International Modern Research Articles

Zaritsky/Rusli: A Multidirectional Approach to Curating International Modern Art

Zaritsky/Rusli: A Multidirectional Approach to Curating International Modern Art

Komplex nadřazenosti. „Naše“ versus „cizí“ v českém užitém umění mezi světovými válkami

André Gide described Soviet attitudes towards the outside world in the 1930s as a manifestation of a superiority complex. And it seems to me that the proclamations of representatives of architecture, applied arts and professional art education in the Czech lands between 1918 and 1925, when they created a “national” or “state” style, do not differ much from these attitudes in many ways. In the texts of Pavel Janák, Otakar Novotný, Jaroslav Benda, V. V. Štech and others, the pronoun “our” occurs most often, which seems to have been generally accepted without further explanation; the opposite is “foreigners” who have nothing more to offer “us” – as the above-mentioned representatives of the Czechoslovak Werkbund, an organization that has set itself the goal of raising the level of housing culture and the environment of life in general, assure themselves. It manifestly promoted “domestic values and domestic spirit”, which are embodied in Slavic poetic, emotional, melodic works, suitable for the mood of “our people”, who were defined as a small, modest person, an ordinary descendant of farmers and village teachers. He is satisfied with the “provinciality”, the “obsolescence” of “our” art, because it reflects “our” conditions. Although the textual programmes of the representatives of the state, national style come to terms with the position of Czech applied art and architecture on the world stage in an immature way, the actual results of their artistic work no longer have to be evaluated from the modernist perspective as a dead end, but as distinctive manifestations of international modern decorativism, despite the isolationist ideas of the creators at the time.

Determination of the Efficiency of Steel Structures of a Warehouse Building Roof

Purpose. The main purpose of this article is to compare the main technical and economic indicators of two proposed structural variants of steel coverings for a class B+ warehouse building in the city of Dnipro. The relevance of the work is related to the constant increase in the volume and pace of freight transportation both globally and in Ukraine, especially in recent years. This requires the creation of new and expansion of existing warehouses of various types. In turn, this leads to the need to create such load-bearing structures for storage areas that would be able to cover significant spans and at the same time ensure minimal costs for their construction and operation. Methodology. To achieve this goal, we analyzed modern classifications of warehouse buildings according to national standards and international approaches, determined the class of the building in question according to these two methods, and developed two structural options for steel roofing - based on a load-bearing beam in the form of a truss truss and based on a beam-frame scheme. Finite element models for both proposed structural options were built using the domestic design complex Lira-CAD. Based on the analysis of their stress-strain state, rational cross-sections were selected for each design option, and the total weight and cost were calculated. Findings. A comparative analysis of the two developed structural solutions for the steel roof of a warehouse building revealed that the variant with the use of a beam-frame system has about 10% less weight and cost. Also, its manufacturability is higher than that of the truss system. Originality. As a result of the numerical analysis, a more rational and efficient design solution for the steel roof of a warehouse building in the city of Dnipro was theoretically substantiated. Practical value. A constructive variant of the steel coating has been developed and proposed for practical implementation, which, in terms of its technical and economic indicators, is the most effective for the conditions of a modern industrial enterprise. Also, the developed constructive variant of the warehouse building is classified in accordance with domestic and international modern approaches.

Recent progress in the study of chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Cassia Semen

Cassia Semen is the mature seed of the leguminous plant Cassia obtusifolia L. or Cassia tora L. They are known for clearing heat, improving vision, and promoting bowel movements. Modern chemical research has shown that Cassia Semen is rich in anthraquinones, naphthopyranones, and fatty acids, among other chemical components. Pharmacological studies have demonstrated various effects of Cassia Semen, including lowering blood lipid levels, reducing blood pressure, regulating blood glucose, promoting bowel movements, protecting the liver, improving vision, exhibiting antioxidant and anti-aging properties, inhibiting bacteria, and exerting anti-cancer effects. By reviewing recent domestic and international modern research on Cassia Semen, this article provides a literature review on its chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, and recent progress in clinical studies. The aim is to offer references for the rational clinical application of Cassia Semen, the mechanisms of its pharmacological and toxicological effects, as well as the modern development of traditional Chinese medicine.

Regionalism in Design Development Contemporary Mosque Architecture in Indonesia

The architectural designs of contemporary mosques in Indonesia show varied designs, including international modern designs or Middle Eastern-Indian-European models with geometric patterns. This condition indirectly shows that modernism or neo-modernism which is rooted in Middle Eastern culture as a cultural expression is considered to be more representative of Islamic culture than local culture. From the perspective of architectural design and cultural thinking, this is interesting to explore to find out how far regionalism is an alternative for developing Islamic architectural identity in Indonesia. The method used in the research is a qualitative approach by observing and comparing mosque architectural phenomena and exploring architectural elements. The results of the study show that regionalism can accommodate the creative development of Islamic architecture which embodies the values​​of Islamic teachings and environmental identity, the historical context of the people and the spirit of progress contained in the expression of modernity. This concept of thought is in line with al-urf's thinking which provides opportunities for local architectural elements to become part of typical Islamic culture. This design thinking is expressed in the form of post-modern architecture: (1) An architectural concept that integrates local and international cultural forms in concrete form, (2) An architectural concept that emphasizes spirited abstraction in accommodating the values​​of Islamic teachings and local culture in the aim of obtaining optimal benefits. Key words: al-urf, local culture, regionalism.

Making an IMPRESSion: mapping out future directions in modern physics education

Modern physics is an exciting and rapidly progressing field, prompting significant shifts in how we teach physics across all educational levels. While there is broad agreement on the need to modernise physics education and support physics teachers in this transition, existing initiatives often remain scattered across different educational contexts. In response, this directions paper synthesises insights from the International Modern Physics & Research in Education Seminar Series symposium to guide the efforts of our global physics education community and to increase their impact and reach. We bring together viewpoints from the symposium’s panellists and discuss these views as visions for the future of our field, mapping out pathways for navigating the challenges and opportunities ahead. Ultimately, we hope this paper will serve as a roadmap for teachers, educators, and physicists wishing to enhance modern physics education research and practice.

Эндотелиальная дисфункция как явление краткосрочных и долгосрочных патологических эффектов при вирусном поражении SARS-CoV-2

Despite the relatively low mortality rate, SARS-CoV-2 infection is characterized by the presence of a number of complications that significantly affect the life of recovered patients. Thorough analysis of coronavirus infection mechanisms shows that endothelial dysfunction plays a key role in the development of the disease and long-term symptoms. Endothelial damage is associated with the occurrence of a number of long-term symptoms affecting various organ systems in infected patients. Also the existing polymorbidity (hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, oncological and chronic respiratory diseases) in a patient with a new coronavirus infection are risk factors for a severe course of the disease development. The mutual burden of various pathologies in the potentiation of the development of new abnormalities makes it relevant to further study of endothelial dysfunction in SARS-CoV-2. The purpose of this research is to analyze current scientific data within the framework of understanding the causes of short-term and long-term pathologies associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction in SARS-CoV-2 viral lesion. Materials and methods of research: we analyze international modern scientific publications on endothelial damage in COVID-19 and its complications. Conclusion: a scientific research based on modern literature data allows to propose promising treatment strategies that can save patients from long-term complications.

Architecture, Ceramics and Frames. Three case studies in the work of Jorge Barradas

Throughout the history of the azulejo (a Portuguese form of tin-glazed ceramic tile), frames have played a decisive role in the articulation of this element with its architectural support. From the late 1940s onwards, Portuguese artists have felt the influence of the International Modern Movement, especially via the Brazilian model and its solutions for integrating azulejos within the new architectural forms. This movement translated into new buildings and equipments, promoting the interaction between architects and artists. Moreover, it led to the renovation of Portuguese ceramic coverings, prompted by the emergence of a new generation of artists strongly influenced by Jorge Barradas.
 The present article aims to examine three ceramic coverings by Jorge Barradas, focusing on their frames and their articulation with the architecture. The first azulejo covering is the so-called Atlântico Palace, the headquarters of a banking institution in Oporto (1950); the second is located at the Parish Church of Nossa Senhora de Fátima, in Parede, Cascais (1953); the third one is at the Lisbon’s Palace of Justice (1969).

АНГЛІЙСЬКА МОВА ЗА ПРОФЕСІЙНИМ СПРЯМУВАННЯМ: МІЖНАРОДНІ МЕТОДИКИ ВИКЛАДАННЯ

Introduction. In the 21st century it is extre­mely necessary to provide knowledge with effec­tive teaching methods. The ESP (English for a specific purpose) course should provide not only the necessary knowledge but also skills that would make it easier for millions of students to communicate with international affiliates of any business sector. Problem. At the moment, when teaching ESP course, consumers of educational services have conservative approaches to studying. Thus, after completing the course, graduates often have to go to private companies to gain know­ledge or develop skills needed for fluency in a foreign language. The aim of the article is to study modern international methods of teaching English in order to modernise the course of professional English. Methods. The research was conducted using the methods of theoretical generalisation, com­parative analysis and synthesis. Results. There have been described and analysed the theoretical hypotheses of using international modern teaching methods in the course of professional English. Conclusions. Today, teachers and students work to maintain results, but in teaching me­thods and in ways of studying the material, consumers and providers of educational obedi­ence often choose conservative methods. In order to ensure the maximum productivity of the pro­fessional English course, it is proposed to imple­ment modern international methods while pre­senting various segments of the material and practising different language equivalents.

Application of CDIO Mode in the Teaching of Biopharmaceutical Engineering

Due to the accelerated development of social science and technology, the development of modern science and technology is in urgent need of a large number of innovative scientific and technological talents, and the CDIO teaching mode based on the combination of practice and theory is receiving more and more attention in undergraduate teaching. CDIO teaching mode is a new education mode that has achieved remarkable results in the current higher engineering education. It always aims to train a new generation of international modern engineers. This paper introduces the proposal, background and application of CDIO, and embodies the effect of combining with the talent training program of biopharmaceutical engineering.

Ambiguity on the Use of ‘Kami’ Personal Pronoun among Foreign Students

The aim of the study is to explore the ambiguity that occurs through the use of Malay Language Personal Pronouns (PP) among foreign students. Hence, this study was carried out to identify and analyze ambiguity in the use of the reference personal noun 'We' among foreign students. This study is a field study and the study data was obtained using observation methods and interviews. Next, this PP usage data is recorded using a conversation recording tool. The location of this study is at the International Modern Arabic School, Putrajaya, Malaysia. A total of 24 samples were selected as respondents using non-probability sampling techniques. The findings found that there are several factors that cause the ambiguity of PP and the English translation of "we" also affect the understanding of foreign speakers.

Application status and thinking of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy for assisted reproductive field in the United States

The application status of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy for assisted reproductive field in the United States was analyzed, and the existing problems and future development directions were discussed. According to the survey on the 456 websites of assisted reproductive clinic in the United States mentioned in the report of U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 111 clinics among 456 assisted reproductive clinics recommend and used acupuncture and moxibustion therapy, accounting for 24.3%. Acupuncture and moxibustion therapy had obvious effect, good safety and low cost, and the assisted reproductive institutions in the United States had a high degree of application and recognition to acupuncture and moxibustion therapy. However, some problems, such as immature treatment scheme, unclear mechanism and imperfect insurance policies, still existed. In the future, the advantages of Chinese traditional acupuncture and moxibustion should combine with international modern assisted reproductive technology, and multi-center and large-sample clinical randomized controlled trials and basic experimental research on the mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion for assisted reproduction should be carried out.

Bluesen i Sverige före 1960

The Blues in Sweden before 1960: varying conceptions of a genre This article presents a review of the various meanings and shapes of blues as a genre in Sweden c. 1920–1960, drawing primarily on presentations in newspapers and jazz magazines, and recordings. Blues has been construed as an African American music, rising from specific social conditions; as an American music, a source for and subgenre of jazz; and as a part of music in the international modern society in general. In 1923 blues was introduced as a new dance, and many new tunes were promoted as blues; medium tempo, chromaticism and altered chords seem to be the distinguishing traits. From the mid-thirties, blues was discussed as a predecessor to jazz as well as a jazz genre format (‘12-bar blues’). The rising interest in blues is followed through audience reactions in press, recordings, and jazz criticism. Jazz critics tended to promote country blues and Bessie Smith as authentic forms, while Josh White’s performances during his annual tours in the fifties were praised for his consummate artistry. The trad jazz boom, boogie woogie piano, skiffle and rock’n’roll all used the 12-bar format. In parallel, blues was also an occasional pop song denomination signalling melancholy. Identifying as a blues singer was not an option; this would change during the sixties. Four fields of tension are identified: blues as a specific expression for African American experience vs. blues as a genre suited for Western modernity in general; blues as a subgenre to jazz vs. blues as an autonomous sphere; blues considered as genuine folk music vs. blues as popular music; and blues as a genre of mainly historical significance vs. blues as having contemporary relevance.

Editorial: Introducing the IMPACT Journal and its First Issue

Welcome to this, the first issue of the International Modern Perspectives on Academia and Community Today (IMPACT) Journal. In creating this Journal and producing this first issue we have proven that multidisciplinary working is possible. Moreover, we have shown that as academics, we have the power to challenge the norms and work in innovative ways within the contexts of our institutions. Thinking and working in innovative ways reflects on our practices as we reimagine our work and role in working with the community. Through the creation of a multidisciplinary Journal, we intend to provide a platform that will not only host approaches used in various disciplines but will also act as a merging point by putting forward perspectives from the communities alongside academic work. In doing so, we hope to promote new forms of dialogue, which have the potential to generate new research directions, and help cement the notion that academia and community are intertwined rather than separate entities within the social relations. The purpose of academic practice is to serve the needs of the community as both members of the community and academics who adopt an advocacy standpoint. Therefore, we hope that through the collaborative working practices underpinning this initiative we can achieve our aim to promote community involvement and engagement and meaningful contribution in the short and long term.

Sacred Place and Sacred Time in the Medieval Islamic Middle East: A Historical Perspective

Sacred Place and Sacred Time in the Medieval Islamic Middle East: A Historical Perspective

NEW CHALLENGES REGARDING THE DEVELOPMENT AND CONFIGURATION OF THE ARMORED CAPABILITIES

Abstract: A new international security paradigm in the evolution of the international environment and modern battlefield requirements implies the reconsideration of the combat large-scale operations concept. Consequently, the need to reconsider this concept generates a number of imperatives in configuring and developing tactical force structures and formations. Flexibility, versatility, operational mobility, as well as the ability to survive in the tactical field are general but mandatory requirements for those forces. Armored forces, the main striking force of the tactical units must be versatile and adaptive in order to create the premises for gaining and maintaining initiative and ultimately generate the conditions to prevail on the battlefield. New technologies, peer enemy capabilities development, but also the need to create a responsive, credible and effective force represent the references that shapes today future armored capabilities.

Tools and methods of conducting pre-foresight research of the economy of Ukraine

Relevance of research topic. Increasing the stability of economic development of the Ukrainian economy requires improving the management system with the use of modern tools, one of which in recent years has become the Foresight methodology. Foresight forecasting as an innovative tool is the most effective in the field of national competitiveness in the face of rapid change. Foresight is a special technology for designing the future based on the consolidation of disparate visions that guide the roadmap for decision-making in the medium and long term perspective. Formulation of the problem. The organization of Foresight research in Ukraine requires the use of the latest tools and expert research methods that are widely used in the world to design the future. The relevance of this study lies in a more specific and reasoned justification of the need to adapt the methodological tools of the foresight to Ukrainian realities. Analysis of recent research and publications. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study were the works of domestic and foreign scientists. In particular, focusing on the tools and methods used in the pre-Foresight stage of the study has been the focus of such foreign specialists as: E. Anselmo de Castro, N. Ya. Kalyuzhnova, M. Kinen, G. P. Korshunov, S. V. Kryukov, I. Miles, E. J. Mouse, S. Mendonya, R. Popper, R. Rohrbex, J. Tymen, B. Sapio, V. P. Tretyak, N. Chrysulakis, F. Schweizer, as well as domestic scientists: V. M. Geyts, S. I. Doroguntsov, L. V. Deineko, M. Z. Zgurovsky, T. K. Kvasha, M. O. Kizim, I. O. Kirnos, E. M. Libanova, O. I. Reshetnyak, O. F. Paladchenko, V. E. Khaustova, S. S. Shumska. Description of unexplored parts of the general problem. There is a lack of materials in the domestic scientific literature explaining the preparation for Foresight research, justification of the combination and choice of certain methods for case studies. Also, there is still no permanent practice of Foresight in Ukraine, which would be embodied in political decisions. The methodological tools for the implementation of Foresight procedures have not yet been adapted to the Ukrainian experience, which is due to the significant practical interest in the research topic and determined its theoretical and methodological value. Problem statement, the purpose of the study. Foresight research is an extremely promising tool for strategic management, the basis for the formation of the state strategy for the development of the country, region, and any field of activity. Given this fact, the task of this study is: taking into account international experience, to consistently explore a set of tools and methods used in domestic practice of planning and organizing Foresight research, which will ensure the introduction of scientific prediction technology on a regular basis and its improvement at all levels of public administration, local self-government, with the involvement of leading scientific institutions and public organizations. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the need to develop a comprehensive approach to the preparation of Foresight using world’s best practices and adapt them to the conditions of medium and long-term forecasting of the national economy. Method or methodology for conducting research. In the process of solving the problem, in particular, the following general and special methods were used: methods of system analysis, analysis and synthesis, grouping; empirical methods of comparison and generalization; dialectical method of cognition and ascent from the concrete terms to the abstract terms. Presentation of the main material (results of research). The basis of the article on pre-Foresight research of the Ukrainian economy was the study of international experience and modern approaches to the organization of pre-Foresight research, in particular, on the practical aspects of organizing the development of Foresight in terms of determining tools and methods used in its conduct. The long-term experience of Ukraine in the implementation of Foresight on various research topics is analyzed and the differences in the application of a set of methods in the implementation of Foresight research are identified. It is pointed out that Ukraine needs a more consistent and comprehensive approach in planning and organizing Foresight research of various levels and different topics. Field of application of results. Generalization of the methodology for regulation and refinement of mechanisms (tools, methods, practical organizational techniques) is important for assessing the state of the economy at the stage of pre-Foresight research for conscious use in the state innovation policy of Ukraine in determining priorities of socio-economic and scientific-technical development. Conclusions. Given that Foresight has proven to be the most effective tool for choosing long-term priorities of socio-economic, scientific and technological development, it is necessary to deepen the research on forecasting as a key tool for the development and implementation of public policy.

KohaILS:AnEfficientOpenSourceApplicationof Integrated Library System

Most public and private libraries are inclined to adopt using Koha ILS around the globe. However, several Arab schools could not implement the Koha ILS application to automate their school libraries for ease of use. Deploying technology in managing libraries can solve several identified issues in public and private schools. This provides efficiency, ease and improves the performance of library services. Therefore, this paper is based on qualitative research that implements an efficient open-source application known as Koha ILS in two Arab schools, namely Baseerah International School (BIS) and International Modern Arab School (IMAS), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. In our analysis, we consider analyzing the proposed Koha ILS by providing backend accessibility so as library consumers can make a further enhancement to upgrade the application. The proposed Koha presents several positive impacts such as an efficient cataloging system, remote management of library consumer records such as books or room reservations and customizable searching interface for efficient usage. The application also presents multiple operating system support for a user’s flexibility. In our results, an analysis was made by comparing the two schools based on gender, position/ranks available in the school library, and IT gadgets. Toward this end, some limitations were noted and recommended as a future research direction.

IMPROVEMENT OF MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS OF GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

This article discusses the current state of improvement of management mechanisms of general secondary education institutions and the necessary conditions for modern effective development, as well as the current issues of identifying and using opportunities for student-centered education in this process. Also, to implement measures to create opportunities for quality education in the system of general secondary education in accordance with international best practices and modern requirements of society, to strengthen the material and technical base of public education and increase the efficiency of budget funding, to create additional conditions for youth education the current view of consistent reforms. At the same time, the current state of general secondary education is analyzed in terms of the need to create mechanisms for the rapid elimination of systemic problems and shortcomings in their activities, to reduce the gap in logistics and quality of education in rural and urban schools and to create equal conditions for education. The results are given.

Poland-US Defense Relations: The Pursuit of Great Power Politics in Central Europe

Poland and the US share a rather complex relations throughout the international modern history; forasmuch as the end of the Great War, the Warsaw Pact, the Cold War to today’s bilateral relations. Along with the democratic reforms that emerged in Poland in 1989, the relations between two states have gradually become more than just a close-packed ally in securing each other’s geopolitical interests from external threats, specifically in Central Europe. This research is aimed to understand the rationale of the strategic alliance, the modern defense strategic relations between the two will be further examined in this article by employing the realism theory of International Relations; including the conceptual analysis within security dilemma and US-Poland defense collaboration in boosting their dominance, presence, and threats deterrence in the anarchic international system. The research indicates that geopolitical factors, namely the importance of the regional agenda of Central Europe plays a key-role in determining the defense relations among Poland and the US. The political silhouette of the “Iron Curtain” and US outlook on the region have helped the framework of the defense relations; mainly Poland’s role in NATO, the enhancement of the joint-military deterrence, bilateral political ties as well as defense strategic adjustment between the two nations.