International Economic Integration Research Articles

To the Question of the Methodology for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Integration Associations on the Example of ASEAN and EAEU

This study is aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the EAEU and ASEAN taking into account the dynamics of their development as well as identify the features of methodological approaches using for assessing the effectiveness of integration associations.Aim. A comparative analysis of ASEAN and EAEU in terms of the effectiveness of these associations, as well as an analysis of existing methodological approaches for assessing the effectiveness of regional integration structures.Tasks. Carry out monitoring of existing methods of assessing the effects of international economic integration and approaches of assessing the effectiveness of integration associations in general. To identify the “weaknesses” of the applied methodological approaches and to formulate practical recommendations for an objective and comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of international integration associations.Methods. The article uses the comparative analysis method, SWOT analysis method, the gravity method and a system of indicators of Eurasian integration.Results. We have to admit that there is still no methodology that allows to compare the effectiveness of various integration blocks correctly. Therefore, it is advisable to evaluate integration associations only comprehensively taking into account not only economic indicators but also political factors.Conclusion. At the moment there is no comprehensive methodology that would allow to compare the effectiveness of various integration structures and intergovernmental organizations in terms of clearly defined quantitative and qualitative indicators. The study revealed that all applied methods have a number of errors that complicate an objective assessment. The lack of relevant data and statistics on a number of key parameters, the complexity of accounting and analysis of intangible factors of production and cooperation, ignoring possible negative effects from integration and a number of other problems make it impossible to build a comprehensive methodology for assessing the effectiveness of regional integration.

International economic integration in the field of culture and tourism: Russian-Turkish union 500 years

The article examines the prospects for the development of interstate integration of Russia and Turkey in the field of culture and tourism.

Liberalization and Global Business Dilemma in Third World Countries: A PEST Analysis

Global business plays a critical role in advancing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set forth by the United Nations. The SDGs represent a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure prosperity for all by 2030. Global businesses collaborate with governments, civil society organizations, and other stakeholders to address complex global challenges and achieve the SDGs. By fostering partnerships and multi-stakeholder initiatives, they contribute to SDG 17 (Partnerships for the Goals) by leveraging resources, expertise, and networks to drive sustainable development. Many global businesses are increasingly adopting sustainable practices to minimize their environmental footprint and promote responsible consumption and production. By implementing sustainable supply chain management, reducing waste, and adopting eco-friendly technologies, they contribute to SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production). Liberalization and global business are interrelated processes that shape the dynamics of international trade, investment, and economic integration. While liberalization creates opportunities for global businesses to expand their operations and access new markets, it also presents challenges related to competition, regulation, and sustainability that require careful management and policy responses in third world countries. This has elicited a mixed rection on the role of global business on development of nations. Based on this, the purpose of this study is to examine the extent to which liberalization has impacted the political, economic, social, and technological advancement of third world countries. A literature review has been adopted for this purpose. The study concludes that the impact of liberalization of global business on third world countries is complex and varies depending on factors such as governance structures, economic policies, social dynamics, and technological capabilities. This study recommends that by adopting a holistic approach that takes into account the interplay between political, economic, social, and technological factors, governments in third world countries can maximize the benefits of liberalization while mitigating potential risks and promoting sustainable development.

Praxeological and functional trends in improving the economic integration of the European Union: to the problem statement

This article analyzes the problems and trends of improving the economic integration of the European Union (EU) in modern conditions. It analyzes the key challenges that the EU faces in the process of deepening integration and creating a common market. Carrying out an in-depth review of economic integration in the EU, the article reveals the main challenges facing European leaders and institutions.
 The problems of the international economic integration of European countries into the system of relations of the European Union have recently become more and more urgent. The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the fact that in the modern world, the problems of economic and international integration have gained importance, integration communities play an increasingly important role in global economic and political processes, accordingly, a constant analysis of their activities is necessary for timely amendments to the current, rapidly changing integration processes.
 First of all, the article focuses on issues of deep integration, such as the single currency - the euro, common fiscal policy and the European budget. The authors analyze how successful these initiatives were and whether they managed to achieve harmonization of the economic policies of all EU member states.
 The second aspect considered in the article is the issue of inequality between regions and countries within the EU. The authors analyze how regional differences in the economy can threaten the stability of the EU and what measures are being taken to reduce these inequalities.
 In addition, the article highlights the external challenges facing the EU in the context of geopolitical changes and global trade relations. It also examines the impact of various factors, such as Brexit and EU enlargement, on integration processes.
 The article highlights key trends such as the strengthening of the role of the euro, the development of the digital single market and the expansion of common rules and regulations. Attention is also drawn to the influence of new members and possible withdrawal from the EU on the integration process.
 The general conclusion of the article is that the economic integration of the European Union remains important and relevant, but requires constant adaptation to changes in the global economic environment. To ensure stability and prosperity, the EU needs to constantly improve its integration strategies and find solutions to the important problems it faces.

The use of quality tools to improve the efficiency of international transport corridors

In the context of the development of international trade and economic integration the opening of new international transport corridors (ITC) is becoming an urgent issue of ensuring the optimization of logistics processes, reducing time costs and improving the quality of service.This article discusses a comprehensive approach to improving international transport corridors, including the use of various quality and strategic planning tools. Each of these tools has its own characteristics and goals, but the overall objective is to improve processes, eliminate obstacles and improve the efficiency of the ITC. Some of the quality tools discussed in the article include: route optimization methods, resource and infrastructure management, as well as the use of information technology to monitor and manage processes within international transport corridors.Also, the use of quality tools will allow for cooperation and coordination between various participants of the ITC, such as the state, transport companies, freight forwarders and logistics services, which will ultimately contribute to the development of international trade and ensure a more sustainable and efficient logistics infrastructure.

Deep trade agreements and services trade: An analysis based on service trade provisions

AbstractOur paper builds a novel panel data sourced from the Regional Trade Agreements Database and Database on International Trade in Services Statistics (ITSS) to explore the heterogeneous effects of service trade agreements on services trade. Then we employ a gravity model with the Poisson pseudo‐maximum likelihood (PPML) estimation and obtain the following findings: First, both general service trade agreements and deep service trade agreements promote services trade. Yet, deep trade agreements have a higher trade‐expansion effect (roughly 21.53%) on services trade compared to general ones (16.9%). Next, based on the content of trade‐related provisions, we find provisions of rights of non‐establishment and natural person movement largely increase the services trade, while review provisions do not have a significant impact on services trade. Surprisingly, provisions with MFN status even exhibit a negative relationship with services trade. Third, with whom you sign the agreements matters. Deep trade agreements exert a positive and significant impact on services trade between high‐income countries (NN), low‐income countries (SS) and high‐ to low‐income countries (NS), but are insignificant between low‐ to high‐income countries (SN). Four, emerging regions, including China, may benefit more from deep trade agreements. As indicated by propensity score matching, deep trade agreements reduce service trade costs and improve the business environment more effectively than GTAs. Our empirical results are robust after controlling for the endogeneity of DTAs and GTAs. Our findings provide direct evidence for the role of deep service trade agreements in fostering international economic integration.

Agrarian integration: Theoretical foundations

The benefits of international economic integration have led to an increase in the number of integration groups. The sensitivity of the agri-food sector to liberalisation and its importance have led to the allocation of a separate chapter in regional trade agreements. The importance of foreign trade and food security, as well as their special significance for Ukraine, which has signed dozens of regional trade agreements and is one of the largest exporters of certain types of agri-food products, confirm the relevance of the study. The aim of the article is to analyse the theoretical foundations of international economic integration with a focus on the agricultural sector, identify its specific features and develop relevant proposals. To achieve this goal, the author used the methods of theoretical generalisation, abstract and logical, specification, analysis, and synthesis, which allowed to study the features of international economic integration in the agricultural sector, to formulate conclusions and proposals. The information base was based on scientific research, regional trade agreements, etc. As a result of the work carried out, the development of international economic integration was analysed with due regard to the agricultural sector. The article suggests allocation of the main goals of integration, their classification, definition and substantiation of risks. Among the main objectives of integration in the agricultural sector, it is proposed to allocate the following: ensuring the domestic demand for food of the required quality at an affordable price, taking into account the comparative advantages of the member states, increasing exports to third countries, based on the potential of the member states, and solving social problems. Taking into account the goals of sustainable development and global problems of mankind, it is proposed that the main goals should also include environmental issues and rational use of resources. The goals of integration are defined as one of the main prerequisites for its successful development, which is confirmed by the content of the relevant treaties and agreements. In practice, international economic integration can contribute to solving the problem of food security and development of the agricultural sector, production, in particular through the inflow of new technologies, foreign investment, etc. The development of intra- and extra-regional trade is envisaged as a result of harmonisation of product quality standards, increase of its competitiveness, etc. This should be facilitated, first of all, by a clear definition of goals, their implementation through an appropriate set of measures defined by country, and monitoring of implementation

Status and prospects of beef and veal production in Ukraine in the context of international economic integration

Beef production is driven by the need to ensure the country’s food security, meet the processing industry’s demand for raw materials, and increase state budget revenues from exports. The purpose of this study was to highlight the status and trends of production in the world and Ukraine, to identify issues and find areas of development considering international economic integration. The methods employed were analysis, synthesis, generalisation, specification, mathematical, and graphical. The study identified the upward trend in global beef and veal production, the main producing countries and the predominant stability of their share in global volumes over the decades. It was found that higher beef production does not always allow for higher per capita volumes (e.g., in China and India). Ukraine’s production and its share in global volumes are declining, although production exceeds consumption. It was found that the share of agricultural enterprises in the structure of economic entities is decreasing, and there is a direct dependence between their number and production volumes, which prevails in the Forest-Steppe zone. The largest producing regions (Kyiv, Vinnytsia, Kharkiv, Lviv) were highlighted, where priority development in the post-war period is expected. The study found the principal reasons for the decline in production, including a decrease in livestock numbers, negative profitability, and rising average consumer prices. Based on the SWOT analysis results, development prospects were identified and relevant proposals were developed. The reasons for the decrease in the number of cattle and beef were proposed to be distinguished as general, and those related to enterprises and household farms; their interdependence was emphasised. The study stressed the need for state support for producers by providing food aid to the population free of charge and by purchasing products at lower prices depending on their financial level. International economic integration was singled out as one of the key factors of increasing beef production. The study emphasised the need to consider the consumer preferences of the population of countries with which regional trade agreements have been concluded, specifically regarding the production of kosher and halal products. The findings of this study and the proposals provided can be used to develop government measures to increase beef production and increase its share in world exports

Training Human Resources for Market Surveillance in South Central Coast, Vietnam

In the context of increasingly deepening international economic integration, the current situation of violations related to smuggling, trade fraud, counterfeit goods, and intellectual property infringement is a pressing issue. It demands the presence of a market management team equipped with the necessary capabilities to address these challenges. Therefore, the Market Surveillance force needs to proactively research programs to fundamentally change the methods and quality of training and development for market surveillance officials. Through a survey of 380 questionnaires conducted with individual market surveillance officials in the Market Surveillance Departments of South-Central Coast, the article has assessed the current status of human resource training for market surveillance in South Central Coast. It has identified variations in the capacity and professional qualifications of market surveillance officials in some units. There are cases where officials exhibit lax management practices, failure to adhere to regulations in operational activities, leading to errors in the inspection and handling of administrative violations. The methods and tactics employed by subjects are becoming more sophisticated, making the inspection and control activities of the market surveillance force more passive. Based on this foundation, the article also proposes solutions to address and mitigate these issues. Keywords: Training human resources, Market Surveillance, South Central Coast, Vietnam

ЕАЭС в мировых интеграционных процессах

The authors analyze the transformation of the international economic integration processes, influenced by the changes in the global world order during the last 25 years. Special attention is payed to the structures with Russian partnership, in particular – the EAEU. The conclusion of a variety of modern forms of international economic cooperation and serious challenges for the EAEU is made.

Building added value by synergizing the Economics of Education and International Economic Integration for low-income countries

Building added value by synergizing the Economics of Education and International Economic Integration for low-income countries

Сингапур как важный участник международной интеграции

In the modern world, Singapore is one of the most important countries to study with its unique economic development model. In this regard, our research notes that despite being a little country, Singapore's participation in international economic and political integration processes is extensive and its role is great. The article also argues that joining international economic and political integration processes is a statehood tradition in Singapore. To explain this in more detail, the historical dynamics of Singapore are analyzed, and then its international integration policy is discussed today.

INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN AGRI-FOOD PRODUCTS IN THE CONTEXT OF REGIONAL PECULIARITIES AND INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION

This paper examines world trade in agri-food products in the context of international economic integration. This is due to the importance of foreign trade for the economic development of countries, especially in the context of globalisation, the increase in the number of integration groups whose participation affects the terms of trade of their member and non-member countries, and the aggravation of the food crisis. The purpose of this article is to identify the state and trends of world trade in agri-food products, taking into account regional characteristics and the participation of countries in integration groupings, and to determine their role in the future. Methodology. The research is based on a comparison of parts of individual regions and integration groups in world trade, identifying trends and features. The publication uses the methods of analysis, synthesis, generalisation, comparative assessment, and graphical methods, in particular, to identify the main trends, draw conclusions, etc. Results. The study shows that world trade in agri-food products is growing significantly, both globally and by region. The countries of Europe and the Americas are the main exporters, but the countries of Asia, South and Central America and Africa are the fastest growing exporters. However, the main suppliers remain the member countries of the most advanced integration groupings - the European Union, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR). It is proposed to divide the main exporters into regions, integration groups and countries. The issue of food security is one of the most important in modern conditions and within the integration groups. It is advisable that they contribute to some extent to solving this problem at the regional level and in relation to third countries. To this end, it is advisable to develop measures to provide food aid to countries affected by natural disasters, climate change or other adverse circumstances on several fronts: within integration groups, in the region and at the global level. These groups are expected to remain among the largest suppliers of agri-food products in the future, and one of the main reasons for this is their participation in integration groups, which facilitates the liberalisation of the movement of new technologies, in particular to the agricultural sector.

Evaluating the Impact of EU Non-Tariff Measures on Vietnam’s Textile Exports

With the development process and international economic integration, the importance of non-tariff measures (NTMs) was stimulated significantly in international trade. This shift has played a vital role in placing NTMs in the limelight of Vietnam’s exportation, particularly textile exports. The gravity model has been applied in this article to analyze the current regulations related to NTMs and to assess the impact of NTMs from the EU on textile exported products from Vietnam. The research findings have shown that technical barriers (TBTs) to trade are the most common and stringent regulations from the EU towards Vietnam’s textile exportation, while, sanitary and phytosanitary measures (SPSs) are not statistically significant. There are other types of NTMs (apart from SPSs and TBTs) that can increase export turnover. Based on these findings, the paper proposes some recommendations to enhance the exportation of textiles for the Vietnamese government and firms in the upcoming period.

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT FOR HIGH-QUALITY MARKETING: RESEARCH IN VIETNAM TO MEET THE DEMANDS OF DEVELOPMENT AND INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION

In recent years, with a high economic growth rate, Vietnam has surpassed the threshold of a poor and underdeveloped country, which is a very encouraging achievement. The important contribution to this success cannot be denied the role of human resources. According to many studies, the issue of "human resource quality" is one of the decisive factors for the success of enterprises and the economy. Growth theories have also confirmed that "improving human resource quality" is one of the three basic pillars contributing to strong economic growth. The strong development of international economic integration has placed many new demands on high-tech human resources in general and marketing human resources (MARKETING) in particular. However, the marketing industry's workforce is currently lacking in quantity and weak in quality.
 Keywords: Training, Human Resources, High Quality, Marketing, International Economics.

Research on the Coordination Between International Economic Situation and International Economic Policy

Under the background of the deepening development of economic globalization, the economies of various countries in the world are interdependent, and the economic coordination policies among countries are also emerging one after another. The solutions to the problems existing between countries' trade have also attracted more attention. At present, the complexity of the global economic recovery situation lies in the fact that the recovery foundation of private consumption and private investment in the United States and Europe is still very fragile; The deterioration of European sovereign debt situation has forced EU countries to adopt more severe public expenditure austerity plans. The extroversion of economic policy coordination between countries is constantly expanding. As far as a country is concerned, maintaining the balance between domestic employment and inflation and the balance of international payments is an important goal of its foreign trade. This paper mainly studies the coordination between international economic situation and international economic policy, and puts forward new ideas for overcoming the problems in the process of international economic integration by analyzing the characteristics of global macroeconomic situation and international economic policy coordination.

Adjusting Labor Sublease Activities In The Current Labor Code In Vietnam

Objectives: Research the legal status of labor subleasing and practical implementation in Vietnam, thereby proposing solutions to improve the provisions of the Labor Code on labor subleasing activities in the current period.
 
 Legal framework: The legal foundation of this study is based on the provisions of the 2019 Labor Code on labor subleasing and related legal documents.
 
 Methodology: The methods used include analysis, synthesis, comparison, statistics, and commentary, combined with a review of legal regulations related to labor subleasing activities. This study also draws on secondary sources, including articles and academic commentaries, to gain a comprehensive understanding of the research topic.
 
 Results and conclusions: The study proposes solutions to improve the effectiveness of implementing the law on labor subleasing in Vietnam. The research will be the legal basis for effectively regulating businesses that provide professional services for specific industries, improving business performance in recruiting and training human resources in order to respond to international economic integration. Besides, the research is also the basis for protecting employees in outsourcing businesses. At the same time, it improves the efficiency of state management of subleasing in the current period.

Інтеграційні процеси в системі захисту національних економічних інтересів країн Західної Європи у повоєнний період

The protracted war intensifies Ukraine’s political, financial, and economic dependence on partner countries, which determines the importance of protecting national interests and strengthening its own competitive advantages. At the same time, further integration of the country into the global economic space is a victory, national security, and a successful post-war recovery guarantee. It determines the importance of the historical assessment of the integration processes’ role in national economic development. The purpose of the study is to summarize the results of the European integration impact on the post-war economic reconstruction of the Western European countries in terms of overcoming the region's financial and economic dependence on foreign aid and protecting national interests. Concepts of international economic integration are the theoretical basis of the research. The research methodology is based on the problem-logical, historical-genetic, comparative, and statistical analysis. The research determines that the formation of regional European associations and the involvement of Western European countries in the integration processes, which was carried out through the trade barriers reduction, the multilateral agreements, and the assistance regime agreements, was caused by a number of conditions and factors, including harmful post-war social and economic consequences, the destabilization of American-European trade and the dollar deficit, powerful foreign aid within the framework of the Marshall Plan, which contributed to the restoration of the industrial and commercial potential of countries, the joint policy of the US and Western European countries regarding security, peace, and prosperity. It has been proven that in the post-war reconstruction terms, trade and economic integration became a determinant of the activation of intra-European trade, the formation of a single European market, the strengthening of export technology, which helped to overcome the financial and economic dependence of the region on the USA and the realization of the national competitive advantages of the Western European countries in international trade. The integration processes were an induced, but objective response of the Western European governments to post-war threats and risks. Although integration involved some limitations of countries in terms of legal regulation and the joint implementation of trade, monetary, and financial policies, it led to the formation of a system of supranational economic management based on democratization, harmonization, and consolidation, contributed to the realization of national interests in terms of political security and economic growth.

International currency legal relations and international economic relations: interconnection and interaction

International currency relations are considered through the prism of international economic relations. It is emphasized that the latter arise between subjects from different countries, between tax residents of different tax jurisdictions regarding the production, distribution, exchange and consumption of goods, provision and receipt of services, capital circulation.
 It is argued that international economic relations are manifested at different levels of the economy (micro-, meta-, macro-levels). Where the macro level is the level of state and interstate international processes; metalevel these are international ties of industry and regional importance; micro level is the level of connections between firms of different countries.
 International economic contacts, international economic interaction, international economic cooperation, international economic integration are considered in detail.
 It is proved that the existence of international economic relations gave impetus to the formation of international economic and international currency (monetary) law. So, in the context of international economic law, international currency law and the corresponding legal relations arose as early as the 19th century, and they received the greatest development in the second half of the 20th century. In the XIX-XX centuries currency and financial systems are actively developing both domestically and internationally. It also gave impetus to the formation and development of economic and financial science.
 The stages of the evolutionary development of the world monetary and financial system are considered. The main principles of the organization of currency relations in different periods are analyzed.
 Alternative options to the existing currency system proposed by various authors are critically considered.
 It is proven that the formation and development of international trade relations, the world economy, and the world currency system contributed to the formation of a certain system of legal norms regulating relations in the currency sphere. At the same time, such norms are considered within the framework of different legislation, studied in different academic disciplines.

Factors that affect the application of integrated report in listed companies in Vietnam

PurposeThis study aims to apply the theory of planned behavior, the theory of stakeholders, the theory of technology acceptance to evaluate the factors that affect the application of integrated reporting in Vietnamese listed companies.Design/methodology/approachQuantitative research method was used through survey questionnaire. Research data is collected from 144 directors, accountants, administrators of companies listed on Vietnam stock market in the period 2020–2022. Multivariable regression analysis is performed with three independent variables: usefulness, ease of use and environmental influence. Dependent variable is intended to apply integrated report.FindingsResearch results show that all independent variables have a positive impact on the dependent variable. In particular, the environment influence variable has the largest impact (0.443), followed by the level of impact of Usefulness” variable and “Ease of use” variable are 0.243 and 0.241, respectively. The regression model manages to explain 52.8% of the impact of the factors on the application of integrated reports. An analysis of the differences between groups of enterprises by staff size and capital size is carried out, the results hereof show that large enterprises tend to apply more integrated reporting. From the research results, the authors propose recommendations to promote the application of integrated reporting in Vietnamese enterprises to gradually improve the quality of information disclosure, attract investment and accelerate international economic integration.Originality/valueThe study evaluates the current situation of integrated reporting of Vietnamese companies to understand the factors affecting the use of integrated reporting, from which to propose recommendations to promote the application of integrated reporting in Vietnamese enterprises to gradually improve the quality of information disclosure, attract investment and accelerate international economic integration.