Internal Performance Indicators Research Articles

Formulation of a corporate governance index for banking sector: The GIB.X62

The purpose of this research is to define a new international corporate governance index for the banking sector (GIB.X62) based on 62 criteria and 7 internal performance indicators related to board of directors, internal audit, compensation, risk management, nomination, compliance, ethics, transparency and disclosure. The new index model was applied on 7 different banks from US, France, Spain, Italy, Lebanon, Egypt and Jordan in 2021. The GIBX(62) can be generalized and applied by the international banks to measure their corporate governance efficiency. In addition, the GIBX(62) can be used by shareholders, depositors and regulators at the national and international level to monitor the process of corporate governance practices in banking sector.

Practical aspects of the task of modeling and scenario forecasting of the passenger port operation

This article presents a simulation model of scenario forecasting of a passenger terminal in order to obtain analytical information about operational activities for making decisions about the work of port services. The main goal is to provide an analysis tool for a passenger service system that depends on the time spent on various service channels. The paper examines the internal performance indicators of the port model created using AnyLogic software. The purpose of this model is to help in making strategic decisions using "what if" scenarios. The solutions include determining the average service time in the passenger terminal. The results revealed and suggested the solution of bottlenecks. The results also indicate that simulation modeling is a tool that helps to predict the stability of the system.

Is the dark triad always detrimental to firm performance? Testing different performance outcomes and the moderating effects of competitive rivalry.

There is growing evidence that CEOs who have the 'dark triad' of personality traits (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) detrimentally influence firm performance. However, there is still much we do not know. The present study suggests that the CEO dark triad might directly influence typical performance indicators in different ways: positively affecting external performance indicators (breakthrough sales), but negatively affecting internal performance indicators (organizational performance). We argue that the CEO dark triad can be interpreted differently by those external to the firm versus internally, where managers are much closer to the CEO's dark personality. Our model includes managerial capital as a mediator and competitive rivalry as a moderator, and ultimately tests a moderated mediation model. Using data from 840 New Zealand firms, we find that the dark triad links to outcomes, as expected. While the CEO dark triad is negatively related to managerial capital, managerial capital does positively predict both performance indicators, and partially mediates the CEO dark triad effect. Overall, moderating effects highlight that the CEO dark triad is less detrimental in fiercely competitive business environments, acting as a consistent boundary condition across models. As competitive rivalry increases, the indirect effect of the CEO dark triad on performance decreases. We discuss the implications for understanding the role that the CEO dark triad can play in firms.

Performance Comparison of Cross- and Forward-Flow Configurations for Multiple-Effect Vacuum Membrane Distillation.

This work addresses retrofitting the infrastructure of multiple-effect vacuum membrane distillation (V-MEMD) units by using cross-flow configuration (CFC). In this configuration, the feed water is evenly divided and distributed over the effects. In this case, the feed water stream for each effect is kept at a high temperature and low flow rate. This will lead to an increase in the vapor pressure gradient across the hydrophobic membrane and can also maintain the thermal energy of the stream inside the individual effect. It is found that CFC improves internal and global performance indicators of productivity, energy, and exergy. A mathematical model was used to investigate the performance of such a modification as compared to the forward-flow configuration (FFC). The cross-flow configuration led to a clear improvement in the internal performance indicators of the V-MEMD unit, where specifically the mass flux, recovery ratio, gain output ratio, and heat recovery factor were increased by 2 to 3 folds. Moreover, all the global performance indicators were also enhanced by almost 2 folds, except for the performance indicators related to the heat pump, which is used to cool the cold water during the operation of the V-MEMD unit. For the heat pump system, the specific electrical energy consumption, SEEC, and the exergy destruction percentage, Ψdes, under the best-operating conditions, were inferior when the feed water flow was less than 159 L/h. This can be attributed to the fact that the heat rejected from the heat pump system is not fully harnessed.

Twenty years performance of Volkswagen’s Truck and Bus modular consortium

Abstract: This article analyzes the performance of the modular consortium installed in the truck and bus factory of Volkswagen in the city of Resende, Rio de Janeiro, in its first 20 years of operation. For that purpose we formulated a multidimensional performance analysis model, composed of indicators of the various aspects of the company and the main economic and market factors, covering the period 1990-2014. The model was based on aspects of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) and Political, Economic, Sociocultural, Technological, Environmental and Legal (PESTEL) models. While the BSC guided the choice of the internal performance indicators, the PESTEL oriented the selection of the economic factors that affected the company’s performance. The main characteristics of modular consortiums, taken from the scientific literature, were used to analyze the arrangement’s performance, along with on-site observation at the plant. The results were obtained by examining the company’s indicators during the period studied, taking into consideration the influence of historical factors and the main aspects of modular consortiums. The Volkswagen modular consortium was in general resilient to the economic variations in the period, and facilitated expansion of the company’s product portfolio, contributing to leadership in the truck market.

Performance Evaluation of Sanko Small Scale Irrigation Scheme at Basketo Special Woreda in SNNPR, Ethiopia

This study conducted to evaluate the performance of Sanko small-scale irrigation scheme at Basketo Special Woreda, South Nation Nationalities Peoples Regional states. The irrigation scheme includes command area of 120 ha and 600 beneficiaries. The scheme was evaluated using internal and productivity performance indicators. From the analyses of the internal performance indicators, the conveyance efficiency of the main canal was found to be 69.3% and application efficiencies at head (61.6%), middle (63.4%) and tail (46.5%) with average application efficiency of 57.2%. A light soil with high infiltration rates favors deep percolation losses at the top of the fields, resulting in low field application efficiency in tail end part of the scheme. A deep percolation ratio and storage efficiency of the scheme was found to be 42.8% and of 78.5% respectively. Generally overall scheme efficiency of scheme was 39.6%. From the evaluation of productivity indicators, the outputs per cropped area found as at head (84,706 Birr ha-1), middle (220,690 Birr ha-1) and tail (69,686.4 Birr ha-1) and the value of the outputs per command area of scheme was 15,003,276 Birr per command area. The output per unit irrigation supply of irrigation scheme was at head (13.5 Birr m-3), middle (33.95 Birr m-3) and tail (22.12 Birr m-3). Relative water supply and relative irrigation supply; found to be 1.28, which was the same for both since there was no rainfall during study period. From the analysis result, there was lower water use efficiency (WUE) at upper head (23.37 ton/m3) as compared to middle (48.78 ton/m3) and tail (60.22 (ton/ m3) part of the scheme in relation to yield obtained. Based on the evaluation result, highest yield was obtained from at middle part of irrigation scheme and lower yield was obtained from both upper and tail end part of the scheme. The yield reduction in upper and tail part of the scheme was due to over and under irrigation. However, there is still a room for improvement at all system levels. Therefore to reduce over and under irrigate; farmers should get awareness how to use, when to use and how much water used on their fields.

Golda Small Scale Irrigation Scheme Evaluation Using Internal Performance Indicators: in Assosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia

Evaluation of irrigation schemes helps to know the present status of the scheme and to apply possible measures for improvement. Golda small scale irrigation scheme was found in Assosa, Benishangul Gumuz regional state, Ethiopia and had a service of six years. The performance of Golda Small Scale Irrigation Scheme had not been evaluated before this study. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the scheme by considering on field water management performance. Primary data collected through field measurements and secondary data from different sources were used. Internal indicators were used for evaluating on field water management performance like conveyance efficiency, application efficiency, storage efficiency, distribution uniformity and deep percolation ratio. The result of conveyance efficiency, application efficiency, storage efficiency, distribution efficiency and deep percolation ratio, were 53%, 51.6%, 91.6%, 80.76% and 40% respectively. Generally, the scheme requires improvement measures.

Sector-Specific Business Associations’ Performance Internalities: Evidence from Selected Associations of Food Processing SMEs in Rwanda and Tanzania

Sector specificity and prioritization has been found to be one of practical option for harnessing scarce resources and capabilities for enhancing Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) development and promotion strategies such as industrial cluster, incubation programmes and Business Associations (BAs). Although sector-specific BAs tend to deliver focused outreach services to their members but the assessment and comparability of BAs internal operation and performance between countries is hardly studied. This study examined and compared the internal performance of selected sector-specific BAs in the two countries using selected internal performance indicators. Convenient sample size of this study was 145 food processing SMEs belonging to four BAs of which two from Rwanda namely The Maize Millers Association of Rwanda (AMMIRWA) and The Association Pour la promotion des Producteurs de jus, boissons alcoolisies et alcooliques au Rwanda (APPROJUBAAR) and the two Tanzanian BAs were The Tanzania Food Processors Association (TAFOPA) and The Association of Mango Growers (AMAGRO). Questionnaires and semi structured interviews were administered to SMEs that were BAs members. The descriptive analysis was employed. Many studies attend much of the wholesome contribution and profiling of BAs lacking specific insights on internal performance indicators. This paper contributed in covering this gap. Overall study findings revealed that Rwandan BAs internal performance was relatively better compared to Tanzanian ones. It is recommended that the structure of apex organization to be formally hierarchical to avoid multiple memberships and conflicts with other member-based associations.Key Words: business association, SMEs, innovation, performance, sector-specific

Performance Evaluation of Selected Surface Irrigation Schemes in Kachabira Woreda, SNNPRS, Ethiopia

This study was conducted to evaluate the comparative performances of two community-managed small scale irrigation schemes at Gemesha and Ufute with a command area of 48 ha and 40 ha using internal performance indicators. In order to evaluate the irrigation water use efficiency at the field level, nine farmer fields were selected from each irrigation schemes in relation to their location (from the head, middle and tail end water users). The internal performance indicators namely, in conveyance efficiencies, application efficiencies, deep percolation, storage efficiencies and irrigation uniformity shows (61.15 and 65.63%), (58.75 and 71.7%), (41.25 and 28.3%), (36.91% and 23.9%) and (98.32 and 97.79%) for Gemesha and Ufute respectively. The irrigation ratio results for physical sustainability indicator shows 0.32 and 0.4 for Gemesha and Ufute irrigation respectively. The result of relative Irrigation Supply for both irrigation schemes was higher than one, this shows that there were over supply of water in both irrigation schemes for Gemesha and Ufute respectively. Based on the assessment carried out, Ufute irrigation scheme performed better than Gemesha irrigation scheme. But there is still a room for improvement of the performance of both irrigation schemes. Keywords: Internal indicators, efficiency, deep percolation, irrigation,

Governance and performance measurement in integrated care. An Evidence Based Integrated Care Approach

Introduction: Healthcare institutions in The Netherlands are faced with the facts of increasing extent of internal and external accountability. This is related to the fact that healthcare institutions and their professionals are obliged to register a full set of indicators which are required input to effect this accountability. This is also known as governance. One of the definitions is: to control and to account for Minderman 2008 or controlling accountability Hoek 2007. On the one side in integrated care, care pathways are characterized by the delivery of care interventions proof of concept and on the other side pathways are characterized by the organization of the delivery of care interventions proof in context. Both concept and context of care are related to governance and performance measurement in healthcare. In general governance in healthcare in The Netherlands focuses on control, accountability and controlling the boards, mostly within one care organisation. However in integrated care governance and performance measurement should ideally be on cooperation and trust between the organizations. Governance therefore includes various forms of accountability, concerning several areas: from government national and local, to organizations and commissioners, to organizations and their supervisory boards, to organizations and their financiers and the patient. Healthcare organisations must be accountable to e.g.: The Dutch Healthcare Inspectorate, The care insurance companies and The National Healthcare Institute. Furthermore, healthcare institutions have to account for their efforts to deliver quality of healthcare. The way this is done is through a system administrating their internal performance indicators. In this respect, one can ask how indicators are administrated within healthcare organisations and how external accountability is designed. Different gaps of governance and accountability can thus be found e.g.: A gap between what accountancy data in care institutions is collected, their network and what is externally justified to the involved parties. The gap between governance and is the ones accountable to people and municipals are involved in decentralization. Gap of citizens and governance. Theory/Methods: A systematic review of literature on what is the current knowledge on governance in integrated care, and an extensive case study which will be conducted in Dutch healthcare organisations and healthcare network organisations. One of the characteristics of case study method is: a narrow domain with several research units, in depth rather than a broad view, the supposed concerns in many cases the entire research area instead of a few variables like in a survey study. Discussion: What should governance as an accountability tool look like within the context of evidence-based integrated care and what knowledge is gained and how can this knowledge be used to meet accountability issues?

Strategies to Implement Effective Personnel Evaluation System to Assess the Public Servants of Bangladesh

Personnel evaluation system is a significant tool which manipulates efficiency of civil servants. Researchers have found that effectiveness of personnel evaluation system of Bangladesh is not satisfactory compared to expectancy. Unproductive personnel evaluation system of Bangladesh is liable for insufficient efficiency of civil servants. This study will emphasize the realization of effective personnel evaluation system to ascertain accountability and the enrichment of efficiency of civil servants. Running personnel evaluation system of Bangladesh is unskilled to employ the ability of civil servants, to give appropriate ways to perform work by civil servants, to guarantee proper utilization of working time of civil servants, and to produce the sense of belongingness among civil servants. It has no alignment strategy with organizational goals and objectives. Armstrong M. & Baron A. (2005) have stated that the success of personnel evaluation system notably depends on the alignment with clear organizational goals which are produced from organizational evaluation. Organizational performance indicators assist to create clear and unembroidered performance indicators for civil servants. Advanced and internal performance indicators of organization strengthen alignment strategy. Alignment strategy inspires personnel to move in the same way with the organization to accomplish common goals. Bangladesh needs strategies to ascertain alignment between personnel evaluation system and organizational goals.

Destination management organizations as interface between destination governance and corporate governance

Destination management organizations (DMOs) play a major role in managing destination networks and in fostering cooperation between destination actors. DMOs are central figures in the governance of tourism destinations. However, being organizations, their operations are also judged according to their organizational efficiency and effectiveness. This paper applies the concept of corporate governance to capture these internal performance indicators, and investigates its relationship to the external performance of DMOs as promoters of cooperation. Very few studies have considered such inter-dependencies between DMO performance and destination performance; and even fewer have explicitly analysed the relationships between the destination governance and the corporate governance of DMOs. Therefore, this research uses an exploratory, theory-generating case study approach to develop testable hypotheses for future generalizing research attempts. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with several destination actors, and qualitatively analysed using the GABEK toolset. From this qualitative analysis four hypotheses emerged, which generally indicate a positive link between a DMO's corporate governance characterized by a broad stakeholder involvement, an efficient way of working, visible signs of performance on the one hand, and both the DMO acceptance and the level of cooperation in the destination on the other hand.

Performance indicators and customer management: ACEA benchmarking experiences in water services in Latin America

The paper presents the results of a study conducted by ACEA, the Italian water and energy utility based in Rome, in collaboration with the ENGREF (Ecole Nationale du Genie Rural des Eaux et des Forets) on the use of performance indicators in the improvement of customer management in three Latin America water utilities, subsidiaries of ACEA (Acea Dominicana, Aguas de San Pedro and Aguazul Bogota). The paper illustrates how contractual and internal performance indicators are being employed to encourage self-improvement and better efficiency. The analysis suggests that the use of performance indicators by private operators is greatly driven by the regulator actions to measure their performance. Moreover, the effective use of contractual indicators is greatly dependant on the availability of initial data. The second part of the article presents a benchmark exercise carried out between the three companies. Performance indicators focusing on commercial departments activities were defined and measured. The comparison permits the identification of improvement margins and provides reference data.

TQM implementation and change management in an unfavourable environment

PurposeThe total quality management (TQM) concept was originally developed to increase the efficiency of occidental and Japanese organisations. As a consequence of its success there, it has spread world‐wide. Companies in many developing countries are attempting its implementation. However, the cultural environment in these countries may be significantly different from the prevalent one in the regions where TQM has flourished. This paper aims to examine the potential for successful TQM implementation in a “theoretically” unfavourable TQM environment, and what can be expected from such implementation if it is successful.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on a case of a company with characteristics that are in conflict with what are accepted to be necessary for successful implementation of TQM. The development of TQM in the company is examined and successes and failures in the implementation process they implemented are evaluated. The degree of success in implementing TQM is assessed through the changes that resulted in both internal performance indicators and an independent external governmental evaluation of the company.FindingsIt is possible to implement TQM principles in an environment deficient in factors that are generally accepted as critical to its successful implementation. The identification of and reaction to cultural difficulties are central to a successful TQM implementation approach taken. Positive outcomes may exceed, in terms of speed and scale, what could be expected from the occidental/Japanese model for successful TQM implementation.Research limitations/implicationsAs the research is based on a specific case study, it does not provide a proof that all companies in unfavourable environments can benefit from TQM implementation.Originality/valueVery little research is currently available about TQM implementation in unfavourable environments, about how to deal with these specificities, and what benefits can realistically be expected if the implementation is successful.

Resourcing a CORE Network to develop a National Research Database to help enhance psychological therapy and counselling service provision

AbstractThis article profiles the development of an evolving common CORE methodology related to the paradigm of quality evaluation. It profiles the five defining characteristics that currently help to inform that common methodology. The first of these characteristics is the use of CORE‐PC to help store, organise, filter, report and undertake performance appraisals using CORE System data. The second is the role of preparatory training to help overcome the common experience of service performance anxiety in services adopting CORE‐PC. The third characteristic is the use of a common reporting framework that generates internal performance indicators by which relative service and individual practitioner performance can be contrasted. Fourth is the co‐development and use of national service performance indicators created by the voluntary donation of anonymised, aggregated data. The fifth and final characteristic informing the shared methodology is the development of CORE Networks to support the interpretation and utilisation of benchmarks for enhancing service quality. The conclusions acknowledge the relative youth of both the activity and learning, but suggests that the common methodology used by the CORE Network has considerable potential to help identify, share and develop excellence in psychological therapy and counselling services.

AIRCRAFT ACQUISITION AND OPERATION IN A TOTAL QUALITY ENVIRONMENT Part I: A Conceptual Framework and Approach

A conceptual framework and an approach for handling the problem of aircraft acquisition and operation in a total quality environment are proposed in this part of the work. For this purpose, a typical acquisition process is described and the system operational and maintenance support requirements are summarized. The Aircraft Mission Support Process (AMSP) is analyzed at different levels of detail to identify the problem symptoms, causes, statement, problem solving approach and the design alternatives. This provides the necessary background and foundation for establishing a Logistic Engineering Model to support the decision making during aircraft acquisition and operation. Statistical Process Control (SPC) and process capability measures are utilized in the decision making process. To support this concept, the intended model is further developed to provide sampling experiments to pursue the required statistical analysis. This is done by using aircraft operational availability as the external performance indicator for the Aircraft Mission Support Process. Internal performance indicators are also considered. This approach can provide a mechanism for evaluation of different acquisition and/or operation options directed to continuous improvement of aircraft readiness and utilization. Part II of this work presents (AMSP) modeling and improvement procedure.

Core analysis in strategic performance appraisal

Strategic management accounting has an important role to play in providing information about the major sources of competitive advantage of an enterprise. There are two aspects to this role; first, the computation of key internal performance indicators that measure the achievement or otherwise of these critical success factors; second, the generation and assessment of external information regarding the threat from competitors to the sustainability of any advantage currently enjoyed. A significant component of the external focus will be an examination of recent, published financial results of competitor organisations in the context of their apparent corporate strategies. Currently, though, there is no clear and concise methodology for conducting such an appraisal. This paper introduces CORE, a new, integrated financial appraisal framework, and illustrates its application by assessing a large U.K. supermarket chain from the viewpoint of its principal rival.