Internal Organizational Structure Research Articles

Bar self-government in Ukraine and its development

The article is devoted to the analysis of the historical development of legislation on advocacy, its organizational structure, in particular, advocacy self-governance, the requirements imposed on the advocate in the comparative aspect of Art. 2 of the Law of Ukraine «On Advocacy» and part 2 of Art. 6 of the Law «On Advocacy and Advocacy Activities». The issue of the role of the legal profession and the individual lawyer in society is analyzed. It is well-founded that the self-government of the bar should provide lawyers with a system of guarantees that will allow them to work competently and legally, to perform their functions properly and impartially. Therefore, the internal organizational structure of the bar must be perceived in the context of the functions performed by the bar self-government, and this is the business of the lawyers themselves. It is proposed to create a special arbitration court of advocates, with appropriate powers to consider appeals by persons and advocates for offenses that took place in the activities of the advocate, his powers and methods of their implementation. it is expedient to introduce the arbitration court of advocates instead of disciplinary chambers of qualification and disciplinary commissions of the bar and The Higher Qualification and Disciplinary Commission of the Bar with the transfer of powers to such a court not only regarding the application of appropriate disciplinary sanctions to lawyers, but also the resolution of other disputed issues and compensation for the damage caused, which will require amendments to the Law. In another way of introducing an arbitration court of lawyers, it is proposed, along with the relevant commissions, to make changes to the Statute of the National Association of Lawyers of Ukraine (hereinafter – NAAU) also on the authority of the court to apply appropriate sanctions to lawyers and establish other duties of a lawyer, and the right to choose the body to which a specific person, leave for the complainant. The structure of NAAU was analyzed and an opinion was expressed about the expediency of the existence of certain committees in it. There is a well-founded opinion about the need to carry out relevant reforms in the bar in order to self-purify it, but it is better to initiate this process by the lawyers themselves.

Determination Methods and Influencing Factors of Grain Mechanical Properties

Grain is extremely vulnerable to external loads during production and processing, resulting in the deterioration of grain quality. Deteriorated grain not only affects the economic value of grain but also affects the safety of storage. This has a very important relationship with the biomechanical properties of grains. It is of great significance to explore the mechanical properties of grain under different conditions and analyze the relationship between its physical and chemical properties and mechanical properties for improving its processing and eating quality. In this paper, the research methods of the mechanical properties of grains are reviewed. Various factors influencing the mechanical properties of cereals were analyzed. The relationship between the internal organizational structure of grain and its mechanical properties was discussed. This paper puts forward the shortcomings in the current research on the mechanical properties of grains and puts forward the prospect and analysis of its importance in future development in order to provide a reference for reducing crushing in the grain processing process.

Study on the Mode and Strategy of Internal Organizational Structure Change in Primary and Secondary Schools

Study on the Mode and Strategy of Internal Organizational Structure Change in Primary and Secondary Schools

Liberal arts education in transnational higher education: a comparative study of New York University and its international campuses

ABSTRACT Recent decades have seen rapid increases in the number of international campuses and student enrolments at these campuses. While research has indicated that international campuses often struggle to resolve the tension between global integration and local responsiveness, there is currently only a limited understanding of how these campuses navigate and address this tension in their curriculum operations. Combining document and interview data, this study compared the liberal arts curricula of two international campuses of New York University and explored the factors associated with differences in the curricula. The curriculum design is similar in that it places liberal arts at the core, but there are slight variations in the proportion and implementation of the liberal arts curriculum. Our analysis showed that international learning, the quality assurance system of the host country, and local relevance combine to shape the curriculum design. We further highlighted the importance of governance structures and internal organisational structures in the running of international campuses.

MODELS OF UNIVERSITY AUTONOMY IN EU COUNTRIES: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

The article is devoted to justifying the classification of models of university autonomy based on their comparative analysis. It is emphasized that education functions as a systemic element in the social structure, which is embedded in connections and coordination with other social actors, in particular with state power and the market. It is noted that university autonomy is the authority of a higher education institution to determine its own goals and programs, as well as the means to achieve them; autonomy, independence and responsibility in making decisions regarding one's own development. It is emphasized that the degree of university autonomy is correlated with the country's political and administrative system, economic development and cultural traditions, historical and ideological context, axiological orientation of society, traditional role of higher education institutions. On the basis of a comparative analysis of common features and specifics of models of university autonomy, the author's classification is substantiated depending on three fundamental factors: relations between state authorities and universities; internal organizational and management structure of universities; as well as generalization of cases of certain national systems of higher education or groups of countries united by historical and regional features. It is emphasized that the most relevant is the classification of models of university autonomy, which takes into account not only the relationship between state control and university autonomy and the peculiarities of intra-university management, but also the administrative and financial system of the state, financial support of higher education, etc.

A SANS investigation of silk-stabilized aqueous poly(3-hexylthiophene): phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester nanoparticle dispersions

Regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) protein comprising both hydrophilic and hydrophobic chain segments offer great potential for interfacial interaction and stabilization of organic nanoparticles (NPs) in aqueous medium. In this work, aqueous dispersion of poly(3-hexylthiophene):phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) NPs of 1:1 weight ratio were prepared using RSF as surfactant for the first time via the mini-emulsion method. The size, morphology, internal structure, interface and hierarchical organization of RSF-stabilized P3HT:PCBM NPs was investigated using UV–visible spectroscopy, contrast-variation small-angle neutron scattering (CV-SANS) and ultra-small-angle neutron scattering (CV-USANS). The P3HT:PCBM NPs were established to be stabilized in the matrix of RSF colloidal microparticles in water. Unlike the commonly used surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate which produces core–shell (PCBM–P3HT) NPs, the RSF molecules generated P3HT:PCBM NPs with internal structure that resemble phase-separated solvent-cast films. The as-prepared dispersion has good film-forming ability and has been demonstrated for fabrication of composite films comprising graphene oxide.

ІСТОРИЧНЕ ПІДҐРУНТЯ ТА СУСПІЛЬНО-ПОЛІТИЧНІ ПЕРЕДУМОВИ СТВОРЕННЯ ПАРТІЇ АЛЬТЕРНАТИВА ДЛЯ НІМЕЧЧИНИ

Based on the analysis of sources, such as programmatic and pre-election documents of the Alternative for Germany (Alternative für Deutschland –AfD) party, materials of civic-political initiatives and formations that preceded its establishment, processing a range of informational, feature and statistical materials, taking into account the works of German, British, Swiss, and American researchers, authors aim to illuminate the historical preconditions and direct socio-political and socio-economic reasons of the emergence, stages of formation, and achievements of the AfD’s first electoral successes on the German political arena. It is established that in Germany, after the Second World War, alongside liberal-conservative and social-reformist parties, several right-wing populist or right-radical parties emerged. Their development occurred in three waves and was marked by legislative restrictions from the state, stigmatization from society, weakness of internal organizational structure, and competition from ruling parties, leading only to temporary electoral successes at the local level. The formation of the new right-wing populist party AfD was primarily influenced by the European debt crisis of 2010 and the Eurozone rescue policy of Chancellor Angela Merkel’s government. The article extensively examines the main stages of the party’s genesis and development: the formation of the “Plenum der Ökonomen” in 2010, the “Bündnis Bürgerwille” in 2012, the political alliance “Wahlalternative 2013” and the actual establishment of the party in 2013. The main foundational and programmatic documents are analyzed, highlighting the idea of Germany’s exit from the Eurozone and return to a national currency as a recurring theme. Another important factor in the success of AfD in the early stages of its history was the party’s ability to unite those segments of German society that were skeptical of the integrationist European policies of the ruling parties. Undoubtedly, the refugee crisis that engulfed EU countries and Germany in particular in mid-2015 provided a powerful impetus for the party’s further development. By radicalizing its programmatic demands, AfD achieved sustained electoral success not only at the regional but also at the federal levels over several years.

Effect of partial substitution of wheat flour with kiwi starch on dough rheology, microstructure, the quality attributes and shelf life of Chinese steamed bread

Chinese steamed bread (CSB), a conventional high-GI staple food, with a short shelf life and a single flavor. In this work, 10–20 % kiwi starch (KS) was used to substitute wheat flour for the production of CSB and the effects of different substitution ratios on the quality and shelf life of mixed flour, dough, and CSB were explored. The results showed that the substitution of KS could improve the water binding capacity of mixed flour and lead to easier pasting in the system, lower the cooking power consumption, increase and improve the viscoelasticity and gas holding capacity of the dough, and make the microstructure more compact and uniform. As the substitution ratio increased, the reduction in protein content within the system further affected the formation of the gluten network, leading to a significant decrease in the CSB's specific volume and cohesiveness, whereas the chewiness and hardness were significantly improved. Meanwhile, KS substitution significantly reduced the starch hydrolysis rate and estimated glycemic index of CSB. 10 % KS substitution enriched the aroma and color of CSB, improved its internal organizational structure, and became more popular among consumers. A substitution ratio of 15–20 % was beneficial for extending the shelf life of CSB.

The Role of Digitalization in the Development of Marketing and its Impact on the Organizational Structure of Enterprises

Rapid technological change, constant development of digital tools and the proliferation of internet technologies have transformed marketing strategies and the way we interact with customers. In this context, understanding and exploiting the opportunities offered by digitalisation is becoming a critical element of success for businesses in any industry. Therefore, the study of the impact of digital technologies on marketing strategies and internal organisational structure is becoming an important issue in the context of modern business. Purpose: This study is aimed to analyze the role of digitalisation in the development of marketing and its impact on the organisational structure of enterprises. Design / Methodology / Approach: The research methods used are system analysis, synthesis, comparative analysis, grouping, abstraction and generalisation. Findings: The article deals with the impact of digitalisation on the development of the enterprise’s marketing strategy. The essence of the concepts of “digitalisation”, “Internet marketing”, “digital marketing” has been clarified. The most popular and effective marketing tools that can be used by industrial enterprises in the formation of their marketing strategy, taking into account the processes of digitalisation, are offered. Data on the significant impact of digitalisation on business operations in the context of forming a properly selected marketing policy of enterprise in order to promote the company’s competitiveness and increase its income are provided. It is found that digitalisation changes the internal and external environment of enterprises, affects the organisational structure of enterprises. Originality / Value: It is proved that digitalisation has a significant impact on the functioning of an enterprise and influences various changes in the internal structure depending on the level of its implementation. Practical Meaning: Research in the field of marketing on the use of various digital tools in business is an object of interest to scientists who analyse the positive or negative impact of digitalisation on marketing and the activities of enterprises in various fields. Further Research: The role of SMART technology in setting fundraising goals.

Reflections on Required Competencies For Health Systems Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning In India

The movement towards systems thinking and complexity-informed monitoring and evaluation has been ongoing for some time. Covid-19 has accelerated this shift and increased the salience of contextually aware, adaptive forms of evaluation. Drawing from our experience over three years of providing monitoring, evaluation, research and learning (MERL) to a large international philanthropic organization’s health systems portfolio of work in India, we identify three types of evaluator capacities and associated set of competencies that derive from complexity-driven practice in a developing country.
 The first type of capacity relates to deriving evidence in contexts where there are very few traditional forms of data. The MERL portfolio related to health systems outcomes of access, financial protection, and equity even as the health programs themselves were evolving in a period of rapid transformation and dynamism of policy priorities and implementation mechanisms. This required an integration of traditional performance indicators drawn from government datasets with qualitative ‘signals’ focused on drivers of change within the system. Assessment of signals in turn required synthesizing different sources of information, including informal channels of obtaining evidence such as partner meetings or government-sponsored events. The evaluating team thus consciously empowered different kinds of researchers with differential expertise with the goal of building a much more pixelated picture. The goal was not to identify a single source of truth but rather a patchwork of validated information where the relevance of different pieces of data were dependent on evolving outcomes of interest. 
 The second set of competencies related to the skills required to play a convening role for donors and implementing partners, supporting better understanding of the changing operating context and help inform decision-making by program officers and partners. This involved building and sustaining relationships across different stakeholders at different stages of the project – from proposal development to review. Competencies relating to effective dialogue and developing an understanding of the core interests of international, national and sub-national partners as well as international donors and experts could only be developed iteratively and over time, but this was crucial in a distributed health decision-making ecosystem like India.
 The third and final set of competencies relate to operational adaptiveness, while evaluating an ecosystem with few constants. This can be the hardest competency to acquire because it is the farthest from the traditional notions embedded in the training of evaluation scientists and MERL practitioners. We found that the degree of buy-in and commitment to previously agreed upon frames of reference for evaluation can be shifted by changes in personnel or internal organizational structures. These shifts can lead to chain reactions of mismatched expectations that needed to be understood and managed in real time by MERL partners. The pandemic further created a natural experiment that on the one hand required a reexamination of program priorities and on the other depended on reliability of donor support.
 Each of these three types of capacities – synthesizing nuanced evidence for adaptive action, relationship building and communication, and managing operational discontinuities are in fact inter-dependent. Building evaluator competencies isn’t simply about capacity-building but rather a recognition of the diversity of skills and worldviews that need to be encompassed within our monitoring and evaluation functions for today’s complex, discontinuous health systems.

The niche of think tanks in a consensus – seeking and neo-corporatist policy advisory system

While think tanks are no longer solely a feature of Anglo-Saxon countries, they still appear less prevalent in consensus-oriented and neo-corporatist political regimes. To what extent do central characteristics of these countries shape the organizational characteristics and political activities of think tanks? We theoretically contribute to the existing literature on policy advice by drawing inspiration from niche theory, and empirically complement previous work by focusing on think tanks in Belgium, a country with a crowded and closed advisory landscape. Relying on a combination of data sources, our analysis highlights three central features of think tanks: (1) the long-term and anticipatory character of their policy advice, (2) the evidence-based nature of their policy work, and (3) their consensus-oriented mode of operating. The first two features echo what earlier studies in pluralist setting identified as key distinguishing characteristics. The third feature, their consensus-oriented mode of operating, represents a new element that turns out critical for understanding the niche of think tanks in Belgium. Its consensus-style tradition shows not only in how think tanks position themselves externally, but also in their internal organizational structure. Points for practitioners - Think tanks have potential to be key providers of policy advice, also in relatively closed systems with neo-corporatist traits. - In such settings, think tanks especially benefit from a consensual mode of operating, both internally and externally. - The long-term orientation of think tanks can set them apart from other providers of policy advice, such as interest groups and political party think tanks.

The company premises as passport

In several academic disciplines that focus on (historical) building practice there is growing interest in building contractors and their employees. Their contribution and influence are increasingly the subject of research. After the Second World War the contractor’s field of work was defined by productivity, specialization and industrialization, which profoundly altered the professional character of this branch of industry. Social developments and the prevailing idea of an all-encompassing welfare state triggered top-down and bottom-up changes in this traditionally highly cyclical sector. This fostered diversity in the contracting world, yet those diverse profiles and identities often remain unrecognized today. This is compounded by the fact that, unlike architects for example, the source material left behind by contractors and their employees is usually less informative and often fragmented.
 This article seeks to demonstrate the potential of alternative source material by analysing company photos in order to better understand the profile and identity of two post-war Belgian contractors. During their existence, Van Coillie of Oostende (1919-1976) and Van Laere of Kruibeke (1938-1989) amassed extensive collections of photographs, which were recently made accessible by the Flanders Architecture Institute (VAi). The focus of this article is on a series of photos from the 1960s and ’70s depicting the headquarters of both companies. These company premises and buildings were the very heart of the businesses, which adopted a pragmatic or strategic design to reflect their profile and identity. The selected photos are compared with information gleaned from a series of in-depth interviews with ex-employees in order to place the companies in their particular historical context.
 The analysis is in two parts, the first of which focuses on the site, the company architecture and the implanting. This reveals information about the size and organization of the contractors, as well as about their company strategy and professional profile. For example, they used these elements to create a strong position in the building sector and in so doing cement their reputation. The second part analyses a few interiors of the 1961 Van Laere headquarters. A detailed visual examination reveals how these spaces reflected the internal organization and hierarchical structure and how Van Laere projected its company image both internally and externally. The pictures also chart the development of an organizational culture and a body of values and norms that in turn shaped the company identity. The company management, the internal organization and the social and local network in which the firms were embedded, consequently had a considerable effect on the position they occupied as individual players in building practice. The main finding from these two analyses is that these post-war construction players were highly diverse. A critical and biographical sketch in terms of activities, profile and identity is consequently a necessary starting point for a detailed analysis of their position and role within national and international post-war building practice. This article shows what a rich source photographic material can be in developing such a sketch.

On the sociology of cartels

We analyze 15 German cartels, focusing on the personal characteristics of the individual participants, the methods and frequency of communication as well as the internal organizational structures within the cartels and their eventual breakup. Our results indicate that cartel members are highly homogeneous and often rely on existing networks within the industry, such as trade associations. Most impressively, only two of the 158 individuals involved in these 15 cartels were female, suggesting that gender plays a role for cartel formation. We further identify various forms of communication and divisions of responsibilities and show that leniency programs are a powerful tool in breaking up cartels. Based on these results we discuss implications for competition policy and further research.

Natural Oils Enhance the Topical Delivery of Ketoconazole by Nanoemulgel for Fungal Infections.

Nanoemulgel (NEG) pharmaceutical formulations are gaining popularity because of their ability to serve both as a nanoemulsion and as a gel. These products are well-known for their ease of use, spreadability, controlled release, and ability to hydrate dry skin. Natural essential oils have been shown to promote the cutaneous permeability of topical formulations, enhancing medication safety and efficacy. Herein, we developed NEG for the enhanced permeation of ketoconazole against candidiasis using clove oil (clove-oil-NEG) or eucalyptus oil (eucalyptus-oil-NEG), using the gelling agents carbopol 943 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). We tested various excipients to increase the solubility of ketoconazole and formulate a nanoemulsion (NE). We measured the NE droplet particle size, shape, entrapment efficiency, and drug release. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties of the optimized nanoemulsion formulation were characterized by techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The NEs were loaded into gels to form NEGs. NEGs were characterized for drug content, homogeneity, rheology, spreadability, and antifungal activity against Candida albicans, both in vitro and in vivo. Optimized ketoconazole NEG preparations consisted of either 15% clove oil or 20% eucalyptus oil. Droplet sizes in the optimized NEs were <100 nm, and the polydispersity indexes were 0.24 and 0.26. The percentages of ketoconazole released after 24 h from the clove-oil-NEG and eucalyptus-oil-NEGs were 91 ± 4.5 and 89 ± 7%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the NEGs had a smooth, uniform, and consistent shape and internal structural organization. The drug contents in the clove-oil-NEG and eucalyptus-oil-NEG were 98.5 ± 2.2 and 98.8 ± 3.4%, respectively. Permeation values of ketoconazole from clove-oil-NEG and eucalyptus-oil-NEG were 117 ± 7 and 108.34 ± 6 μg cm-2, respectively. The ketoconazole NEG formulations also had higher levels of fungal growth inhibition than a marketed formulation. Finally, in vivo studies showed that the NEGs do not irritate the skin. Ketoconazole NEG with either 15% clove oil or 20% eucalyptus oil is stable with better efficacy than ketoconazole alone due to excellent dispersion, drug dissolution, and permeability and thus might be recommended for the effective and safe treatment of candidiasis.

The impact of green culture on employee organizational commitment: The mediating role of green identity

ABSTRACT The importance of environmental issues leads the managers of organizations to implement green policies. Besides having environmental benefits and fulfilling the organization’s social responsibilities, implementing these policies will also have internal benefits that encourage managers to review internal organizational structures and identify the factors that affect them. This study examines how the green culture of the organization is one of the critical structures within the organization on the level of employee commitment through the mediation of the green identity of the organization. In this study, the analysis of standard questions of research variables in the statistical population, i.e. the staff of industrial estates in Isfahan province, has been used. The approach used in this research is structural equational modeling with the partial least squares method, done and analyzed by SmartPLSsoftware. The results show that green organizational culture directly affects organizational commitment. In addition, green organizational culture through green organizational identity as a mediating variable affects organizational commitment, and thus the mediating role of green organizational identity is strongly confirmed. The responsibility of organizations to protect the environment can be considered a factor in increasing organizational commitment and thus lead to further promotion and success of the organization. Therefore, organizations can create policies to implement green culture in addition to green identity in the organization can increase employee commitment to the organization, which is an essential result of this research.

Examining the influence of health sector coordination on the efficiency of county health systems in Kenya

BackgroundHealth systems are complex, consisting of multiple interacting structures and actors whose effective coordination is paramount to enhancing health system goals. Health sector coordination is a potential source of inefficiency in the health sector. We examined how the coordination of the health sector affects health system efficiency in Kenya.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative cross-sectional study, collecting data at the national level and in two purposely selected counties in Kenya. We collected data using in-depth interviews (n = 37) with national and county-level respondents, and document reviews. We analyzed the data using a thematic approach.ResultsThe study found that while formal coordination structures exist in the Kenyan health system, duplication, fragmentation, and misalignment of health system functions and actor actions compromise the coordination of the health sector. These challenges were observed in both vertical (coordination within the ministry of health, within the county departments of health, and between the national ministry of health and the county department of health) and horizontal coordination mechanisms (coordination between the ministry of health or the county department of health and non-state partners, and coordination among county governments). These coordination challenges are likely to impact the efficiency of the Kenyan health system by increasing the transaction costs of health system functions. Inadequate coordination also impairs the implementation of health programmes and hence compromises health system performance.ConclusionThe efficiency of the Kenyan health system could be enhanced by strengthening the coordination of the Kenyan health sector. This can be achieved by aligning and harmonizing the intergovernmental and health sector-specific coordination mechanisms, strengthening the implementation of the Kenya health sector coordination framework at the county level, and enhancing donor coordination through common funding arrangements and integrating vertical disease programs with the rest of the health system. The ministry of health and county departments of health should also review internal organizational structures to enhance functional and role clarity of organizational units and staff, respectively. Finally, counties should consider initiating health sector coordination mechanisms between counties to reduce the fragmentation of health system functions across neighboring counties.

Improving Drying Characteristics and Physicochemical Quality of Angelica sinensis by Novel Tray Rotation Microwave Vacuum Drying.

In order to improve the shortcomings of uneven heating of traditional microwave drying and to maximally maintain food quality after harvest, a rotary microwave vacuum drying equipment was fabricated and used for drying experiments on Angelica sinensis to explore the effects of drying temperature, slice thickness, and vacuum degree on drying characteristics, physicochemical quality, and microstructure of dried Angelica sinensis products. The results showed that microwave vacuum drying can significantly shorten the drying time and improved the drying efficiency. Six different mathematical models were investigated and the Midilli model was the best-fitted model for all samples (R2 = 0.99903, Pearson's r = 0.99952), and drying methods had various effects on different indexes and were confirmed by Pearson's correlation analysis and principal component analysis. The optimal process parameters for microwave vacuum drying of Angelica sinensis were determined by entropy weight-coefficient of variation method as 45 °C, 4 mm, -0.70 kPa. Under this condition, well preserved of ferulic acid, senkyunolide I, senkyunolide H, ligustilide, total phenols and antioxidant activity, bright color (L* = 77.97 ± 1.89, ΔE = 6.77 ± 2.01), complete internal organizational structure and more regular cell arrangement were obtained in the samples. This study will provide a theoretical reference for the excavation of the potential value and the development of industrial processing of Angelica sinensis.

Development of Digital Transformation in Raising the Efficiency of Workers in Medical Devices: is Digital Transformation More Effective? – Cross-Sectional Study Medical Equipment Technology Department, Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia

Background: Digital transformation is a process that aims to improve an entity by causing material changes to its properties through combinations of information, computing, communication, and connectivity technologies. DT has an impact on a variety of companies, including the purchase of digital assets, the creation of digital growth strategies, and the modification of internal organizational structures. Aim of study: This cross-sectional study navigates in the research that evaluate the level of raising in efficiency of performance of workers in medical devices. Methodology: This cross-sectional study collected data in the form of digital and paper questionnaires and then analyze these data to know if the hypothesis of research accepted or rejected via this descriptive analysis. The target number of questionnaires are 300 digital questionnaire, and 100 paper questionnaire and target participants are those work with medical device to answer the questions. Result: the results showed that Most had bachelor, 24% diploma, and 8% master degree, and most had experience years less than 5 years.Virtual Reality for Patient Treatment was ranked 7.5%, with Big Data analysis ranked 3.8%, followed by Medical Records (1.9%). The most agreement items were (We have a record of patient visits to follow up on their visits to hospital) and (We use digital analysis tool to make better operational decisions). Results showed the efficiency of workers level was high with mean = 4.17. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that types of digital transformation have an impact on the healthcare business and predict how they will improve the productivity of medical device professionals.

Artificial intelligence, resource reallocation, and corporate innovation efficiency: Evidence from China's listed companies

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers businesses a way to save expenses and a fundamental shift in innovation tools in the digital era. Whether AI can improve corporate innovation efficiency has been hotly discussed, but there is little empirical evidence. We use text mining to construct a firm-level AI application index innovatively. We investigate how AI affects corporate innovation efficiency using panel data from 3185 listed companies between 2008 and 2020. The results show that AI application significantly improves corporate innovation efficiency. Meanwhile, to avoid endogeneity problems, we use instrumental variables and propensity score matching (PSM) to test and obtain consistent conclusions. Further, we find that intensifying external market competition and flattening internal organizational structure, which are the important economic forms of innovation resource reallocation, play a moderating effect. Furthermore, the impact of AI on corporate innovation efficiency is enormous in companies with a more extensive size and less management power. In addition, the higher the level of AI development in the industry and region where the enterprise is located, the stronger the impact of AI on corporate innovation efficiency. This paper provides micro evidence for the innovation effects of AI.

Research on Diversified Development Path of Media Industry in the New Media Era

Research on the diversified development path of media industry in the new media era is conducive to systematically analyzing the position and role of media industry in economic development. Using statistical data to quantitatively measure the correlation effect and dependence degree among the internal organizational structures of the media industry can play a positive role in optimizing the industrial structure and promoting the rapid, coordinated and efficient operation of the media industry. In this paper, the SBM model is used to measure the operating efficiency of listed companies in the media industry, and the correlation between institutional factors and the development level of media industry in China and the degree of correlation are discussed by using correlation analysis and grey correlation analysis. The empirical results show that from 2010 to 2021, the operating efficiency of listed companies in China's media industry has been around 0.6, with the peak value appearing in 2011. The degree of media marketization has the highest correlation with the development level of China's media industry, which has a great influence on the development of China's media industry. The media needs to develop the effective allocation of media productivity and production factors, and must establish exclusive ownership system arrangement.