Internal Organizational Characteristics Research Articles

How Can Policy Diffusion of Intergovernmental Public Health Emergency Cooperation Be Realized? Evidence from China

The complexity of interregional crises challenges global emergency management, highlighting the need for enhanced intergovernmental emergency cooperation. The article focuses on the policy diffusion of intergovernmental public health emergency cooperation (IPHEC) among local governments, proposing an analytical framework that includes internal organizational characteristics, an external organizational environment, and interorganizational relationships. Using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), it finds four pathways influencing the policy diffusion of IPHEC: economic-pressure response, economic-crisis driven, resource-pressure driven, and resource-crisis-trust coordinated. Factors including economic development level, resource supply level, administrative pressure, crisis situation, and trust basis exhibit different operational logics within these four pathways.

Efficiency and Stability in Private Equity Investments: A Comprehensive Analysis of Traditional Financial Models and Strategies

This paper will discuss Dell’s challenges following the acquisition, including the large debt it acquired and the need to innovate continuously in the always-evolving world of technology. Research delivers an array of tactical and financial solutions. One aspect of the strategy to tackle Dell’s financial stumbling block could incorporate debt restructuring, equity financing, cost cutting, targeted growth initiatives, pro-active innovation and agility strategies such as capital investments in research and development, efforts to diversify products, and the enactment of strategic partnership agreements will result in what it will be the best outcome for growth. According to this research, there are holistic solutions, but it does not deny the restricted value of these proposed solutions based on theoretical notions and industrywide generalizations. Application of these solutions should consider the market dynamism, relevant internal organizational characteristics, or even unforeseen macroeconomic events that might strike once the solutions are implemented. Thus, it is extremely important that companies use integrated financial management and strategic positioning as a driving force for business. Many of these tech companies face the same challenges, and, as the industry has proved to be highly volatile, there is a certain amount of risk every time strategic decisions are made.

Internal organizational characteristics and their impact on sales: the case of Paraguayan MSMEs during the covid-19 pandemic

Internal organizational characteristics and their impact on sales: the case of Paraguayan MSMEs during the covid-19 pandemic

Examining network entry decisions in healthcare: Network and organizational characteristics

AbstractAccountable Care Organizations (ACOs) are healthcare collaboration networks comprised of hospitals and other healthcare providers. The motivation behind the formation of ACOs is to improve the quality of care while reducing healthcare costs. Despite these commendable goals, hospitals’ participation in ACOs remains low; the most significant barrier being the risk associated with joining. Our research tackles this timely and potentially impactful topic by exploring factors that facilitate hospitals' ACO entry decisions. We apply resource dependence theory to explain that competition network characteristics, organizational network characteristics, and internal organizational characteristics mitigate hospitals’ financial risk and are therefore critical to ACO participation. Using survival analysis, we test our research hypotheses using longitudinal data from 3114 hospitals. Our findings suggest that hospitals with a high level of competition network centrality are more likely to join an ACO, while hospitals with a high level of competition network tie diversity are less likely to join. In addition, hospitals with experience in joining other healthcare networks, such as Regional Healthcare Information Organizations, or belonging to a large parent group, are inclined to enter an ACO. Lastly, hospitals with a high level of unabsorbed slack are prone to ACO participation. Given that knowledge of hospitals’ participation in ACOs is lacking, this research is relevant for practitioners in the US healthcare industry. Specifically, it provides insights for hospital administrators on the critical resources that need to be strengthened before joining an ACO. Our findings also provide practical guidance for healthcare policy makers on how to profile, target, and efficiently promote ACO participation among hospitals.

The Influential Factors of Internal Audit Effectiveness: A Conceptual Model

The purpose of this paper is to systematically review the literature on the influential factors of internal audit effectiveness and articulate these factors in a conceptual model. A systematic literature review (SLR) is conducted to identify the influential factors of internal audit effectiveness; relevant studies are reviewed between the period January 1999 and March 2022 through a lens focused on the key factors of internal audit effectiveness. In addition, our review took into consideration what is mentioned in The International Professional Practices Framework for Internal Auditing (IPPF). Five factors of internal audit effectiveness and their dimensions are identified and comprised into a conceptual model, these factors are internal audit organizational characteristics, internal audit relationships, internal audit processes, internal audit resources, and internal audit coordination with other assurance providers. This paper provides internal audit practitioners, audit committees, and senior management in organizations with a broad understanding and comprehensive overview of the key factors that should be considered to make their internal audit functions more effective. This paper proposes a conceptual model that provides a holistic view of the influential factors of internal audit effectiveness and clearly identifies the dimensions of the factors. Additionally, it provides an opportunity for future research to test the model and build on it as well.

Predicting Islamic Finance Adoption Behavior by MSMEs: Institutional Theory Approach

Research aims: This study aims to develop and validate a prediction model for the Islamic finance adoption by MSMEs based on isomorphism theory. In addition, this study also intends to show that the individual cognitive theory approach employed by previous studies in this area is not appropriate.Design/Methodology/Approach: The research strived to develop a predictive model; therefore, variance-based SEM analysis was chosen. The research data were 242 MSMEs selected from four regencies/cities in Central Java Province, i.e., Semarang City, Pekalongan City, Jepara Regency, and Cilacap Regency. The analysis was carried out to ensure that the measurement and structural models were excellent and acceptable.Research findings: This study successfully constructed and validated a model to predict the behavior of adopting Islamic finance by MSMEs employing the isomorphism theory framework. The resulting model has considered a more comprehensive domain, i.e., external organization (isomorphism pressure), internal organization (good corporate governance, GCG), and individual characteristics of the leaders (halal self-awareness, HSA).Theoretical contribution/Originality: This study closed the research gap in investigating the determinants of Islamic finance adoption from the demand side using an organizational perspective, thereby contributing to building a body of knowledge in the domain of MSME behavior and Islamic finance. Theoretically, the resulting model can be an alternative or substitute for the previous approach. As an organization, MSME behavior should not be investigated using individual cognitive theory as done by all previous studies. This study also introduced a new construct called halal self-awareness (HSA). This construct can be exploited and further developed to investigate individual characteristics of halal products or concepts.Practitioner/Policy implication: Stakeholders must have a strong commitment and earnest efforts to increase coercive and mimetic pressures, increase the HSA of MSME owner-managers, and realize good MSME governance. All this will encourage MSMEs to adopt Islamic finance to contribute positively to improving the national Islamic economic and financial landscape.Research limitation/Implication: The HSA construct could not reveal its direct effect on the adoption behavior of MSMEs. Therefore, future studies need to pay more attention to the measures for the HSA construct, namely: HSA neutral (“I know exactly how well my awareness about…”) or HSA positive (“I know exactly that I have a good awareness of .... ”). That way, the impact of the HSA becomes more accurate.

Examining the relationship between board member selection criteria and board boundary spanning into internal, upward, and outward accountability environments

AbstractPrevious literature establishes a contingency‐based framework of external conditions, internal organizational characteristics, and board attributes and composition that impact board effectiveness and calls for more industry‐specific nonprofit studies to build the field's knowledge of the factors that lead to nonprofit board effectiveness. In this manuscript, we use a national study of nonprofit charter school boards to answer this call. Controlling for internal organizational characteristics and external conditions, we examine how board member selection criteria is related to levels of board boundary spanning in inward, upward, and outward accountability environments. Selecting board members because of their knowledge of the organization, have membership in the group being served and for their willingness to give time is all associated with higher levels of inward, upward, and outward accountability activities. Alternatively, selecting board members because they are friends/acquaintances of current board members is associated with lower levels of activities across all three accountability environments. Our findings suggest that charter school boards may be recruiting board members who can relate to multiple stakeholder groups across accountability environments rather than selecting for members who operate in distinct accountability environments.

The Influence of Budget Process, Internal Control, Organizational Characteristics on the Performance of Church Organizations in Indonesia

The budgeting process, Internal Control and organizational characteristics are important. The research findings are expected the budgeting process, the internal control and organizational characteristics. Purpose of research aim to know the effect a Budgeting Process, Internal Control, Organizational Characteristics on Church Organizational Performance. This research a survey explanatory research design were 236 respondents who were church operational in Medan, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The data use is primary and analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling analysis test. This type of research is quantitative. The results show that there is no influence of budgeting process indicators and organizational characteristics on performance.

Internationalization performance effects of causation and effectuation: a contingency approach

Our study addresses a fundamental research question at the heart of IB and IE research: what specific configurations of internal (organizational) characteristics, external contingencies and entry mode choice drive organizational performance? We incorporated insights from the literature on cognitive micro-foundations in the internationalization process model that allowed us to include effectuation logics in the analysis of entry mode decision making of MNEs and performance of an internationalizing firm. We also explored the combined and simultaneous effects of endogenous and exogenous factors on the firm’s performance, such as the decision-making logic (effectuation and causation), the actual entry mode decision, entrepreneurial and international experience of the decision makers as well as exogenous factors such as the psychic distance of the host country. Examined through fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA), we look at the simultaneous effect of the endogenous and exogenous variables on a firm’s performance offering a holistic view and a more nuanced understanding of the possible configurations that lead to superior performance.

Проблемы формирования компетенций организации: стратегические аспекты

The purpose of the study is to determine the internal organizational characteristics and parameters of personnel policy aimed at increasing the strategic competence of the organization. The article examines the opportunities that the management of modern organizations faces in the field of forming a strategically competent organization. The analysis of scientific literature shows that for this purpose it is important not only to develop the competencies of employees, but also to create an adequate organizational context that encourages them to search and generate new knowledge, which in turn actualizes the problem of coordinating various elements and components of the organization: organizational culture, information management, digitalization of business processes, etc. At the same time, the importance of traditional personnel policy tools does not decrease, although it is undergoing some changes. The direction and nature of these changes is determined by the expediency of using the concept of a competency-based approach in practice. In this case, it is necessary to analyze business processes and identify the personnel core as the main link that forms the strategic competencies of the organization. The scientific novelty lies in the substantiation of the internal organizational characteristics and parameters of the personnel policy, which make it possible to increase the effectiveness of the use of employee competencies as a key factor in the development of the organization's competitiveness.

Investigation of pH-Responsiveness inside Lipid Nanoparticles for Parenteral mRNA Application Using Small-Angle X-ray Scattering.

Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based nanomedicines have shown to be a promising new lead in a broad field of potential applications such as tumor immunotherapy. Of these nanomedicines, lipid-based mRNA nanoparticles comprising ionizable lipids are gaining increasing attention as versatile technologies for fine-tuning toward a given application, with proven potential for successful development up to clinical practice. Still, several hurdles have to be overcome to obtain a drug product that shows adequate mRNA delivery and clinical efficacy. In this study, pH-induced changes in internal molecular organization and overall physicochemical characteristics of lipoplexes comprising ionizable lipids were investigated using small-angle X-ray scattering and supplementary techniques. These changes were determined for different types of ionizable lipids, present at various molar fractions and N/P ratios inside the phospholipid membranes. The investigated systems showed a lamellar organization, allowing an accurate determination of pH-dependent structural changes. The differences in the pH responsiveness of the systems comprising different ionizable lipids and mRNA fractions could be clearly revealed from their structural evolution. Measurements of the degree of ionization and pH-dependent mRNA loading into the systems by fluorescence assays supported the findings from the structural investigation. Our approach allows for direct in situ determination of the structural response of the lipoplex systems to changes of the environmental pH similar to that observed for endosomal uptake. These data therefore provide valuable complementary information for understanding and fine-tuning of tailored mRNA delivery systems toward improved cellular uptake and endosomal processing.

Organizational characteristics conducive to the implementation of health programs among Latino churches

BackgroundFaith-based organizations (FBOs) can be effective partners in the implementation of health interventions to reach underserved audiences. However, little is known about the capacity they have or need to engage in these efforts. We examined inner-setting organizational characteristics hypothesized to be important for program implementation by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved 34 churches with predominantly Latino congregations in Massachusetts. FBO leaders completed a survey assessing inner-setting CFIR organizational characteristics, including organizational readiness, implementation climate, organizational culture, and innovation “fit” with organizational mission.ResultsThere was limited variability in CFIR organizational characteristics, with scores on a scale from 1 to 5 skewed toward higher values, ranging from 3.27 (SD 0.94) for implementation climate to 4.58 (SD 0.54). Twenty-one percent of the FBOs had offered health programs in the prior year.ConclusionsFBOs had high scores on most of the organizational factors hypothesized to be important for the implementation of health programs, although relatively few FBOs offered them. While this suggests that FBOs have favorable characteristics for health programming, prospective studies are needed to understand relative salience of inner-setting organizational characteristics versus factors external to the organization (e.g., policies, incentives), as well as the potential direction of relationships between internal organizational characteristics and health program offerings.Trial registrationClinical trials identifier number NCT01740219 (clinicaltrials.gov)

Drivers of ICT investments in bakery and sugar confectionery processed food sub-sector in India

PurposeInformation and communication technology (ICT) is a general-purpose technology, which plays an important role in improving the efficiency of a business firm. Nowadays, investment on ICT has become necessary for every business firm in different sectors of the economy. However, firms need to be very cautious while investing on a particular ICT, which is suitable for their businesses. Thus, it becomes necessary for the firm to understand its internal organizational characteristics to invest better on ICT. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to understand the organizational factors, which influence investment on ICT at the firm level.Design/methodology/approachThe technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework is adopted to understand the organizational factors which influence a firm's ICT investment. The sample for the study is the firms belonging to bakery and sugar confectionery sector, which is one of the important sub-sectors of processed food industry in India. The data for analysis is extracted from a secondary source, namely the Prowess Database. The study uses two-step system GMM, a method of generalized method of moment (GMM), to identify the organizational determinants of ICT investment at the firm level.FindingsThe study finds that previous-year investment on ICT has a significant impact on firms' present-year investment on ICT. The result of the econometric method also shows that firms which are larger, labour-intensive and highly liquidated are the ones investing more on ICT in the present study.Research limitations/implicationsAs mentioned, the study examines the ICT investment determinants of firms belonging to one of the important sub-sectors of processed food industry of the Indian economy. However, the result of the study is not to be generalized since it is related only to a specific industry. Further, the data used in the study is limited by secondary sources and therefore, requires data from primary sources for in-depth investigation of ICT investment determinants at the firm level.Originality/valueThis paper bridges a research gap by examining the determinants of ICT investment of one of the important industry sectors in particular to developing countries. The paper contributes to the growing research on information technology adoption by using factors within the TOE framework to explain a processed food firm's investment on ICT.

Creativity of small firms in creative industry: Initial evidence from Indonesia

This study aims to evaluate the effects of individual creativity, group creativity, internal organizational characteristics, and external factors of knowledge creation toward organizational creativity of small firms in Indonesia creative industry. In addition, it evaluates the relationship between the organizational creativity and the performance. The study was carried out using a cross-sectional survey with 34 samples (convenience sampling). The correlation between key variables was analyzed using path analysis. Results indicate that organizational creativity is significantly influenced by group design creativity, while individual creativity, organizational characteristics, and external factors of knowledge creation have no significant effect on organizational creativity. The results of the study show that if the small creative industry wants to improve its performance, one of the creativity variables that needs to be optimized is the creativity of the design group.

Intraorganizational Conditions Supporting Social Innovations by Human Service Nonprofits

Social innovation is a distinct type of innovation that refers to the efforts of individuals and organizations that help to create opportunities that have a broader impact on a social system and/or the experiences of a vulnerable social group as a whole. This research identifies the intraorganizational conditions that support or hinder efforts by human service nonprofits to undertake social innovations. Utilizing a cross-sectional research design with a random sample of human service nonprofits ( N = 165) in Pennsylvania, the study identifies internal organizational conditions related to cohesion, procedures, and staff engagement that positively predict product, process, and socially transformative social innovations. This study provides empirical evidence of specific internal organizational characteristics that are supportive of social innovations in human service nonprofits. Furthermore, areas for organizational development related to leadership, staff and volunteer engagement, and procedures and processes are identified that support the development and undertaking of social innovations.

Measuring candidate selection mechanisms in European elections: Comparing formal party rules to candidate survey responses

Students of party organization often rely on politicians’ perceptions when measuring internal party institutions and organizational characteristics. We compare a commonly used survey measure of political parties’ European Parliament candidate selection mechanisms to measures that the authors coded directly from parties’ selection rules. We find substantial disconnect between formal institutions and survey respondent perceptions of selection mechanisms, raising questions about measure accuracy and equivalency. While this divergence may be driven either by distinctions between de jure and de facto selection procedures or by respondent error, we find the differences between the two measures are unsystematic. Our findings suggest that authors studying party characteristics must decide whether their research question calls for survey or formal institutional measures.

Examination Of Interaction And Statistical Differences Between Information And Communication Within Internal Control And Managers’ Perceived Communication Skills

Internal control, which plays a proactive and integral role in organizations’ adaptation to changes and alterations that they face, is a dynamic structure that is developed as a result of strategic plans and analyses which contributes greatly to the realizing of organizational strategies. Strategic analysis has two aspects. First one is the aspect that displays the internal characteristics of organization and the second is related to its external environment. Information and communication have vital importance because of being both one of the internal characteristics of organization and one of the compounds of internal control. In the application stage of the research, a face-to-face survey was applied to 373 people selected by simple random sampling, who work at state schools of primary and secondary education in province of Nigde, in Turkey. Hypotheses that were formulated according to research model were analyzed by appropriate statistical methods. Consequently, perceived communication skills of managers are effective on internal control information and communication and there are statistical relationship and significant differences between them.

The Examination of Factors Relating to the Leadership Style of Nursing Leaders in Hospitals

Abstract Theories often describe leadership with different classifications, based on personality and behaviour, and have been used to establish the traits and behaviours that determine an effective leadership style. We used the quantitative methodology to investigate the determinants of the leadership style among nursing leaders in Slovene hospitals. Based on the results, we determined that demographic characteristics such as gender, age, length of employment, and level of education do not affect the choice of the leadership style. Internal organizational characteristics such as job position, emotional intelligence, communication, personal characteristics, and the decision-making process are positively associated with the leadership style. Personal characteristics are considered important when it comes to using specific leadership styles, regardless of the choice of the leadership style, which also depends on the situation and external influences.

Knowledge Searching, Integrating and Performing: Always a Tuned Trio for Innovation?

External search strategies remain ineffective without the ability of the firm to communicate and share internally what has been absorbed from the environment. However, most of the literature remains silent on the advantages (and disadvantages) firms may get when they combine internal integration mechanisms and innovative management practices into their efforts to search for external knowledge inflows with the aim of product innovation. To bridge this gap, this work has investigated the external knowledge search practices firms deploy to innovate their products, exploring the relationships among the use of such practices, some internal organizational characteristics and innovation performance. In so doing, the paper raises two key findings. First, there is a complementarity between the use of search practices and practices used to facilitate horizontal cross-functional integration and to encourage, address and manage employees’ efforts in generating new solutions to technical or market issues in the front-end of innovation processes. Second, taking into consideration the complementarity between external search and such internal organization mechanisms allows unveiling a quadratic effect stemming from the use of search practices on innovation performance. This “complementarity lens” also allows us to explore different configurations for managing the front-end of innovation processes and their related outcome on the innovation process. In this regard, we found evidence of some “indifference zones”, where the effectiveness of the external search processes firms activate does not depend on the extent of the internal mechanisms firms use to absorb and articulate external knowledge.

Organisations islamiques en Europe et aux États-Unis : les perspectives interdisciplinaires et ascendantes

This article utilizes an analytical framework that examines the differences in the organizational forms and strategies of Islamic organizations with reference to both internal and external factors affecting the organization, such as internal organizational characteristics and national and transnational political opportunity structures. This perspective is applied to review the empirical results of recent secondary studies from a cross-national and transatlantic perspective. In particular, this paper centres around a meta-analysis of research findings collected in the volume Islamic organizations in Europe and the USA: A multidisciplinary perspective, edited by Kortmann and Rosenow-Williams (2013), which presents new empirical research on Islamic organizations in the USA, Germany, France, the Netherlands, the UK, the Baltic States, Poland, Spain, Belgium and Switzerland.