Intermediate Skills Research Articles

Effects of Project Based Learning on Student Achievement: Understanding of Science Concepts, Intermediate Process Skills, and Creativity

The research explores the dynamic landscape of education in Indonesia, marked by ongoing changes and enhancements across multiple domains. These transformations encompass curriculum revisions, improvements in educational standards, upgrades in school infrastructure, and advancements in the professional capabilities of educators including teachers and educational administrators. A primary objective of these reforms is to equip students with the competencies requisite for success in the 21st century, notably critical thinking, collaboration, communication, and creativity, often referred to as the 4Cs.This research uses a mixed-methods model, combining qualitative and quantitative data. Initial research is conducted through observation and interviews, followed by pretest and posttest given to students. The results show a significant improvement in students' understanding of scientific concepts, scientific process skills, and creativity after implementing project-based learning (PjBL). Additionally, students' response to PjBL is positive.The research concludes that PjBL affects students' understanding of scientific concepts, scientific process skills, and creativity. However, internal and external factors such as students' interest, motivation, learning environment, teachers, and learning materials also influence the effectiveness of learning.This research employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating both qualitative and quantitative data. Initial investigation involves observations and interviews, followed by administering pretests and posttests to students. The findings demonstrate a notable enhancement in students' comprehension of scientific concepts, scientific process skills, and creativity subsequent to the implementation of PjBL. Moreover, students' reception of PjBL is affirmative.

Challenges in implementing treat-to-target in rheumatoid arthritis: a perspective from Brazilian rheumatologists

BackgroundPatient management in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has evolved to a “treat-to-target” (T2T) approach, which entails intensive treatment and regular follow-up with the goal of achieving low levels of disease activity or clinical remission. Even though a T2T approach is endorsed by professional organizations and yields superior outcomes, its implementation remains incomplete. EVEREST (EleVatE care in RhEumatoid arthritiS with Treat-to-target) is a quality-improvement initiative designed to improve the widespread implementation of a personalized T2T strategy and enable patients with RA to reach their full potential for remission. We describe the Brazilian results from the Global T2T Survey, first part of the EVEREST program.MethodsBetween June and September 2022, we conducted an online survey targeting rheumatologists in Brazil. Our objective was to evaluate the barriers and knowledge gaps hindering the effective implementation of T2T strategies. To achieve this, we employed a set of multiple-choice questions specifically crafted to elicit responses categorized in a structured order.Results166 rheumatologists participated in the survey, 51% of them with more than 21 years of experience in rheumatology. Regarding the perceived challenges in the management of RA in clinical practice, the highest percentage of agreement/strong agreement among the participants was related to the contradictory results of disease activity measures (60%). In terms of the main barriers to assess the disease activity in clinical practice, the lack of adherence to treatment and contradictory assessments between patient-reported outcomes and composite measures were indicated by 75% and 59% of the participants, respectively, as a moderate/serious barrier. The most frequently knowledge and skill gaps related to the management of RA pointed out by the participants were on the difficulty to assess patients’ health literacy (54% stated to have no more than intermediate knowledge on standardized methods to assess it and 43% no more than intermediate skills on determining the level of health literacy of the patients). In general, the use of tools to support the management of RA patients in clinical practice was indicated to be unusual by the participants. Self-reflection questionnaires, patient education materials and treatment consideration checklists were pointed out as the least frequently used tools (85%, 64% and 62% of the participants stated to use them never, rarely, or only sometimes, respectively).ConclusionsOur findings indicate a greater need for design, selection, and uptake of practical strategies to further improve communication between healthcare providers and patients with RA, as well as for promoting well-informed, collaborative decision-making in their care.

An analysis of turn-taking behaviors of Japanese learners of English in videoconferencing discussions

To successfully interact in a new language, learners must effectively take turns and manage the floor. Expectations and rules for turn-taking can differ between languages, making this more than a question of grammatical proficiency and vocabulary acquisition. In addition, the increased use of videoconferencing software in education and beyond makes learning to manage the floor in virtual spaces a useful skill for everyone, including language learners. To analyze the turn-taking behaviors of first language (L1) speakers of Japanese using English in videoconferencing interactions, three classes of first-year university students with intermediate level English skills were selected to have their in-class videoconferencing discussions recorded. Three of the recorded discussions were selected and analyzed to identify turn-taking behaviors and to analyze the techniques that influenced the speakers’ ability to succeed. Participants were observed to leave long gaps between speakers at turn transitions and rarely extended discussion topics to include multiple turns per speaker. There were three behaviors that were observed that helped some participants to reduce the gap between speakers. Clearly marking the end of a turn, energetic use of verbal backchannels, and comfort with unintentional overlap all seemed to be correlated with improved transition speed. Increased use of questions did lead to some topics being discussed beyond a single turn per speaker, but the difference was relatively small.

An overview of key online resources for human genomics: a powerful and open toolbox for in silico research.

Recent advances in high-throughput molecular methods have led to an extraordinary volume of genomics data. Simultaneously, the progress in the computational implementation of novel algorithms has facilitated the creation of hundreds of freely available online tools for their advanced analyses. However, a general overview of the most commonly used tools for the in silico analysis of genomics data is still missing. In the current article, we present an overview of commonly used online resources for genomics research, including over 50 tools. This selection will be helpful for scientists with basic or intermediate skills in the in silico analyses of genomics data, such as researchers and students from wet labs seeking to strengthen their computational competencies. In addition, we discuss current needs and future perspectives within this field.

Recruiting refugees to reduce labour shortages in health care professions: experimental evidence on the potential of foreign-language outreach on social media

BackgroundMany high-income countries are grappling with severe labour shortages in the healthcare sector. Refugees and recent migrants present a potential pool for staff recruitment due to their higher unemployment rates, younger age, and lower average educational attainment compared to the host society's labour force. Despite this, refugees and recent migrants, often possessing limited language skills in the destination country, are frequently excluded from traditional recruitment campaigns conducted solely in the host country’s language. Even those with intermediate language skills may feel excluded, as destination-country language advertisements are perceived as targeting only native speakers. This study experimentally assesses the effectiveness of a recruitment campaign for nursing positions in a German care facility, specifically targeting Arabic and Ukrainian speakers through Facebook advertisements.MethodsWe employ an experimental design (AB test) approximating a randomized controlled trial, utilizing Facebook as the delivery platform. We compare job advertisements for nursing positions in the native languages of Arabic and Ukrainian speakers (treatment) with the same advertisements displayed in German (control) for the same target group in the context of a real recruitment campaign for nursing jobs in Berlin, Germany. Our evaluation includes comparing link click rates, visits to the recruitment website, initiated applications, and completed applications, along with the unit cost of these indicators. We assess statistical significance in group differences using the Chi-squared test.ResultsWe find that recruitment efforts in the origin language were 5.6 times (Arabic speakers) and 1.9 times (Ukrainian speakers) more effective in initiating nursing job applications compared to the standard model of German-only advertisements among recent migrants and refugees. Overall, targeting refugees and recent migrants was 2.4 (Ukrainians) and 10.8 (Arabic) times cheaper than targeting the reference group of German speakers indicating higher interest among these groups.ConclusionsThe results underscore the substantial benefits for employers in utilizing targeted recruitment via social media aimed at foreign-language communities within the country. This strategy, which is low-cost and low effort compared to recruiting abroad or investing in digitalization, has the potential for broad applicability in numerous high-income countries with sizable migrant communities. Increased employment rates among underemployed refugee and migrant communities, in turn, contribute to reducing poverty, social exclusion, public expenditure, and foster greater acceptance of newcomers within the receiving society.

Differences in hand acceleration and digital reaction time between different skill levels of Counter Strike players

Due to the international prominence that eSports are acquiring, it is necessary to study their effects on human behavior. Specifically, the difference between the motor skills of players with different levels of experience. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to observe whether there are differences in hand accelerations (mouse handling) and digital reaction time between different skill levels. 21 subjects participated and were grouped according to their skill level (Low, Intermediate and Elite levels). The results showed greater hand accelerations in the Elite and Intermediate Skills players than Low-Skill players (p < 0.05). The hand-eye reaction time was lower in the Elite-Skill group than in the Low-Skill group (p = 0.008). Those with a Low-Skill had a higher dots per inch (DPI) than those with Intermediate and Elite Skills (p < 0.05). Elite-Skill players used larger screens than Low-Skill players (p = 0.034). The results suggest that players with better skills have better hand acceleration and shorter hand-eye reaction time.

Comparison of One-Person Technique and Two-Person Technique for Colonoscope Insertion: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The one-person technique (OPT) for colonoscope insertion is recommended by professional societies and regarded as standard practice. However, the two-person technique (TPT) has shown several advantages over the OPT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the TPT compared to the OPT. Methods: In this prospective study, consecutive individuals presenting for outpatient colonoscopy were randomized to undergo colonoscopy by OPT or by TPT. The colonoscopies were performed by six endoscopists, two of whom were beginners, two with intermediate skills, and two who were experts. The primary endpoints were quality indicators for colonoscopy, including adenoma detection rate, cecal intubation rate, cecal insertion time, and total colonoscopy time. A secondary outcome was procedure tolerability, as assessed by both the patients and the endoscopists. Results: Two hundred and four subjects (117 males, mean age 54.3) were randomized to either one- (n = 102) or two-person (n = 102) colonoscopy. The adenoma detection rate was 30.4% in OPT group and 34.3% in TPT group. (p = 0.55). No significant differences between the two groups were found in terms of cecal intubation rate (98/102 vs. 98/102), insertion time (411 vs. 381 s), and total examination time (1426 vs. 1296 s). However, patients receiving the TPT had lower pain scores than patients receiving the OPT. Endoscopist fatigue measured with the FACIT-F was also significantly lower in the TPT group. Conclusion: The two-person colonoscopy method was not shown to be technically or clinically inferior. Rather, the TPT can improve patient tolerance and reduce endoscopist fatigue.

Factors Influencing Injury Severity and Frequency among Korean Sports Participants in Their 20s and 30s.

This study aimed to explore the factors that affect the severity and number of sports injuries among Korean sports participants in their 20s and 30s. The data of 5118 lifestyle and professional athletes in their 20s and 30s were collected from a sports safety survey conducted by the Korea Sports Safety Foundation in 2019. The characteristics of the study population were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Determinants of injury severity and frequency based on participants' sex were identified using multivariate logistic regression analyses. The results show that among male sports participants, the type of athlete, knowledge of first aids, the physical condition, completing safety education, the skill level, and checking environmental factors were associated with injury severity. Among female sports participants, the type of athlete, the physical condition, performing finishing exercises, completing safety education, and the skill level were associated with injury severity. Additionally, among male sports participants, physical condition, completing safety education, skill level, participating in exercises according to one's fitness level, and having an awareness of accident prevention methods were associated with injury frequency. Lastly, among female sports participants, drinking water during scheduled breaks, carrying water to stay hydrated, physical condition, completing safety education, and skill level were associated with injury frequency. Furthermore, being a lifestyle athlete, being in good physical condition, and having beginner or intermediate skills in one's sport reduced injury severity among Korean sports participants in their 20s and 30s. Being in good physical condition, not completing safety education, and having beginner skills in one's sport reduced the injury frequency among Korean sports participants in their 20s and 30s. These findings suggest that lifestyle and professional athletes should be aware of these factors and participate in sports activities in a manner that reduces injury severity and frequency. Moreover, these factors should be considered when developing strategies to prevent sport injuries in lifestyle and professional athletes and allow them to participate in sports activities safely.

Medical Spanish Graphic Activity: A MeGA Deliberate Practice Approach to Reducing Jargon Use With Spanish-Speaking Acute Care Patients.

Medical Spanish courses in US medical schools aim to teach patient-centered communication, yet many existing resources focus on technical vocabulary and may inadvertently increase jargon use with patients. Graphic medicine presents an opportunity for interactive learning that centers the patient experience, yet it has never been explored in medical Spanish education. We developed a Medical Spanish Graphic Activity (MeGA) for medical student deliberate practice of patient-centered verbal communication focused on three aspects: diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up care. Each 30-minute activity included a comics handout depicting a patient with a common problem. Students used voice-to-text technology to record their explanations in response to prompts. Transcripts were analyzed for jargon use, including total jargon, unexplained jargon, and problem words (non-Spanish words plus unexplained jargon), utilizing a previously published, reliable protocol for Spanish medical jargon classification. Participants voluntarily provided postactivity feedback. Twenty-nine fourth-year students with intermediate or greater Spanish skills participated in a series of 10 MeGA activities between January and April 2022. Unexplained jargon use and problem words progressively decreased for all transcripts (diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up; all ps < .001). Total jargon use also decreased, but this was not significant in follow-up transcripts (p = .38). All students agreed that MeGA helped them enhance communication skills applicable to patient care and self-identify strengths and limitations. MeGA is realistic to implement, engages students' active participation in the speaking domain, and reduces unexplained jargon use. Future studies should explore the broader application of this model and engage patient perspectives.

Analysis of Students' Mathematical Critical Thinking Skills and Collaborative Collaboration Skills

This study will provide an overview of the relationship between student collaboration and the mathematical critical thinking skills of grade VIII-F students of SMP N 1 Yogyakarta. The correlational technique is a technique used to test the relationship between the two variables. Based on the findings, there is a linear relationship between the mathematical critical thinking capacity of learners and the willingness to work together. The conclusion that can be drawn is that there is a substantial relationship between collaboration skills and mathematical critical thinking skills of grade VIII-F students of SMP N 1 Yogyakarta because of r_hitung&gt;r_tabel (0.467&gt;0.29). so that the conclusion that can be obtained is that there is a significant relationship between the ability to think critically mathematically and the collaboration of students of VIII-F SMP N 1 Yogyakarta. In addition, the relationship between the two research variables was positive because r_hitung= 0.467. Overall, students' collaboration skills fall into the medium, high, and very high categories, while their mathematical critical thinking skills fall into the low, medium, and high categories. However, some of them have collaboration skills that fall into the medium category but have low mathematical critical thinking skills, and there are also students who have collaboration skills that fall into the high category but have medium mathematical critical thinking skills. Low mathematical critical thinking skills make students unable to express reasons and justifications accurately. Although learners with intermediate critical thinking skills can provide reasonable justifications for such questions, the arguments they provide may not be entirely valid.

Mechanisms underlying superior memory of skilled climbers in indoor bouldering

ABSTRACT Introduction Bouldering is an Olympic climbing discipline that encompasses short climbing sequences, referred to as boulders, set up on low-height bouldering walls. Memory plays a critical role in bouldering, as it allows climbers to develop climbing strategies, to mentally rehearse climbing movements, and to recall climbing holds of boulders. This study extends previous research on memory in climbing and bouldering with the purpose to elucidate potential mechanisms underlying superior memory abilities of skilled climbers. Methods Sixty climbers with intermediate (n = 20), advanced (n = 20), or elite (n = 20) skill levels were tasked to memorise the climbing holds and movements of a boulder, set up on a spray wall and demonstrated by a bouldering expert. Results Findings revealed a positive relation between the participants’ bouldering skills and sport-specific movement knowledge and both, the number of climbing holds and movements they were able to memorise following a two-minute rehearsal period. Conclusion Consistent with previous research, bouldering expertise is positively associated with the ability to memorise domain-specific information. Superior memory abilities among skilled climbers appear to be associated with climbing-specific movement knowledge, coupled with better mental visualisation and increased attentional focus towards functional aspects of boulders.

1267 Application of the Low-Cost Laparoscopic Appendicectomy Simulation (LaApSi) Model for Laparoscopic Training in Low-Middle-Income-Countries (LMIC) and Its Comparison with the Laparoscopic Skills Session in the UK

Abstract Aim To assess the LaApSi Model’s effectiveness in the surgical simulation within and outside the UK. To assess the delegates' expectations while simulating Laparoscopic Appendicectomy (LA) using LaApSi Model. Method LaApSi models were developed using 3D printed mould &amp; Silicon with a production cost under £5 pp. Within 6 months of model development, the quantitative assessment of LaApSi model was done by 18 trainees from LMICs (RCSEd endorsed Laparoscopic Course) and 29 within the UK, 2 Laparoscopic courses (LC) and 1 Intermediate Surgical Skills Course (ISS) evidenced by formal feedback which has further led to the production of the modified version. Results For LMICs Lap-courses, 88.9%, n = 16 delegates agreed that the LaApSi model was able to meet their learning objectives whereas it was around 80% for UK courses. Similarly, 90%, n = 16 delegates agreed they were able to understand the General Steps Involved in LA, were more confident with LA and felt the course was relevant whereas it was around 15% less in these domains during UK Lap courses. 80.3% n = 5 delegates responded that the LaApSi model was equally effective in simulating Open Appendicectomy (OA) in a recent ISS course. Conclusions There is an unmet need for the development of a Low-Cost simulation model in LMICs and these cost-effective LaApSi models can provide a safe and standardized method for simulation training before operating on real patients. Although the model expectations were found relatively higher among UK delegates, feedback establishes a positive impact of the model among the course delegates.

Evaluation of Training in Identifying and Responding to Suicide Risk by Staff of a Behavioral Health Managed Care Organization.

Gatekeeper training for individuals who may be in contact with someone contemplating suicide is a recommended suicide prevention strategy. This study assessed organizational-level gatekeeper training. Gatekeeper training was conducted in a behavioral health managed care organization (BHMCO), which facilitates integrated behavioral and physical health services for 1.4 million Medicaid-enrolled Pennsylvanians. Gatekeeper training was offered to BHMCO staff via a new training policy. Gatekeeper trainers were qualified BHMCO staff. Approximately half (47%) of trained staff served as care managers. Pre- and posttraining surveys were administered to assess self-reported confidence in ability to identify and assist individuals at risk for suicide. Post-training, staff responded to a hypothetical vignette involving suicide risk, which was evaluated for skills by gatekeeper trainers. Eighty-two percent of staff completed training. Mean confidence scores improved significantly from pre- (η = 615) to posttraining (η = 556) (understanding = 3.41 vs. 4.11, respectively; knowledge = 3.47 vs. 4.04; identification = 3.30 vs. 3.94; respond = 3.30 vs. 4.04, p < .0001 for each). Intermediate and advanced skills to address suicide risk were demonstrated post-training in 68.6% and 17.2% of staff, respectively. More care managers versus other BHMCO staff demonstrated advanced skills (21.6% vs. 13.0%); however, both groups showed significant improvement pre- to post-training. Care managers benefit from suicide prevention training and are uniquely positioned to serve as organizational leaders to successful population health initiatives to decrease suicide through training and education.

The benefits of English-speaking group for speaking fluency: Acehnese EFL students� perceptions

As speaking is essential to be mastered, various strategies are applied, one of them is through English-speaking group. The objective of this study is to explore more about the students point of view regarding the beneficial impact of English-speaking group for speaking fluency. Interview was selected as the data collection procedure in this study, in which five female students from Intermediate Language Skill class were participated in this study as the respondents. They were the second semester students at English Language Education Department of Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh. The results of this study revealed that the participants showed positive responses toward forming English-speaking group as it gave great effects on their speaking fluency. They stated that this speaking group provided supportive environment for speaking activity, increased their confidence, improved self-evaluation, and strengthened the relationship among the members of the group.

Generation of the NeoThy mouse model for human immune system studies.

Humanized mouse models, created via transplantation of human hematopoietic tissues into immune-deficient mice, support a number of research applications, including transplantation immunology, virology and oncology studies. As an alternative to the bone marrow, liver, thymus humanized mouse, which uses fetal tissues for generating a chimeric human immune system, the NeoThy humanized mouse uses nonfetal tissue sources. Specifically, the NeoThy model incorporates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from umbilical cord blood (UCB) as well as thymus tissue that is typically discarded as medical waste during neonatal cardiac surgeries. Compared with fetal thymus tissue, the abundant quantity of neonatal thymus tissue offers the opportunity to prepare over 1,000 NeoThy mice from an individual thymus donor. Here we describe a protocol for processing of the neonatal tissues (thymus and UCB) and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell separation, human leukocyte antigen typing and matching of allogenic thymus and UCB tissues, creation of NeoThy mice, assessment of human immune cell reconstitution and all experimental steps from planning and design to data analysis. This entire protocol takes a total of ~19 h to complete, with steps broken up into multiple sessions of 4 h or less that can be paused and completed over multiple days. The protocol can be completed, after practice, by individuals with intermediate laboratory and animal handling skills, enabling researchers to make effective use of this promising in vivo model of human immune function.

Da’i Technology Literacy in Perspective of the Qur'an

The dai's technological literacy is the ability to use, understand, manage and assess an innovation that involves a scientific process to solve problems and know the dai's abilities related to literacy problems. This research aims to reveal the concept of dai's technological literacy in the view of the Koran and to find out the dai's technological literacy competence. The method used in this research is the descriptive analysis method, while the approach method used in this research is a qualitative approach through literature study. The results of this study indicate that the concept of information literacy in the Koran leads to the implementation of information retrieval. In contrast, the concept of communication literacy in the view of the Koran refers to morals and ethics in communication. In addition, technological literacy competencies include basic, primary, intermediate, advanced, technical, and literacy skills. This research implies that the preachers are expected to be able to upgrade themselves and have established literacy in the field of technology so that they can maintain their da'wah activities according to the times.

The Impact of Contemplative Teaching on Fostering Iraqi (High) School Students Willingness to Communicate (WTC) and Speaking Fluency

This study investigates how contemplative education and teaching backs up Iraqi EFL learners to become more willing to speak in class. After data analysis and interpretation of the performance of 72 young Iraqi students in two language schools in Iraq, the researchers found how recruited participants responded to contemplative teaching strategies in their speaking class and developed a higher willingness to interact with their teacher and their cohort Based on the results, those students who received instruction through contemplative teaching did better than students who received the traditional speech program. Moreover, those students who had more communication skills proved to be more fluent than those who had less. Based on the results and the discussion of pre-test and post-test results, the willingness of students to communicate in questionnaires, analysis of student behavior and the classroom behavior of teachers, the researchers concluded that the reflective teaching strategies and techniques used in this study have a positive impact on student&amp;rsquo;s desire to communicate and speak fluent intermediate level language skills.

Paternal mind-mindedness and children's academic achievement: Investigating developmental processes.

This study tested a 5-year sequential mediation model linking paternal mind-mindedness in toddlerhood to child early academic achievement through a developmental process unfolding in the preschool years. A sample of 128 mostly White middle-class families (68 girls) living in Montreal, Canada was assessed for paternal mind-mindedness when children were 18 months old, child language at age 2, theory of mind and effortful control at age 4, cognitive school readiness in kindergarten, and finally, achievement in math and reading in first grade. Controlling for maternal mind-mindedness assessed at age 12 months, the results showed prospective associations from paternal mind-mindedness to both math and reading achievement, mediated by theory of mind, effortful control, and school readiness in sequence. Results suggest that paternal mind-mindedness may support child academic outcomes by promoting the acquisition of intermediate skills during preschool years. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Intercultural sensitivity of expatriate human resource managers towards training practices in their host countries

ABSTRACT This article investigates the intercultural sensitivity of expatriate human resource (HR) managers, with a specific focus on training practices at an intermediate skill level. The pape, therefore, contributes to the literature on expatriates, with a specific emphasis on the particular relevance of intercultural sensitivity in training in multinational companies. Using a qualitative approach, including expert interviews with German expatriates in subsidiaries in India, China, and Mexico, combined with a deep analysis of the data, we were able to reveal the perceptions of expatriates. Our results show a mixed picture of intercultural sensitivity towards training culture in their host countries through three different types of expatriates’ perceptions. Hence, our results lead to the conclusion that multinational companies might focus on this aspect by putting more emphasis on intercultural sensitivity of their HR managers in foreign subsidiaries, to improve the performance of their subsidiaries long term.

Teachers’ Level of Training on ICT and the Implementation of ICT Curriculum in Some Public Primary Schools in Mezam Division, North West Region of Cameroon

Purpose: This paper buttress the importance of training teachers on use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as one of the major boosters the government could support implementation of ICT curriculum in Cameroon public primary schools. This study examined teachers’ level of training on ICT and implementation of ICT curriculum in some public primary schools in Mezam Division.&#x0D; Methodology: The study employed a mixed method research design consisting of a cross sectional survey and an interpretive phenomenology. The sample was made up of 375 teachers and 72 head teachers who were teaching in public primary schools in Mezam Division. Data was collected using questionnaires and interview guide. Data obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistical tools and thematic analysis approach.&#x0D; Findings: The study found that teachers’ level of training on ICT has a positive and significant influence on implementation of ICT curriculum. In order to become confident users in the classrooms, teachers require extensive, on-going exposure to ICTs to be able to develop their ICT competences, evlauate and select the most appropriate resources. Not only does training aid teachers in the development of ICT competence, it equally helps teachers to recognise ICT as an essential teaching and an enabler of other teaching and learning practices.&#x0D; Conclusion: This study conclude that teachers’ level of training influences the implementation of ICT curriculum.&#x0D; Recommendations: The study recommend that teacher training colleges should ensure that the period given for practical implementation of ICT curriculum is proportionate to the period spent in class to acquire theory on the implementation of ICT curriculum. The study also recommend Ministry of Education as well as the Regional Pedagogic Inspectors for ICT to organize regular and practical in-service training with demonstration lessons that help teachers develop basic, intermediate and advanced ICT skills.&#x0D;