Internal Morphological Features Research Articles

Interactive three-dimensional atlas of the mineralized skeleton of the sand tiger shark Carcharias taurus.

Non-invasive computed tomography (CT) of an adult sand tiger shark Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810 is used to provide an interactive three-dimensional 'general' shark (Selachimorpha) anatomy atlas. Given its post-cranial body morphology, the sand tiger shark appeared to be a well-chosen candidate and through comparison of the sand tiger shark with several other representatives of all eight established orders of sharks, we confirm that the relatively large degree of mineralization of the endoskeleton, along with the overall size, makes the sand tiger shark an ideal candidate for skeletal segmentation and construction of a skeletal atlas using conventional CT. This atlas both increases accessibility to the internal morphological features of the sand tiger shark and provides a more generalized overview of the skeletal anatomy of sharks and can aid as a supplement to destructive fresh dissection of specimens in the future and the construction of future skeletal atlases of other less mineralized sharks.

Superior supercapacitor performance with tuneable 2D/3D morphological microporous carbons of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks synthesized by recycling mother liquors

Carbonized metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)-based nanoporous carbon materials (NPCs) offer attractive activities in electrochemical energy conversion and storage (EECS) applications; however, there is the need for scalable MOFs production under reduced energy/environmental impact. This study reports a green synthesis route for model zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) materials via recycling methanol-based mother liquors (ZIF-RMLx) under room temperature stirring and their carbonized materials (CZC-RMLx) for high-performance supercapacitors. Series of ZIF-RMLx samples produced in four recycles offer rod-/sheet-/polyhedral-like 2D/3D microstructures with tuneable internal and external framework and morphological features. Accordingly, CZC-RMLx, obtained by direct pyrolysis, with high microporosity and surface area of 1500 m2 g−1 deliver excellent capacitance values of 200–340 F g−1, compared to typical MOFs-derived or chemically activated/templated NPCs, produced via extended chemical processing. Structure-relevant and comparative performance analysis reveal insights for improved charge storage and carbonization-dependent graphitization, nitrogen-doping and microporosity-controlled capacitance characteristics in the CZC-RMLx over typical NPCs in literature. The device-level performance with a long-term durability over 21,000 cycles is demonstrated. The practical potential of CZC-RMLx is further evaluated by fabricating solid-state cells and their parallel and series circuit combinations result in overall capacitance and voltage boost to 450 F g−1 and 2.4 V, respectively.

The α-crystallin Chaperones Undergo a Quasi-ordered Co-aggregation Process in Response to Saturating Client Interaction

Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are ATP-independent chaperones vital to cellular proteostasis, preventing protein aggregation events linked to various human diseases including cataract. The α-crystallins, αA-crystallin (αAc) and αB-crystallin (αBc), represent archetypal sHSPs that exhibit complex polydispersed oligomeric assemblies and rapid subunit exchange dynamics. Yet, our understanding of how this plasticity contributes to chaperone function remains poorly understood. Using biochemical and biophysical analyses combined with single-particle electron microscopy (EM), we examined structural changes in αAc, αBc and native heteromeric lens α-crystallins (αLc) in their apo-states and at varying degree of chaperone saturation leading to co-aggregation, using lysozyme and insulin as model clients. Quantitative single-particle analysis unveiled a continuous spectrum of oligomeric states formed during the co-aggregation process, marked by significant client-triggered expansion and quasi-ordered elongation of the sHSP oligomeric scaffold, whereby the native cage-like sHSP assembly displays a directional growth to accommodate saturating conditions of client sequestration. These structural modifications culminated in an apparent amorphous collapse of chaperone-client complexes, resulting in the creation of co-aggregates capable of scattering visible light. Intriguingly, these co-aggregates maintain internal morphological features of highly elongated sHSP oligomers with striking resemblance to polymeric α-crystallin species isolated from aged lens tissue. This mechanism appears consistent across αAc, αBc and αLc, albeit with varying degrees of susceptibility to client-induced co-aggregation. Importantly, our findings suggest that client-induced co-aggregation follows a distinctive mechanistic and quasi-ordered trajectory, distinct from a purely amorphous process. These insights reshape our understanding of the physiological and pathophysiological co-aggregation processes of α-crystallins, carrying potential implications for a pathway toward cataract formation.

Evaluation of the temporomandibular joint morphology and condylar position with cone-beam computerized tomography in patients with internal derangement.

To evaluate the relationship between internal derangement and morphological features of the temporomandibular joint by comparing joint morphology between patients with ID and control patients. The current study prospectively is evaluated the cone-beam computed images of 106 ID patients and 122 patients with asymptomatic joints; recorded angular and linear measurements. The relationships between these measurements and ID are investigated; the differences between the two groups using paired t tests. There were significant differences in the values of articular slope and the condyle height/glenoid fossa depth (CH/GFD) ratio between patients in the ID and control groups (p < 0.05). There was also a relationship between these parameters and the gender of patients with ID. The condylar position was posterior in the ID group. Posteriorly and superiorly located condyles with an increased CH/GFD ratio, condyles located eccentrically, and a steeper posterior slope may be risk factors for ID.

Factors Controlling the Distribution of Agglutinated Foraminiferal Morphogroups as Palaeoenvironmental Tracers in the Kharga Oasis, Egypt

Abstract The present authors used the scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy methodology as a standard approach for micropaleontological studies to detect test internal morphological and compositional features of agglutinated foraminifera grains collected from Maastrichtian-Paleogene of the Dakhla Oasis of Egypt. Five main morphogroups dominate Lower Kharga Member,the mixture of infaunal and epifaunal morphogroups indicating mesotrophic conditions during that time.All evolving new species found in the Early Paleocene are small and species richness remains low with small simple test morphologies resembling the under zone CF3 with a new appearance of morphogroup epifaunal flattened planispiral. Zone CF3 of Lower Kharga Member is characterized by the appearances of small-sized Trochammina which are associated with stressful environmental conditions. Zone P1c of the Upper Kharga Member is characterized by high percentages of calcareous agglutinated foraminifera and abundance of granular calcite and hyaline tests, which explained a sufficient quantity of calcium carbonate dissolved in the water and warm water basin. The strong decrease in diversity and heterogeneity of the assemblages, as well as the drastic drop in the number of infaunal elongated morphogroup coincident with the hiatus between CF3 and P1c (Maastrichtian/Danian boundary), indicate a dramatic decrease in the food supply to the sea-bottom floor.

A comparative study of melanocytic nevi classification with dermoscopy and high-frequency ultrasound.

Melanocytic nevi (MN) can be classified into three subtypes according to the depth of the nests of nevus cells which is important for management. High-frequency ultrasound (HF-US) can clearly reveal the lesion size, contour, depth, and internal structures. However, the HF-US studies of MN according to subtypes are limited. We aimed to describe the HF-US features of MN and explore its value in accurate classification. This retrospective study was conducted from January 2018 to November 2019. Eighty-five patients with MN were included and examined by 50 and 20MHz HF-US. The HF-US features were recorded including morphological flatness, depth, shape, boundary, internal echogenicity, hyperechoic spots, lateral acoustic shadow, posterior echoic patterns, mushroom signs, and straw-hat signs. Each image was evaluated by two physicians independently, and the consistency was tested. Eleven lesions could not be detected by HF-US. The rest 74 lesions underwent ultrasonic analysis. MN appeared as strip-shaped or oval, hypoechoic areas localized in the epidermis and dermis under ultrasonography. A strong consistency between HF-US and dermoscopy of determining the lesion depth was achieved (κ=0.935, p<0.001). The hyperechoic spots were found in 57.6% intradermal nevi. The mushroom signs were seen in 34.8% intradermal nevi, and the straw-hat signs were seen in all the compound nevi. MN can be correctly classified using HF-US, and it had a strong correlation with dermoscopic and clinical classification. HF-US could further reveal the internal morphological features of MN, which may support more precise classification and management.

Outcomes in Sonographically Categorized Complex Cystic Breast Lesions.

To investigate outcomes of patients with complex cystic breast lesions and to determine malignancy rates for each sonographic category. A total of 124 women with a mean age of 45 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Complex cysts were classified into four categories according to sonographic findings (thick septa/wall, intramural nodule, solid/cystic ratio) by two radiologists. Size, margin, short-to-long axis ratio, and vascularity were also noted. The relationship between sonographic features and histopathological/follow-up results was evaluated. Of 124 complex cysts, 11 were malignant and 113 were benign. There were 31 with thick septa/wall (category 1), 14 with intramural nodule (category 2), 60 with solid/cystic ratio < 1 (category 3), and 19 with solid/cystic ratio > 1 (category 4). Among 11 malignant tumors, six intraductal papillary carcinomas and three invasive ductal carcinomas were in category 3, whereas one invasive ductal carcinoma was in category 1 and one was in category 4. Most of malignant lesions (9/11, 82%) were in category 3. Most of benign lesions (96/113, 85%) were fibroadenomatoid/fibrocystic changes. The presence of vascularity (96%), irregular margin (94%), and short-to-long axis ratio ≥ 1 (94%) had higher accuracy rates for diagnosis of malignancy. The malignancy rate was 8.8% in our study. Besides internal morphological features, other sonographic features should be considered in the evaluation of complex cystic breast lesions. Due to substantial risk of malignancy and the overlapping sonographic features of benign and malignant lesions, tissue sampling of all complex cysts should be performed.

Selected Kefir Water from Malaysia Attenuates Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress by Upregulating Endogenous Antioxidant Levels in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells.

Kefir, a fermented probiotic drink was tested for its potential anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective effects to attenuate cellular oxidative stress on human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Here, the antioxidant potentials of the six different kefir water samples were analysed by total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) assays, whereas the anti-apoptotic activity on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced SH-SY5Y cells was examined using MTT, AO/PI double staining, and PI/Annexin V-FITC assays. The surface and internal morphological features of SH-SY5Y cells were studied using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicate that Kefir B showed the higher TPC (1.96 ± 0.54 µg GAE/µL), TFC (1.09 ± 0.02 µg CAT eq/µL), FRAP (19.68 ± 0.11 mM FRAP eq/50 µL), and DPPH (0.45 ± 0.06 mg/mL) activities compared to the other kefir samples. The MTT and PI/Annexin V-FITC assays showed that Kefir B pre-treatment at 10 mg/mL for 48 h resulted in greater cytoprotection (97.04%), and a significantly lower percentage of necrotic cells (7.79%), respectively. The Kefir B pre-treatment also resulted in greater protection to cytoplasmic and cytoskeleton inclusion, along with the conservation of the surface morphological features and the overall integrity of SH-SY5Y cells. Our findings indicate that the anti-oxidative, anti-apoptosis, and neuroprotective effects of kefir were mediated via the upregulation of SOD and catalase, as well as the modulation of apoptotic genes (Tp73, Bax, and Bcl-2).

Three new Luticola D.G.Mann (Bacillariophyta) species from Rapa Nui (Easter Island) found in terrestrial diatom assemblages dominated by widely distributed taxa

BackgroundRapa Nui (Easter Island = Isla de Pasqua) is of volcanic origin, best known for about 900 man-made stone statues known as moai. It is one of the most isolated inhabited islands on Earth and studies on the diatoms of Rapa Nui are very few.MethodsLight (LM) and electron microscopic (SEM) observations of a single sample collected from Rapa Nui are presented. The samples (mix of soil and organic detritus) were collected from ground of cave entrance.ResultsThe samples were characterized by low diatom diversity and strongly dominated by terrestrial (soil) forms. Among the taxa present in the material studied were cosmopolitan forms of the genera Humidophila, Nitzschia, Angusticopula, Orthoseira, Tryblionella and Luticola. Whereas most of taxa of the enumerated genera were identifiable, only one among four Luticola species distinguished in the samples studied was identified. This taxon was L. ectorii, a cosmopolitan species known previously from South America (Brazil) and Asia (China). The three remaining species could not be assigned to any established species. Therefore, based on external and internal morphological features from light and scanning electron microscopic analysis, we describe here three species new to science, including: L. georgzizkae, L. rapanuiensis and L. moaiorum. All three taxa new to science are compared to established Luticola species and their significance for the global distribution of the genus is discussed.

Rice-Like ZnO Architecture: An Eminent Electrode Material for High-Performance Ultracapacitor Application

In this investigation, the rice-like ZnO material was successfully synthesized using the CTAB assisted chemical co-precipitation method followed by a probable annealing process. The internal structure, thermal properties, phase studies, and morphological features were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques, respectively. The CTAB serves as a template that influences the fabrication process and exclusively alters ZnO materials’ morphological features. The high concentration of the CTAB (2 mM) template provides a rice-like ZnO structure. The synthesized ZnO material’s electrochemical properties were inspected using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge studies (GCD). The CV curves provide a specific capacitance of 457 F g−1 at a scan rate of 5 mVs−1, whereas the GCD curves affirm a specific capacitance of 449 F g−1 at a current density of 1 Ag−1. Furthermore, it also exhibits high cyclic stability with 94% of the initial capacitance retained even after continuous 2000 CV cycles at a scan rate of 100 mV s−1. These results signify that the rice-like ZnO material could be a significant postulant for ultra-capacitor electrode applications.

A Focus on Dynamic Modulus: Effects of External and Internal Morphological Features

The present work examines the effects of external and internal morphological features on the dynamic elastic modulus and its measure. It consists of two parts. The first part considers the effect of geometrical features of probes and shows the key role of roughness as source of a systematic error leading to the underestimation of the Young’s modulus. The second one is focused on the effect of porosity. Several models which consider the porosity as an ideal regular microstructure and the relative equations describing the Young’s modulus vs. porosity have been reviewed and critically discussed. The values of the relative modulus Er predicted by different models are similar for materials with low porosity (p &lt; 0.2) and isolated pores whereas they strongly diverge if p &gt; 0.2 and interconnected pores are present. Moreover, such models fail to describe the elastic behavior of materials correctly also with low porosity (p ≈ 0.1) such as sintered steels in the case of pores with a preferred orientation and an irregular shape.

Interpreting Morphological Adaptations Associated with Viviparity in the Tsetse Fly Glossina morsitans (Westwood) by Three-Dimensional Analysis.

Simple SummaryTsetse flies, the sole transmitters of African Sleeping Sickness parasites, have a unique reproductive biology. They only develop one offspring at a time, they carry that offspring in their uterus for its entire immature development and provide nourishment for that offspring via milk-like secretions. This specialized reproductive biology has required dramatic modifications to the morphology of the reproductive organs in these and related flies. Here, we use phase contrast micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT) to visualize these adaptations in three dimensions for the first time. These adaptations include cuticular modifications allowing increased abdominal volume, expanded abdominal and uterine musculature, reduced egg development capacity, structural features of the male seminal secretions and detailed visualization of the gland responsible for synthesis and secretion of “milk” to feed intrauterine larvae. The ability to examine these tissues within the context of the rest of the organ systems in the fly provides new functional insights into how these changes have facilitated the evolution of the mating and reproductive biology of these flies.Tsetse flies (genus Glossina), the sole vectors of African trypanosomiasis, are distinct from most other insects, due to dramatic morphological and physiological adaptations required to support their unique biology. These adaptations are driven by demands associated with obligate hematophagy and viviparous reproduction. Obligate viviparity entails intrauterine larval development and the provision of maternal nutrients for the developing larvae. The reduced reproductive capacity/rate associated with this biology results in increased inter- and intra-sexual competition. Here, we use phase contrast microcomputed tomography (pcMicroCT) to analyze morphological adaptations associated with viviparous biology. These include (1) modifications facilitating abdominal distention required during blood feeding and pregnancy, (2) abdominal and uterine musculature adaptations for gestation and parturition of developed larvae, (3) reduced ovarian structure and capacity, (4) structural features of the male-derived spermatophore optimizing semen/sperm delivery and inhibition of insemination by competing males and (5) structural features of the milk gland facilitating nutrient incorporation and transfer into the uterus. Three-dimensional analysis of these features provides unprecedented opportunities for examination and discovery of internal morphological features not possible with traditional microscopy techniques and provides new opportunities for comparative morphological analyses over time and between species.

Unraveling amazing structural features of a highly efficient “oxo-Co/phosphate” catalyst for water oxidation

The oxo-Co/phosphate based material (CoPi) developed by Kanan and Nocera in 2008 is among the most outstanding catalysts for water oxidation at neutral pH. The remarkable performance and striking properties of CoPi reside on its intriguing and unique structure. In the present contribution, TEM, SAED, UV-vis-NIR absorption and Raman spectroscopy were performed at 77 K, complemented by room temperature experiments, to unprecedentedly reveal that CoPi is composed by short-range ordered β-NaCoPO4 (a solid ionic conductor) and expanded-lattice Co3O4 clusters with electronic structures, vibrational responses and catalytic properties quite deviated from those of their bulk counterparts. Internal morphological features of CoPi are also disclosed. Consequently, some aspects of the previously proposed structure and operating mechanisms are revised. This study derived in a deposition route which yields CoPi layers that outperforms, as water oxidation catalyst, the traditionally electrodeposited CoPi.

Skin malignancy initially misdiagnosed as a benign epidermal cyst

Skin cancer, which often occurs as a result of skin exposure to ultraviolet light radiation, usually presents with characteristic abnormal features, such as ulcerative lesions, irregular morphology, bleeding, and excessive growth. Therefore, skin cancer rarely resembles a benign tumor on visual inspection. Nonetheless, squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma with nodular or polypoid features can have a similar appearance to that of benign tumors, meaning that they are sometimes misdiagnosed as benign. As benign and malignant tumors have some overlapping features, clinicians sometimes use additional imaging techniques such as ultrasonography to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis because even a malignant tumor that externally resembles a benign tumor generally has internal morphological features characteristic of malignancy, such as invasion and irregular borders. However, these imaging tools also have limitations, and punch or excisional biopsy can be needed if malignancy cannot be completely ruled out. Herein, we report a case of skin malignancy initially misdiagnosed as a benign epidermal cyst based on external visual inspection and ultrasonography.

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eunotia itacueretabaensis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt; sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae, Eunotiaceae) from the Campos Gerais region, Southern Brazil&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

We describe a new periphytic eunotioid species, Eunotia itacueretabaensis sp. nov., found in a second order stream in Vila Velha State Park in Southern Brazil. We analyzed both size variation and external and internal morphological features under light and scanning electron microscopy. The new species is mainly characterized by large size and morphology variation, and by the presence of three slight undulations in the dorsal margin of the valve in larger individuals, while smaller ones feature a single undulation, making it distinct from other known species. Its morphology is compared with similar species, as Eunotia pectinalis and Eunotia silvae. Eunotia itacueretabaensis was found attached to submerged tree trunks and forming macroscopic colonies in a fast flow acidic stream. Besides representing a new addition to the present database of Brazilian diatom flora, our study highlights the important role of environmental conservation areas, which serve as important repositories for unexplored species.

Multimodal Characterization of Resin Embedded and Sliced Polymer Nanoparticles by Means of Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and Force-Distance Curve Based Atomic Force Microscopy.

Understanding the property-function relation of nanoparticles in various application fields involves determining their physicochemical properties, which is still a remaining challenge to date. While a multitude of different characterization tools can be applied, these methods by themselves can only provide an incomplete picture. Therefore, novel analytical techniques are required, which can address both chemical functionality and provide structural information at the same time with high spatial resolution. This is possible by using tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS), but due to its limited depth information, TERS is usually restricted to investigations of the nanoparticle surface. Here, TERS experiments are established on polystyrene nanoparticles (PS NPs) after resin embedding and microtome slicing. With that, unique access to their internal morphological features is gained, and thus, enables differentiation between information obtained for core- and shell-regions. Complementary information is obtained by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and from force-distance curve based atomic force microscopy (FD-AFM). This multimodal approach achieves a high degree of discrimination between the resin and the polymers used for nanoparticle formulation. The high potential of TERS combined with advanced AFM spectroscopy tools to probe the mechanical properties is applied for quality control of the resin embedding procedure.

Marine flatworms in the Gulf of Guinea: a description of a new species of Pseudobiceros (Platyhelminthes; Polycladida) from Principe Island

A new species of polyclad flatworm belonging to the genus Pseudobiceros Faubel, 1984 is described based on external and internal morphological features from specimens collected on the coasts of Principe Island. Pseudobiceros principensis sp. nov. is a large-sized worm, with well-developed pseudotentacles, an elongated oval body shape, and deep marginal ruffles. It is characterized by a blackish to reddish background color, with scattered yellow and white spots or stripes of different sizes (forming a star-like shape) along the whole dorsal surface.

Diversity, Cyanotoxin Production, and Bioactivities of Cyanobacteria Isolated from Freshwaters of Greece.

Cyanobacteria are a diverse group of photosynthetic Gram-negative bacteria that produce an array of secondary compounds with selective bioactivity against a broad spectrum of organisms and cell lines. In this study, 29 strains isolated from freshwaters in Greece were classified using a polyphasic approach and assigned to Chroococcales, Synechococcales, and Nostocales, representing 11 genera and 17 taxa. There were good agreements between 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA)–cpcBA–internal genetic spacer (IGS) characterization and morphological features, except for the Jaaginema–Limnothrix group which appears intermixed and needs further elucidation. Methanol extracts of the strains were analyzed for cyanotoxin production and tested against pathogenic bacteria species and several cancer cell lines. We report for the first time a Nostoc oryzae strain isolated from rice fields capable of producing microcystins (MCs) and a Chlorogloeopsis fritschii strain isolated from the plankton of a lake, suggesting that this species may also occur in freshwater temperate habitats. Strains with very high or identical 16S rRNA gene sequences displayed different antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. Extracts from Synechococcus cf. nidulans showed the most potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, whereas Jaaginema sp. strains exhibited potent cytotoxic activities against human colorectal adenocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Jaaginema Thessaloniki Aristotle University Microalgae and Cyanobacteria (TAU-MAC) 0110 and 0210 strains caused pronounced changes in the actin network and triggered the formation of numerous lipid droplets in hepatocellular carcinoma and green monkey kidney cells, suggesting oxidative stress and/or mitochondrial damage leading to apoptosis.

A new species of the primitive stromatoporoid Cystostroma from the Ordovician of East Asia

A new species of the most primitive rosenellid stromatoporoid Cystostroma, C. primordia sp. nov. is reported from the Hunghuayuan Formation (Lower Ordovician, Floian) of Guizhou Province in the South China Block and the Duwibong Formation (Middle Ordovician, Darriwilian) of the Taebaeksan Basin in mid-eastern Korea (North China Block). This species is the first representative of the genus found in both the North and South China blocks. Cystostroma primordia sp. nov. is characterized by the absence of denticles and distinctively smaller cyst plates (height 0.04–0.20 mm, length 0.09–0.39 mm) than any other known species of Cystostroma. The presence of C. primordia sp. nov. in Lower to Middle Ordovician strata of western Gondwana challenges the long-held view of the late Middle Ordovician emergence of Paleozoic stromatoporoids. The simple internal morphological features of this new species and its occurrence in the Lower Ordovician of South China strongly indicate that an Early Ordovician Cystostroma-type precursor from western Gondwana is located near the base of the stromatoporoid stock. This occurrence greatly preceded the late Middle Ordovician (late Darriwilian) stromatoporoid diversification in circum-equatorial regions worldwide.

The Analysis of Xylem Vessel Structure of Populus euphratica Oliv.Fresh Branch by HRCT

ABSTRACTAnalysis of the xylem vessels of Populus euphratica Oliv. (P. euphratica) branch anatomical characteristics is usually performed using microtomy. It is time-consuming to obtain an abundance of cross-sections using microtomy, and the sample was dried and sliced. The more effective technology for the analysis of the anatomical characteristics of P. euphratica fresh branch would be of significance for the study of the tolerance mechanism. In this paper, the xylem vessels structure of P. euphratica branches were investigated by high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to establish an efficient method to research the tolerance mechanism of P. euphratica. Analysis of the images allowed characterisation of the internal morphological and histology structural features of the fresh and dried branches of P. euphratica. Drying process caused distinct changes in the microstructure of the branches with shrinking in the more external regions and the interspace between vessels compared with fresh branches. The SEM slice of the same sample that clearly has a higher resolution than the HRCT slice, and the structure of the xylem vessels is distinct in the SEM. However, SEM is a destructive process that requires complex sample preparation, and the quality of the sample preparation and staining directly affect the resulting images. It can be concluded that the xylem vessel of P. euphratica branches can be observed using HRCT, which offers an effective means of obtaining the needed quantitative data on the tolerance mechanism of P. euphratica.