistically significant.These findings provide valuable insights for web designers and digital marketers, emphasizing the potential of product-based animations to improve user satisfaction and loyalty in e-commerce settings. The study also highlights the need for further research to explore the impact of animation on purchase intentions, consider mobile interfaces, and analyze animation effects across different user profiles and geographic regions, offering promising avenues for future investigations in this evolving field.

Функционирование умного сельского хозяйства в АПК городской агломерации

The article describes the possibilities and feasibility of using digital technologies in agriculture; population growth trends in the world and the need to use smart technologies to ensure increased labor productivity in the industry. The article identifies barriers to the implementation of digitalization in agriculture: lack of accessible infrastructure (broadband and incomplete Internet coverage in the re-gions); partial use of digital technology capabilities; lack of financial resources for the implementation of technologies; distrust of digital technologies; the presence of a large number of reporting forms in the industry; lack of information on digital technologies and the results of their use; low qualification of personnel in the field of digital technologies. The article reflects digital technologies for the formation of smart agriculture in the agro-industrial complex in modern conditions. The produc-tion and financial indicators of the Krasnodarskoye educational farm of the Kuban State Agrarian University over the past 5 years are analyzed as successfully demonstrating the experience of functioning of smart agriculture in the agro-industrial complex of the Krasnodar urban agglomeration.

Using econometric methods to analyze and evaluate the relationship between digitalization indicators and the well-being of regions of the Russian Federation

Subject. The article considers the relationship between digitalization and the level of well-being of regions of the Russian Federation. Objectives. The aim is to identify factors of digitalization that have the greatest impact on the well-being of regions of Russia. Methods. The study employs analysis and synthesis of scientific literature on the research topic, classification, and econometric modeling. Results. We developed a regression model with a fixed effect. The endogenous variable is consumer spending, exogenous variables are the proportion of organizations that used the Internet; the number of subscribers of mobile broadband Internet access per 100 people; the proportion of the population who are active Internet users. We established a relationship between the indicators of digitalization and consumer spending per capita. However, there is no direct relationship between the volume of investments in fixed assets aimed at purchasing ICT equipment with consumer spending per capita. Conclusions. The availability of Internet access is the most obvious indicator of the region's population welfare. On the contrary, the availability of services provided via the Internet did not show a strong connection with consumer spending in the region. Practical application of the constructed model will make it possible to predict the level of well-being while improving digital technologies.

РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ МОБІЛЬНОГО ДОДАТКУ ДЛЯ ВИВЧЕННЯ ІНОЗЕМНИХ МОВ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ МАШИННОГО НАВЧАННЯ

Recently, Ukrainians, especially those who have suddenly found themselves abroad, have faced the need to learn different languages. Each language is associated with the culture of a country, so by learning it, a person not only gets a communication tool, but also immerses himself in the life and customs of the country. Knowledge of foreign languages opens up opportunities for both study and work outside of Ukraine. The growing popularity of mobile devices and the availability of high-speed Internet make mobile language learning apps increasingly popular and effective tools. The purpose of this work is to investigate the possibility of using machine learning algorithms to create a mobile application for learning a foreign language. The ML Kit SDK was used to create a mobile application with a wide range of functions. In the context of learning a foreign language, ML Kit SDK is used to recognize and process speech, translate text, and identify the most important words or phrases in a text, parts of speech, nouns, verbs, adjectives, etc. The mobile application allows you to create unique and personalized settings for each user based on their personal data and preferences. The application offers users a wide range of features in the form of interactive exercises, personalization, progress tracking, and offline support. The software product helps users memorize new vocabulary faster and easier when learning a foreign language. The app is available on mobile devices, making it convenient to use anywhere and anytime. The target audience is people learning a foreign language, students, professionals who need foreign language vocabulary for work, etc. The mobile application can also be useful for foreign language teachers looking for innovative and effective methods of teaching their students.

DIGITAL MENTAL HEALTH: THE FUTURE IS NOW

Over a decade ago, we foresaw the imminent arrival of the digital health era. Yet, it wasn't until the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic that this future truly took shape. The pandemic became a catalyst, seamlessly integrating a spectrum of digital tools into clinical practice, fundamentally transforming the way mental health services were delivered. The inclusion of digital health technologies in our arsenal is not merely an addition; it's a revolutionary shift. These tools are pivotal in enhancing care accessibility and significantly augment our capabilities in diagnosis, treatment, and healthcare delivery, transcending national borders. Telemedicine and clinical systems enabled by the Internet are widely accessible and are beginning to affect the dynamics between doctors and patients, with this trend expected to continue in the future. Telemedicine consultations have become so ubiquitous that they are now routinely conducted via broadband Internet systems hosted in the cloud. This has enabled professionals from various fields within mental health (MH), including psychiatrists, psychologists, marriage and family therapists, and career counselors, to offer e-therapy services.

The Impact of Online Education on Gifted Mathematics Students from Different Family Backgrounds

Goal 4 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals emphasizes ensuring inclusive and equitable quality education to achieve sustainability. It is well known that gifted mathematics education is crucial, but teachers for gifted mathematics education are extremely scarce. The promotion of sustainability in gifted mathematics education on a large scale is an important issue to ensure equity and quality in education. Mathematical competitions have always been an important method for gifted education and have received widespread attention from students and parents. Many high school students prepare for these competitions through extracurricular gifted mathematics tutoring. With the advancement of science and technology and the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, many tutoring courses have gradually turned to online courses. Online gifted mathematics education has become a model for developing gifted education. In this study, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the learning patterns, grades, and family backgrounds of students participating in mathematics competitions in 10 key high schools in Liaoning Province from 2018 to 2024. The research results are as follows: (1) Before the COVID-19 pandemic, extracurricular gifted mathematics education primarily consisted of offline courses. During the COVID-19 pandemic, online learning resources developed rapidly and became prevalent, while offline education decreased. (2) Students from high-income families preferred offline courses when participating in extracurricular gifted education tutoring for mathematics. In contrast, students from middle- and low-income families were more inclined to choose online courses. Household registration and the place of residence had a weak correlation with the time spent participating in online gifted mathematics education. Among the influencing factors, material resources such as computers, smartphones, and broadband internet had a significant mediating effect. (3) With the advent of online education, the correlation between mathematics competition achievements and family income significantly decreased. However, students from rural families face challenges in accessing online education due to a lack of material resources consequent to the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in lower mathematics competition achievements. The results show that online gifted education in mathematics breaks through the limitations of time, space, and resources; solves the problem of scarce teaching staff; and helps promote a comprehensive strategy for sustainable development in gifted education. At the same time, issues such as the digital divide, insufficient hardware, and limited internet access still need to be addressed.