Interaction Techniques Research Articles

Social Penetration Analysis in Self-Disclosure of Online Loan Application Users to Their Partners

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the disclosure of online loan users to their partners through social penetration theory. Information technology-based money lending services are one of the innovations in the financial sector, utilizing technology to facilitate lending transactions without meeting in person. This transaction mechanism is carried out through a system provided by the Fintech Lending Organizer, either through an application or a website. Several problems arise because of the characteristics of online loans that often terrorize and intimidate people close to them without asking permission. This study is descriptive, using data collection techniques on ten pairs of online loan informants with their partners. Data analysis was carried out using interactive techniques involving interactions between data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. Based on the social penetration analysis, five pairs of informants decided to separate/divorce, while five pairs did not divorce. The five pairs of informants who did not divorce were at stages 3 (affective exchange) and 4 (stable exchange). The five pairs who divorced were at stage 2 (exploration of affective exchange), which decreased the development of their relationship to deterioration. Couples who eventually divorce receive negative Feedback from their partners in the form of anger, annoyance, and regret. The perpetrators decide to get involved in online loans without discussing it with their partners but also have no desire to discuss it. The perpetrators' mindset, household economic problems, characteristics of online loans, and skills in communicating issues to their partners color the couple's interactions towards the end of the relationship. On the other hand, supportive Feedback, personality, and gender of the partner are factors that influence self-disclosure.

Decoupling narrative visualizations into components: Helping designers to tell data-driven stories

There is a growing interest in presenting data clearly to users. One of the ways to increase engagement and understanding of this data is through narrative visualizations, as they utilize elements that can enhance understanding of the presented data in different ways. In this context, after a literature review on elements of narrative data visualizations, we identified a gap in detailed descriptions of narrative genres. Considering this, we conducted a focus group with professionals in the field, which resulted in the concept called “Navis Structure.” It organizes narrative genres into components for design assistance. In this case, the genres can be single-component or multi-component. Additionally, these genres were classified, considering not only this structure but also visual representation, interaction techniques, freedom of exploration, and narrative approach. Finally, we conducted a workshop with professionals experienced in data visualization to analyze and validate the proposed concept, believing that the findings contribute to advancing the understanding of narrative genres and guide future research in narrative data visualizations.

Analysis of the Need for Interactive Multimedia Development for Second Language Learning in Primary Schools

Nowadays, there are still many students who still have difficulty learning a second language—Indonesian, especially in the city of Yogyakarta. Students still have difficulty mastering the system or rules of the language used and understanding the social rules of using a language. The next problem is that students are less able to interact using a second language. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the need for the development of interactive multimedia for second language learning in elementary school. This research is included in the type of qualitative research. The data sources in this study are students and teachers of grade II elementary school in Yogyakarta City. The data collection techniques used are questionnaires, observations, interviews, and documentation. The instruments used are questionnaires, observation sheets, interview guidelines, and documentation equipment. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique used is the Miles Huberman interactive model data analysis technique which includes data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The findings of this study are that the development of effective and relevant interactive multimedia is needed to facilitate more optimal second language learning in elementary schools. The implication is that the development of interactive multimedia for second language learning in elementary schools is expected to have a positive impact on improving the quality of education and student learning outcomes.

Examining children's perceptions of AI-enabled interactive media characters

Young children may develo\\attachments or perceive realism in television characters due to interactive techniques like faux eye contact and pretend interactions during video watching. As artificial intelligence (AI) advances, the potential for real-time, contingent interactions with characters has emerged, potentially reshaping children's perceptions of these characters as responsive entities. This article presents findings from two experiments conducted as part of a multi-year project aimed at integrating AI into television animation series. In this project, the main characters of the series ask children questions, listen to their responses, and provide responsive feedback. The findings suggest that interactive characters, which engage viewers through contingent dialogues, are perceived as more human-like. Follow-up analyses also revealed that the opportunities for contingent interactions with the media character were the primary reason that drove such perceptions. This study contributes to advancing understanding of the mechanisms underlying children's evolving relationships with interactive media characters, a trend likely to gain prominence in the years to come.

Physical properties of Korean normal aortic valves based on fluid–structure interactions

Recently, numerical methods such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD), have been widely used in heart valve research. The CFD approach has fewer restrictions compared to clinical and experimental methods as it involves interpretations through computer calculations, and it can be used to predict and analyze fluids. For valve numerical analysis using CFD, the mechanical properties of the valve must be defined based on the physical properties. However, most of the existing heart valve numerical analysis studies have been conducted for westerners, and only a few studies on the same topic have focused on Asians. Thus, in this paper, we aim to determine the physical property parameters suitable for defining the mechanical properties of the normal aortic valves of Koreans over time. In this study, we used a fluid−structure interaction technique for the valve simulation and applied three representative valve characteristics presented in previous aortic valve simulation studies. Herein, the valve patency rates in case of simulation and multidetector computed tomography images were compared and analyzed through statistical techniques. Our results revealed that the physical properties, such as density (1050 kg/m3), Young’s modulus (2 MPa), and Poisson’s ratio (0.3), are like those of the Korean aortic valve over time. If hemodynamic evaluation of the Korean aortic valve is performed through simulation using these conditions, it can be effective in identifying the factors of heart valve disease.

Digital narratives and historical representation: A review - analyzing how digital mediums are revolutionizing the way history is taught and perceived

This study critically examines the transformative impact of digital narratives on historical representation, focusing on how digital mediums have revolutionized the way history is taught, perceived, and interacted with. Employing a systematic literature review and content analysis methodology, the research analyzes data from peer-reviewed articles, books, and digital platforms published between 2013 and 2023. The study's objectives include exploring the emergence and evolution of digital narratives in historical education, assessing their methodological approaches, and evaluating their educational, cultural, and technological impacts. Key findings reveal that digital narratives have significantly altered historical representation, introducing interactive storytelling techniques, democratizing historical knowledge, and integrating advanced technologies like AI and VR in historical education. These narratives have enhanced accessibility and engagement but also presented challenges such as the digital divide, the need for standardization, and potential biases in historical interpretation. The study concludes that the future landscape of historical representation in the digital age is poised to balance traditional and digital methodologies, emphasizing inclusivity and technological innovation. Recommendations are provided for educators, policy makers, and technologists to collaboratively create an accessible, accurate, and engaging digital historical landscape. Future research directions include investigating the long-term impacts of digital narratives on historical understanding, developing pedagogical strategies for digital history education, and exploring ethical considerations in digital historical representation. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamic role of digital narratives in shaping historical knowledge and education in the digital era.

Resilience Assessment and Influencing Factors Analysis of Water Security System in the Yellow River Basin

The assessment and regulation of water security system resilience (WSSR) are important ways to alleviate water resource crises. On the basis of the three characteristics of resilience, namely, resistance, restoration, and adaptability, an evaluation index system of the WSSR was built for the Yellow River Basin (YRB). A projection pursuit model based on the sparrow search algorithm (SSA-PP model) was constructed to assess the WSSR at the overall and provincial scales from 2009 to 2022. The factors influencing the spatial distribution patterns of WSSR was identified through factor detector and interactive detector techniques. The results revealed that: (1) From 2009 to 2022, the YRB exhibited a rising trend in WSSR, with the western region attaining the peak level, and the eastern region recording the lowest magnitude. (2) the adaptability capacity of most provinces and regions in the YRB tended to decrease to about 1.0, whereas the resistance and restoration capacities tended to increase towards 2.0. (3) Factors relevant to the restoration and adaptability subsystems, such as the development and utilization ratio of water resources and surface water resources (B2 and B3), water resource load index (C1), water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP (C8), and total precipitation (A1), significantly affected the WSSR. The interaction between factors exhibited significant enhancement effects on explanatory. Therefore, targeted countermeasures and recommendations were provided to improve the WSSR in the YRB.

Comparison of Unencumbered Interaction Technique for Head-Mounted Displays

Head Mounted Displays (HMDs) are gaining more public attention. With the advancement of tracking technologies, they are incorporating unencumbered interaction techniques to address the need for user-friendly and efficient interaction techniques for day-to-day activities. While there is a good understanding of the different interaction techniques individually, very little research has been done to compare them directly. This would be vital to understanding their strengths and weaknesses in different contexts and building better synergies among them. This paper uses a target selection task to compare the performance and user preferences for four interaction techniques: gaze-pinch, ray pointer, hand-proximate user interface, and direct mid-air interactions. Results indicate that the gaze-pinch interaction technique required significantly more time to complete the task than the others, whose time to complete was similar. However, in terms of preferences and errors, the interaction techniques mostly performed similar.

Experimental Analysis of Freehand Multi-object Selection Techniques in Virtual Reality Head-Mounted Displays

Object selection is essential in virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays (HMDs). Prior work mainly focuses on enhancing and evaluating techniques for selecting a single object in VR, leaving a gap in the techniques for multi-object selection, a more complex but common selection scenario. To enable multi-object selection, the interaction technique should support group selection in addition to the default pointing selection mode for acquiring a single target. This composite interaction could be particularly challenging when using freehand gestural input. In this work, we present an empirical comparison of six freehand techniques, which are comprised of three mode-switching gestures (Finger Segment, Multi-Finger, and Wrist Orientation) and two group selection techniques (Cone-casting Selection and Crossing Selection) derived from prior work. Our results demonstrate the performance, user experience, and preference of each technique. The findings derive three design implications that can guide the design of freehand techniques for multi-object selection in VR HMDs.

An Opportunity for Developing Cancer Prevention Leadership in Mexico.

Cancer in Mexico is a major public burden for which rates are expected to increase over time. In settings like Mexico, much potential for reduction through cancer prevention efforts remains unrealized, due in part, to a lack of formal cancer prevention and control training and career opportunities. We trained a cadre of instructors to deliver a pilot cancer prevention education program for oncology professionals and leaders. Instructors were oriented to the curriculum and its purpose, given instruction in interactive adult learning techniques using video conferencing tools, and supported by small-group and one-on-one meetings. Throughout this initiative, we learned the importance of mentoring of young professionals interested in cancer prevention and in having careers in the field. Instructors reported highly favorable ratings for participating in training and having high expectations of being recognized as instructors, highlighting the importance of this approach. Strengthening cancer prevention in Mexico rests on the sustainability of cancer prevention professional education programs and their disseminating impact through support of trained instructors to deliver cancer prevention curricula in the future.

Exploring Pointer Enhancement Techniques for Target Selection on Large Curved Display

Large curved displays are becoming increasingly popular due to their ability to provide users with a wider field of view and a more immersive experience compared to flat displays. Current interaction techniques for large curved displays often assume a user is positioned at the display's centre, crucially failing to accommodate general use conditions where the user may move during use. In this work, we investigated how user position impacts pointing interaction on large curved displays and evaluated cursor enhancement techniques to provide faster and more accurate performance across positions. To this effect, we conducted two user studies. First, we evaluated the effects of user position on pointing performance on a large semi-circular display (3m-tall, 3270R curvature) through a 2D Fitts' Law selection task. Our results indicate that as users move away from the display, their pointing speed significantly increases (at least by 9%), but accuracy decreases (by at least 6%). Additionally, we observed participants were slower when pointing from laterally offset positions. Secondly, we explored which pointing techniques providing motor- and visual-space enhancements best afford effective pointing performance across user positions. Across a total of six techniques tested, we found that a combination of acceleration and distance-based adjustments with cursor enlargement significantly improves target selection speed and accuracy across different user positions. Results further show techniques with visual-space enhancements (e.g., cursor enlargement) are significantly faster and more accurate than their non-visually-enhanced counterparts. Based on our results we provide design recommendations for implementing cursor enhancement techniques for large curved displays.

The Effect of Peer Interaction Enhancement on Sixth-Grade Jordanian EFL Students’ Reading Comprehension and Grammatical Knowledge

This study explored the impact of peer interaction enhancement on sixth-grade Jordanian EFL students' reading comprehension and grammatical knowledge. Sixty female EFL students from two Al Mowaqqer schools were divided randomly into an experimental group and a control group. It employed a quasi-experimental design, over a ten-week duration, one experimental group underwent a peer interaction enhancement intervention, while the other group served as the control group, adhering to conventional teaching methods as outlined in the instructions of Action Pack 6 Teachers' Book. The experimental group used a structured approach involving peer interaction techniques for reading comprehension lessons and grammatical structures. The study utilized two pre-post tests on reading comprehension and grammatical knowledge for data collection Descriptive statistics and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) were used to analyze the data. The study revealed that peer interaction enhancement improves students' reading comprehension and grammatical knowledge through communicative activities and corrective feedback.

INCLUSIVE EDUCATION, INFORMING SOCIAL TOLERANCE

This article explores practical strategies for fostering inclusive educational environments by cultivating tolerant attitudes toward students with disabilities. Addressing students, teachers, and parents alike, the authors provide concrete methods for promoting understanding and acceptance within both inclusive and general education settings. The article moves beyond theoretical ideals, outlining specific interactive teaching techniques that can be readily implemented in classrooms. Role-playing games, art therapy, and story therapy are presented as engaging and impactful tools for breaking down barriers and encouraging empathy. By equipping educators with these methods, the article aims to translate the principles of inclusion into tangible and positive classroom experiences for all students.

Sensory Enhanced Interactive Storytelling Technique (SEIS-T): Supporting Active Communication Through Short, Multimodal Narratives

ABSTRACT Creating meaningful interaction can be challenging for communication partners of persons with intellectual disabilities and hearing impairment (IDHI). To elicit moments of interaction and communication, the sensory-enhanced interactive storytelling technique (SEIS-T) has been developed within clinical and educational practice for people with IDHI and their communication partners. SEIS-T uses custom-made storybooks, referential objects and augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). Although many positive communicative moments with SEIS-T have been mentioned by practitioners, scientific research regarding this approach is limited. The present study aimed to alleviate this by examining changes in communication patterns and engagement of children with IDHI over the course of 10 repeated SEIS-T sessions and comparing the results to regular storytelling sessions. Six children participated in a multiple-baseline study. An event-sampling method was applied to analyse videos of the reading sessions, with respect to the children’s verbal and nonverbal communicative acts (role, form and complexity), and their attention to the storytelling. Non-overlap of all pairs (NAP)-analysis was used to test differences between the baseline and intervention phase for each participant. Promising improvements were seen in the frequency and variety of communicative acts by the children and in their focused attention during storytelling, when employing the SEIS-T.

Synthesis of TiO2-brookite nanorods and TiO2-Au composites for decomposition of organic dyes in water

This study employed a plasma-liquid interaction technique at room temperature to modify TiO2 nanocrystals in the brookite phase and coat their surface with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The technique was further utilized to reduce Au3+ ions to Au0, eliminating the need for chemical agents and reducing reaction time. The resulting TiO2-Au photocatalysts were then tested under visible light to evaluate their ability to degrade the dyes rhodamine 101 (RB101) in water. The findings indicated that the most effective degradation of RB101 molecules occurred at low dye concentrations (10 ppm) and low photocatalyst loadings with a ratio of 4. In comparing two different preparation methods, the TiO2-Au sample created using a micro-plasma process with a direct current (DC) source exhibited higher photocatalytic activity (87 % after 4 hours) compared to the sample created using a plasma jet process with an alternating current (AC) source. This research holds significance for the advancement of photocatalytic materials with potential environmental applications.

A taxonomic guide to diffusion MRI tractography visualization tools.

Visualizing neuroimaging data is a key step in evaluating data quality, interpreting results, and communicating findings. This survey focuses on diffusion MRI tractography, which has been widely used in both research and clinical domains within the neuroimaging community. With an increasing number of tractography tools and software, navigating this landscape poses a challenge, especially for newcomers. A systematic exploration of a diverse range of features is proposed across 27 research tools, delving into their main purpose and examining the presence or absence of prevalent visualization and interactive techniques. The findings are structured within a proposed taxonomy, providing a comprehensive overview. Insights derived from this analysis will help (novice) researchers, clinicians, and developers in identifying knowledge gaps and navigating the landscape of tractography visualization tools.

Exploring biosecurity education through photovoice: student teachers’ perspectives on pests and diseases

ABSTRACT Background While photovoice is a commonly employed interactive and visual teaching technique in science education, its use in linking biological subjects to biosecurity challenges in culturally and ecologically diverse traditional places is still limited. Purpose This research utilizes photovoice to investigate the perspectives and experiences of student teachers regarding pests and diseases as biosecurity issues. Method Conducted in Bali, Indonesia, the study applied photovoice in an ecopedagogy class with 30 student teachers. The research approach included a three-week orientation, smartphone-based photography, and field tours to examine biosecurity concerns in subak rice terraces. During the field trip, students captured images using smartphones equipped with macro lenses and subsequently engaged in discussions to identify pictures related to pests and diseases. Rigorous coding and member-checking were employed to ensure the reliability of the collected data. Result The findings provide a comprehensive narrative and visual documentation of students’ perspectives on pests and diseases in subak rice terraces. Engaging in critical dialogues and reflections enhances students’ group-working skills, leading them to identify over a dozen pests and diseases, and demonstrate their biosecurity knowledge by using terms like ‘protection’, ‘monitoring’, ‘prevention’, and ‘eradication’. Conclusion Employing photovoice to highlight biological issues related to pest and disease threats emerges as a valuable strategy for future educators. This approach not only fosters an understanding of the interconnection between society and biology but also underscores the importance of biosecurity principles in safeguarding our economy, environment, and social well-being. Therefore, it is essential to incorporate cultural heritage and participative methodologies into biosecurity education in order to prepare future educators for real-world situations.

Gender in Arabic Language Learning: A Social-Educational Analysis

<p>This research aimed to determine gender relationships in Arabic language learning in social-educational studies. The method used in this research employed a library approach with the data source being actual and factual literacy, and Mels and Heberman data analysis was utilized using interactive techniques. The results of this research showed that gender was not a true social construct or form, was not innate from birth, and could not also be said to be God's nature or provision because gender was related to the process of believing how men and women should act and behave in accordance with structured values, social and cultural provisions in the place where they were located. Learning Arabic could not be separated from linguistics and was included in the subcategory of grammar, especially in understanding the placement of mudzakkar and muannast. In the structure of the Arabic language, masculinity was the fundamental that was subjected, while femininity was the branch that had no ability as a subject</p>

DIRA: A model of the user interface

The user interface is a central concept in human–computer interaction, but peculiarly fuzzy. This affects discussions of the fundamentals of our discipline and the positioning of our work. We propose a model of the user interface that consists of four elements: Devices, Interaction Techniques, Representations, and Assemblies (DIRA). We explain their roles in the user interface and discuss some associated concerns about evaluation and design. We then show how to use the model to describe the elements of user interfaces (with examples that include a menu, a fisheye interface, and notifications) and to analyze the central characteristics of user interface paradigms (including tangible user interfaces and mixed reality). Finally, we discuss how describing user interfaces with the model can drive their design and evaluation.

Valuable Contributions and Lessons Learned from Proteomics and Metabolomics Studies of COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus infected more than 775,686,716 humans and was responsible for the death of more than 7,054,093 individuals. COVID-19 has taught us that the development of vaccines, repurposing of drugs, and understanding the mechanism of a disease can be done within a short time. The COVID-19 proteomics and metabolomics has contributed to its diagnosis, understanding of its progression, host-virus interaction, disease mechanism, and also in the search of suitable anti-COVID therapeutics. Mass spectrometry based proteomics was used to find the potential biomarkers of different stages of COVID-19 including severe and nonsevere cases in the blood serum. Notably, protein-protein interaction techniques to understand host-virus interactions were also significantly useful. The single-cell proteomics studies were carried out to ascertain the changes in immune cell composition and its activation in mild COVID-19 patients versus severe COVID-19 patients using whole-blood and peripheral-blood mononuclear cells. Modern technologies were helpful to deal with the pandemic; however, there is still scope for further development. Further, attempts were made to understand the protein-protein, metabolite-metabolite, and protein-metabolite interactomes, derived from proteins and metabolite fingerprints of COVID-19 patients by reanalysis of COVID-19 public mass spectrometry based proteomics and metabolomics studies. Further, some of these interactions were supported by the literature as validations in the COVID-19 studies.