Interaction Of Thermal Radiation Research Articles

Influence of quadratic thermal radiation and activation energy impacts over oblique stagnation point hybrid nanofluid flow across a cylinder

Quadratic thermal radiation is a fundamental term within the field of radiative heat transfer, which pertains to the interaction of thermal radiation. It encompasses a quadratic correlation between temperature and radiative qualities. Although linear thermal radiation is more prevalent in numerous everyday applications, non-linear thermal radiation is important in some situations, particularly where a more precise representation of the radiative transfer of heat is required. The phenomenon assumes a crucial function in some contexts that need enhanced accuracy in modeling radiative heat transfer. In view of this, the present investigation is carried out to examine the hybrid nanofluid flow across a cylinder under the influence of quadratic, nonlinear and linear thermal radiation and activation energy. The governing system of nonlinear differential equations is transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations via similarity transformations. The current study presents the results utilizing the shooting and Runge-Kutta Fehlberg 45 numerical scheme. The outcomes show that the curvature constraint will improve all three profiles while solid fraction decreases velocity and raises the other two profiles. Quadratic thermal radiation shows less temperature distribution, followed by linear and non-linear thermal radiation cases. The rate of thermal distribution improves 0.60 % for linear thermal radiation case, 0.52 % for nonlinear thermal radiation case and 0.656 % for quadratic thermal radiation case from hybrid nanofluid to nanofluid. Further, the rate of mass transfer shows 0.068 % improvement for from hybrid nanofluid to nanofluid. The results provide useful insights that may be used to enhance system efficiency across various applications, including but not limited to the mechanics of fluids, chemical technology, and thermal administration.

Numerical investigation of the radiative properties of a fully resolved particle cloud

In this study, the interaction of thermal radiation with dense solid fuel particle clouds is investigated numerically. To determine absorption and scattering properties of a particle cloud, generally, the absorption and scattering efficiencies of single particles are calculated by Mie theory, and subsequently, these parameters are linearly scaled by the particle number density to obtain representative coefficients for the particle cloud. Theoretically, this approach is only valid for clouds with perfectly uniformly distributed particles. However, real particle clouds are characterized by non-uniform particle distributions within the cloud. This results in the radiation being able to penetrate areas with low particle concentration almost unhindered, while areas with high particle concentrations are subject to multiple particle-radiation interactions.To evaluate the impact of non-uniform particle distributions on the radiative heat transfer, generic particle clouds with random distributions are generated. The cell size of the numerical grid is chosen in such a way that each individual particle is resolved, while each cell either represents particle or gas properties. The radiative heat transfer through the particle cloud is solved numerically via the Monte-Carlo ray-tracing method. The particle-resolved approach and the linear scaled approach are compared based on the intensity loss as a function of penetrating depth.The absorption behavior of a particle cloud modeled by a non-uniform particle distribution indicates a value up to 30% lower than the one of a perfectly uniform particle distribution. The investigations have further shown that it is possible to consider the effects of the particle-resolved approach by a modified weighting factor, which takes into account the particle size and absorption efficiency in addition to the particle number density. This allows numerical calculations without resolution of individual particles (low numerical effort) with similar accuracy compared to the particle-resolved simulations. Since dependent scattering effects are not modeled, the modified weighting factor is only applicable for particle clouds with a particle volume fraction below P<0.01.

Illustration of the Reynolds number on micropolar nanofluid flow through a permeable medium due to the interaction of thermal radiation

The present investigation reports the impact of the Reynolds number on the two-dimensional flow of micropolar nanofluid via a permeable medium. The interaction of radiative heat on the conducting liquid with the heat source/sink enriches the profile. The recent need in industrial and physiological applications, such as the peristaltic pumping process, blood flow through arteries, drug delivery systems, etc. the role of micropolar nanofluid has important aspects. The consideration of physical assets i.e. viscosity, thermal conductivity, and specific heat of the nanofluid is useful to enhance the thermal properties. By assuming suitable transformation rules, the governing equations are converted into ordinary and nonlinear. Furthermore, an analytical method such as the ‘Differential Transformation Method' is employed to solve the various profiles. The rate coefficients for the different profiles with their simulated results are displayed in a tabular form. Furthermore, a comparitive study is performed in particular cases with a good correlation. However, the important outcomes are the Reynolds number enhances the velocity bounding surface thickness, whereas the resistive forces for the inclusion of magnetic and porosity retard it significantly; furthermore, the Reynolds number has great control over the fluid temperature.

Illustration of buoyant forces on Casson nanofluid flow through an exponentially stretching sheet with thermal radiation and chemical reaction

AbstractThe present investigation is intended to follow the characteristics of thermal as well as solutal buoyancy on the flow of non‐Newtonian–Casson nanofluid flow over the exponential stretching sheet embedding with the permeable medium. The interaction of thermal radiation along with the chemical reaction enriches the flow phenomena significantly. These properties are useful due to their recent applications in various industries as well as the biomedical area. The blood flow phenomenon described in the human body is characterized by the use of Casson nanofluid which is helpful for the drug delivery system. The suitable transformation rules are employed for the transformation of the proposed governing equation into ordinary and nonlinear. Furthermore, an approximate analytical approach such as Differential Transform Method is used for the solution of transformed governing equations. The illustration of the physical behavior of the contributing parameters involved in the flow phenomena is presented via graphs and tabular form.

Impact of partial slip on the radiative conducting nanofluid flow through an expanding sheet for the interaction of heat source/sink

Based on the recent industrial need for the production processes the use of nanofluid is important because of its higher conductivity properties that enhance the heat transport phenomenon. Therefore, present investigation deals with the characteristics of partial-slip for the Buongirnio model nanofluid flow via a non-permeable expanding sheet. An electrically conducting fluid for the interaction of thermal radiation at prescribed surface temperature along with the Brownian and thermophoresis affecting the flow properties significantly. However, the governing PDEs (“ partial differential equations”) are get rid into their corresponding ODEs (“ ordinary differential equations”) in the nonlinear for with the suitable choice of similarity transformation. “ Adomian Decomposition Method” (ADM), an approximate analytical approach is imposed to find the solution of the distorted equations and further, parametric behavior for the contributing parameters is exhibited graphically. The conformity of the present solution with previously established result is deliberated. However, the main findings are; the slip velocity favors for the significant deceleration in the fluid momentum along with the enhanced suction parameter further, remarkable growth in t fluid temperature is rendered with the augmentation in the thermal radiation and the cross diffusion parameters such as Brownian and thermophoresis.

Hall current effect on molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)-engine oil (EO) based MHD nanofluid flow in a moving plate

In the present scenario, the role of nanotechnology is vital for better fuel capability with machines that utilise engine oil based nanoparticles and decreasing machine dissolves. The present paper analyzes the impact of Hall current on MHD nanofluid motion past in a rotation frame. For the base fluid, we have considered the Brinkman-type engine oil Interaction of thermal radiation, chemical reaction, and heat source also enhances the thermophysical properties of heat transfer phenomena. The solution of the governing boundary value problem is carried out analytically employing the Laplace transform technique. However, the influences of physical parameters that characterise the flow phenomena are obtained and presented via graphs. The numerical evaluation of the coefficients of engineering interest is displayed through tables and the validation of the present solution with earlier studies is obtained in a particular case. Finally, the conclusive remarks are elaborated in the results and discussion section.

Influence of Radiative Heat Energy on the MHD Flow of Cu-kerosene Nanofluid Over a Vertical Plate: Laplace Transform Technique

The present study reveals the heat transfer phenomena of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) nanofluid over a moving vertical plate due to the interaction of thermal radiation. Due to enhancing thermal properties, instead of water, kerosene is treated as the base fluid with the inclusion of Cu (Copper) nanoparticles. In addition to that, for the nanofluid viscosity and thermal conductivity the Einstein’s model and Mintsa’s model, respectively. The transformed models for the governing equations proposed here are handled analytically employing Laplace Transform Technique. However, the variations of various parameters are obtained because the constructed flow phenomena are presented via graph. In the particular case, the consequence obtained is compared with the earlier study to get the validation which provides a road map for further investigation.

Exploration of radiative heat energy on the peristaltic blood flow of a nanofluid in conjunction with a heat source

AbstractThe peristaltic flow of a conducting nanofluid associated with the Buongiorno model observed within a wavy channel is proposed in this article. In a peristaltic flow, the process of pumping takes place from a lower pressure to a high‐pressure region. It is treated as a vehicle through which the liquid passes in a channel due to its dynamic rush and expands in its length. Therefore, an analysis is carried out for the interaction of thermal radiation and heat source on the peristaltic flow of nanofluid past a tapered channel. The crux of this investigation is the interaction of Hall current due to the conjunction of conducting medium. An analytical technique is used to get the solution of the transformed governing equations, and furthermore, the pressure gradient is also evaluated. The flow phenomena characterized by certain parameters are obtained and presented via graphs. An important observation is seen in that the contribution of magnetic field and Hall current may favor the pumping process and the pressure gradient lowering in the conducting medium is one of the important characteristics.

Numerical solution for natural convection fluid flow along a vertical cone with variable diffusivity and wall heat and mass fluxes embedded in a porous medium

The interaction of thermal radiation and variable diffusivity through a vertical cone has been explored. The Soret and Dufour effects are considered. The main interest is focused on the investigation of properties of both wall heat flux alongside the mass flux through the porous medium. The modeled governing equations are simplified by employing the similarity transformations. The final governing controlled equations are resolved numerically. The behavior of flow field, dimensionless temperature and concentration for the sundry physical flow variables are elaborately analyzed via graphs. We have introduced that the novelty for our work lies in the dependence of variable heat flux on the thermal radiation, whereas the mass flux basically relies on the concentration. Comparison of the present results with the available literature reveals a high performance of the shooting technique for heat and mass transfer rates prediction.

Influence of Buoyant Forces on Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Blood Flow with an Interaction of Thermal Radiation

In this study, the heat and mass transfer of the blood flow, particularly in a capillary tube having a porous lumen and permeable wall in the presence of external magnetic field are considered. The velocity, temperature and concentration of blood flow become unsteady due to the time dependence of the stretching velocity, surface temperature and surface concentration. The thermal and mass buoyancy effect on blood flow, heat transfer and mass transfer are taken into account in the presence of thermal radiation. This analysis is very much useful in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. The equations governing the flow under some assumptions are complex in nature, but capable of presenting the realistic model of blood flow using the theory of boundary layer approximation and similarity transformation. First, the system of coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) is converted into a system of coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Then the solutions are obtained by Runge-Kutta method of 4thorder with shooting technique. The effects of various parameters such as Hartman number, radiation parameter, unsteadiness parameter, permeable parameter, thermal buoyancy parameter, Prandtl number, mass buoyancy parameter, velocity slip parameter, thermal slip parameter, Schmidt number on velocity, temperature, concentration, skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are depicted through graphs. Local Sherwood number enhances because of increase in Schmidt number. Moreover, some of the important results, which are discussed in the present study and have an impact on diseases like hyperthermia, stoke and moyamoya in human body.

Time, Irreversibility and Entropy Production in Nonequilibrium Systems.

The aim of this review is to shed light on time and irreversibility, in order to link macroscopic to microscopic approaches to these complicated problems. After a brief summary of the standard notions of thermodynamics, we introduce some considerations about certain fundamental aspects of temporal evolution of out-of-equilibrium systems. Our focus is on the notion of entropy generation as the marked characteristic of irreversible behaviour. The concept of time and the basic aspects of the thermalization of thermal radiation, due to the interaction of thermal radiation with matter, are explored concisely from complementary perspectives. The implications and relevance of time for the phenomenon of thermal radiation and irreversible thermophysics are carefully discussed. The concept of time is treated from a different viewpoint, in order to make it as clear as possible in relation to its different fundamental problems.

Free convective magnetohydrodynamic flow over an exponentially stretching sheet with radiation

AbstractThe study explores a steady two‐dimensional magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow phenomenon of an incompressible viscous fluid with buoyancy‐driven force over an exponentially stretching sheet. In addition to that, the interaction of thermal radiation in conjunction with dissipative effects, that is, viscous and Joule dissipation is also considered, which is justified due to the presence of magnetic field. The boundary layer equations governed by the flow phenomena are transformed into ordinary differential equations by a suitable choice of similarity transformation. Numerical methods, such as fourth‐order Runge‐Kutta scheme in association with the shooting technique is employed to get an approximate solution of these transformed equations. The numerical computations for the wall shear stress and the heat transfer coefficients are obtained, analyzed, and then discussed. Furthermore, the major findings are pick‐in velocity distribution near the plate is marked with an increase in buoyancy parameter and the rate of heat transfer profile is linear in its boundary layer for low Prandtl number.

Slip Effects on Ohmic Dissipative Non-Newtonian Fluid Flow in the Presence of Aligned Magnetic Field

The present paper deals with the effects of Ohmic dissipative Casson fluid flow over a stretching sheet in the presence of aligned magnetic field. The present phenomenon also includes the interaction of thermal radiation and velocity slip. The governing boundary layer equations are transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations using the similarity transformations. The dimensionless velocity and temperature profiles are solved analytically using hypergeometric function and numerically by using fourth order Runge-Kutta method with shooting technique. It is noted that the increasing values of Eckert number increases the temperature profile and decreases the local Nusselt number.

Attenuation of thermal radiation through water mist

This article focuses on the interaction of thermal radiation with water droplets and the creation of water mist for the purpose of evaluating the decrease of heat flux when positioning a water curtain of various parameters between a radiation source and a radiometer. The change of water curtain parameters, affecting the passing through of thermal radiation, was performed using five nozzles with a variable spray characteristics. For the respective nozzles the attenuation of thermal radiation was determined and the thermal radiation transmittance was calculated. Water mist was created using a high‐pressure pump and nozzles with a different size of the orifice. The measurement of droplet size was performed using the time‐shift technique. The Omegalux radiant panel was used as the radiation source and the Hukseflux SBG01 radiometer with a working range of 0–5 kW.m−2 was used as the detector. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Process Saf Prog 37:18–24, 2018

Coupled Radiation and Mixed Convection in an Eccentric Annulus Using the Hybrid Strategy of Lattice Boltzmann-Meshless Method

A numerical investigation has been made of the interaction of thermal radiation with laminar mixed convection in an eccentric annulus filled with participating media. As a hybrid approach based on a common multiscale Boltzmann-type model, the combination of lattice Boltzmann and direct collocation meshless methods (LB-DCM) is developed to solve the coupled problem of radiation and convection. Numerical simulations are conducted for different eccentricities, Rayleigh number, Reynolds number, convection-radiation parameter, and optical thickness. Results show that the LB-DCM combination is stable and accurate. In addition, this hybrid approach is easy to implement and has excellent flexibility in dealing with irregular geometries.

Entropy Generation During the Interaction of Thermal Radiation with a Surface

The entropy calculation for radiation fluxes is reviewed and applied to simple radiation-surface interactions. A plate interacting with radiation from a hot object in the zenith of the hemisphere surrounded by a colder atmosphere is analyzed in detail. The entropy generation rate upon absorption and reflection of the incoming radiation is calculated and discussed. The plate is adiabatic in a first version (thermal equilibrium), then its temperature is fixed by allowing a heat flux to or from the plate. This analysis prepares the way towards an entropy generation minimization analysis of more complex radiation settings.

The interaction of thermal radiation on vertical oscillating plate with variable temperature and mass diffusion

Thermal radiation effects on unsteady free convective flow of a viscous incompressible flow past an infinite vertical oscillating plate with variable temperature and mass diffusion has been studied. The fluid considered here is a gray, absorbing-emitting radiation but a non-scattering medium. The plate temperature is raised linearly with respect to time and the concentration level near the plate is also raised linearly with respect to time. An exact solution to the dimensionless governing equations has been obtained by the Laplace transform method, when the plate is oscillating harmonically in its own plane. The effects of velocity, temperature and concentration are studied for different parameters like phase angle, radiation parameter, Schmidt number, thermal Grashof number, mass Grashof number and time are studied. It is observed that the velocity increases with decreasing phase angle ?t. .

The interaction of thermal radiation and water mist in fire suppression

Water mist is a highly effective fire-protection agent. In addition to the direct interaction of evaporating droplets with a flame to cause weakening or extinction, the mist serves to scatter and absorb thermal radiation. The central objective of this paper is to characterize the interaction of the water mist with thermal radiation. The droplet cloud can absorb thermal radiation, especially in the wavelengths associated with water bands. The radiation serves to preheat and pre-evaporate the droplets upstream of the flame itself, altering the structure and extinction of the flame. The mist also acts as a radiation shield that attenuates radiation. The radiative characteristics of the mist depend strongly on droplet size and number density. Spectrally dependent gas-phase emission and absorption is modeled using an exponential wide-band model and radiation-droplet interaction is modeled using Mie-scattering theory. Radiative transfer in the mist is described with a two-flux model.

Mixed convection heat transfer in a radially rotatingsquare duct with radiation effects

The interaction of thermal radiation with laminar mixed convection for a gray fluid ina radially rotating square duct is numerically studied. The integro-differential radiative transferequation is solved by the discrete ordinates method. The coupled momentum and energyequations are solved by the DuFort–Frankel numerical scheme. Results are presented in a radiallyrotating square duct over a wide range of the governing parameters. The effects ofrotation-induced buoyancy and thermal radiation on the developments of velocity, temperature,friction factor and Nusselt number are examined in detail. The axial variations of the fReand Nu are characterized by a decay near the entrance due to the entrance effect, but thedecay is attenuated by the onset of the secondary flow. The predictions also demonstrate that theradiation presents significant effects on the axial distributions of the total Nusselt number Nu t and tends to reduce the centrifugal buoyancy effects. In addition, the heattransfer rate increases with the decrease in the conduction-to-radiation parameter N c.

A description of thermomechanical processes in semiconductors with energy transfer by radiation

A thermodynamic model is proposed for the description of mechanothermoelectric processes in semiconductors, taking into account radiative energy transfer. Using physical notions about the interaction of thermal radiation with a semiconductor, a mathematical model for the system is constructed: Equations are formulated for the transfer of momentum, energy, and charge in the given system and the corresponding boundary conditions are established.