Invasion Of Internal Jugular Vein Research Articles

Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma Invasion of the Ipsilateral Internal Jugular Vein: A Case Report

Thyroid cancer is the common malignancy of the endocrine system. Thyroid neoplasms are usually asymptomatic and slow growing. Uncommonly, aggressive thyroid neoplasms may invade adjacent blood vessels. Internal jugular vein invasion is a rare complication of an aggressive thyroid malignancy. Careful sonographic examination of a thrombus-like structure inside a blood vessel adjacent to the affected thyroid could reveal that the “thrombus” is part of the thyroid mass. The continuity of a thyroid neoplasm into the vascular lumen and inner-“thrombus” vascularity confirms the cancerous invasion. Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy is standard for differentiating benign versus malignant thyroid nodules. Genetic testing of thyroid nodules provides valuable clinical information in addition to the routine cytological analysis.

Efficiency of the Crile Procedure in the Removal of Thyroid Malignancies Invaded into the Internal Jugular Vein

Aim: This work aims to determine the effectiveness of the Crile procedure for optimizing the diagnosis and treatment of patients with locally advanced thyroid malignancies.
 Objects: The objects of the study were the results of treatment of patients with thyroid cancer using two techniques: Crile procedure and vein resection with sealing and preservation of blood flow.
 Materials and Methods: The research was carried out experimentally using Crile surgical intervention and vein resection with sealing and preservation of blood flow. The effectiveness of the treatment was assessed by observing the recurrence and mortality rates. The patient’s quality of life was assessed through the conversation and questionnaire survey.
 Results and Findings: It was found that Doppler ultrasonography of the main vessels in the neck helps to establish the internal jugular vein invasion, as well as its tumour thrombosis at the preoperative stage in clinical cases of suspected extrathyroidal extension of thyroid tumours in addition to radiological methods. A thyroid gland with a tumour invaded into the internal jugular vein must be radically removed with simultaneous resection of the affected part of the vein. We proved that the Crile procedure — resection of a vein with sealing of stumps and interruption of blood flow on one side of the neck — is a safe technique. It reduces the trauma and duration of the operation and reduces the likelihood of recurrence as it does not require further plastic surgery or vascular shunting with the restoration of blood flow. At the same time, bilateral interruption of blood flow in cases of resection of both internal jugular veins can lead to serious complications and requires a blood flow restoration operation from the side of the smaller tumour invasion.

Internal Jugular Vein and Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Invasion by Papillary Carcinoma Thyroid.

Thyroid cancer has a good prognosis among all cancers, the disease being confined to the thyroid gland for a long time. Thyroid cancer with the direct invasion of internal jugular vein and SCM muscle is a rare condition. In carcinoma thyroid, extensive vascular invasion is considered as a risk factor for distant metastasis and early relapse. We report a case of carcinoma thyroid with internal jugular vein tumor thrombosis and sternocleidomastoid muscle invasion with review of literature.

Prognostic values of preoperative platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-related indices in advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

To investigate the prognostic values of preoperative platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and platelet-related indices in advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC). The data of 247 eligible advanced HPSCC patients were reviewed retrospectively. Pretreatment haematological parameters were categorised into two groups based on the result of X-tile, and several variates were assessed using chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier method, Cox univariate and multivariate analysis. The optimal cut-off points of 171.4 for PLR, 260×109 /L for platelet, 10.4 fL for mean platelet volume (MPV) and 16.5% for platelet distribution width were defined. The haematological parameters PLR and MPV, postoperative metastasis and internal jugular vein invasion were statistically significant in OS and DFS analyses (P<.05). The high PLR (>171.4) or high MPV (>10.4fL) was significantly associated with worse OS and DFS (P<.05). The preoperative levels of PLR and MPV could be considered as independent prognostic predictors in patients with advanced HPSCC.

Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma with Gross Internal Jugular Vein Invasion and Multiple Lung Metastases

Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma with Gross Internal Jugular Vein Invasion and Multiple Lung Metastases

Outcome after thyroid surgery for metastasis from renal cell cancer

Owing to their rarity, the prognostic ramifications of thyroid metastases from renal cell cancer are unclear. This retrospective analysis comprised 17 patients who underwent thyroid surgery (15 total thyroidectomies, 2 lobectomies) for renal cell cancer metastases. The mean follow-up after thyroid surgery was 65 months. Seven of the 9 deaths involved patients with extrathyroidal metastatic growth despite previous locally curative resection in all but 1 patient. There was a strong relationship between extrathyroidal growth and recurrent laryngeal nerve invasion (57 vs 0%; P=.015), cervical lymph node metastasis (71 vs 0%; P=.003), the number of positive neck nodes (means of 1 vs 0 nodes; P=.014), laryngeal, tracheal or esophageal invasion (43 vs 0%; P=.05), and internal jugular vein invasion (43 vs 0%; P=.05). Powerful effects on cause-specific mortality after thyroid operation for renal cell cancer metastases were seen for extrathyroidal growth (means of 15 vs 69 months; P=.004) and recurrent laryngeal nerve invasion (means of 10 vs 56 months; P=.002). Extrathyroidal metastatic growth reflects an aggressive tumor biology, which may extend to other renal cell cancer metastases outside the neck. In this setting, extensive surgery aimed at preventing local complications should be embedded in a systemic treatment concept.

Solitary internal jugular vein invasion by thyroid carcinoma: Resection and reconstruction

Thyroid carcinoma usually presents as asymptomatic thyroid nodule. Thyroid cancer may show microscopic vascular invasion; however, internal jugular vein (IJV) invasion is a rare complication of thyroid cancer. We present a case of unilateral invasion of IJV caused by local nodal recurrence of the primary thyroid carcinoma. The patient had undergone a near total thyroidectomy, followed by modified left lymph node resection with left IJV resection. In this case, the infiltrated part of the right IJV was resected, and the vessel was reconstructed using saphenous vein autograft. In locally advanced, well-differentiated thyroid cancers, only the radical resection relieves symptoms and increases survival.