Interest In Social Development Research Articles

Влияние «ядра» доходов региональных бюджетов на стрессоустойчивость социально-экономических подсистем

Objective: estimation of the risks of forming the budget incomes of the Russian subjects as a tool for determining the resilience of the regional subsystem.Methods: abstract-logical method, economic-mathematical analysis, coefficient analysis. Results: it was found that for less economically developed regions, the most stable income is gratuitous revenues. It is proved that in accordance with theoretical concepts, risks are determined by the income stability, while in fact, for regions with low and intermediate levels of economic development, the priority role is played by the possibilities of mobilization, which are most obvious for gratuitous revenues. Based on the calculation and evaluation of the income structure indicators, variations of budgets by income and growth rates of the key types of budget income, and using the Federal Treasury data on execution of budgets of the Volga Federal district subjects, it was found that the lowest level of variation is shown by the tax on physical persons incomes; to a lesser extent - the tax levied within the simplified system of taxation, and the tax on property of organizations.Scientific novelty: the authors formulated a hypothesis of a “core” of the subject’s budget revenues, formed with the revenues with a low probability of deviations and high stability, reflected in a single and consistent information base and reflecting the resilience of the region’s economy. It is found that the composition of the “core” income of such regions does not meet the criteria of economic feasibility in the interests of social development and should be altered.Practical significance: the study results can be used in the development of budget and tax policy areas that provide for the decentralization of budget system revenues and the introduction of risk management in the public administration sector.

Social Competencies for Pre-professional Socialization of the Student’s Personality in the Context of Sustainable Development

Modern schools continue to emphasize the nurturing of a socially oriented student, which should contribute to social maturity. As a consequence, there is a need to focus education on the development of a specific personality of the student, coordinated with the needs of society, the environment. The aim of the article is to develop and substantiate social competencies in education, which are a prerequisite for the successful socialization of students. The description of social competencies of a student’s personality is based on the analysis, systematization, and generalization of scientific experience on the research problem. The article introduces the concept of socialization, presents social competencies, characterizes them, and shows specificity and behavioral indicators of social competencies. The author substantiates the relevance of using new social competencies, shows their features, which are formed not only in the interests of the student, his personal meanings but also in the interests of social development, which results in self-development, personal fulfillment in life, taking into account the features of society functioning at a certain period of its development. The educational environment provides motivation for learning and working activities, the ability to adapt to new socio-economic conditions. The author identifies social competencies that contribute to the successful socialization of students in the learning process, which can be used in the practical activities of educational institutions under the conditions of educational transformation.

Social consequences of economic globalization: experience of developed and developing countries and perspectives of optimization

PurposeThe purpose of the research is to determine the social consequences of economic globalization based on experience of developed and developing countries and to determine the perspectives of optimization of this process through regulation.Design/methodology/approachThe research method is correlation analysis, for it allows determining dependencies between the indicators without requirements to their close mutual dependence. The research objects are top ten developed and top ten developing countries as to the KOF globalization index in 2019.FindingsIt is determined that, contrary to high economic risks, social risks of globalization are very low. Instead of this, in the course of globalization the social advantages increase – they are expressed in the form of harmonization of the labor market, development of digital society and increase of population's quality of life – in particular, provision of balance of the global society by leveling the social disproportions between developed and developing countries. It is substantiated that consequences that stimulate the increase of population's quality of life in developing countries are more expressed than in developed countries. This means that developing countries, which are traditionally more inclined to limiting the influence of globalization on them due to economic reasons, have to reconsider their foreign economic policy and include the measures on stimulation of globalization in the interests of social development. Other than that, the differences in consequences for developed and developing countries are minimal. There is no imbalance of consequences that is peculiar for the economic sphere, in which the main advantages are obtained by developed countries, and developing countries bear most of the costs. From the social point of view, globalization could be characterized as a positive phenomenon of modern times.Originality/valueThe offered authors' recommendations will allow optimizing the influence of globalization on the social environment in developed and developing countries and ensuring usage of economic globalization as a mechanism of implementation of the global goals in the sphere of sustainable development.

Institutionalizing social analysis at the world bank

This paper considers the ways in which social analysis has developed and been institutionalized in the World Bank. It briefly sketches a history of the ways in which social factors have been taken into account in Bank operations and assesses the extent to which conditions have been met for successfully integrating a social perspective within this particular institutional context and culture. The paper concludes that considerable progress has been made in increasing awareness of social issues, introducing policies in certain key areas, operationalizing social assessment procedures, and increasing social science staffing. Current management interest in social development presents a strategic opportunity to consolidate the gains already achieved. However, substantial challenges remain. Most importantly, a clearly articulated and integrated social policy is lacking, and the circumstances in which social analysis should be required have yet to be codified.

Personality and Social Development

Since this is the first chapter in the Annual Review 0/ Psychology to be devoted exclusively to personality and social development, a brief historical note seems appropriate. The general topic has long interested psychologists, although little progress was made in the early years due to its being dominated by grand theorists such as Freud, and the early social interactionists like Cooley and Mead, whose views had appeal because they encompassed so much but which did not lend themselves very well to research. By the early 1950s the need for testable hypotheses of modest scope was recognized, and the stage appeared set for new advances to be made. However, owing perhaps to the national concern about the need for scientific talent which was heightened by Sputnik, the attention to developmental psychology was preempted by the cognitive domain. The interest in cognitive development was additionally reinforced by the War on Poverty and the inauguration of Head Start, and cognitive development continues to be a major focus of research effort. The past few years, however, have seen a rebirth of interest in social development, and here, too, societal rather than purely scientific concerns seem to have provided the major impetus. It is probably more than coincidence that the student activism of the 1960s, the rising crime rate, and such heavily publicized events as Watergate and ·the street murder of Kitty Genovese have their parallels in the intensification of research on internalization of moral norms, a topic of long-standing interest, and in the emergence of new areas of study such as empathy , role-taking, altruism, and the impact of television violence on children. The women's movement has, no doubt, contributed to the renewal of interest in sex role development. And the very recent research on equity and other forms of distributional justice may in part reflect a sensitivity to the rising demands of poor people and poor nations for a greater share of the earth's resources. Each of the above topics is now the object of intensive research that is more or less interrelated and cumulative and guided by theoretical models that are con­ stantly being revised on the basis of the findings. Consequently there is reason to

National Efforts in the Field of Social Development

First, a working definition, or description, of social development is attempted in order to distinguish it from economic or community development. Next, reference is made to factors which have created the tremendous postwar upsurge of interest in social development, particularly in the United Nations and its related agencies. This leads to consideration of problems faced by national governments, particularly in newly independent, underdeveloped countries, as they attempt to meet their responsibilities—often written into their consti tutions—in the field of social development. Each country faces the difficult problem of priorities. Some, like India, frankly recognize the necessity of giving priority to economic and industrial development. Others, like Pakistan and the Philippines, attempt, not always successfully, to strike a bal ance between economic and social development. In still others, certain kinds of social development programs—for example, in health or education—may actually be a precondition of suc cessful economic development. Seldom can less-developed countries give high priority in their social development plans to social security or insurance programs. The article concludes that each nation must resolve the problem of priorities for itself: international or bilateral advice, technical assistance or even financial aid cannot substitute for national effort in the field of social development.