Interleukin-2 Receptor Levels In Patients Research Articles

Elevated soluble interleukin-2 receptor and interleukin-2 receptor positive cells in carcinomatous pleural effusions

Soluble interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) level and IL-2R positive (IL-2R+) cells were studied in twenty patients with carcinomatous pleural effusions. The mean value of soluble IL-2R level in carcinomatous pleural effusions was 2930 +/- 1722 U/ml and that in sera was 965 +/- 610 U/ml. Soluble IL-2R level in carcinomatous pleural effusions was found to be significantly higher (p less than 0.001) than that in sera of patients with carcinomatous pleural effusions and that in transudates. Serum soluble IL-2R level in patients with carcinomatous pleural effusions was found, to be significantly higher (p less than 0.001) than that in normal controls (264 +/- 70 U/ml). We also studied IL-2R+ cells in pleural fluids and peripheral blood of patients with carcinomatous pleural effusions. The mean percentage of IL-2R+ cells in carcinomatous pleural fluid lymphocytes was 22.8 +/- 17.8%, as compared with 3.0 +/- 2.2% in peripheral blood lymphocytes of normal controls (p less than 0.001). No significant differences were observed among the cell types of lung cancer examined (adenocarcinoma, squamous, small cell and large cell carcinoma) and no correlation among levels of soluble IL-2R and IL-2R+ cell in either pleural fluid or blood. Our results suggest that in patients with carcinomatous pleural effusions, T cell-mediated active immune mechanisms (IL-2/IL-2R system) against cancer cells are more active in pleural fluid than in peripheral blood.

Serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels in patients with malignant lymphoma of bone

BackgroundThe reliability of selected serum markers and radiological features for distinguishing malignant lymphoma of the bone from other osteolytic bone lesions was examined in an effort to improve the differential diagnosis. MethodsA total of 23 patients with histologically verified malignant lymphoma of the bone, 57 patients with other osteolytic malignancies (35 males, 22 females; mean age 62.8 years, range 13-89 years), and 13 patients with benign bone lesions that resemble malignant tumor radiographically (6 men, 7 women; mean age 48.1 years, range 20-73 years) were retrospectively reviewed. We evaluated the serum levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), lactate dehydrogenase, and C-reactive protein in addition to radiographic examination and gallium-67 scanning. ResultsAlthough every clinical feature examined was found to show significant differences between lymphoma and the other two groups, the feature most highly suggestive of malignant lymphoma is a high serum sIL-2R level (sensitivity 0.95, specificity 0.70, accuracy 0.81). ConclusionsThe serum sIL-2R level can be a valuable marker for diagnosing malignant lymphoma of the bone.

Prognostic value of serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor level in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma, treated with CHOP- or RCHOP-based therapy

The emergence of rituximab has changed the clinical outcome of patients with B-cell lymphoma, which necessitates reassessment of previously determined prognostic factors. Thus, we evaluated the prognostic significance of serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL2R) levels in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), treated with CHOP (n = 108) or RCHOP (n = 94). Serum sIL2R level ranged from 316 to 23 800 U/mL (median 1064 U/mL) and levels were generally higher in higher IPI risk group. Multivariate analyses revealed that sIL2R ≥1000 U/mL was associated with shorter progression free survival [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.52, p = 0.011] and overall survival (HR = 2.34, p = 0.037) independent of IPI risk group or rituximab use. Further subgroup analyses revealed that the impact of sIL2R was most apparent in patients with IPI low risk, both in CHOP alone and RCHOP group. Our study confirmed the prognostic value of sIL2R in patients with DLBCL with low International Prognostic Index (IPI) risk, also in the era of rituximab.

Role of Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor Levels in Patients with Latent Tuberculosis

Serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) serves as a marker of disease activity in patients with tuberculosis (TB). However, little is known about its role in latent TB. The aim of this study was to assess the levels of sIL-2R in patients with latent TB and correlate them with the purified protein derivate (PPD) test results. Patients with a diagnosis of latent TB were divided into three subgroups by induration size: <10 mm, 10-20 mm, >20 mm. Blood was collected for sIL-2R assay. Findings were compared to a healthy control group. The study group consisted of 44 patients (68% male) of mean ( +/- SD) age 20 +/- 10 years, and the control group consisted of 41 subjects (42% male) aged 31 +/- 11 years. Comparison of the two groups yielded a significantly higher serum sIL-2R level in the patients (450 +/- 224 U/ml vs. 374 +/- 30 U/ml, p = 0.03). Mean sIL-2R levels were significantly correlated with the presence of latent TB (p = 0.03), and with purified protein derivative (PPD) subgroups: 387 +/- 177 U/ml for induration size <10 mm, NS; 450 +/- 238 U/ml for 10-20 mm, p = 0.04, and 605 +/- 235 U/ml for >20 mm, p < 0.0001. sIL-2R assay may serve as an additional tool to estimate the extent of the immune response in patients with latent TB.

Serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and its relation with anti-HBc

To investigate the relationship between serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) level and anti-HBc in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Sera from 100 patients with chronic HBV infection and 30 healthy controls were included in this study. The patients were divided into group A [HBsAg (+), HBeAg (+) and anti-HBc (+), n=50] and group B [HBsAg (+), HBeAg (+) and anti-HBc (-), n=50]. sIL-2R levels were determined using ELISA. HBV DNA and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were also detected. Serum sIL-2R levels were significantly higher in patients with chronic HBV infection than in healthy controls. Moreover, serum sIL-2R levels were significantly higher in patients with HBsAg (+), HBeAg (+) and anti-HBc (+) (976.56+/-213.51x10(3) U/L) than in patients with HBsAg (+), HBeAg (+) and anti-HBc (-) (393.41+/-189.54x10(3) U/L, P<0.01). A significant relationship was found between serum sIL-2R and ALT levels (P<0.01) in patients with chronic HBV infection, but there was no correlation between sIL-2R and HBV DNA levels. The anti-HBc status was significantly related to the age of patients (P<0.01). The high sIL-2R level is related to positive anti-HBc in chronic hepatitis B patients. Positive anti-HBc may be related to T-lymphocyte activation and negative anti-HBc may imply immune tolerance in these patients.

Serum Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor Levels in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B

目的 了解慢性乙型肝炎患者血清可溶性白介素-2受体(sIL-2R)水平的变化及其与肝炎活动的相关性.方法采用酶联免疫法测定40例慢性乙型肝炎患者血清sIL-2R水平.结果慢性乙型肝炎患者血清sIL-2R水平显著增高(P＜0.01),并与血清丙氨酸转氨酶水平呈正相关(r=0.38,P＜0.05).结论检测血清sIL-2R对了解免疫功能状态以及判断病情有一定价值。

Elevated serum-soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels in patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma

AbstractLevels of serum soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R) provide a reliable marker of disease activity in patients with hairy cell leukemia and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. The malignant cells in patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) express CD30 and are usually positive for expression of CD25. We measured serum sIL-2R and soluble CD30 (sCD30) levels in patients with ALCL treated with EPOCH (etoposide, prednisone, Oncovin, Cytoxan, hydroxydaunorubicin) infusional chemotherapy. Serum sCD30 levels were elevated and decreased in response to therapy as previously reported. Serum sIL-2R levels were elevated in 7 of 9 patients with ALCL and decreased in response to treatment. Baseline serum sIL-2R levels varied but correlated well with serum sCD30 levels (r = 0.97). Patients positive for the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene showed elevated sIL-2R levels, whereas those negative for ALK had normal serum sIL-2R levels and their tumors lacked CD25 expression. Serum sIL-2R levels were elevated in both patients with recurrent disease. (Blood. 2004;104:3355-3357)

Mechanism of increased serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism underlying the increase of serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) levels in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. In 13 dialysis patients and 17 healthy controls, serum soluble IL-2R levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and CD25-positive (cell surface IL-2R-positive) cells were detected by flow cytometry. Soluble IL-2R levels were also measured in the supernatant of cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The serum soluble IL-2R level was significantly higher in the patients than in the healthy controls (p < 0.0001). In contrast, both the percentage and the absolute count of CD25-positive cells showed no significant differences, and neither did the soluble IL-2R level in culture supernatant. Serum soluble IL-2R levels showed a positive correlation with the serum beta2-microglobulin level (p < 0.01), the age of the patients (p < 0.05), and duration of dialysis (p < 0.05), as well as a negative correlation with the urine volume (p < 0.05). The increase of serum soluble IL-2R in patients on peritoneal dialysis may be caused by accumulation due to its low transperitoneal clearance and low urinary excretion.

Clinical Significance of Serum Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor Level in Patients with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Clinical Significance of Serum Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor Level in Patients with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Plasma soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Soluble interleukin-2 receptor (slL-2R) was measured in the plasma of 31 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and 22 normal controls. When thrombocytopenia persisted longer than 6 months, the diagnosis of chronic ITP was made. Twenty patients had acute ITP, 11 patients had chronic ITP, and all patients received high-dose methylprednisolone (HDMP) (30 mg/kg/d for 3 days, 20 mg/kg/d for 4 days). The sIL-2R levels of the patients were determined before being giving HDMP and 14 days after the end of HDMP therapy. Platelet counts were determined before administration of HDMP, one day after the end of HDMP therapy, and once every 28 days for 7 months thereafter. There was not a significant difference between the mean pre-treatment plasma sIL-2R levels of both acute and chronic ITP groups (P > 0.05), and these were higher than that of the control group (P < 0.001). The mean post-treatment sIL-2R level of the chronic ITP group was significantly higher than those of both the control and post-treatment acute ITP groups (P < 0.001). There were negative correlations between the plasma sIL-2R levels and platelet counts of both group patients in the pre-treatment period and between post-treatment sIL-2R levels and platelet counts in chronic ITP group (P < 0.05). We think that there was a good correlation between prognosis of ITP and sIL-2R levels after HDMP therapy, and platelet counts in patients with ITP are linked to sIL-2R levels.

Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor Levels in Patients With Dilated Cardiomyopathy

There is evidence that autoimmunity plays an important role in the initiation and progression of myocardial injury in dilated cardiomyopathy. Abnormalities of both cellular and humoral immunity have been described in this disease. Soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels in the serum reflect activation of T lymphocytes in the periphery or in tissues. The present study explored the possibility that activation of cellular immunity is frequent in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and may have functional consequences. Serum sIL-2R levels were determined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 50 dilated cardiomyopathy patients, 30 patients with ischemic heart disease, and 22 normal control subjects. In addition, the presence of anti-beta-receptor and antimyosin antibodies was sought in the serum of cardiomyopathy patients. High sIL-2R levels (> 1400 pg/mL) were found in 38% of the dilated cardiomyopathy patients but only 6% of the ischemic heart disease patients. The group of sIL-2R-positive patients was characterized by higher average age, a higher percentage of women, and more severe disease (lower ejection fraction, higher left ventricular filling pressures, and lower cardiac output). Although the prevalence of cardiac autoantibodies did not correlate with the presence of high sIL-2R levels, higher titers of autoantibodies were found predominantly in the sIL-2R-positive group. T-lymphocyte activation, as reflected in elevated sIL-2R levels, is frequent in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and is associated with more severe disease. Cellular and humoral immune activation may correlate with progression of the disease process.

Elevated interleukin-2 receptor level in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and the changes following anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy.

Soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) is a marker of T-lymphocyte activation. We have undertaken a study to examine the serum sIL-2R levels in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and the changes following anti-TB chemotherapy. Forty four patients with pulmonary TB or tuberculous pleural effusion were recruited. Serum was collected from the patients before and at 1, 2, 4 and 6 months after initiation of anti-TB chemotherapy. Serum sIL-2R level was measured by an enzyme immunoassay. The mean sIL-2R level before treatment was 1,452 +/- 103 (SEM) U.ml-1, which was significantly higher than that of healthy control subjects (374 +/- 30 U.ml-1). There was no significant change in the sIL-2R level at 1 month, but there was a gradual reduction from the second month onwards. At the sixth month the mean sIL-2R level was 1080 +/- 81 U.ml-1, which was significantly lower than that before treatment. However, despite clinical improvement, the sIL-2R levels at the sixth month were still significantly higher than those of control subjects. We conclude that sIL-2R levels were elevated in patients with pulmonary TB and there was a gradual reduction following anti-TB chemotherapy. However, the sIL-2R levels were still higher than control subjects at completion of treatment, suggesting a delayed resolution of the inflammation in patients with pulmonary TB.

Serial Measurement of Serum Interleukin-2 Receptor Levels in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Limited Evidence for a Role of T Cell Activation in Clinical Exacerbations

To investigate the association of T cell activation with clinical exacerbations of RA, we measured serum levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptors (sIL2R), a marker of T cell activation, in serial samples obtained from 23 patients with RA. sIL2R measurements were performed on sera obtained from each patient every 2 weeks for up to 60 weeks, and levels were correlated with swollen joint counts, tender joint counts, physician global assessments, patient global assessments, pain scores, Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index scores, and Westergren erythrocyte sedimentation rates measured simultaneously. There were no significant correlations between changes in sIL2R levels and changes in any of the other measures, nor were lead-lag relationships detected, for the group as a whole. Examination of the time courses of individual patients revealed significant positive correlations between changes in sIL2R levels and changes in swollen joint counts in five patients; significant correlations with other measures were present in three or fewer patients. sIL2R levels also varied little over the 2-week time interval of greatest clinical change in each patient. These results suggest either that clinical exacerbations of RA are not associated with changes in T cell activation or that sIL2R levels do not accurately reflect such changes.

Serum interleukin-2 and soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels in patients with chronic headache

Serum interleukin-2 and soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels in patients with chronic headache

Soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels in patients with malignant melanoma and renal cell cancer.

Soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels were measured in sera from 33 patients with metastatic malignant melanoma and 14 patients with metastatic or advanced renal cell cancer. Significantly elevated levels were found in both groups compared to 30 healthy controls. No correlation was found between the levels of sIL-2R and clinical parameters such as disease-free interval and tumour burden. Neither was there any correlation between receptor-levels and survival. This contrasts with the observations in lymphoma patients, but is in accordance with findings in other solid tumours. sIL-2R is possibly a marker of the host immune response to the tumour, but further investigations are needed to see if it has any predictive value concerning prognosis or response to immune therapy.

Serum Interleukin-2 and Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor Levels in Patients with Chronic Headache

Serum Interleukin-2 and Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor Levels in Patients with Chronic Headache