Collaborative Interaction Research Articles

HISTORICAL OVERVIEW ON FLT METHODOLOGY

Rapid changes in various spheres of the world and in the field of education in particular make the role of foreign language teaching and learning of paramount significance. In this regard, the study of the recent developments in the methods of foreign language teaching is not only crucial but also necessary, as sharing information is commonly implemented through language. The present research is meant to provide a comprehensive overview of the historical developments and an in-depth view of the latest advancements in foreign language teaching from both theoretical and practical perspectives with a focus on the use of innovative teaching strategies, approaches, styles and technology integration to enhance foreign language learning and teaching. This article is also aimed at shedding light on the importance of considering the requirements and needs of today’s learners when choosing the appropriate methods of teaching by teachers. Herein it is of primary concern to take into account the fact that due to manifold developments in different fields of human activity, language teaching undergoes different changes and requires new methods and approaches. In addition to all these factors, FL teaching and learning should be directed to the enhancement of intercultural competence, as it can help learners develop a more open-minded attitude towards different cultures. This work particularly highlights the necessity of changing the roles of FL teachers that reflect a shift towards a more learner-centered and technology-enhanced approach to language teaching and learning. These new roles are aimed to foster learner autonomy and critical thinking skills, to engage learners in active learning, and to create a positive learning environment. They also promote collaborative interactions among learners, recognizing and addressing their needs by providing learners with constructive feedback, authentic and varied language input.

Tooth Root Development and Homeostasis during Eruptive and Post-eruptive Movement.

Tooth eruption is the process whereby the developing tooth moves to its functional position in the occlusal plane and it occurs concomitantly with formation of the tooth root, which is a critical component of the tooth anchored to surrounding alveolar bone through the periodontal ligament. Post-eruptive tooth movement ensues that once occlusion is achieved, the teeth maintain their alignment within the alveolar bone to facilitate proper bite function through periodontium remodelling. Tooth overeruption presents a clinically significant issue, yet the precise mechanisms by which alterations in occlusal forces are translated into periodontal remodelling remain largely unexplored. In this review, the present authors aim to outline the latest progress on the potential mechanisms governing tooth root formation and homeostasis during tooth eruptive and post-eruptive movement. Based on recent findings using various mouse models, we provide an overview of the collaborative intercellular interaction during root formation, including Hertwig's epithelial root sheath, dental papilla and dental follicle. Moreover, we summarise the potential mechanism underlying post-eruptive movement mainly in view of the responses of periodontal tissues to vertical mechanical stimuli. In sum, the precise regulatory mechanisms during tooth eruption throughout life will shed light on disease treatment of tooth eruption defects and overeruption.

Efficient electricity generation and wastewater degradation simultaneously in microbial fuel cell: Synergistic effect of amplifying localized charge density of carbon shell and confinement of hollow structures for oxygen reduction reaction

The sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in neutral microbial fuel cell (MFC) significantly limits the electricity generation and degradation of wastewater. Confinement effects of carbon-encapsulated alloy and hollow structure facilitate electrons transfer and O2 transport in ORR, but unrevealing their collaborative interaction and the mechanism of alloy cores on the superficial N-doped carbon sites remains a great challenge. Here, a ligand exchange-induced dual metal–organic-frameworks (MOFs, ZIF-8@CoFe PBA) precursor is proposed to synthesize a rambutan-like electrocatalyst (CoFe@NC-HCS) of N-doped carbon nanotubes (CNT)-encapsulated CoFe particles rooting on hollow nanocages. The abundant micro/mesopores contribute to electrolyte penetration and mass transfer, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that CoFe improves the localized charge density of N-doped carbon shell for O-intermediates. Consequently, CoFe@NC-HCS exhibits a higher half-wave potential of 0.128 V than that of Pt/C in PBS solution. The maximum power density of MFC with CoFe@NC-HCS cathode reaches up to 2627 ± 53 mW·m−2 and COD removal efficiency is 91.54 %. MFCs can drive a digital watch successfully and also power electroadsoption of phenol with a removal ratio of 92.3 %. Our study offers a new insight into engineering coupled confinement structures and the effect of encapsulated metal on carbon shell for ORR catalysis.

학습경험으로서 개념학습의 의미 고찰

The 2015 and 2022 revised curriculum, which aims to develop learners’ competencies, promotes deep understanding through ‘Core concepts’, ‘Generalized knowledge’, and ‘Key ideas’. However, there is a gap between research and practice in the field of education. In this study, we examined the characteristics of concepts, what it means to understand concepts, and what it means to use concepts and practical understanding of concepts in the learning process from the perspective of embodied cognition, focusing on learning experience and interactions. The followings are the findings of the study. Firstly, understanding a concept is a process in which learners go beyond memorizing or acquiring the meaning of a concept to contextualize and reconstruct it by integrating it into their lives and experiences. Secondly, conceptual understanding in the learning process is a process of continuous adjustment to flexibly adapt to different situations. This exploration and adjustment based on learning experience is facilitated by active, engaged, and collaborative interactions within the learning environment. Finally, utilizing concepts refers to the process of learning transfer, where learners adapt and respond to the world in appropriate ways, adapting their understanding of concepts to fit the situation. In this way, learners are able to experience complex phenomena and the world in a more integrated and concrete way.

Transforming inter-organisational collaboration dynamics in regional networks through digitalisation

ABSTRACT Digitalisation in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly transformed inter-organisational collaboration in regional networks. By analysing a regional network in Finland, this study unveils how the dynamics of inter-organisational collaboration have evolved over time. Based on longitudinal process research conducted during the period 2019–21, we find four major patterns of inter-organisational collaboration dynamics occurring in regional networks, thereby suggesting changes in scale, space and scope of collaborative interactions. Our research highlights how an imbalance between these patterns may culminate in a new collaboration divide alongside pre-existing digital and innovation divides. From this we propose conditions within those patterns that support innovation and regional resilience in times of a crisis and develop suggestions for regional policymakers and practitioners on how to bridge burgeoning divides within regional networks.

Mechanisms driving epigenetic and transcriptional responses of microglia in a neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder model.

Lysosomal dysfunction is causally linked to neurodegeneration in many lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) and is associated with various age-related neurodegenerative diseases 1,2 , but there is limited understanding of the mechanisms by which altered lysosomal function leads to changes in gene expression that drive pathogenic cellular phenotypes. To investigate this question, we performed systematic imaging, transcriptomic, and epigenetic studies of major brain cell types in Sgsh null (KO) mice, a preclinical mouse model for Sanfilippo syndrome (Mucopolysaccharidosis Type IIIA, MPS-IIIA) 3,4 . MPS-IIIA is a neurodegenerative LSD caused by homozygous loss-of-function (LoF) mutations in SGSH which results in severe early-onset developmental, behavioral, and neurocognitive impairment 5-15 . Electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis revealed microglia as the cell type exhibiting the most dramatic phenotypic alterations in Sgsh KO mice. Further temporal analysis of microglia gene expression showed dysregulation of genes associated with lysosomal function and immune signaling pathways beginning early in the course of the disease. Sgsh deficiency similarly resulted in increases in open chromatin and histone acetylation at thousands of putative microglia-specific enhancers associated with upregulated genes but had much less impact on the epigenetic landscapes of neurons or oligodendrocytes. We provide evidence for dominant and context-dependent roles of members of the MITF/TFE family as major drivers of microglia-specific epigenetic and transcriptional changes resulting from lysosomal stress that are dependent on collaborative interactions with PU.1/ETS and C/EBP transcription factors. Lastly, we show that features of the transcriptomic and epigenetic alterations observed in murine Sgsh deficiency are also observed in microglia derived from mouse models of age-related neurodegeneration and in human Alzheimer's disease patients, revealing common and disease-specific transcriptional mechanisms associated with disease-associated microglia phenotypes.

Navigating the virtual landscape: A systematic review of approaches to cultivating a sense of community among distance learners in health and allied health disciplines

Recent years have seen an increase of distance learning in higher education, particularly accelerated due the COVID-19 pandemic with necessary social distancing measures. The present study concerns a systematic review focused on how educators foster and maintain a sense of community among distance learners in health and allied health disciplines. It uses a theoretical framework of communities of practice, groups united by shared interests, learning, and pursuit enhancement. Allied health students need a supportive environment that fosters resilience and camaraderie, preparing them for the collaborative nature of their profession. For the analysis, thematic content analysis was used on the content of nine relevant studies. This stepwise procedure of content analysis revealed three interconnected themes: instructor presence, collaborative interactions, and the learning environment's impact on students' sense of community. The results highlight the need for community-building in distance learning education and emphasize the importance of collaborative learning in virtual learning platforms to foster allied health student engagement and persistence. This research provides valuable insights for allied health educators seeking to enhance distance learning practices and create a more connected and inclusive learning environment for their students.

Aligning the new work environment with OECD Goal 8: a design case of a global automobile brand from Turkey

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the economic sustainability of new work environments by exploring how interior design strategies can contribute to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)’s Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8, which focuses on decent work and economic growth. SDG 8 aims to foster sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic development, as well as full and productive employment. Design/methodology/approach The pilot study was conducted at a global automobile brand’s largest facility in Kocaeli/Turkey, where 102 employees participated in stakeholder meetings divided into 18 groups. Additionally, 46 employees were interviewed through focus groups and one-on-one sessions across nine encounters. The collected data were analyzed using deductive thematic analysis, interpreting codes and themes related to spatial politics, timing politics and hybrid working culture in the new work environment. Findings Identified themes include individually focused tasks, virtual collaboration, agile working, socialization and urban interaction. These themes are then traced through the conceptual design proposal developed by the interior design team and discussed in relation to their alignment with SDG 8.2 (diversify, innovate and upgrade for economic productivity), SDG 8.4 (improve resource efficiency in consumption and production) and SDG 8.8 (protect labor rights and promote safe and secure working environments for all workers). Research limitations/implications These three targets (for inclusivity and innovation, for environmentally sustainable and for employee well-being) were selected for their relevance in shaping the physical work environment. Originality/value The key finding of this paper is the need for a deeper understanding of economic sustainability in interior design and the contribution of SDG 8 targets on the spatial, temporal and cultural dimensions of new work environments. Brands committed to sustainability must adopt new work models and reimagine their work environments to enhance employee satisfaction and performance, through comprehensive user research and design solutions aligned with SDG 8.

Optimizing Communication for a Humanoid Subs-Talker Robot Using RSSI Analysis on ROS System

This study aims to optimize communication for the humanoid "Subs-Talker" robot using Receive Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) analysis within the Robot Operating System (ROS). The background of this research highlights the importance of stable and strong inter-robot communication in the Indonesian Humanoid Robot Soccer Contest (KRSBI-H), where robots need to function in synergy. The method involves measuring signal strength at specific distances, both with and without the use of an extender device, utilizing the InSSIDer application for RSSI data recording and analysis. The results show that using an extender improves communication stability, especially at longer distances (7.2 and 9.0 meters), although the impact is minimal at closer distances. The discussion suggests that an extender can be an effective solution for enhancing inter-robot communication quality in competitions. In conclusion, the extender significantly improves the communication range and signal quality among robots, supporting optimal performance in collaborative robot interactions within the competition arena.

Prenatal And Postpartum Care Experiences Among Black Birthing People In The United States: An Integrative Review.

Among Black birthing people, high-quality, respectful care throughout pregnancy and postpartum is hindered by distrust, racial discrimination, and unsatisfactory care. The purpose of this integrative review was to examine prenatal and postpartum care experiences among Black birthing people in the United States. A literature search, spanning from inception through October 6, 2022, across 4 research databases, used a combination of keywords to capture reports on care experiences among Black birthing people. We included quantitative and qualitative studies in the United States with people who self-identified as Black or African American and reported prenatal or postpartum health care experiences. Intrapartum experiences were excluded. All studies were evaluated with the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool, National Institutes of Health Study Quality Assessment tool, or Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist. Data were analyzed and synthesized using the Joanna Briggs Institute convergent integrated approach to incorporate quantitative and qualitative research. A total of 16 studies published over 27 years met the inclusion criteria. All studies examined the health care experiences of Black birthing people during prenatal or postpartum care. None of the studies focused solely on postpartum care experiences. The 2 most prominent themes were models of care and patient-provider interactions, encompassing both positive and negative experiences. Positive care experiences included collaborative patient-provider interactions, continuity of care, and culturally centered care. Adverse experiences were more frequently noted and involved discriminatory treatment during patient-provider interactions, fragmented care models, and a lack of cultural awareness. Black birthing people in the United States report some positive but more negative health care experiences during pregnancy and postpartum care, which may play an important role in health inequities. Promoting prenatal and postpartum care models that provide continuity and are high-quality, collaborative, and culturally centered were identified as high-priority targets to foster patient safety and improve clinical outcomes.

Effectiveness of Student Teams: The Role of Team Personality Diversity

In current educational landscapes, group work has emerged as a cornerstone of pedagogical strategies, offering students opportunities to cultivate essential skills for future professional endeavors. Central to the success of collaborative efforts lies the intricate interplay of team dynamics, with team personality diversity emerging as a significant factor influencing team effectiveness. Building upon existing research highlighting the critical role of team personality in driving team effectiveness (Kozlowski and Bell, 2003), this study delves into the nuanced relationship between team personality diversity, team processes and emergent states, and collaborative outcomes within student teams. Acknowledging the multifaceted nature of team dynamics, this research adopts a comprehensive approach, drawing upon established theoretical frameworks, such as the input-process-output model (Hackman, 1987; Ilgen et al, 2005), to elucidate the mechanisms through which team personality diversity influences team effectiveness. Through a thoroughly designed two-wave methodology and a group-level analytical approach, data were collected from 57 student teams enrolled in undergraduate and graduate courses across diverse academic disciplines during semester 2 of 2022/2023. Our findings reveal that emotional stability diversity within teams exerts a significant yet indirect influence on team satisfaction through its impact on communication openness. Specifically, greater emotional stability diversity leads to diminished communication openness, subsequently leading to reduced levels of team satisfaction. This intricate chain of effects underscores the importance of managing team personality diversity to foster open communication and ultimately enhance satisfaction among team members. While our results align with established theoretical underpinnings, they also prompt critical reflections on team interdependence and the duration of collaborative engagements within academic settings. Consequently, we advocate for further exploration into the potential of team personality diversity within student teams, with an emphasis on longitudinal studies to capture the temporal dynamics of collaborative interactions. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on team dynamics in educational settings, offering valuable insights for educators and practitioners seeking to optimize student experiences, enhance group learning outcomes, and prepare students for their future careers.

Collaborative Intelligence for Safety-Critical Industries: A Literature Review

While AI-driven automation can increase the performance and safety of systems, humans should not be replaced in safety-critical systems but should be integrated to collaborate and mitigate each other’s limitations. The current trend in Industry 5.0 is towards human-centric collaborative paradigms, with an emphasis on collaborative intelligence (CI) or Hybrid Intelligent Systems. In this survey, we search and review recent work that employs AI methods for collaborative intelligence applications, specifically those that focus on safety and safety-critical industries. We aim to contribute to the research landscape and industry by compiling and analyzing a range of scenarios where AI can be used to achieve more efficient human–machine interactions, improved collaboration, coordination, and safety. We define a domain-focused taxonomy to categorize the diverse CI solutions, based on the type of collaborative interaction between intelligent systems and humans, the AI paradigm used and the domain of the AI problem, while highlighting safety issues. We investigate 91 articles on CI research published between 2014 and 2023, providing insights into the trends, gaps, and techniques used, to guide recommendations for future research opportunities in the fast developing collaborative intelligence field.

Online transcranial magnetic stimulation reveals dynamic interactions between language control and processing in bilingual language production.

Language production in bilinguals relies on the collaborative interaction between two neural systems: the language control system (e.g. the right inferior frontal gyrus) and the language processing system (e.g. the left superior temporal gyrus). However, the causal mapping between these brain systems and their cognitive functions, as well as the temporal dynamics between these two systems during bilingual language production, remain unclear. To investigate this, our study applied online transcranial magnetic stimulation to the right inferior frontal gyrus and left superior temporal gyrus in Chinese-English bilinguals performing a language-switching task. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was administered within seven 100 ms time windows (TW1 to TW7) following the picture onset. We observed time window-specific enhancements of language control, as shown by a significant reduction in switching costs upon the stimulations on both sites relative to the sham stimulation: specifically, the right inferior frontal gyrus at TW1, TW2, TW4, and TW5 and the left superior temporal gyrus at TW2 and TW5. These findings indicate a double-strike top-down control mechanism underpinned by the pathway from the right inferior frontal gyrus to the right inferior frontal gyrus, potentially during both stages during production: the language task schema and the lemma selection. Our study provides the first evidence of the dynamic interactions between language control and processing systems causally underpinning bilingual language production.

Paragogy as an alternative solution to make students artists for their own learning: A systematic literature review

The cognitive capacity of humans typically reaches psychosocial maturity around the age of 18, providing students with a robust foundation to design their own lives. However, in higher education, many lecturers and students continue to rely on traditional lecture-based teaching as the predominant educational approach. This systematic literature review examines the application of paragogy in learning practices. Data for the review were collected from the Scopus, ERIC, and ScienceDirect databases, with article selection guided by the PRISMA method. The findings indicate that the implementation of paragogy is motivated by diminishing effectiveness in both reflective and collaborative interactions among peers, among other factors. The content and goals of paragogy implementation vary, with a primary focus on higher education students. These students, along with their peers, play a significant role in shaping their learning experiences. Key challenges include students' difficulties in grasping topics when unprepared, complications arising from managing large numbers of students and limited time in practical sessions, and other constraints encountered.

Fostering Critical Digital Literacy Through Podcasting, Collaborative Work, and Oral Interaction

Introduction: Mastering a second or foreign language, especially oral communication, is complex and challenging, influenced by external pressures as seen in Colombia's education and language policy reforms, which compel teachers and institutions to address how to develop language skills with students. Objective: This study aimed to explore how collaborative podcast development, as a critical digital literacy practice, can enhance 11th graders' oral and critical interaction in English. Methodology: Conducted in a public school, the research employs a qualitative approach within a case study methodology. Although quantitative techniques like checklists and questionnaires were used for data collection, the study maintains a qualitative design. Through semi-structured interviews with a subgroup of five students, participants reflect on their experiences of collaborative learning and interaction in English while constructing a podcast. Data was analyzed using a triangulation method. Findings: Thematic analysis revealed that collaborative podcast development promoted English oral interaction among participants, fostering collaboration, exchange of thoughts and feelings, and increased language confidence. Discussion and Conclusions: The study advocates for a reexamination of digital practices in the classroom to promote English oral interaction from a critical perspective. It recommends collaborative podcast development as a digital practice to enhance oral interaction, empowering students to use English in social and academic contexts.

Applicability of ChatGPT in Online Collaborative Learning: Evidence Based on Learning Outcomes

The study delves into the impact of ChatGPT, a generative AI technology, on online collaborative learning (OCL) outcomes in educational settings. With a focus on knowledge activation and critical thinking, this research involved thirty university students from various disciplines, divided into experimental (ChatGPT) and control (traditional online search) groups. The research process involved controlled experiment and semi-structured interviews. Results revealed a significant disparity in knowledge activation levels between the experimental and control groups, showcasing the efficacy of ChatGPT in enhancing students' engagement with challenging concepts. Furthermore, the study underscored ChatGPT's role in fostering critical thinking skills, thereby enriching the learning experience and promoting deeper understanding among participants. The findings shed light on the potential of AI technologies, like ChatGPT, to serve as virtual tutors, guiding learners through problem-solving tasks and facilitating metacognitive skills development. By facilitating collaborative interactions and peer-to-peer learning, ChatGPT emerged as a valuable mediator in online discussions and group activities, encouraging active participation and knowledge sharing within learning communities. The research contributes to the evolving landscape of education technology, emphasizing the significance of AI-driven tools in augmenting educational practices and enhancing student learning outcomes. This study paves the way for further exploration of AI integration in educational contexts, offering insights into the transformative potential of generative AI technologies like ChatGPT.

Artificial Intelligences in Industrial Robots: A Framework Based on Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences

Industrial robots, both in manufacturing and non-manufacturing sectors, are evolving rapidly, driven by advancements in artificial intelligence (AI). This paper presents a comprehensive survey of industrial robots, framed through the lens of Howard Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences. By categorising various AI capabilities in industrial robots—such as visual recognition, decision-making, and collaborative interaction—based on Gardner’s intelligence framework, we provide a novel taxonomy that bridges human cognitive abilities and artificial systems. The survey explores the historical development of industrial robots, the current state of AI implementation, and future trends in robotics. Additionally, we discuss the implications of these advancements for industries and their workforce, as well as the ethical considerations surrounding the growing autonomy of AI systems. This paper aims to serve as a reference point for researchers and professionals seeking to understand the intersection of cognitive science and industrial AI, highlighting the potential and challenges of integrating AI into robotic systems.

Monitoring Metacognitive Strategies Use During Interaction Collaborative Groups

This study of the use of metacognitive strategies during learning interaction in collaborative groups is considered referential for understanding the development of such strategies. The use of metacognitive strategies is related to better learning outcomes. We monitored the interaction in five collaborative groups at three points in time (initial, intermediate and final). These groups consisted of undergraduate health science (n = 9) and biomedical engineering students (n = 10). The aims were the following: (1) To check whether there were significant differences in the use of metacognitive strategies between the groups of students monitored depending on the type of degree or the point in time measurement. (2) To test whether there were significant differences in students’ learning outcomes depending on whether or not they had participated in the interaction monitoring during collaborative interaction. (3) To test clustering without a pre-assignment variable against learning outcomes in collaborative groups. Significant differences were detected in the use of some of the metacognitive strategies of orientation, planning and elaboration in favor of the collaborative groups of the biomedical engineering students. Also, students who participated in monitoring collaborative groups in both clusters obtained better learning outcomes. Lastly, the assignment groups were exactly related to the collaboration groups with respect to the use of metacognitive strategies in the final measurement.

Textile Fabric Defect Detection Using Enhanced Deep Convolutional Neural Network with Safe Human–Robot Collaborative Interaction

The emergence of modern robotic technology and artificial intelligence (AI) enables a transformation in the textile sector. Manual fabric defect inspection is time-consuming, error-prone, and labor-intensive. This offers a great possibility for applying more AI-trained automated processes with safe human–robot interaction (HRI) to reduce risks of work accidents and occupational illnesses and enhance the environmental sustainability of the processes. In this experimental study, we developed, implemented, and tested a novel algorithm that detects fabric defects by utilizing enhanced deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs). The proposed method integrates advanced DCNN architectures to automatically classify and detect 13 different types of fabric defects, such as double-ends, holes, broken ends, etc., ensuring high accuracy and efficiency in the inspection process. The dataset is created through augmentation techniques and a model is fine-tuned on a large dataset of annotated images using transfer learning approaches. The experiment was performed using an anthropomorphic robot that was programmed to move above the fabric. The camera attached to the robot detected defects in the fabric and triggered an alarm. A photoelectric sensor was installed on the conveyor belt and linked to the robot to notify it about an impending fabric. The CNN model architecture was enhanced to increase performance. Experimental findings show that the presented system can detect fabric defects with a 97.49% mean Average Precision (mAP).

A multi-stage scheduling optimization method for distribution networks based on extreme learning algorithms

Abstract As the prevalence of distributed power sources grows, the distinctions between transmission and distribution networks will blur further. In addition to conventional and renewable energy sources, electric vehicles and energy storage are also regarded as dynamic resources for system operation adjustments. This article establishes response models based on the response strategies, constraints, and costs of controllable loads and energy storage resources, and proposes a multi-stage active distribution network optimization and scheduling optimization method for “source load storage” collaborative interaction. Secondly, a novel optimization scheduling method for distribution networks is formulated, aiming to enhance both reliability and cost-effectiveness while adhering to constraints such as network balance, distributed power generation, and energy storage charging and discharging. Finally, the feasibility and correctness of the optimized scheduling model and algorithm were verified using the IEEE-24 node system as an example.