Internet-based E-commerce Research Articles

국제 전자상거래에서 CISG의 적용 가능성에 관한 검토

Purpose - Internet-based e-commerce is rapidly developing and applied, and e-commerce through Internet technology overcomes the time and space constraints of existing business exchanges and facilitates multinational transactions.At the same time, disputes over e-commerce are increasing.In order to solve these disputes, clear laws should be regulated and regulated. Design/methodology/approach - This paper first studies the development and trend of E-commerce, then studies the legal provisions of CISG, and then combines them to analyze and draw a conclusion. Findings - Since its enactment in 1980, the CISG has been one of the most influential international commercial laws to date, with 95 States parties. It is a very important international agreement and norm that helps maintain and facilitate the settlement of international trade disputes and coordination of international merchandise sales activities. However, CISG, which is most widely used in traditional trade, faces many challenges due to the nature of E-commerce, but after studying the development and trend of E-commerce and the legal provisions of E-commerce, we conclude that CISG can be applied to E-commerce. Research implications or Originality - All the international conventions are the fruit of the efforts of the people, CISG, as one of the most important unitary laws of international trade, can be said to be representative.The analysis of CISG's legal provisions should be combined with the current international e-commerce trade form, so that CISG can be reasonably applied to modern trade disputes.

Feature level fine grained sentiment analysis using boosted long short-term memory with improvised local search whale optimization.

In the modern era, Internet-based e-commerce world, consumers express their thoughts on the product or service through ranking and reviews. Sentiment analysis uncovers contextual inferences in user sentiment, assisting the commercial industry and end users in understanding the perception of the product or service. Variations in textual arrangement, complex logic, and sequence length are some of the challenges to accurately forecast the sentiment score of user reviews. Therefore, a novel improvised local search whale optimization improved long short-term memory (LSTM) for feature-level sentiment analysis of online product reviews is proposed in this study. The proposed feature-level sentiment analysis method includes 'data collection', 'pre-processing', 'feature extraction', 'feature selection', and finally 'sentiment classification'. First, the product reviews given from different customers are acquired, and then the retrieved data is pre-processed. These pre-processed data go through a feature extraction procedure using a modified inverse class frequency algorithm (LFMI) based on log term frequency. Then the feature is selected via levy flight-based mayfly optimization algorithm (LFMO). At last, the selected data is transformed to the improvised local search whale optimization boosted long short-term memory (ILW-LSTM) model, which categorizes the sentiment of the customer reviews as 'positive', 'negative', 'very positive', 'very negative', and 'neutral'. The 'Prompt Cloud dataset' is used for the performance study of the suggested classifiers. Our suggested ILW-LSTM model is put to the test using standard performance evaluation. The primary metrics used to assess our suggested model are 'accuracy', 'recall', 'precision', and 'F1-score'. The proposed ILW-LSTM method provides an accuracy of 97%. In comparison to other leading algorithms, the outcome reveals that the ILW-LSTM model outperformed well in feature-level sentiment classification.

E-Tailing in Odisha: Its Expansion, Problems, Opportunities, and Development

India's retail sector is undergoing a transformation. The recent web-technique e-commerce process is still in its early stages, indicating a period of rapid change, confrontation, and opportunity in Indian retail. In the new internet-based world, e-commerce and e-marketing are two key concepts. E-commerce is a business model in which organizations and people conduct e-tailing over the internet. E-tailing, also known as internet shopping, web shopping, or online shopping, is the online promotion of products or services. E-tailing, on the other hand, is the sale of different brands over the internet. The term "e-tailing" refers to electronic retail conducted over the internet. In this present era of electronic retailing importance and market viabilities and developments, various things are discussed in this paper.

SHORT MESSAGE SERVICES AND E-CONTRACTING Jafta v Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife [2008] 10 BLLR 954 (LC)

With the emergence of internet-based e-commerce in the last decade of the 20th century, commercial activity entered into a new era and it has been said that modern society is now past the point where we can treat the Internet and indeed all things electronic as if they were part of some kind of fictional or fantasy realm that is only tangentially connected to the real world. This was brought into clear focus with a recent decision handed down by the Durban Labour Court, where they also warned that, even though e-mails and SMS’s and the language that these text messages carry seem informal, treating them as having no legal effect would be a mistake (Jafta v Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife [2008] 10 BLLR 954 969F).

Heading out SMEs to the e-commerce highway

The contemporary business environment, characterized by high levels of dynamism, turbulence, and uncertainty, has forced companies to re-evaluate traditional models of commerce and make a shift towards Internet-based e-commerce models. Since the perception of usefulness determines the firm’s willingness to adopt e-commerce, this study strives to explore the contributing factors among SMEs in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A survey of 154 SME managers/owners was conducted, to identify variables that are key drivers of perceived usefulness. The findings revealed that the strategic management benefits, compatibility, and external pressures are the key predictors of perceived usefulness. This study also shows that the perceived usefulness of e-commerce is higher, if companies belonging to the same industry, or the same business network, have already adopted this business model. These findings strengthen the idea of the enterprise bandwagon effect. Compared to the newer and younger firms, the results also indicate that mature firms tend to have higher perceived usefulness of e-commerce.

The Recommendation Mechanism Based on Trust Network for E-Commerce

In Internet-based e-commerce, the transaction entities’ trust levels provided by credible recommendation can be viewed as a key indicator for users selecting transaction partners. The trust of transaction entities objectively and comprehensively represents the integrated influence of various trust attributes. Aiming at vicious recommendation in e-commerce, the concept of adopt coefficient is introduced, and the trust vector of the transaction entity is defined. The average amount of each transaction, the transaction number, the bad ratio of target entity is identified as the attributes of the trust feature vector. The trust network for e-commerce is established, and corresponding trust calculation algorithm is proposed and described in detail. According to the model, a user selecting transaction partners can make smart decision considering the potential partners’ recommendation trust and direct trust. The experimental results illustrate the effectiveness and availability of the trust network model for e-commerce and trust calculation algorithm.

A content analysis of electronic cigarette manufacturer websites in China

ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to summarise the websites of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) manufacturers in China and describe how they market their products.MethodsFrom March to April 2013, we used...

Assessment of Internet-based e-Commerce Readiness in Vietnamese Construction Enterprises: Towards an Industry-Oriented Framework and a Context-Specific Instrument

There has been a need to develop an industry-oriented e-commerce readiness assessment tool for the construction sector, especially in developing countries' context. This present study proposed such a framework that properly consider both the organizational and environmental e-readiness and pay more appropriately attention on information issue. A set of context-specific measurement items that is specific to the Vietnamese construction industry was developed. The proposed tool can assist well construction firms in developing countries in creating their own effective action plan towards the initial adoption of Internet-based B2B e-commerce into their business.

How to Find a Fixed Point in Shuffle Efficiently

In electronic voting or whistle blowing, anonymity is necessary. Shuffling is a network security technique that makes the information sender anonymous. We use the concept of shuffling in internet-based lotteries, mental poker, E-commerce systems, and Mix-Net. However, if the shuffling is unjust, the anonymity, privacy, or fairness may be compromised. In this paper, we propose the method for confirming fair mixing by finding a fixed point in the mix system and we can keep the details on ‘how to shuffle’ secret. This method requires only two steps and is efficient.

Six Classic Distribution Paradigms for Global Marketing Channel Strategy

Global marketing has become an established fact of life for more and more businesses. Along with the large multinational corporations that have been operating on a global scale for decades, many middle market or even relatively small firms have already or will soon need to enter the global marketplace to enhance their long-term viability (Czinkota et al 1995). The growth of Internetbased e-commerce has accelerated this global trend. Marketing channels which provide the institutional structure that connects firms to the markets they serve have not escaped this global environment. In today’s world, marketing channel structure and strategy must be formulated in the context of globalization. The six distribution channel paradigms discussed are characterized as ‘classic’ because they have all appeared in the scholarly literature associated with marketing channels and distribution systems for many years and in some cases many decades.

INTER AND INTRA FIRM DIFFUSION OF ICT IN THE UNITED KINGDOM (UK) AND SWITZERLAND (CH) AN INTERNATIONALLY COMPARATIVE STUDY BASED ON FIRM-LEVEL DATA

This paper attempts to at least partially redress a paucity of current literature on the joint analysis of inter and intra firm diffusion of innovations within as well as across countries. In particular, by using two data sets derived from independent country-specific surveys, it undertakes an international comparison of inter and intra firm diffusion of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) use in the UK and Switzerland. This allows one to address many of the problems that have prevented general conclusions on the drivers of inter and intra firm ICT adoption decisions. An encompassing model is proposed which gives quite satisfactory results for both countries. It is found that inter and intra firm ICT adoption decisions are driven by different factors, confirming the findings of Battisti and Stoneman [Battisti, G. and Stoneman, P. (2003) Inter and Intra Firm Effects in the Diffusion of New process Technology. Research Policy, 32, 1641–1655; Battisti, G. and Stoneman, P. (2005) The Intra Firm Diffusion of New Process Technologies. International Journal of Industrial organisation 23, 1–22.] and Hollenstein and Woerter [Hollenstein, H. and Woerter, M. (2004) The Decision to Adopt Internet-based E-commerce. An Empirical Analysis Based on Swiss Firm-level Data. KOF Working paper NG 89, Zurich.] that ‘first use’ and ‘intensification of use’ represent independent choices. The study also suggests that significant differences exist between the UK and Switzerland, probably as a result of their differing diffusion stages. In addition the importance of new organisational and managerial practices as drivers of diffusion stressed by recent theoretical and empirical work is supported for both countries. Overall the findings suggest that comparative research is a promising way to identify robust relationships and should be explored further.

An Integrated Model of the Adoption and Extent of E-Commerce in Firms

This work aims to explain firms’ decisions to adopt Internet-based e-commerce, and the extent to which the adopters subsequently implement e-commerce to commercialize their products and services. We examine various types of factors previously considered by the literature (competitive environment, organizational characteristics, strategic orientation, innovative capacity, managers’ characteristics, IT equipment possessed and the use made of it). The analytical model developed here on the basis of a sample of 2,038 firms suggests that the factors influencing the adoption decision are different from those that eventually influence the results of firms’ commercial operations on the Internet. Likewise, we discuss the contribution of each type of determinant and the implications.

Migrating to internet-based e-commerce

Web technology has enabled e-commerce. However, in our review of the literature, we found little research on how firms can better position themselves when adopting e-commerce for revenue generation...

The Opportunities and Limitations of the Internet in Providing a Quality Tourist Experience

ABSTRACT It is more than a decade since hyped stories about the impact of Internet Technology in the tourism industry have caused much of a stir in the minds of academics, practitioners and public policy makers, among others. Most of the discourses figured throughout around the theme painted pictures of a myriad shades and hues of the days to come. Internet-based marketing and e-commerce are two major, interrelated areas of development impacting the sector. The former reduces information asymmetry between tourists and ultimate service providers in destinations. The latter was predicted to eliminate intermediaries who are either information brokers or those guaranteeing services at the destination. This is true all the more in an environment where tourism is a global industry (with some part of the value chain in the country of origin of the tourist and the remaining in the countries that are destinations) and extremely dependent on information and communication industries. Today, the consumer has more information to make decisions and to access sellers globally, with almost real-time market information providing him with new quality service and experience. With this fundamental power shift of producers to consumers, the way in which marketers think needs to adapt (Corfu, Laranja & Costa, 2003). This paper is focused on the case-study “Solares de Portugal” and basically aims to find out: (1) the importance given by the manor house owners to specific features of travel-related websites' design and their global evaluation of the “Solares de Portugal” website; (2) the perceptions of Internet users on the before mentioned features' website effectiveness as well as their global evaluation of the “Solares de Portugal” website; (3) the correspondence between the two perspectives. The study has provided conclusive evidence about the relevance of efficient website services, as well as other practically employable findings. Thus, it seems reasonable to conclude that society is becoming more familiar with technology, in particular with the PCs and the Internet. This means that the travel industry has now the opportunity to deploy the Web in a more accurate, agile and innovative way. The tourist experience begins with its planning and anticipation stage (Liebman Parrinello, 1993) in the context of which the Internet may provide new quality experiences. From the perspective of the demand side, this may lead to new opportunities of improving the quality of operations and services through the Internet. However, further research will be necessary to dig deeper into those business implications.

Migrating to internet-based e-commerce: Factors affecting e-commerce adoption and migration at the firm level

Web technology has enabled e-commerce. However, in our review of the literature, we found little research on how firms can better position themselves when adopting e-commerce for revenue generation. Drawing upon technology diffusion theory, we developed a conceptual model for assessing e-commerce adoption and migration, incorporating six factors unique to e-commerce. A series of propositions were then developed. Survey data of 1036 firms in a broad range of industries were collected and used to test our model. Our analysis based on multi-nominal logistic regression demonstrated that technology integration, web functionalities, web spending, and partner usage were significant adoption predictors. The model showed that these variables could successfully differentiate non-adopters from adopters. Further, the migration model demonstrated that web functionalities, web spending, and integration of externally oriented inter-organizational systems tend to be the most influential drivers in firms’ migration toward e-commerce, while firm size, partner usage, electronic data interchange (EDI) usage, and perceived obstacles were found to negatively affect e-commerce migration. This suggests that large firms, as well as those that have been relying on outsourcing or EDI, tended to be slow to migrate to the internet platform.

Practical and efficient fair document exchange over networks

This paper presents a practical and efficient protocol to support a common Internet-based e-commerce activity—fair document exchange between two parties. This protocol incorporates a novel RSA-based method for the off-line recovery of a document decryption key of a party. The principal idea for such key recovery is based on a verifiable and recoverable encryption of the document decryption key. The verifiability of the encryption allows another party to verify the correctness of the encrypted key without actually knowing the original key, and the recoverability permits a designated third party to decrypt the encrypted key to recover the original key upon a legitimate request. Such verifiable and recoverable key encryption is essential for ensuring the fairness of the exchange. The protocol presented in this paper is more practical, cost-effective and efficient than other relevant protocols designed for fair document exchange.

Assessing the impact of internet agent on end users' performance

Intelligent software agents that can perform tasks on the user's behalf independently of direct control of the user themselves, promise to evolutionize the way in which we use the Internet to conduct business. Research on how these agents will change the nature of Internet-based e-commerce and what its impact will be on consumers and businesses is only just beginning. To assess the impact of agent usage in a retail online shopping environment, an empirical study was conducted to determine what impact, if any, the use of Shopbots, a form of Internet agent, had on consumers looking to purchase a DVD player online via the World Wide Web [WWW]. Of particular interest was the Internet agent's impact on the user's task performance and task outcomes. These included the time spent on shopping activities, the shopper's confidence in their purchase decision, the quality of the purchase decision made by the shopper and the amount of cognitive effort required to select a product for purchase.

Electronic commerce and open communities: an assessment of internet EDI

Internet-based e-commerce evokes the perspective of dramatic cost reductions, faster transaction processing, and global markets. Until recently, e-commerce was generally confined to business-to-business transactions within strictly closed EDI communities with highly integrated trading systems. It is opinion of many observers that the advent of the internet can offer the opportunity to revitalise traditional EDI, based on the assumption that new Internet-EDI applications might allow the transition from closed to open networks. This should extend the application of e-commerce to broader business communities. The paper makes an assessment of Internet-EDI based on its technical features and documented experience, and evaluates its potential in comparison to traditional EDI. Differently from the common opinion, this analysis leads us to conclude that the use of the internet for EDI does not (necessarily) result in open trading communities, because these depend on the particular inter-organisational and trading agreements between partners.

From Essex to Cyberspace: Virtual Organisational Reality and Real Organisational Virtuality

In this article we argue that current fascination with and enthusiasms for concepts such as virtual working, the virtual organisation and cyber-business, as well as their current practical realisation in internet-based e-commerce, dot.com enterprises, runs the strong risk of repeating past errors in our understanding of the relationship between technology and organisation. In drawing on the classic work of Joan Woodward and the concept of mechanical control, we illustrate how a misinterpretation of this study and a misunderstanding of technology is leading to inappropriate assumptions in the design of systems and organisations. The article concludes by drawing attention to the need to move beyond single conceptions of the ideal user or workplace and incorporate multiple viewpoints that facilitate the creative and innovative use of computer-mediated communication.

The promise of e-business for less developed countries (LDCs)

Industrial development options for less developed countries (LDCs) hinge increasingly on leveraging e-business as a means of promoting upgrading within global value chains. E-business represents a major opportunity for third world companies (TWCs) that can access and use it effectively and a threat to those companies that cannot. E-business holds great promise for TWCs in four key areas: leveraging the potential productivity gains from internet-based B2B e-commerce; maximising operating synergies; exploiting systemic efficiencies and connecting and deepening links, to global production and trade networks. By not making the transition to e-business, TWCs may be placing themselves at risk of becoming less competitive in the globally interconnected market, impacting on both their current market positions and long-term viability. The concordant effects of marginalisation and exclusion are likely to be a combination of: deepening poverty; high unemployment; widening inequality; a weak and rapidly eroding export base and low and even negative growth rates.