International Office Research Articles

JDSU uses personality typology during management Empowerment Camps

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to gauge the success of optical product maker JDSU’s effort to engage Human Resources as a strategic partner in building an international company culture using training in the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator to bring diverse teams together with a common management language for discussing interpersonal and team dynamics. Design/methodology/approach – The study relied on interviews with managers, employees, and designers of JDSU’s Empowerment Camp on their experience of improvement in management and communication in the organization. Findings – With a common language for discussing communication, management, and interpersonal interaction centered around insights derived from management’s training in the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator through the Empowerment Camp, members of the organization encountered a more unified and effective management approach across JDSU’s diverse web of international offices. Originality/value – This paper is the first to explore a company’s effort to engage Human Resources as a strategic partner in building an international company culture.

A model of the factors affecting international postgraduate students’ pursuit of degrees: A case study

The aim of this paper is to present a model of the factors affecting international students’ pursuit of their academic degrees in tertiary institutions. This was achieved by identifying factors that commonly affect international postgraduate students. This was a questionnaire based case study with a sample of 24 post-graduate international students from one university in KwaZulu-Natal. Questionnaires were analysed using SPSS (version 21.0) and WarpPLS (4.0). WarpPLS (4.0) was used to draw up a statistically based model regarding the factors affecting international students in pursuit of their academic degrees. Results from the model show that financial stress, accommodation challenges, cultural shock, loneliness/homesick, communication skills and evaluation of their (previous) university experience affect students in their pursuit of their academic degrees in higher education. These findings could be used by students themselves to make them aware of possible challenges that lie ahead as well as by staff in international student offices at higher education institutions.

Defining forms of public space: a frame for understanding ‘the Vatican’s economic reform’

This article aims to construct a frame for the sake of understanding why the Vatican’s economic reform is so often called into question in the public space. For present purposes, the public space must be distinguished according to the differing forms in which it manifests itself: democratic movements, social initiatives and the mechanisms of the free market economy. With respect to the latter form, the Vatican economic reform is observed and judged by the Church’s different publics, for instance, her faithful, her international financial regulators and governmental organizations. The frame here established allows an analysis of some of Pope Francis’ most important decisions regarding ‘the Vatican’s economic reform’. These decisions have neither been simply the fruit of the Holy Father’s desire to change the Roman Curia’s administration, nor have they been solely dependent on pressure from international regulation offices. The Vatican accepted external requirements in order to preserve its institutional mission, which is primarily a spiritual mission in service to its faithful all around the world. Pope Francis’ leadership is not only rooted in his authenticity, being himself extremely attractive to the media, but also in his credibility, being a pastor with the capacity to change the institution from within. These two characteristics, falling within the categories of transparency and reform, are greatly appreciated in the public space.

International Students Recruiting as an Element of Russian Universities Internationalization

The article falls under review category. The aim of the article is to find a solution to the problem of international student recruiting management, forming a more overall approach to recruiting management including adjacent stages. The article has been written because of the growing interest towards internationalization and foreign student recruiting as part of internationalization process. Often Russian universities see recruiting as an independent process aimed at achieving certain control numbers, whereas in the international educational space recruiting is one of the elements of interacting with foreign students. The article provides an overview of approaches to attracting foreign students both in countries having the leading position in this field (the USA, Canada) and in South Pacific countries and Eastern Europe that have recently started an active development in this area. The authors used such methods as theoretical analysis of the course, statistical data analysis, interviews with heads of departments dealing with foreign students recruiting at international educational institutions, analyzing organization of recruiting activities during international business trips. The article demonstrates that despite active state support of foreign students recruiting in the abovementioned countries, results of recruiting largely depend on activities of universities themselves. The stated goal can be reached by coherent work at two levels: state and intra-university. At the state level it means supporting continuous dialogue between universities and the Ministry of Education; at intra-university it requires using complex recruiting technology. The value of the article is in suggesting practical steps on organizing pre-recruiting, recruiting and post-recruiting activities at the university level. The article is of interest for vice-rectors on international activities aimed at foreign students recruitment, heads of international offices, and foreign students recruiting offices.

UNIRIO: A Model of Evolving Museology Teaching in Brazil

For the better part of the 20th century, the teaching of museology in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil was centred in the Curso de Museus (Museums Course), created in 1932 at the Museu Historico Nacional (, National Historical Museum). The course was developed in response to a demand for trained professionals to exclusively staff the after its founding in 1922. Nevertheless, since its first years of existence, the course was also influenced by global ideas and intellectual trends primarily disseminated, from the 1920s onwards, by the Office International des Musées ( International Office of Museums) and by the International Council of Museums () from 1940 to the present day. In a preliminary overview of the teaching of Museology in Brazil, it is fair to assume that the Rio de Janeiro course, which has been held since the 1970s—both at undergraduate and postgraduate levels—at a University rather than in a museum, constitutes the most important model for several new teaching programmes that have emerged all over the country. This paper explores the theoretical emphasis placed on capacity building in Brazilian museology, and particularly in the context of Rio de Janeiro during the final three decades of the 20th century. From the course, which began with a direct connection to museum practices, the teaching of museology in the country has significantly changed, particularly under the major influence of theories developed by the International Committee for Museology (). These ‘ian’ approaches were taken up by Brazilian scholars aiming to develop the foundations of academic thinking in museology, and who consequently established a teaching tradition that encompasses a specific set of theoretical approaches to museums and heritage in the present.

Patent citation analysis with Google

Citations from patents to scientific publications provide useful evidence about the commercial impact of academic research, but automatically searchable databases are needed to exploit this connection for large‐scale patent citation evaluations. Google covers multiple different international patent office databases but does not index patent citations or allow automatic searches. In response, this article introduces a semiautomatic indirect method via Bing to extract and filter patent citations from Google to academic papers with an overall precision of 98%. The method was evaluated with 322,192 science and engineering Scopus articles from every second year for the period 1996–2012. Although manual Google Patent searches give more results, especially for articles with many patent citations, the difference is not large enough to be a major problem. Within Biomedical Engineering, Biotechnology, and Pharmacology & Pharmaceutics, 7% to 10% of Scopus articles had at least one patent citation but other fields had far fewer, so patent citation analysis is only relevant for a minority of publications. Low but positive correlations between Google Patent citations and Scopus citations across all fields suggest that traditional citation counts cannot substitute for patent citations when evaluating research.

Usability Assessment of International Office Website of Diponegoro University with Scenario-Based Usability Evaluation Method and Wammi Method

Website development needs to pay attention to usability aspect which consist of four factors: efficiency, effectiveness, satisfactions and error rate. The website of International Office of Diponegoro University provides academic information for Indonesian students and foreign students. The website still has some problem, especially on searching certain information. This research aims to evaluate the design of the existing website and measures the usability. A well-designed website will help users to meet theirs needs and purposes. The methods used in this study are Scenario-Based End-User Evaluation and WAMMI (Website Analysis and Measurement Inventory). Users perform a number of task on the existing website and on the redesigned website and then provide feedback for each task they have done and fill a WAMMI questionnaire as a test of memorability. This questionnaire used to test users’ memory on access process of a page from the site. The results of the data processing of usability test show that redesigned website has better value than existing website on effectiveness, efficiency, memorability and error rate.

CULTURE SHOCK EXPERIENCED BY FOREIGN STUDENTS STUDYING AT INDONESIAN UNIVERSITIES

This study was designed to examine the potential culture shock experienced by foreign students in Indonesian university. There were 10 foreign students who responded to the questionnaires sent by the writer through BIPA (Indonesian for foreigners) in international office of foreign students universities. It was found that there were three points of academic life that make foreign students experience culture shock, namely: teacher's roles and attitudes; poorly organized programs; and the local students attitudes. In social life, it was found that foreign students experienced culture shock in 3 aspects, namely: women-men relationships; different ways of thinking and different habits.

Inside the Global Policing System: Liaison Officers Deployed in Washington, DC

This article provides an original perspective on global policing by scrutinizing how international liaison officers perform their duties in collaboration with police agencies in the United States. By analyzing the experience of ILOs deployed in Washington, DC, the study focuses on the identification of adaptation strategies as well as the integration mechanisms they are employing to achieve their mission. The research uses the theoretical framework developed by Michel Crozier and Erhard Friedberg (strategic analysis) and scrutinizes the use of power and influence by ILOs as well as the game dynamic between US police-agency officers and international liaison officers. The findings show that international liaison officers are highly autonomous, but their experience in terms of adaptation and integration into the global policing system may vary greatly according to the strategies they are employing.

Critical voices against the Bologna Process in Turkey: Neo-liberal governance in higher education

AbstractThis article analyzes critical voices raised against the Bologna Process by various stake-holders of higher education in Turkey, such as rectors, professors, international office staff, students, and civil society organizations. The data collected through in-depth interviews were analyzed using the discourse analysis method on the basis of the interlocutors’ reflections on the Bologna Process. It is claimed in the article that most universities in Turkey have attempted a process of internationalization and institutionalization, but that there have been several impediments during the implementation of the Bologna Process. Rising Euroskepticism in Turkey has also changed the process of Europeanization in the universities. It is revealed that the structural changes made in line with the Bologna Process are perceived by several different stake-holders as neo-liberal acts, and are presented as activities of internationalization, but not of Europeanization.

Multicultural Benefits and Challenges for International Students during Period of Their Study: Case Study in Malaysia

Abstract Current researches on internationalization claim “studying overseas” as a set of potential that assist the augmentation of “globalization”. This article presents the Multicultural Benefits and challenges for International Students during Period of their Study in university Putra Malaysia. Qualitative method and convenience sampling was applied. Semi-structured interview and in depth interviews were conducted on 20 postgraduate students from various fields of study. The result of study showed that the benefits and challenges faced by the international post- graduate students can classify into distinct categories. Studying overseas offers benefits and plus points in terms of Career perspective, cultural familiarity, self-development. The challenges included problems related to facilities, social environment, education system, financial problem and international office programs. The comments made by the students could be considered by the university authorities for improvement in quality of education for international students during their studies. Keywords: International post-graduate students, challenges and benefits, qualitative method.

Sourcing complexity in the Chinese manufacturing sector: An assessment of intangible factors and contractual relationship strategies

Over the past three decades original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) located in China and elsewhere have been aggressively sourcing from Chinese suppliers. This has significantly contributed toward the complexity of global supply chains. Generally, both tangible and intangible factors contribute to the complexity, with intangible factors being relatively more dominant compared with the tangible factors. Through an extensive literature review we identify several intangible factors associated with people, culture, and infrastructure; as well as policies and regulations on sourcing complexity. We investigate the impact of these factors and elements on sourcing complexity, using a sample of 101 OEMs based in China. Using importance–complexity matrix analysis we identify lack of knowledge, quality issues, price erosion, increases in comparative price levels, supply risk and demand volatility as critical intangible elements. We suggest appropriate supplier contractual strategies such as collaborative relationships as we predict that contractual relationships that benefit by trust, shared knowledge, skill development and direct purchase from suppliers or through international procurement offices would suppress or greatly diminish most of the intangible sourcing complexity elements.

Handling child care proceedings

Awaz Raoof, international research officer at Coram Children's Legal Centre, takes a look at two recent judgments of the Family Division of the High Court regarding councils' handling of care proceedings

Prevalence and Antibiogram Profile of Salmonellae in Intensively Reared and Backyard Chickens in Nsukka Area, Nigeria

Salmonellosis is a veterinary and public health problem of major importance. It is a leading cause of food poisoning in humans and an important cause of various diseases of livestock resulting in high morbidity and mortality. A cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of salmonellae in intensively reared and backyard chickens from poultry farms and markets across Nsukka environs, and to determine their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles. A total of 300 chickens comprising of 150 intensively reared and 150 backyard chickens were sampled by cloacal swab using International Office of Epizootics (OIE) standards. Out of 300 samples, 12 (4%) were positive for salmonellae. Salmonellae prevalence rates of 1.3% in intensively reared and 6.7% in backyard chickens were observed. The prevalence rate of salmonellae was significantly higher (P ˂ 0.05) in backyard chickens than in intensively reared chickens. The antibiogram studies showed that the Salmonella serovars were totally (100%) resistant to amoxicillin and augmentin, moderately sensitive to nalidixic acid (67%) and nitrofurantoin (83%); and fully sensitive (100%) to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, and gentamicin. The MIC ranges for cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tetracycline, were 8-16, 0.016-0.125, 0.5-1.0, and 2.0-8.0 μg/ml, respectively. MBC values of 0.031-0.5, 1.0-4.0, and 64.0-512.0 μg/ml, were obtain for ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tetracycline, respectively. This study have shown that poultry birds harbour Salmonella spp. and could serve as reservoirs for the rare serotypes whose transmission vehicles remain unknown.Keywords: Salmonella spp., intensively reared chickens, backyard chickens, sensitive, resistant, antibiotics

Prevalence and Antibiogram Profile of Salmonellae in Intensively Reared and Backyard Chickens in Nsukka Area, Nigeria

Salmonellosis is a veterinary and public health problem of major importance. It is a leading cause of food poisoning in humans and an important cause of various diseases of livestock resulting in high morbidity and mortality. A cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of salmonellae in intensively reared and backyard chickens from poultry farms and markets across Nsukka environs, and to determine their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles. A total of 300 chickens comprising of 150 intensively reared and 150 backyard chickens were sampled by cloacal swab using International Office of Epizootics (OIE) standards. Out of 300 samples, 12 (4%) were positive for salmonellae. Salmonellae prevalence rates of 1.3% in intensively reared and 6.7% in backyard chickens were observed. The prevalence rate of salmonellae was significantly higher (P ˂ 0.05) in backyard chickens than in intensively reared chickens. The antibiogram studies showed that the Salmonella serovars were totally (100%) resistant to amoxicillin and augmentin, moderately sensitive to nalidixic acid (67%) and nitrofurantoin (83%); and fully sensitive (100%) to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, and gentamicin. The MIC ranges for cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tetracycline, were 8-16, 0.016-0.125, 0.5-1.0, and 2.0-8.0 μg/ml, respectively. MBC values of 0.031-0.5, 1.0-4.0, and 64.0-512.0 μg/ml, were obtain for ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tetracycline, respectively. This study have shown that poultry birds harbour Salmonella spp. and could serve as reservoirs for the rare serotypes whose transmission vehicles remain unknown. Keywords: Salmonella spp., intensively reared chickens, backyard chickens, sensitive, resistant, antibiotics

Justifying India's Patent Position to the United States International Trade Commission and Office of United States Trade Representative

The paper below largely is an extract of the testimonial filed by the authors to the Secretary of the ITC in response to the Notice on the Federal Register dated August 29, 2013 titled Trade, Investment, and Industrial Policies in India: Effects on the U.S. Economy. Where required, the paper also draws from the written submissions that the authors made to the United States Trade Representative’s (hereinafter, USTR) office on the related question of whether India deny adequate and effective protection of intellectual property rights or deny fair and equitable market access to U.S. persons who rely on intellectual property protection. The authors submitted the testimonials to the ITC as well as the USTR and as legal academics with expertise in patent law, trade law, the TRIPS agreement and the law of India. Each of the authors had engaged in this field for more than 10 years and has closely followed the developments within India in relation to the prescriptions of the TRIPS agreement.

Spatial Dependence in International Office Markets

This paper investigates spatial dependence in the prices of office buildings in Hong Kong, London, Los Angeles, New York City, Paris, and Tokyo for 2007 to 2013. Compared to prior literature, we find low economic impact from spatial dependence in all six markets, and spatial and spatial-temporal dependence do not moderate the effects of hedonic characteristics statistically or economically. However, investor and seller types as well as neighborhood location have a significant impact on the economic and statistical significance of the spatial and spatial-temporal parameters. Spatial office price indices for London, Paris and Tokyo decline somewhat more than do hedonic indices during the crisis.

Connecting MPAs – eight challenges for science and management

ABSTRACTConnectivity is a crucial process underpinning the persistence, recovery, and productivity of marine ecosystems. The Convention on Biological Diversity, through the Aichi Target 11, has set the ambitious objective of implementing a ‘well connected system of protected areas’ by 2020.This paper identifies eight challenges toward the integration of connectivity into MPA network management and planning. A summary table lists the main recommendations in terms of method, tool, advice, or action to address each of these challenges. Authors belong to a science–management continuum including researchers, international NGO officers, and national MPA agency members.Three knowledge challenges are addressed: selecting and integrating connectivity measurement metrics; assessing the accuracy and uncertainty of connectivity measurements; and communicating and visualizing connectivity measurements.Three management challenges are described: integrating connectivity into the planning and management of MPA networks; setting quantitative connectivity targets; and implementing connectivity‐based management across scales and marine jurisdictions.Finally, two paths toward a better integration of connectivity science with MPA management are proposed: setting management‐driven priorities for connectivity research, bridging connectivity science, and MPA network management.There is no single method to integrate connectivity into marine spatial planning. Rather, an array of methods can be assembled according to the MPA network objectives, budget, available skills, data, and timeframe.Overall, setting up ‘boundary organizations’ should be promoted to organize complex cross‐disciplinary, cross‐sectoral and cross‐jurisdiction interactions that are needed between scientists, managers, stakeholders and decision‐makers to make informed decision regarding connectivity‐based MPA planning and management.Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

State Street learns to stay globally inclusive

Purpose – This paper aims to describe an online inclusiveness-training initiative launched at global financial-services company State Street Corporation, which helped the company to earn a place among The Times Top 50 Employers for Women. Design/methodology/approach – It explains the reasons for the program, the form it took and the results it achieved. Findings – It reveals that State Street decided to include employees from every level of the company in the design, development and implementation of the training. Details how an Intranet site provides employees with additional learning resources and opportunities for discussion. It illustrates how management-level accountability for the up-take of the program helped to identify areas where further promotion was needed and instilled a sense of competition among team-leaders. Practical implications – It highlights how female representation on the executive board of State Street, UK, has risen to 36 from 11 per cent and how, since the training began, 75 per cent of senior UK recruits have been women. Social implications – It outlines how the company has maintained its commitment to improving workplace gender equality and reducing the gender wage gap. Originality/value – It describes how managers from the company’s various international offices were logged into a “virtual classroom” in groups of 50, where they watched the training modules delivered live and conferred online with their “classmates” around the world.

Increasing Participation in Study Abroad Programs: Organizational Strategies in Quebec CEGEPs

International experience is said to promote students’ intercultural sensitivity, employability and academic achievement; yet few community college students go abroad during their studies. This study aims to identify which organizational strategies are related to the participation rate in study abroad programs (SAPs). Taking the case of Quebec general and vocational colleges (CEGEPs [collèges d’enseignement general et professionnel]), a group-frequency analysis was performed on data obtained through a survey to which 39 CEGEPs responded (81% of the population). Using Knight’s (1999, 2004) terminology of organizational strategies, findings reveal that institutions with higher participation rates use four strategies to a greater extent: institutional commitment towards internationalization; educative mission statement referring to SAPs; international offices; and funding offered to students who participate in SAPs. A standard regression confirms that commitment and funding are positively correlated with student participation rates.