International Medical Society Of Paraplegia Research Articles

Muscle strength in adults with spinal cord injury: a systematic review protocol of manual muscle testing, isokinetic and hand held dynamometry clinimetrics

Review question/objective The primary objective of this systematic review is to examine the best available evidence on the clinimetrics of the three main methods of assessing muscle strength: manual muscle testing (MMT), isokinetic dynamometry (ID) and hand held dynamometry (HHD). The clinimetric domains include: Reliability Validity Responsiveness Interpretability. A further objective is to determine whether it is appropriate for HHD to become the standard tool for measuring muscle strength for adults with spinal cord injury. Inclusion criteria Types of participants Adult population (adult being defined as 15 years and older in reference to the Australian Spinal Injury Registry which categorises young adults as >15 years) with spinal cord injury, regardless of cause, time since injury, gender or ethnicity. Tests All studies evaluating MMT, IDs and HHDs in all of their variations administered by any health professional. Types of outcomes The objective outcomes will be measured in terms of the clinimetric domains of reliability, validity, responsiveness and interpretability for MMT, IDs and HHDs, as defined above.

The Sir Ludwig Guttmann Lecture 2012: the contribution of Stoke Mandeville Hospital to spinal cord injuries

This Ludwig Guttmann Lecture was presented at the 2012 meeting of the International Spinal Cord Society in London. It describes the contribution of Stoke Mandeville Hospital to the field of spinal cord injuries. Dr Ludwig Guttmann started the Spinal Unit at Stoke Mandeville Hospital in 1944 and introduced a novel, comprehensive method of care, which included early admission, prevention and treatment of spinal cord injury related complications, active rehabilitation and social reintegration. Soon a dedicated specialist team was assembled and training of visitors was encouraged, some of whom went on to start their own spinal units. Research went hand in hand with clinical work, and over the years more than 500 scientific contributions from Stoke Mandeville have been published in peer reviewed journals and books. Guttmann introduced sport as a means of physical therapy, which soon lead to organised Stoke Mandeville Games, first national in 1948, then international in 1952 and finally the Paralympic Games in 1960. Stoke Mandeville is regarded as the birthplace of the Paralympic movement, and Guttmann was knighted in 1966. Stoke Mandeville is also the birthplace of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia, later International Spinal Cord Society, which was formed during the International Stoke Mandeville Games in 1961, and of the Society's medical journal Paraplegia, later Spinal Cord, first published in 1963. Guttmann's followers have continued his philosophy and, with some new developments and advances, the present day National Spinal Injuries Centre at Stoke Mandeville Hospital provides comprehensive, multidisciplinary acute care, rehabilitation and life-long follow-up for patient with spinal cord injuries of all ages.

外傷性脊髄損傷に対する早期リハビリテーションの効果

It is widely accepted that early rehabilitation programs are required for patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) immediately after injury. However many patients with SCI are admitted to rehabilitation facilities only after a long interval in Japan. The purpose of this study was to investigate how early rehabilitation contributes to improve their activities of daily living (ADLs) in Japan. The present multicenter study examined the status of SCI rehabilitation in Japan, and sought to determine the natural course of SCI and the effect early intervention has on rehabilitation. Sixteen Rosai hospitals and one college of medicine participated in our study. One hundred twenty-three SCI patients (admitted between April 1994 and March 1997, 104 men, 19 women; mean age, 48.8±17.7yr) were divided into an early rehabilitation group and a delayed group and were retrospectively assessed by using the American Spinal Cord Injury (ASIA) and International Medical Society of Paraplegia (IMSOP) classification of ASIA/IMSOP 1992 version. The motor recovery rate (MRR) was defined as (ASIA motor score at discharge-ASIA motor score at admission)/(100-ASIA motor score at admission). The regression lines for FIMTM instrument score and ASIA motor score were determined for 6 subgroups (early or delayed tetraplegia, central cord injury, paraplegia) by the MRR staging. The regression lines for physical or cognitive FIM score and ASIA motor score were also determined for 6 subgroups. Three stages were obtained: acute stage: 2 weeks postinjury; recovery stage: 2 weeks to 6 months postinjury; and chronic stage: more than 6 months postinjury. Regression lines showed that rehabilitation improved physical functional independence for ASIA motor score, especially in the early rehabilitation subgroups. There was no correlation between cognitive FIM score and ASIA motor score in 6 subgroups. The present findings suggested that SCI rehabilitation contributed to good ADLs for motor function and early SCI rehabilitation hastens and promotes improvement in ADLs by enhancing ADLs for function.

41st Annual scientific meeting of the International Spinal Cord Society (former International Medical Society of Paraplegia) and 28th annual scientific meeting of the American Spinal Injury Association Vancouver, BC Canada, 3–6 May 2002

41st Annual scientific meeting of the International Spinal Cord Society (former International Medical Society of Paraplegia) and 28th annual scientific meeting of the American Spinal Injury Association Vancouver, BC Canada, 3–6 May 2002

Corticospinal function studied over time following incomplete spinal cord injury.

Longitudinal. (1) To perform standard clinical neurological examinations and establish the pattern of clinical change with time following incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). (2) To establish the pattern of change in corticospinal electrophysiological function with time after iSCI. (3) To correlate clinical with electrophysiological findings. The National Spinal Injuries Centre, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Aylesbury, UK and Imperial College School of Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK. Neurological assessments and classification were performed according to American Spinal Injuries Association and International Medical Society of Paraplegia (ASIA/IMSOP) standards. Twenty-one patients (ages 18 - 72 years) with iSCI (level C2 - C7, ASIA impairment grades C - D) and 10 healthy control subjects (ages 27 - 57 years) were studied. Electrophysiological tests of corticospinal function were carried out using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortex and electromyographic (EMG) recordings from thenar muscles. Both tests were performed on a number of occasions, beginning 19 - 384 days and ending 124 - 1109 days post-injury, and the group data were pooled into time epochs of 50 or 100 days post-injury for analysis. Seven of the patients were studied on seven or more occasions and were also assessed individually. Individual and pooled data indicated that neurological scores improved progressively and tended to stabilise by around 300 days post-injury. When the patients were first assessed, the mean latency for motor evoked potentials (MEPs) and inhibition of voluntary EMG were significantly different from control values. There was no significant change in latency on subsequent sessions for either the grouped or individual patient data. There was no correlation between clinical assessment and electrophysiological data. We conclude that the weakened inhibition seen following iSCI is established within a few days of the time of spinal cord trauma. We argue that reduced corticospinal inhibition may be a prerequisite for the recovery of useful motor function. The work was supported by a project grant from The Wellcome Trust.

The International Medical Society of Paraplegia and its Journal

The International Medical Society of Paraplegia and its Journal

Dr Hans Frankel - President of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia 1996

Dr Hans Frankel - President of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia 1996

Résumé of the 1996 Annual General Meeting held during the Annual Scientific Meeting of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia in Atlanta, Georgia, USA

Résumé of the 1996 Annual General Meeting held during the Annual Scientific Meeting of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia in Atlanta, Georgia, USA

Report on International Medical Society of Paraplegia 31st Annual Scientific Meeting 8 to 10 September 1992

No abstract available

Reflections on the International Medical Society of Paraplegia and management of paraplegia

Reflections on the International Medical Society of Paraplegia and management of paraplegia

The scientific committee of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia

The scientific committee of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia

Professor Alain B. Rossier, MD, immediate past president and medallist of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia: a profile.

Professor Alain B. Rossier, MD, immediate past president and medallist of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia: a profile.

Abstracts of papers read at the meeting of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia, 1988

Abstracts of papers read at the meeting of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia, 1988

Albin T. Jousse, Medallist of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia—A profile

Albin T. Jousse, Medallist of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia—A profile

The International Medical Society of Paraplegia at a glance

The International Medical Society of Paraplegia at a glance

A profile; Dr Harry R. Hahn M.D., Medallist of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia

A profile; Dr Harry R. Hahn M.D., Medallist of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia

Readiness and the International Medical Society of Paraplegia: the Sir Ludwig Guttmann lecture 1984.

Readiness and the International Medical Society of Paraplegia: the Sir Ludwig Guttmann Lecture 1984

The new President of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia

The new President of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia

Report of the president of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia, Sir George Bedbrook, O.B.E., F.R.C.S., to the Annual General Meeting, May 1983; Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Aylesbury, England

Report of the president of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia, Sir George Bedbrook, O.B.E., F.R.C.S., to the Annual General Meeting, May 1983; Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Aylesbury, England

A profile: the new president of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia

A profile: the new president of the International Medical Society of Paraplegia