International Society For Burn Injuries Research Articles

Surviving Sepsis After Burn Campaign

IntroductionThe Surviving Sepsis Campaign was developed to improve outcomes for all patients with sepsis. Despite sepsis being the primary cause of death after thermal injury, burns have always been excluded from the Surviving Sepsis efforts. To improve sepsis outcomes in burn patients, an international group of burn experts developed the Surviving Sepsis After Burn Campaign (SSABC) as a testable guideline to improve burn sepsis outcomes. MethodsThe International Society for Burn Injuries (ISBI) reached out to regional or national burn organizations to recommend members to participate in the program. Two members of the ISBI developed specific “patient/population, intervention, comparison and outcome” (PICO) questions that paralleled the 2021 Surviving Sepsis Campaign [1]. SSABC participants were asked to search the current literature and rate its quality for each topic. At the Congress of the ISBI, in Guadalajara, Mexico, August 28, 2022, a majority of the participants met to create “statements” based on the literature. The “summary statements” were then sent to all members for comment with the hope of developing an 80% consensus. After four reviews, a consensus statement for each topic was created or “no consensus” was reported. ResultsThe committee developed sixty statements within fourteen topics that provide guidance for the early treatment of sepsis in burn patients. These statements should be used to improve the care of sepsis in burn patients. The statements should not be considered as “static” comments but should rather be used as guidelines for future testing of the best treatments for sepsis in burn patients. They should be updated on a regular basis. ConclusionMembers of the burn community from the around the world have developed the Surviving Sepsis After Burn Campaign guidelines with the goal of improving the outcome of sepsis in burn patients.

Burn Guidelines—An International Comparison

Burn injuries can be life-threatening, thus standardized procedures are essential to ensure the best medical care is provided after injury. Therefore, burn care guidelines were created throughout the world. There are many similarities within the different burn guidelines, especially in basic burn care procedures. Taking a closer look, it becomes clear that there are also a lot of disparities within the guidelines. In this review the guidelines of the German Society of Burn Treatment (DGV), British Burn Association (BBA), European Burns Association (EBA), American Burn Association (ABA), Australian and New Zealand Burn Association (ANZBA), and the International Society for Burn Injuries (ISBI) are compared. The DGV-guidelines focus on pre-hospital treatment measures, intensive care treatment and acute wound therapy, whereas the BBA puts emphasis on infrastructure and staff qualification. The EBA created guidelines for medical practitioners and non-medical staff to standardize burn care in European countries with special focus on clear treatment recommendations and best infrastructural facilities. The ABA underlines the need for best qualified medical staff and ABLS- (Advanced Burn Life Support) standards. The ANZBA focuses on best treatment options including novel wound healing biotechnologies and post-burn return-to-function rehabilitation. In contrast to all other guidelines, the ISBI does not only deal with burn care in developed countries but also in resource-limited settings. Special focus lies on the discussion of ethical issues and cost-effectiveness. In this review, advantages and disadvantages of each guideline are discussed. These findings are supposed to help improving burn care procedures worldwide.

541 Gender Disparities Among Burn Surgery Leadership

Abstract Introduction Gender disparities have been described in the plastic surgery and general surgery literature, but no data has been reported in burn surgery. The aim of this study is to determine gender disparities among burn surgery leadership. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed. Burn surgeons included were directors of American Burn Association (ABA)-verified burn centers, past presidents of the ABA and International Society for Burn Injuries (ISBI), and editors of the Journal of Burn Care & Research, Burns, Burns & Trauma, Annals of Burns & Fire Disasters, and the International Journal of Burns and Trauma. Training, age, H-index, and academic level and leadership position were compared among surgeons identified. Results Among the 69 ABA and ISBI past presidents, 203 burn journals’ editorial board members, and 71 burn unit directors, females represented only2.9 percent, 10.5 percent, and 17 percent, respectively. Among burn unit directors, females completed fellowship training more recently than males (female = 2006, male = 1999, p < 0.02), have lower H-indexes (female = 8.6, male = 17.3, p = 0.03), and are less represented asfull professors (female = 8.3 percent, male = 42.4 percent, p = 0.026). There were no differences in age, residency, research fellowship, or number of fellowships. Conclusions Gender disparities exist in burn surgery and are highlighted at the leadership level, even though female surgeons have a similar age, residency training and other background factors. However, gender diversity in burn surgery may improve as females in junior faculty positions advance in their careers. Applicability of Research to Practice Gender disparities are a significant issue in burn leadership, which needs further discussion at national level and should be addressed more proactively through programs that emphasize leadership opportunities and mentorship for women.

Gender Disparities Among Burn Surgery Leadership.

Gender disparities have been described in the plastic surgery and general surgery literature, but no data have been reported in burn surgery. The aim of this study is to determine gender disparities among burn surgery leadership. A cross-sectional study was performed. Burn surgeons included were directors of American Burn Association (ABA)-verified burn centers, past presidents of the ABA, and International Society for Burn Injuries (ISBI), and editors of the Journal of Burn Care & Research, Burns, Burns & Trauma, Annals of Burns & Fire Disasters, and the International Journal of Burns and Trauma. Training, age, H-index, and academic level and leadership position were compared among surgeons identified. Among the 69 ABA and ISBI past presidents, 203 burn journals' editorial board members, and 71 burn unit directors, females represented only 2.9%, 10.5%, and 17%, respectively. Among burn unit directors, females completed fellowship training more recently than males (female = 2006, male = 1999, P < .02), have lower H-indexes (female = 8.6, male = 17.3, P = .03), and are less represented as full professors (female = 8.3%, male = 42.4%, P = .026). There were no differences in age, residency, research fellowship, or number of fellowships. Gender disparities exist in burn surgery and are highlighted at the leadership level, even though female surgeons have a similar age, residency training, and other background factors. However, gender diversity in burn surgery may improve as females in junior faculty positions advance in their careers.

"Scarless world or scar-less world": expedition on new perspectives on management of post-burn hypertrophic scar.

Hypertrophic scar has always been the top priority of post-burn intervention. Specialists from multiple disciplines have dedicated enormous efforts expanding the knowledge in understanding the etiology of hypertrophic scar formation and establishing the scientific evidence of effective management of hypertrophic scar. The devotion and pursuit of these scientists and clinicians has been especially meaningful for the population in Asia since it has been well proven that hypertrophic scar was endemic to the Asian population comparing to the Caucasians. Besides early intervention, functional outcomes and long-term quality of life for people with extensive burn injuries have been investigated by different researchers and further substantiate the importance of long-term continuum of rehabilitation programs [1, 2].

One world one burn rehabilitation standard

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) burns are a huge global health problem resulting in death and devastation to those who survive large burns as they are faced with significant functional limitations that prevent purposeful and productive living. Members of the International Society for Burn Injuries (ISBI) Rehabilitation Committee conducted a needs assessment survey in order to characterize how burn rehabilitation is implemented worldwide and how the international burn rehabilitation community can help improve burn rehabilitation in identified geographic locations which need assistance in rehabilitating burn survivors successfully. The results of this survey indicated that poor and in some cases resource limited environments (RLEs) around the world seem to lack the financial, educational and material resources to conduct burn rehabilitation successfully. It appears that there are vast discrepancies in the areas of education, training and capacity to conduct research to improve the care of burn survivors as evidenced by the variation in responses between the RLEs and developed countries around the globe. In some cases, the problem is not knowledge, skill and ability to practice burn rehabilitation, but rather having the resources to do so due to financial difficulties.

The design and evaluation of a system for improved surveillance and prevention programmes in resource-limited settings using a hospital-based burn injury questionnaire

BackgroundLimited and fragmented data collection systems exist for burn injury. A global registry may lead to better injury estimates and identify risk factors. A collaborative effort involving the WHO, the...

Hearing the voice of the minority

Tony Bleetman Lead consultant in emergency medicine, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust; HEMS doctor, Great Western Air Ambulance, UK Mark Bloch Consultant anaesthetist and honorary clinical senior lecturer, Royal Aberdeen Children’s Hospital and Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, UK; clinical lead, Bond Offshore Helicopters Patrick M Bourke Director of the Severe Burns Life Support Foundation (SBLS), Member and Former Governor of the NAEMT-USA, Member of the British Burns Association (BBA), Member of NAEMSE-USA, Chair of International Medical and Rescue Association (IMRA), Member of Euro Mediterranean Council for Burns and Fire Disasters (MBC) and the International Society for Burn Injuries (ISBI) Malcolm Boyle Senior lecturer, Department of Community Emergency Health and Paramedic Practice, Monash University, Victoria, Australia Mike Brooke Advanced paramedic, North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, UK Kerry Gaskin (Cook) Senior lecturer in children’s nursing, Institute of Health and Society, Pre-registration Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedic Science, University of Worcester, UK David Davis NHS Pathways clinical lead, South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust; national clinical lead, Health and Social Care Information Centre; director of communications, College of Paramedics John Donaghy Principal lecturer and professional lead for paramedic science, University of Hertfordshire, UK Georgette Eaton Emergency care practitioner, Berkshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, UK; paramedic, South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, UK Mike Essery Emergency care practitioner and clinical team leader, Great Western Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Chippenham, UK Richard Fairhurst Chairman, Standards and Training Board, Faculty of Pre-Hospital Care, Royal College of Surgeons, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK David Fitzpatrick Paramedic clinical research specialist, Scottish Ambulance Service, NMHAP Research Unit, University of Stirling, Scotland, UK Alison Gallacher Paramedic, Northern Ireland, UK Pete Gregory Senior lecturer in paramedic practice, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK Sigurd Haveland Paramedic, Gibraltar Health Authority, Gibraltar Kieran Henry Advanced paramedic, National Ambulance Service, Ireland Grayham Mclean Unscheduled care lead, Welsh Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Swansea, Wales, UK Joanne Mildenhall Paramedic team leader, South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, UK Tom Mallinson Doctor and paramedic, Jersey General Hospital, Jersey Ambulance Service, Jersey, Channel Islands Ian Mursell Consultant paramedic, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust Andy Newton Consultant paramedic; clinical operations director, South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, UK; council chair, College of Paramedics Adrian Noon Primary care doctor in accident and emergency medicine, Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK; medical advisor, West Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, UK Peter O’Meara Professor in rural and regional paramedicine, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia. Mike Page Emergency care practitioner and critical care paramedic, Great Western Air Ambulance, UK; visiting lecturer, University of the West of England, UK Ian Peate Head of School, School of Health Studies, Gibraltar Nigel Rees Senior research lead, Welsh Ambulance Services NHS Trust, UK Steven Scholes Advanced paramedic, North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, UK Lynda Sibson Independent nurse consultant; lecturer, FD Paramedic Studies, Coventry University; telemedicine project manager, Addenbrookes Hospital, UK Rachael Snowden Paramedic, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, UK Adrian South Deputy clinical director, South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, UK Dan Staines Lecturer in paramedic science, Coventry University; Emergency ambulance paramedic, West Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, UK James Taylor Programme manager, Department of Pre-hospital and Retrieval Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK Richard Whitfield Research and development lead, Welsh Ambulance Services NHS Trust, UK Julia Williams Principal lecturer and research lead in paramedic science, University of Hertfordshire, UK Mark Woolcock Training consultant, Tiger Medical, Truro, UK Consultant Editors Lynda Sibson, Ian Peate, Pete Gregory Editor Alistair Quaile alistair.quaile@markallengroup.com Managing Editor Jessica Daniels jessica.daniels@markallengroup.com Commercial Manager Jack Croissant jack.croissant@markallengroup.com Classified Director Rachel McElhinney rachel.mcelhinney@markallengroup.com Production Manager Jon Redmayne Production Assistant Larry Oakes Commercial Director Tom Pollard Publisher and Managing Director Jon Benson Chief Executive Officer Ben Allen

FGM: the role of front-line staff

Tony Bleetman Lead consultant in emergency medicine, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust; HEMS doctor, Great Western Air Ambulance, UK Mark Bloch Consultant anaesthetist and honorary clinical senior lecturer, Royal Aberdeen Children’s Hospital and Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, UK; clinical lead, Bond Offshore Helicopters Patrick M Bourke Director of the Severe Burns Life Support Foundation (SBLS), Member and Former Governor of the NAEMT-USA, Member of the British Burns Association (BBA), Member of NAEMSE-USA, Chair of International Medical and Rescue Association (IMRA), Member of Euro Mediterranean Council for Burns and Fire Disasters (MBC) and the International Society for Burn Injuries (ISBI) Malcolm Boyle Senior lecturer, Department of Community Emergency Health and Paramedic Practice, Monash University, Victoria, Australia Mike Brooke Advanced paramedic, North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, UK Kerry Gaskin (Cook) Senior lecturer in children’s nursing, Institute of Health and Society, Pre-registration Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedic Science, University of Worcester, UK David Davis NHS Pathways clinical lead, South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust; national clinical lead, Health and Social Care Information Centre; director of communications, College of Paramedics John Donaghy Principal lecturer and professional lead for paramedic science, University of Hertfordshire, UK Georgette Eaton Emergency care practitioner, Berkshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, UK; paramedic, South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, UK Mike Essery Emergency care practitioner and clinical team leader, Great Western Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Chippenham, UK Richard Fairhurst Chairman, Standards and Training Board, Faculty of Pre-Hospital Care, Royal College of Surgeons, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK David Fitzpatrick Paramedic clinical research specialist, Scottish Ambulance Service, NMHAP Research Unit, University of Stirling, Scotland, UK Alison Gallacher Paramedic, Northern Ireland, UK Pete Gregory Senior lecturer in paramedic practice, Coventry University, Coventry, UK Sigurd Haveland Paramedic, Gibraltar Health Authority, Gibraltar Kieran Henry Advanced paramedic, National Ambulance Service, Ireland Grayham Mclean Unscheduled care lead, Welsh Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Swansea, Wales, UK Joanne Mildenhall Paramedic team leader, South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, UK Tom Mallinson Doctor and paramedic, Jersey General Hospital, Jersey Ambulance Service, Jersey, Channel Islands Ian Mursell Consultant paramedic, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust Andy Newton Consultant paramedic; clinical operations director, South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, UK; council chair, College of Paramedics Adrian Noon Primary care doctor in accident and emergency medicine, Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK; medical advisor, West Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, UK Peter O’Meara Professor in rural and regional paramedicine, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia. Mike Page Emergency care practitioner and critical care paramedic, Great Western Air Ambulance, UK; visiting lecturer, University of the West of England, UK Ian Peate Head of School, School of Health Studies, Gibraltar Nigel Rees Senior research lead, Welsh Ambulance Services NHS Trust, UK Steven Scholes Advanced paramedic, North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, UK Lynda Sibson Independent nurse consultant; lecturer, FD Paramedic Studies, Coventry University; telemedicine project manager, Addenbrookes Hospital, UK Rachael Snowden Paramedic, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, UK Adrian South Deputy clinical director, South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, UK Dan Staines Lecturer in paramedic science, Coventry University; Emergency ambulance paramedic, West Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, UK James Taylor Programme manager, Department of Pre-hospital and Retrieval Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK Richard Whitfield Research and development lead, Welsh Ambulance Services NHS Trust, UK Julia Williams Principal lecturer and research lead in paramedic science, University of Hertfordshire, UK Mark Woolcock Training consultant, Tiger Medical, Truro, UK Consultant Editors Lynda Sibson, Ian Peate, Pete Gregory Editor Alistair Quaile alistair.quaile@markallengroup.com Managing Editor Jessica Daniels jessica.daniels@markallengroup.com Commercial Manager Jack Croissant jack.croissant@markallengroup.com Classified Director Rachel McElhinney rachel.mcelhinney@markallengroup.com Production Manager Jon Redmayne Production Assistant Larry Oakes Commercial Director Tom Pollard Publisher Peter Black Managing Director Jon Benson Chief Executive Officer Ben Allen

Introducing a new educational program from the International Society for Burn Injuries (ISBI)

Introducing a new educational program from the International Society for Burn Injuries (ISBI)

WHO joins forces with International Society for Burn Injuries to confront global burden of burns

Burns are a serious health problem globally. Every year over 300 000 people die from fires alone. Many more are killed by burns caused by hot liquids, electricity, and chemicals....

Guidelines for dealing with disasters involving large numbers of extensive burns

The following is a set of International Society for Burn Injuries (ISBI) guidelines for dealing with disasters that involve large numbers of serious burn patients. Each country has or should have a disaster planning system that addresses its own particular needs. The intent of these guidelines is to provide a set of fundamental concepts that can be referred to by medical personnel and government officials who are responsible for disaster planning and management. The care of burn victims, including cases complicated by other types of trauma, requires personnel with specialized training and access to proper equipment and supplies. Adequate equipment and supplies are expensive and not always easily acquired. It may not be possible for every medical facility to be fully prepared in this respect, but it is important to prepare and store the minimum amount of packs of equipment and medical supplies as possible. Careful attention must be paid to ensure the proper size of these packages, because it is important to have access to amounts of supplies and equipment that are in line with each other, and nothing should be wasted. Every region of each country must designate areas or locations where these emergency packages will be stored and supervised. Recent advances in burn care are leading to better clinical results. Today, even patients with severe burns can be treated and re-enter society with relative ease. Thoughtful consideration of how to best prepare for burn disasters can save the lives, physical function and appearances of many many patients. Disasters are, by definition, extraordinary situations, but treatments for burn cases are essentially standard. In a well-planned disaster intervention system, ordinary or regular methods will suffice.

International society for burn injuries survey: infection and infectious complications in worldwide burn units

Infection with drug resistant pathogens remains a significant problem in the treatment of burn patients on a worldwide basis. The development of progressively drug resistant microbes has limited the available treatment options in burn patients with serious infections. Further, there are increasing reports of infections due to previously rare organisms, which often present as highly resistant to currently available antimicrobial agents. The number of surviving critically injured burn patients has increased due to advances in critical care, early operative intervention, improved wound care and antibiotics both systemically and topically. Such patients have a long hospital length of stay and are at increased risk of major infectious complications from multi-drug resistant organisms. In an attempt to better understand this problem from a global perspective the International Society for Burn Injuries through its Research Committee is conducting a worldwide survey of its membership and member burn units. The attached survey should allow a more precise assessment of the problem, trends in types of infections and organisms responsible. Additionally, information about newer treatment

The development of the International Society for Burn Injuries and progress in burn care: the whole is greater than the sum of its parts

Book, 7th International Congress on Burn Injuries, Melbourne, Australia, 1986. A 151 [abstract]. [59] Saisy R, Lioret N, Mazanes MJ, Kirsch JM, Baux S. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy and respiratory sequelae after inhalation injury. Programme and Abstract Book, 7th International Congress on Burn Injuries, Melbourne, Australia, 1986. A 187 [abstract]. [60] Vaughan G, Plymate SR, Mason AD Jr. Testosterone (T), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), luteinizing hormone (LH) and thyroid hormones in burn patients. Programme and Abstract Book, 7th International Congress on Burn Injuries, Melbourne, Australia, 1986. A 241 [abstract]. [61] Klasen H. Early oral feeding in patients with extensive burns. Programme and Abstract Book, 7th International Congress on Burn Injuries, Melbourne, Australia, 1986. A 59 [abstract]. [62] Clark CJ, Kinsella J, Gemmell CG, Reid WH. Airway reactivity and bronchoalveolar cell pro®les in ®re victims. Programme and Abstract Book, 8th International Congress on Burn Injuries, New Delhi, India, 1990. p. 339 [abstract]. [63] Gueugniaud P, Bouchard C, Marin-La Fleche I, Durand F, Vaudelin T, Bernard F, Petit P. Cerebral Edema: a new complication of resuscitation in acutely critical burned patients. The teaching of a usual management of the intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion (CPP). Programme and Abstract Book, 8th International Congress on Burn Injuries, New Delhi, India, 1990. p. 158 [abstract]. [64] Session IB, Epidermal culture. Programme and Abstract Book, 8th International Congress on Burn Injuries, New Delhi, India, 1990. p. 20±21 [abstract]. [65] Chu C-S, McManus AT, Guymon CH. Iontophoretic treatment of burn wound sepsis using silver nylon dressings. Programme and Abstract Book. 8th International Congress on Burn Injuries, New Delhi, India, 1990. p. 319 [abstract]. [66] Becker WE, LeVoyer TE, Cio WG, Kim SH, McManus AT, McManus WF, Mason AD, Pruitt BA Jr. Fungal colonization and infection of the burn wound. Programme and Abstract Book, 8th International Congress on Burn Injuries, New Delhi, India, 1990. p. 420 [abstract]. [67] Vaughan GM, Vaughan MK, Waymack JP. Altered TSHthyroid axis control in burned rats. Programme and Abstract Book, 8th International Congress on Burn Injuries, New Delhi, India, 1990. p. 119 [abstract]. [68] Cio WG, Carlson DE, Mason AD, McManus WF, Pruitt BA Jr. Resting metabolism in thermally injured patients. Programme and Abstract Book, 8th International Congress on Burn Injuries, New Delhi, India, 1990. p. 219 [abstract]. [69] Mozingo DW, Cio WG Jr, Becker WK, Mason AD Jr, Pruitt BA Jr. The e€ect of timing of administration of a Trinositol (PP56) on burn wound edema and albumin extravaB.A. Pruitt Jr. / Burns 25 (1999) 683±696 694

Discussion

Discussion

Measurements of quality of life: then and now

Reviewing the burn literature of 25 years ago, one is struck by the excitement caused by the reduction of mortality rates as a result of the scienti®c approach to the problems of burn pathophysiology. Today, however, perhaps no single aspect of burn therapy has seen as much change over the last 25 years as the advent of functional and psychological outcome measurements and, foremost among these, measurements of quality of life. There were some very early studies of psychological complications. Neuropsychiatric problems arising from the Coconut Grove disaster had been reported as early as 1943 by Adler [1] and by Cobb and Linderman [2]. During the early days of organization of institutions and individuals interested in the burn problem, which included the establishment of the International Society for Burn Injuries, the American Burn Association and the publication of the journal Burns, outcome managements were little in evidence. There is some consideration of the prevention of burns, but no discussion of outcomes in the 1964 Bahama Conference [3]. In the second edition of the classic `The Treatment of Burns' [4], there is an excellent chapter entitled `Nursing Care and Psychological Considerations' in which emotional factors and adaptive mechanisms are discussed and the sta€ exhorted to be considerate and attentive to the tremendous psychological needs of inpatients. There is, however, no patient follow-up nor any attempt at analysis of the factors that play a part in psychological complications. The 1968 New York Academy of Sciences meeting devoted to the early treatment of severe burns [5] was probably the ®rst comprehensive meeting devoted to the science of burn care, but there is no mention of outcomes. An early article on outcome problems was published in the psychiatric literature in 1953 [6]. The annual reports of the USA Institute of Surgical Research [7], has contained analysis of range of movement following physical therapy and in one year 231 patients were followed from initial admission until discharge with investigations of range of movement; but there are very little additional data. The ®rst consideration of return to work is contained in an article in the ®rst issue of The Surgical Clinics of North America to be devoted to burns [8]. Thus, at this early stage already, the importance of physical medicine rehabilitation to burn therapy was beginning to be emphasized. In the same issue of the Surgical Clinics the National Burn Information Exchange questionnaire [9] asks respondents to `list physical impairments resulting from the burn injury present at the time of discharge'; however there is no follow-up, so this was an early one-time assessment only. In this atmosphere of scienti®c endeavor it is highly praiseworthy that the ®rst issue of `Burns' did in fact contain an excellent paper on the psychological e€ect of burns by Mr. Douglas Jackson [10]. Mr. Jackson in this article references Cobb and Adler's work on the Coconut Grove ®re and extends these with observations of his own. Thus, even in the ®rst issue, this journal ful®lled its role as representing a holistic approach to burn therapy.

Simple Guides: a project of the International Society for Burn Injuries in collaboration with the World Health Organization

Simple Guides: a project of the International Society for Burn Injuries in collaboration with the World Health Organization

Including Thermal Injury The Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries

Including Thermal Injury The Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries

The Seventh International Congress on Burn Injuries.

The Seventh International Congress on Burn Injuries was held in Melbourne, 23–28 February 1986, and is the most important conference on burn injuries. It is sponsored by the International Society for Burn Injuries and held every 4 years in various countries. On this occasion the Australian and New Zealand Burn Association was proud to be host to congress with 450 delegates from 50 countries.