Internet Of Things Control System Research Articles

IoT Control and Visualization System with Digital Twins and Augmented Reality in a Digital Transformation Space

IoT Control and Visualization System with Digital Twins and Augmented Reality in a Digital Transformation Space

IoT Water Quality Monitoring and Control System in Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor to Reduce Total Ammonia Nitrogen.

Traditional aquaculture systems appear challenged by the high levels of total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN) produced, which can harm aquatic life. As demand for global fish production continues to increase, farmers should adopt recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) equipped with biofilters to improve the water quality of the culture. The biofilter plays a crucial role in ammonia removal. Therefore, a biofilter such as a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) biofilter is usually used in the RAS to reduce ammonia. However, the disadvantage of biofilter operation is that it requires an automatic system with a water quality monitoring and control system to ensure optimal performance. Therefore, this study focuses on developing an Internet of Things (IoT) system to monitor and control water quality to achieve optimal biofilm performance in laboratory-scale MBBR. From 35 days into the experiment, water quality was maintained by an aerator's on/off control to provide oxygen levels suitable for the aquatic environment while monitoring the pH, temperature, and total dissolved solids (TDS). When the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the MBBR was optimal, the highest TAN removal efficiency was 50%, with the biofilm thickness reaching 119.88 μm. The forthcoming applications of the IoT water quality monitoring and control system in MBBR enable farmers to set up a system in RAS that can perform real-time measurements, alerts, and adjustments of critical water quality parameters such as TAN levels.

Effeciency assessment of IoT devices control with Teletraffic theory

In connection with the global decarbonization program until 2050, the transition to clean green energy, the growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) number, and energy distribution and control across the load are being raised. The relevance of the work is confirmed that there has been significant growth of the industrial IoT for years, significantly changing the mechanism of industrial enterprise management programs. The object of the research is the IoT device control system for efficient energy distribution using a Queuing Theory, namely the Teletraffic Theory. The novelty of the work is that the Teletraffic Theory, which deals with the mathematical modeling and analysis of traffic patterns in communication networks, can be explicitly applied to IoT device control. The authors developed a mathematical model of IoT control using the Teletraffic Theory and, based on it, created a simulation model of a network router and a transition schedule in the "GPSS World" software. The obtained results of the work were 16 states and a balance equation in which all probabilities were found. Probabilities were used to calculate nodes and network characteristics. 100,000 requests from IoT devices coming to two routers were simulated. The study results showed that the first node's load is 63.2 % with an average processing time per transaction of M=1.436 sec., and the load of the second node is 32 % with M=0.914 sec. The created network router model worked with minimal losses during transactions. Accordingly, the IoT control system developed in this study has shown its effectiveness and is applicable for practical use in controlling IoT devices in Smart Grid. It is planned to research the possibility of using Teletraffic Theory in energy distribution control systems in Smart Grids

Smart Healthy Schools: An IoT-enabled concept for multi-room dynamic air quality control

Smart Healthy Schools (SHS) are a new paradigm in building engineering and infection risk control in school buildings where the disciplines of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), IoT (Internet of Things) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) merge together. In the post-pandemic era, equipping schools with a network of smart IoT sensors has become critical to aspire for the optimal control of the IAQ and lowering the airborne infection risk of several pathogens, indirectly related to cumulated human emitted CO2 levels over time. Thermal energy waste in winter due to improved air renewal remains of major concern but can be well monitored within a SHS monitoring architecture thanks to the flexibility of the LoRaWAN protocol able to process also a large amount of energy and climatic data at room and building scale. In this work, we report the design of the AulaSicura platform, an IoT control system co-designed by the main author and Gizero Energie to implement the SHS paradigm via clearly visible (and audible) alarm signalling in existing and new school buildings. The cloud-based LoRa system is capable of continuous and simultaneous monitoring of a variety of sensors and IAQ parameters including indoor/oudoor temperatures, rel. humidities and human-emitted excess CO2. The multi-room monitoring concept of indoor-CO2 levels allows centralized control of natural ventilation levels in individual classrooms and can handle (quasi)-real-time data, relevant for data post-processing and future developments in (quasi)-real-rime assessment of IAQ and infection risk levels at single room scale. The sensor network is also extensible to up to one thousand of classrooms per LoRa-node allowing centralized control of entire school districts at an urban scale. Moreover, through Modbus-LoRa I/O converters, AulaSicura can also control the same amount of mechanical ventilation units per node either in pure or hybrid mechanical ventilation modes.

Leveraging Linear Quadratic Regulator Cost and Energy Consumption for Ultrareliable and Low-Latency IoT Control Systems

To efficiently support the real-time control applications, networked control systems operating with ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLCs) become fundamental technology for future Internet of things (IoT). However, the design of control, sensing and communications is generally isolated at present. In this paper, we propose the joint optimization of control cost and energy consumption for a centralized wireless networked control system. Specifically, with the ``sensing-then-control'' protocol, we first develop an optimization framework which jointly takes control, sensing and communications into account. In this framework, we derive the spectral efficiency, linear quadratic regulator cost and energy consumption. Then, a novel performance metric called the \textit{energy-to-control efficiency} is proposed for the IoT control system. In addition, we optimize the energy-to-control efficiency while guaranteeing the requirements of URLLCs, thereupon a general and complex max-min joint optimization problem is formulated for the IoT control system. To optimally solve the formulated problem by reasonable complexity, we propose two radio resource allocation algorithms. Finally, simulation results show that our proposed algorithms can significantly improve the energy-to-control efficiency for the IoT control system with URLLCs.

Internet of things control mechanism based on controlled object information perception and multimode image signal processing

With the scale increase of the internet of things (IOT) control system, the difficulty of information acquisition and image processing for controlled objects increases gradually. To solve the above problems, we proposed a stable and robust IOT control system based on the controlled object information sensing algorithm and multi-mode image signal processing. Firstly, a perceptual real-time control algorithm for the controlled objects information is indicated for controlling, monitoring and maintaining the moving objects at anywhere and anytime. Secondly, in the target location 3D area, the pixels of the controlled object are collected. These pixels are combined with the data characteristics of controlled objects to accurately describe the controlled targets. The multi-mode image signal of the controlled object was computed and processed in the multi-dimensional localization region of the image in real time. Finally, the data acquisition accuracy, signal processing accuracy and system execution efficiency of the proposed scheme were analyzed by mathematical analysis and field experiments. The results show that the proposed algorithm and the designed control mechanism of the IOT have good real-time performance, accuracy and robustness.

Information Security Transmission Technology in Internet of Things Control System

<p class="0abstract"><span lang="EN-US">To solve the information security problem in Internet of things control system, the information security transmission technology was mainly discussed and studied, and the basic structure of networking control system was analyzed. From the main control equipment, communication equipment, control equipment, monitoring equipment, information storage device, connecting equipment and other aspects, the further research was carried out. Secondly, the structure of the Internet of things was studied, the security problems which may exist were discussed, and it was analyzed from the access security, transmission security and delays stability safety three aspects. Finally, the information security transmission technology based on the Internet of things control system was explored, and the encryption technology, authentication technology and isolation technology were analyzed in detail. The results showed that the networking control system not only had the advantages of transmission reliability, convenient interaction, and simple assembly, but also had the strengths of disperse structure, real-time data, remote monitoring and others. At last, it is summed up that the existing reliable communication resources are maximized in the transmission mechanism of the Internet of things. </span></p>

An Anonymity, Availability and Security-Ensured Authentication Model of the IoT Control System for Reliable and Anonymous eHealth Services

eHealth is supported by electronic processes and communication. The Internet of Things (IoT) is utilized to realize smart healthcare, backup terminal devices are required for reliable eHealth services, and the IoT control system is essential for the security of IoT applications. In 2013, Yang et al. first added backup terminal devices, a status monitor device and an alarm module to the IoT control system and proposed an authentication mechanism for availability and security. In 2016, Chang et al. found that Yang et al.’s authentication model suffers from some drawbacks. In this paper, we adjust the operation and requirements of the IoT control system and take user anonymity into consideration to propose an authentication model for the IoT control system for reliable and anonymous eHealth services. To ensure anonymity of the user and the accessed service, the real identifiers will not be transmitted for untraceability. The proposed authentication model complies with six essential requirements. Via the proposed authentication model, the IoT control system can ensure reliable and anonymous eHealth services with anonymity, availability and security.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Complex IoT Control System Modeling from Perspectives of Environment Perception and Information Security

Internet of Things (IoT) is an overall industry improvement that joins people, method, data, and things to make masterminded affiliations more critical and profitable than at whatever time in late memory. There are various issues in security of IOT yelling out for courses of action, for instance, RFID mark security, remote security, framework transmission security, security protection and the information that get ready security. The advances in some of the disseminated registering and the Internet of things (IOT) have given a promising opportunity to decide the troubles realized by the extending transportation issues and the author shows a novel multi-layered vehicular data cloud stage by using the basic appropriated processing and IOT propels. Two creative cloud advantages, a watchful ceasing cloud organization and vehicular data mining cloud organization, for vehicle ensure examination in the IoT situation are also given out. Troubles and direction for future work are also given. In this article, the author proposes Forum Alert Traffic Security (FATS) architecture in the Internet of Things (IOT) setting, which together studies development examination, security necessities, and action making arrangements for sight and sound applications.

Theoretical Research on the Time Delay and Corresponding Issues for the Novel Category of Internet of Things Control System

In this paper, we theoretically and numerically analyze the time delay and corresponding issues for the novel category of Internet of things control system. At present, the Internet of things technology progress and mature, people also gradually combine control system and Internet connection and make them to give full play to their strengths. Internet of things has great innovation in goods intelligent network, and the general Internet of things in the motion control system has a great development space, the future of control system is applied to the large number of the wireless fieldbus and sensor networks. To overcome the severe issues of the IOT system denoted as the time delay, we conduct research from following perspectives. (1) The control system modelling and analysis. Compared in the actual control system in an event-driven clock driver has many advantages such as when the controller equipment or setting of event-driven actuators equipment. (2) The time delay analysis with mathematical modelling. Due to the signal delay, controller cannot receive timely feedback information of the object which will seriously affect the dynamic performance of the remote control system. Complex math model is proposed to deal with the issues. In the final part, we numerically simulation the proposed model and theory compared with other famous methods, the result indicates that the proposed method obtain better performance and feasibility.

An Internet of Things Framework for Smart Energy in Buildings: Designs, Prototype, and Experiments

Smart energy in buildings is an important research area of Internet of Things (IoT). Buildings as important parts of the smart grids, their energy efficiency is vital for the environment and global sustainability. Using a LEED-gold-certificated green office building, we built a unique IoT experimental testbed for our energy efficiency and building intelligence research. We first monitor and collect one-year-long building energy usage data and then systematically evaluate and analyze them. The results show that due to the centralized and static building controls, the actual running of green buildings may not be energy efficient even though they may be "green" by design. Inspired by "energy proportional computing" in modern computers, we propose a IoT framework with smart location-based automated and networked energy control, which uses smartphone platform and cloud computing technologies to enable multi-scale energy proportionality including building-, user-, and organizational-level energy proportionality. We further build a proof-of-concept IoT network and control system prototype and carried out real-world experiments which demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution. We envision that the broad application of the proposed solution has not only led to significant economic benefits in term of energy saving, improving home/office network intelligence, but also bought in a huge social implication in terms of global sustainability.

Enhanced mutual authentication model of IoT

The authentication mechanism of the Internet of things (IoT) control system is an important research field. This paper aims to give an appropriate authentication mechanism of IoT control system. It analyzes the pros and cons of some existing authentication mechanisms, proposes an enhanced bi-direction authentication mechanism for IoT control system, discusess the proposed mechanism in detail, including the improvements measures, the authentication process and the authentication model. Finally, this paper presents the security analysis of the enhanced authentication model. Analysis results indicate that the model is a relatively feasible security authentication model for the IoT control system.

Study on the Agricultural Internet of Things Key Technology of the Intelligent Control of Sunlight Greenhouse Complex System

With the development of computer and biological sciences and information technology, the Internet of things (IOT) technology has been successfully applied to agricultural fields. Twenty-first Centuries is the times that science and technology are rapidly developed. The realization of agricultural modernization and integrated management is the urgently problem needed to be solved for modern agricultural technology. In this background, this paper puts forwards the key technology and existing problems of sunlight greenhouse complex system and intelligent IOT control system through the study of identified collecting and processing process of sunlight greenhouse temperature multi-nodes big system. The paper builds parameters mathematical model for the IOT bearing capacity from four aspects, such as, the occupied bandwidth, delay characteristics of the network, packet loss rate and power consumption, and uses MCU signal amplification system and a signal sensor to jointly control the temperature effect of sunlight greenhouse. Eventually, it finds that the occupied bandwidth of intelligent system has reached 35kb, the highest network delay has reached 20s, and the maximum of packet loss rate has reached 2.5%, which proves that the IOT characteristics of intelligent systems have more controlling complexity than that of the local system.