Interactional Metadiscourse Markers Research Articles

A Linguistic Study of Metadiscourse Markers in Local Government Regulation for Tourism Development

Abstract. Study on metadiscourse covers various genres of texts, both academic and non-academic texts. This study concerns the genre of regulation that is still rarely studied. It aims to explain the types and functions of metadiscourse in local government regulation. By using descriptive qualitative design, it studied the local government regulation for Sumenep tourism development in particular for the front matter and the section of the core content of the regulation, excluding part of the explanation or attachment. Data in the form of clauses and sentences used which contain metadiscourse markers. Results of the study have shown that there are transitions, endophoric markers, and evidentials of interactive metadiscourse. There are no frame markers and code glosses. Endophoric markers are the most frequently used functions to refer to information from the text previously stated, evidentials that refer to information from other texts are mainly used to refer to other forms of the constitution, laws, ministerial regulation, and other government regulations as the basis of regulation drafting, and the least is transitions that functions to relate between main clause to be coherent and easily understood as a whole text. Meanwhile, all categories of interactional metadiscourse markers are not found in this genre of regulation. The use of metadiscourse markers can assist in engaging the reader by signaling the writer's attitude, position, or assessment of the presented information. This can render the text more interactive and persuasive.Keywords: metadiscourse, regulation, tourism, Sumenep, Madura

A corpus-based analysis of Arab scholars’ use of interactional metadiscourse markers

Authors frequently employ metadiscourse markers (MDMs) in academic literature to encode their perspectives, support their claims and captivate readers. The usage of MDMs based on a variety of taxonomies and models has long been studied by researchers with the interpersonal model being one of the most widely applied. Results have shown a significant relationship between the use of MDMs and the comprehensibility of the texts. Though these findings seem insightful and valuable for fostering academic writing, Arab scholars’ use of MDMs especially the interactional type seems to be neglected. Accordingly, the purpose of the present study is to bridge this gap and reveal the use of interactional MDMS by Arab scholars in the fields of applied linguistics, translation and literature. The study adopted the corpus linguistic method and used a one-million-token specialized corpus that had been compiled for research purposes. The results have shown an imbalanced use of MDMs by Arab scholars using descriptive statistics and Key Word in Context (KWIC) qualitative analysis. The results have shown an imbalanced use of MDMs by Arab scholars. However, despite the limited and imbalanced use of MDMs, they are effectively utilized to serve various pragmatic functions. These findings can have implications for designing training courses that aim at fostering Arab scholars’ and students’ academic writing. Further research that investigates the writing production of Arab scholars in different disciplines is recommended to further support the current findings.

The Use of Interactional Metadiscourse Markers in the Discussion Section of Master’s Theses Written in English by Algerian Students: An Investigation of Gender Variation

Metadiscourse analysis plays an important role in exploring the rhetorical structure of different academic genres including master’s theses. Gender differences in writing the discussion section within this genre has been unexplored in the Algerian setting. Therefore, this study employs Hyland’s framework of metadiscourse (2005) to investigate gender variation in Algerian master’s theses discussion sections written in English within the field of applied linguistics. It seeks to examine possible similarities and differences in the use of interactional resources across the two gender groups. A mixed-methods approach was opted for to study the frequency and functions of these resources. The findings revealed a higher frequency of occurrence of interactional markers among female writers. Attitude markers were the most preferred interactional resources for both groups of writers with more diversity of lexical choices noticed within the female sub-corpus. Hedges were also significantly frequent among females while males exhibited more preference for using boosters. Self-mentions and engagement markers were found to be the least used interactional categories among both genders. This study also revealed that interactional metadiscourse markers perform different rhetorical functions in the discussion of master’s theses. Keywords: Applied linguistics, Discussion sections, Gender differences, Interactional resources, Metadiscourse

The Persuasive Role of Meta-Discourse Markers in Digital Advertising

This study investigates the persuasive use of interactive and interactional meta-discourse markers in digital advertising, employing Hyland's (2005) model. Interactive meta-discourse encompasses transition markers, frame markers, endophoric markers, evidential, and code glosses, while interactional meta-discourse includes hedges, boosters, attitude markers, self-mentions, and engagement markers. The process of data collection includes extracting data from websites with digital advertisements, analyzing the use of meta-discourse markers in these ads to understand their context and purpose, and categorizing these markers into interactive and interactional categories. Data analysis involves identifying and examining the presence of these markers in digital advertising, interpreting how they contribute to persuasion in the text, and presenting the findings by categorizing interactive and interactional meta-discourse markers while explaining their persuasive significance. The research reveals that in advertisements for beauty products and luxury cars, transition markers are the sole category of interactive meta-discourse used. In contrast, interactional meta-discourse exhibits a broader range of categories in advertising, encompassing attitude markers, self-mention, engagement markers, and boosters.

INTERACTIONAL METADISCOURSE MARKERS IN DENTISTRY CASE REPORTS

Metadiscourse is essential in creating and organizing persuasive discourse, taking into account the norms and expectations of parties involved. The purpose of this study is to explore the use of interactional (interpersonal) metadiscourse markers in dentistry case reports, analyze their functions within the text, and evaluate their effectiveness in establishing the writer's credibility and authority in managing textual interactions. The research material included a collection of 60 clinical case reports sourced from special dentistry journals for 2017 – 2022. The larges share of all lexical interactional metadiscourse markers is represented by hedges, attitude markers are nearly one-third as much, while self-mentioned markers, and, especially, boosters and engagement markers are underrepresented. Deliberate, cautious expressions of scientific claims mainly achieved in the dentistry case reports by using hedges can bring in establishing credibility more than authoritative stances. The prevalence of hedges can be a way for dental professionals to indicate that their statements are not absolute or definitive. This is particularly important in a field like dentistry, where there may be multiple treatment options or varying levels of certainty about diagnoses. Attitude markers are used to evoke agreement among readers and create a sense of shared understanding, drawing the readers into a collaborative framework of agreement. Boosters as signals of confidence and certainty in the claims being made and engagement markers that propagate the author’s view are barely present in the dentistry case reports. Most of the interactional markers are located in the Discussion and Conclusion sections.

Interactive metadiscourse in L1 and L2 English: Evidence from editorials

Abstract This study investigates the use of interactive metadiscourse markers in first language (L1) and second language (L2) English editorials. It also identifies how L1 and L2 editorials differ in the use of these markers. To this end, the study utilizes Hyland’s (2019) model of interactive metadiscourse to analyse – based on a descriptive approach – 80 editorials collected from two highly reputed newspapers: The Guardian and The Jordan Times, distributed evenly. The data were analysed both quantitatively, using SPSS tests to identify significant differences (if any) between the two sets of editorials, and qualitatively to enrich our understanding of the functions of interactive metadiscourse markers in editorials. The analysis revealed that there is no significant difference in the use of interactive metadiscourse markers between the two corpora. However, there is a slight variation in the use of individual interactive markers such as frame markers and evidentials. The findings are discussed in the light of theories of metadiscourse and previous literature. The study provides implications for L2 learning and teaching in terms of how interaction in written discourse is achieved in the L2.

An Analysis of Interactive Metadiscourse Markers in the Original Novel "The Scarlet Letter"

يستخدم الكتاب الأكاديميون مصطلح "الخطاب الشارح" في كتاباتهم لإقناع جمهورهم من خلال قيادتهم وإشراكهم في النص من خلال كل من مستويي الخطاب الشارح ، أي المستويات التوجيهية والتفاعلية. تسعى الدراسة الحالية جاهدة للتحقيق في المستوى التوجيهي لادوات الخطاب الشارح في الرواية الأصلية "الحرف القرمزي". اضافة الى ذلك ، تم اختيار عشر عينات كبيانات ليتم تحليلها. تهدف الدراسة إلى التحقق من تكرارات ووظيفة كل اداة في الخطاب الشارح التوجيهي. ولتحقيق الأهداف ، يتم استخدام ثلاث فرضيات: أولاً ، يكون لادوات الخطاب الشارح التوجيهية تأثير أساسي على توجيه الجمهور من خلال النص. ثانيًا ، يوجه الكاتب القراء في النص ، باستخدام تردد أعلى من علامات الانتقال. ثالثًا ، لا تُستخدم العلامات الداخلية والإثباتية بشكل كبير في الأنواع الأدبية. ولإثبات الفرضيات ، تتضمن الدراسة الإجراء التالي: يتم تقديم مراجعة الأدبيات ، واعتماد المستوى الأول من نموذج الخطاب الشارح لهايلند (2019) . يتم اختيار البيانات وتحليلها باستخدام المناهج النوعية والكمية ، وأخيراً تكشف الدراسة النتائج ومناقشها. في النهاية ، كشفت النتائج أن علامات الخطاب الشارح التوجيهية مهمة في تكوين نص متسق ومتناسق ، خاصة ادوات الانتقال التي يتم توظيفها بشكل سائد. بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، لا يتم استخدام الادوات الداخلية والادوات الاستدلالية لأن هذه الادوات لا تستخدم في النوع الأدبي. ومع ذلك ، يتم استخدامها بشكل متكرر في التخصصات الأكاديمية والعلمية.

A Study on the Persuasive Function of Metadiscourse in Hotel Responses to Negative Reviews on TripAdvisor

With the flourishing of tourism, more and more travelers tend to look at reviews on travel websites before booking accommodations. To minimize the possible unfavorable influence generated by negative reviews on websites, hotels tend to provide persuasive responses to negative reviews. Metadiscourse resource, as a linguistic resource, can be possibly used for such persuasive purpose in hotel responses to negative reviews. Taking TripAdvisor, one popular global travel website based in America, as an example, the present study explores the types of metadiscourse used in hotel responses to negative reviews and their role in achieving specific persuasive goals. 200 English responses to negative reviews from 50 hotels at the top five destinations were collected and analyzed. Metadiscourse markers were identified and located with the help of AntConc 3.5.9 (Windows) 2020 and Microsoft Word. The results show that nine types of metadiscourse resources are used in hotel responses to negative reviews on TripAdvisor, and interactional metadiscourse markers are more frequently adopted than interactive ones. Furthermore, it is found that metadiscourse markers can help achieve persuasive goals such as restoring the damaged reputation, winning trust, and enhancing rapport. This research complements the study on metadiscourse by looking at it in the genre of review response and explores the practicality of Aristotle’s three rhetorical means of persuasion in explaining the persuasive functions in business discourse. Hopefully, this study will spire hotels to take advantage of different types of metadiscourse resources in their attempt to achieve persuasive goals in their responses to negative reviews.

A STUDY OF INTERACTION AND INTERACTIVE METADISCOURSE ON UKRAINE-RUSSIA CONFLICT NEWS ARTICLES

Abstract: Metadiscourse plays an important role in news article writing as it allows writers to express their feelings and ideas using language. The objective of this study is to investigate the usage of interactive and interactional metadiscourse markers in news articles about the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. The research design is descriptive and qualitative, based on the theory of interactive and interactional metadiscourse markers by Hyland (2005). Five news articles were selected from The New York Times' English news article website, published between November 9-18, 2022. Data was collected using document research and analyzed through document analysis. Results showed that all types of interactive and interactional metadiscourse were present in the news articles, except for booster. The most frequently used interactional metadiscourse was self-mention, accounting for 65%, while the most frequently used interactive metadiscourse was transition, accounting for 84.7%. The implications of the above research suggest that the use of interactive and interactional metadiscourse in news articles can enhance reader engagement and understanding of the content.

Identification of metadiscourse markers in bachelor’s degree theses in Spanish

Abstract This article introduces a text mining tool that can automatically extract information using Hyland’s analysis model as a theoretical framework to analyse the use and characteristics of metadiscourse in large quantities of academic texts. To verify its validity, we present the results obtained using this tool on various bachelor’s degree theses with a particular focus on the field of engineering. Our results on a 6.9 million-word corpus extracted from 680 bachelor’s theses available online show that interactive metadiscourse markers are prevalent in engineering bachelor’s theses as well as in the authors’ metadiscourse patterns. In addition, we compared our results with previous research on metadiscourse markers. Our study can be used to identify the usage of various types of metadiscourse markers during the production of texts and for the development of software applications involving quantitative linguistic methods for the production of academic texts.

An Analysis of Interactional Metadiscourse Markers in Hawthorne's Simplified Novel "The Scarlet Letter"

In academic writing, writers intend to use the linguistic term "metadiscourse" to guide, to make their readers interact, and to persuade them through interactive and interactional levels of metadiscourse. The current study attempts to examine the interactional metadiscourse markers in Hawthorne's novel "The Scarlet Letter" in its simplified Oxford edition. The selected data consists of ten samples. The study aims to identify the frequencies and function of each marker in interactional metadiscourse. Two hypotheses are utilized to achieve the aims: First, the interactional metadiscourse markers have an essential impact on audience persuasion. Second, the writer interacts with readers in the text, using a higher frequency of self-mentions markers. To validate these hypotheses, the procedure includes the following steps: Presenting a literature review, using Hyland's (2019) metadiscourse model, selecting data samples, analysing the selected data using qualitative and quantitative methods, and presenting and discussing the findings. The results indicate that interactional metadiscourse markers have significant functions in persuading the reader through writing. In addition, self-mention markers are employed frequently since these markers project writers in the text to persuade their readers by attracting their attention to the mood and atmosphere of the novel.

دور أجهزة الخطاب الفوقي في مقالات البحث اللغوية المفهرسة ضمن مؤشر سكوبس كيو 1

The structure and production of persuasive writing are regarded to be significantly influenced by metadiscourse, a new and fascinating area of study that is based on the norms and expectations of those involved. Metadiscourse markers are observed as social activities that encourage contact among writers, readers, speakers, and listeners. In other words, authors must represent their identities in their writings in a way that makes sense to their readers. However, some words are used in writer's identity study in a way that can lead audiences to perceive them incorrectly. The primary goals of this study were to examine the metadiscourse indicators that were used most frequently in Q1 Scopus-index articles. The 10 Q1 Scopus-indexed linguistics articles from the Journal of Pragmatics that were used as study data ranged from (2020 to 2022). On the basis of Hyland's (2005a) model of metadiscourse markers, the data were qualitatively examined. The findings indicate that 2407 metadiscourse markers were employed in the entire dataset. There were 1785/74.1587 % of interactive metadiscourse markers compared to 622/25.8412 % of interactional metadiscourse markers.. Remarkably, it was found that metadiscourse markers were regarded as an essential tool for enhancing effective communication between authors and readers, establishing helpful possibilities for how well readers comprehend the material, and aiding them in differentiating facts from opinions while reading a text. Finally, the study suggests expanded use of metadiscourse-based analysis in academic writing generally and in high rank research articles in particular.

Interactional Metadiscourse Markers in English Research Article Abstracts Written by Non-Native Authors: A Corpus-Based Contrastive Study

Abstracts in research articles play a crucial role in settling the impact of academic articles. However, despite the abundance of research on academic discourse, variation in its linguistic features among scholars from different academic cultures seems to have remained untouched. This corpus linguistics study presents a comparative analysis of interactional metadiscourse markers in 96 research article abstracts written in English by both Russian and Spanish scholars in the field of linguistics. The study is based on the assumption that the distribution of interactional metadiscourse devices is different in the abstracts produced by each group of scholars. This is because Spanish academic discourse has been influenced by the growing expansion of Anglophone academic conventions to a larger extent. The theoretical basis of the study is Hyland’s (2005) taxonomy of interactional metadiscourse markers, which offers a pragmatically-grounded method for studying different types of such markers in academic discourse. Findings revealed that Spanish scholars leave more traces of themselves in their writing and take far more explicitly involved positions than Russian scholars. These findings carry pedagogical implications for academic writing course designers and instructors and can enhance non-native English writers’ knowledge of culture-specific and international academic writing conventions in the discipline.

Exploring interactional metadiscourse in remote teaching: A case study of A2-level english learners

The use of interactional metadiscourse markers in opinion paragraphs written by A2-level English learners was investigated in this research. Although metadiscourse is commonly studied in discourse analysis, pragmatics, and language teaching, there has been limited attention given to the writing of beginner-level language learners. Metadiscourse is typically associated with advanced English learners' writing behavior. However, this study recognizes that English learners at lower proficiency levels can also employ interactional metadiscourse markers, such as hedges, boosters, attitude markers, self-mentions, and engagement markers. The study scrutinized the opinion paragraphs of 20 university students at A2-level during the period of emergency remote teaching caused by the pandemic. The analysis of metadiscourse was carried out using Hyland's model for academic texts. The paragraphs of 10 students who attended online writing classes and 10 who did not were compared. The results showed that students who attended online classes attempted to use the metadiscourse markers they had learned in their writing lessons. On the other hand, students who did not attend online classes tended to use fewer interactional metadiscourse markers. The study proposes that students' writing and communication with their readers can be considerably impacted by teachers' attitudes, lesson materials, and sample paragraphs. Therefore, metadiscourse analysis can assist teachers and material developers in selecting appropriate materials for writing instruction.

Formulaic Sequences and Discourse Markers in Applied Linguistics Research Papers. A cross-linguistic corpus-based analysis of native and non-native authors published articles

Metadiscourse markers and their importance to academic writing are essential research subjects nowadays. The current corpus-based study aims at identifying interactional and interactive metadiscourse markers in terms of frequency and function in the abstract section of published research articles in applied linguistics developed by Algerian, Saudi, and Native researchers. 20 research articles for each group, with a total of 60 articles have been randomly selected and compiled as the research corpus for this study, then analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using AntConc.3.2.4 relying on Hyland’s classification of metadiscourse markers. As a comparative study, the research considered the abstracts written by natives as a benchmark and attempted to find an answer to the main inquiry related to the frequency of use of metadiscourse devices by Algerian and Saudi researchers in comparison to their Native counterparts. The main research results showed how close were Algerian abstracts to native ones in terms of using endophorics, frame markers, code glosses, hedges, attitude markers, and self-mentions. While Saudi abstracts were close to the benchmark only in two markers that are transitions and engagement markers. The rest of the devices were shown to be far from the native norm in both cases. The findings also revealed that the use of metadiscourse markers is not the only indicator of papers publication rate in indexed journals by comparing the corpus analysis results to the source of the articles (journals), to find that even if Algerian researchers publish less in high indexed journals in comparison to Saudis, they are still closer in using markers to the natives as a benchmark.

Interactional Metadiscourse in Students’ Abstracts across Studies at Universitas Qomaruddin

Writing is one of the essential things that all students must do. In writing, the delivery of ideas needs to be arranged so that the writing is easy to understand and practical. One type of writing is when students write a research article for their final project or thesis. Abstract writing is one of the crucial sections of a final project or thesis because the abstract contains an outline of the research they did. In writing abstracts, metadiscourse markers were possible because they aimed to organize a sequence of ideas, attract readers' attention, and indicate how important the information was presented. This study investigated one hundred and twenty abstract theses from six study programs at Universitas Qomaruddin. They are English Department (PBI), Mathematic Department (PMT), Industrial Engineering (TI), Electrical Engineering (TE), Mechanical Engineering (MS), and Informatics Engineering (IF). Hyland (2005) formulated the interactional metadiscourse investigated as the primary reference. The results showed that all six study programs applied interactional metadiscourse markers when writing their abstracts. Moredespite different styles and preferences in applying markers. In terms of usage of overall metadiscourse, PBI applied the most markers, while MS applied the least. In terms of variants of metadiscourse, PBI also applied the most, and MS applied the least varied markers. The reasons behind more or less usage of interactional markers were influenced by how familiar they were with using English, as it also revealed their writing style. PBI is one example that their exposure to English pretty helps them vary the way they arrange their ideas in their abstracts. However, other surprising groups were PMT and IF groups, which frequently showed the uses of metadiscourse markers. It also strengthened that English was not only dominated by English department students. It was more on how this language was known to many students at Universitas Qomaruddin. It is hoped that English as one of the international languages is no longer a big problem for students, especially in the case of abstract writing.

Interactive metadiscourse in dentistry research articles: Iranian vs non-Iranian academic writers

Linguistically, interactive metadiscourse devices are responsible for creating an unfolding and persuasive piece of writing. They help writers come up with a cohesive and reader-friendly text and highlight how they control the interactive meaning. This corpus-driven study is an attempt to explore the use of interactive metadiscourse markers in English dentistry research articles published in International ISI-indexed and Iranian local research-based journals. The aim was to see if interactive resources, as realized by rhetorical options, such as transitions, code glosses, endophoric markers, evidentials, and frame markers, are predisposed to discipline-specific rhetorical conventions. To this end, fourty dentistry research articles were analyzed using Hyland’s (2005) Interpersonal Model of Metadiscourse. The results disclosed similarities and differences in both the frequency and use of interactive resources between the two sets of research articles. The present results are expected to extend our understanding of authorial preferences for the use of metadiscourse markers in tandem with discourse functions in research articles in the selected discipline. The results of such studies may also improve different features of language pedagogy, such as teaching and learning academic writing, namely research articles.

Investigating the impact of explicit and implicit instruction on the use of interactional metadiscourse markers

The current study aimed to compare the influence of explicit versus implicit instruction on EFL learners’ use of interactional metadiscourse markers in their writing. The study also aimed to explore the perceptions of EFL learners on the instruction of these markers in their writing classes. 120 female undergraduates who are Arab EFL learners took part in the investigation. A mixed-methods research design was adopted with an explicit instruction group, an implicit instruction group and a control group. The experimental groups were introduced to a set of interactional metadiscourse markers as per Hyland’s (2005) interaction model in two 70-minute sessions. Additionally, the experimental groups completed two post-experimental questionnaires. The results of analysis of variance showed a positive, albeit very limited, influence for the explicit/implicit teaching with the markers of self-mentions, appeals to shared knowledge, directives and questions. As for the participants’ perception of the instructional intervention, the participants viewed both explicit and implicit instruction as helpful but could not always apply what they had learned due to task demands. The results are discussed in light of the existing literature and the specific context in which the study was implemented. Furthermore, implications for writing pedagogy are proposed.

An investigation into the use of metadiscourse in undergraduates’ abstracts in social sciences

Abstract There is very little research on the use of metadiscourse markers in abstracts across different disciplines (especially in a single study) in the research of undergraduates as novice researchers, and little qualitative research has been done on the topic in EFL and ESL contexts altogether. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the use of metadiscourse markers in EFL and ESL undergraduates’ abstracts in social sciences across three disciplines (English Language and Communication, Mass Communication, and Psychology) in the Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts at UCSI University, a Malaysian private university. We adopt Hyland’s (2005) interpersonal model which involves two main categories – interactive metadiscourse and interactional metadiscourse – to analyse all 62 abstracts collected from the 2016 Colloquium held at the faculty. The method used is qualitative to categorize the metadiscourse markers accordingly as well as counting their frequencies. The findings showed that the interactional metadiscourse markers were used nearly twice as often as the interactive discourse markers for the three disciplines, and the most used markers are boosters. The most used interactive metadiscourse markers are transitions, followed by frame markers, evidentials, code glosses, and endophoric markers. The findings can be used by ESL and EFL instructors when teaching students learning argumentative writing and research writing to use metadiscourse markers to make arguments and write proper critiques to reflect their stance and voice. This research adds some insights into this neglected genre of academic discourse at the undergraduate level.

A Corpus-Based Study of Metadiscourse Features Across Pctb Textbooks at Primary and Secondary Levels

Metadiscourse markers (MMs) are linguistic features that scholars use to express their messages compellingly and persuasively. Metadiscourse not just aides the peruser to comprehend the essential message of the message through construction and content, rather its suggest the peruser with the specific inclinations and points of view in the essential talk.The basic purpose of this study is to explore metadiscourse markers division and frequency designed by Pakistani authors Punjab curriculum textbook board at primary and secondary level students for the academic year 2018-2019. And also try to encompasses appropriate and inappropriateness as well. An adhock corpus comprises at primary and secondary levels Punjab textbook board English language books. Ken Hyland’s taxonomy Metadiscourse (2005) was selected to investigate the frequency of metadiscourse features though famous AntConc 3.5.8 software is used for text analysis. According to obtained results, interactive metadiscourse features has more frequently used rather interactional metadiscourse features in Punjab curriculum textbook board English language books.The total numbers of interactive markers are 10,429 likewise interactional metadiscourse markers total numbers are 94,91. The research indicates the worth of metadiscourse features in Punjab curriculum textbooks board English language books and opens the door for syllabus designers and researchers that they should considered the worth of metadiscourse in pedagogical perspective.