Interactions In Binary Liquid Mixtures Research Articles

Physicochemical analysis on molecular interactions in binary liquid mixtures at various temperatures and correlation with the Jouyban–Acree model (3-pentanol with allyl amine, allyl alcohol, and allyl chloride)

ABSTRACT This study investigates the molecular interactions in binary mixtures of 3-pentanol with three allyl compounds (allyl amine, allyl alcohol, and allyl chloride) at various temperatures. The excess molar volume, excess isentropic compressibility, deviation in viscosity, and excess Gibbs free energy of activation of viscous flow were determined from measured values of densities, speeds of sound, and viscosities. The data were analysed to determine excess properties and deviations from ideal behaviour, highlighting the predominance of molecular interactions such as geometrical packing effects and free volume effects. The experimental results were correlated with the Jouyban−Acree model, which effectively relates the observed thermodynamic properties to the composition of the mixtures. This correlation allows for a deeper understanding of molecular interactions that influence the properties of these binary mixtures across different temperatures.

Studies on Intermolecular Interactions in Binary Liquid Mixtures of 2-Methyl-1-butanol with Glycol Ethers {CH3(OCH2CH2)nOH}, n = 1,2,3 at Different Temperatures: A Volumetric, Acoustic and Transport Study

Studies on Intermolecular Interactions in Binary Liquid Mixtures of 2-Methyl-1-butanol with Glycol Ethers {CH3(OCH2CH2)nOH}, n = 1,2,3 at Different Temperatures: A Volumetric, Acoustic and Transport Study

Pseudo‐Gruneisen Parameters for Binary Liquid Mixtures at Different Temperature

The binary liquid mixtures of ethanol and benzene are used to understand the behavior of alcohol mixtures by using the ultrasonic waves at different temperatures. The Gruneisen parameter which is originally defined for solids to study the internal structure and other quasi crystalline properties of liquids. For the liquid mixtures, the pseudo counter part of Gruneisen parameter is defined for many liquids, pseudo-Gruneisen parameter (Г) decreases with increase of temperature except for liquids, water, and for alkali metals. For ethanol and benzene liquid mixtures at 308, 313, 318, and 323 K over the entire range the ultrasonic velocity and also the other acoustical parameters have been measured. The various temperatures starting from 308 K up to 323 K, the thermodynamic interaction of binary liquid mixtures is studied experimentally by using the ultrasonic interferometer at 2 MHz. The study has also measured the density and viscosity in the given temperature range. In addition to this, adiabatic compressibility (βa), free length (Lf), internal pressure (πi), enthalpy (H), solubility parameter (δ), activation energy (G), isothermal compressibility (βT), specific heat ratio (γ), volume expansivity (αT), pseudo-Gruneisen parameter (Г), reduced volume (Ṽ), and specific heat capacity (C) are calculated. The variations of interactions in binary liquid mixtures have been investigated using these values. The measurement of ultrasonic velocity of the pseudo-Gruneisen parameter for the liquid mixture at different temperatures is highlighted in conclusion.

Thermodynamic and spectral studies of molecular interactions in binary liquid mixtures of 1-butoxy-2-propanol with amines at different temperatures

ABSTRACT Binary liquid mixtures of 1-butoxy-2-propanol with amines namely diethylamine, dipropylamine and triethylamine have been discussed in the present discussion. Measurements of density and speed of sound of pure liquids and their binary mixtures have been carried out over the entire composition range and temperatures (298.15, 303.15 and 308.15) K. To study the thermodynamic behaviour of these liquid mixtures, various parameters were calculated using the experimentally measured data. Strong intermolecular interactions among the components of binary liquid mixtures were confirmed by calculated parameters. Various excess and deviation properties were correlated to composition using the Redlich–Kister polynomial. Further, density and speed of sound data were correlated with composition using Jouyban–Acree model. The experimental results have been analysed by using Prigogine–Flory–Patterson (PFP) theory. 1H-NMR spectra of binary mixtures at equimolar composition has also been studied.

Thermoacoustical study of intermolecular interactions in binary liquid mixtures of benzaldehyde with methanol and ethanol

Density (ρ) and ultrasonic velocity (u) for the binary mixtures of benzaldehyde with methanol and ethanol have been observed experimentally at 293, 303 and 313 K over the different compositions. The data so obtained was employed for the computation of specific heat ratio (γ), heat capacity (CP), effective Debye temperature (θD) and pseudo-Grüneisen parameter (Γ) excess pseudo-Grüneisen parameter (ΓE), excess molar volume (VmE) and excess isentropic compressibility (Δks) which were further endorsed to the Redlich-Kister polynomial equation. Excess parameters were graphed with the varying mole fraction of benzaldehyde and further considered for examining the nature and extent of molecular interaction in these two types of binary mixtures. The excess parameters with negative values in the observations were elaborated in terms of interaction between molecules of the constituents of the mixtures. The observed ultrasonic velocity and density were also fitted in first order polynomial equation. This research proves that the interaction between benzaldehyde and methanol is stronger than benzaldehyde and ethanol.

Comments on excess molar volumes reported in “Study of short range and long range molecular interactions in binary liquid mixtures of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and 1-propanol”

• V m E values of Prajapati and coworkers compared to published literature data of ten other researchers. • Published V m E values are much smaller in absolute magnitude than values of Prajapati and coworkers. • Published V m E versus mole fraction curves show simple parabolic behavior. • V m E versus mole fraction curves of Prajapati and coworkers show several local minima and maxima. A polemic is given concerning the volumetric properties reported for binary N,N-dimethylformamide + 1-propanol mixtures in the published paper by Prajapati and coworkers. The reported excess molar volumes differ significantly from the published literature values of ten independent research groups, all of which are much smaller in absolute magnitude than the values reported by Prajapati and coworkers.

Acoustic and Viscometric Investigations of Aqueous D-Pantothenic Acid Calcium Hemi-salt

Abstract: Acoustic and viscometric measurements are increasingly being used to investigate the properties of pure components as well as the nature, strength, and order of intermolecular interactions between constituents in solution. The density (ρ), viscosity (n), and ultrasonic velocity (U) of aqueous D-Pantothenic acid hemi-calcium salt at 298.15K and 300.15K were measured. Various thermo -acoustic parameters such as adiabatic compressibility, free length (Lf), free volume (Vf), internal pressure, acoustic impedance (Z), Gibb's free energy (G), and molar sound velocity (R) have been calculated using experimentally measured data. Acoustic parameters are useful in understanding molecular interactions in binary liquid mixtures. Keywords; Ultrasonic velocity, Free length, acoustical parameters, Acoustic impedance.

Study of short range and long range molecular interactions in binary liquid mixtures of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and 1-propanol

In the present study precisely measured properties; static dielectric constant (ε0), refractive index (n) and density (ρ) of binary liquid mixtures of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and 1-propanol (1-PN) have been used to determine linear correlation parameter (grr), mutual linear correlation parameter (gAB), excess Helmholtz free energy functions (ΔF) and excess molar polarization (ΔP). The dipolar contributions to these functions arising from long range electrostatic interaction, short range interaction between identical molecules and short range interaction between dissimilar molecules have been assessed separately. The excess thermodynamic functions calculated from the experimental data supports the formation of clusters with antiparallel or destructive angular correlation (β-clusters). The variation of excess static dielectric constant, excess refractive index and excess molar volume have been used to discuss the type, the strength and the nature of intermolecular interactions betweenconstituent species. Comparison of the predicted values of static dielectric constant and refractive index of the liquid mixtures using various mixing rules with the experimentally determined values have been assessed in terms of Average Percentage Deviation (APD).

Probing the Intermolecular Interactions in Binary Liquid Mixtures of 1-Tert-butoxy-2-propanol with Amines Through Volumetric, Ultrasonic and FT-IR Spectroscopic Studies at Different Temperatures

Probing the Intermolecular Interactions in Binary Liquid Mixtures of 1-Tert-butoxy-2-propanol with Amines Through Volumetric, Ultrasonic and FT-IR Spectroscopic Studies at Different Temperatures

Ultrasonic and Thermodynamical Study of Molecular Interactions in Binary Liquid Mixtures at Different Temperatures

Ultrasonic and Thermodynamical Study of Molecular Interactions in Binary Liquid Mixtures at Different Temperatures

Study of Thermoacoustic Parameters and Statistical Analysis of Liquid State Therories

Molecular interaction in binary liquid mixtures can be evaluated from the thermodynamic properties of the liquid mixture. Nature of interaction of liquid molecules can be explain by various liquid state theories, such as Collision factor theory, Free length theory, Eyring's significant structure theory, Flory theory etc., In present work experimental parameters such as ultrasonic velocity (U), density (ρ) of binary mixtures of p-Xylene-Piperidine and Tolune-Piperidine has been measured over the entire range of composition at different temperatures 303,313,323K. The observed experimental data have been utilized to evaluate thermo-acoustical parameter ie. adiabatic compressibility βa, free length Lf molar volume V etc., Theoretical ultrasonic velocities calculated by applying Jacobson’s free length theory and Kalidoss revised free length theory, statistical analysis carried out by applying Chi-square (χ2) test for both the liquid systems to verify the applicability of liquid state theories.

Molecular Interactions of Binary Liquid Mixtures of Dimethylsulfoxide by Evaluation of Excess Acoustical Parameters at Different Temperatures

Molecular Interactions of Binary Liquid Mixtures of Dimethylsulfoxide by Evaluation of Excess Acoustical Parameters at Different Temperatures

Theoretical Interpretation of Thermophysical Properties and Their Correlation with Intermolecular Interactions in Binary Liquid Mixtures of 2-(2-Butoxyethoxy) Ethanol with Amines

Theoretical Interpretation of Thermophysical Properties and Their Correlation with Intermolecular Interactions in Binary Liquid Mixtures of 2-(2-Butoxyethoxy) Ethanol with Amines

Unraveling molecular interactions in binary liquid mixtures with time-resolved thermal-lens-spectroscopy

Non-contact localized laser heating-based thermal lensing has emerged as a technique for probing the heat transport in liquids. A mode-mismatched dual-beam pump–probe spectroscopic technique was employed to investigate the photothermal response and modes of heat dissipation in methanol and binary mixtures of methanol with polar (water, methanol (MeOH)) and nonpolar (CCl4) solvents. We recorded the time-resolved thermal lens (TL) signal of a probe beam at 780 nm after heat deposition by a 1560 nm pump beam. For pure solvents, the TL signal was found to be approximately one order of magnitude larger for methanol than for water, DMSO, or CCl4, implying that the energy deposition is larger for methanol than for any of the other solvents. Subsequently, binary mixtures were studied where the TL signal increased with an increase in the volume fraction of methanol. All TL signals are shown to have a physical interpretation in terms of heat conduction and convection. In the case of methanol–water, the observed trend can be rationalized in terms of a strong intermolecular interaction. Convective heat transfer is shown to dominate the overall heat transfer in pure methanol and in binary mixtures for all volume fractions where MeOH is in excess of 50%. No convection is observed for very dilute mixtures with a small amount of methanol; in this case, heat conduction is sufficient to reach equilibration. Interestingly, for binary mixtures of methanol with DMSO or water, a decreasing trend is observed in the concentration range between 90% and 100% volume fraction of methanol. We observe also that the TL signal is modified in case of intermolecular interactions forming large clusters of methanol with the cosolvent. In such cases, heat diffusion is affected. Thus, TL can be seen as a sensitive probe for intermolecular interactions as well.

Nonlinear ultrasound propagation in formamide + 2-methoxyethanol/2-ethoxyethanol solvent systems at temperatures ranging from 303.15 to 323.15 K

Nonlinear ultrasound propagation of formamide with 2-methoxyethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol systems are examined over the entire miscibility range and five different temperatures (303.15 K ≤ T ≤ 323.15 K) using Hartmann, Ballou, Lu, Tong Dong, Beyer and Beyer-Tong Dong methods. The nonlinearity parameter, B/A values are compared using the aforementioned methods in both the binary systems. The isobaric temperature coefficient $$\left( {{{\partial u} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\partial u} {\partial T}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\partial T}}} \right)_{P}$$ and isothermal pressure coefficient of the ultrasound velocity $$\left( {{{\partial u} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\partial u} {\partial P}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\partial P}}} \right)_{T}$$ are also calculated. An interconnection between nonlinear ultrasound parameter and the molecular properties e.g. internal pressure, cohesive energy density etc. is also discussed. The excess non-linearity parameter B/AE plays a key role in determining the extent of intermolecular interactions in binary liquid mixtures. Hence, nonlinear ultrasonic propagation helps in studying the static and dynamic molecular properties of the solvent systems.

Molecular interactions in binary liquid mixtures of 1-propoxy-2-propanol with amines at (298.15, 303.15 and 308.15) K: A thermophysical and spectroscopic approach

Density (ρ), speed of sound (u) and viscosity (η) of binary liquid mixtures containing 1-propoxy-2-propanol with amines namely dipropylamine, diethylamine and triethylamine were measured over the entire range of composition at temperatures (298.15, 303.15 and 308.15) K. To study the intermolecular interactions between the molecules of liquid mixtures, various thermodynamic properties were calculated. Strong hetero association among the components of liquid mixtures has been confirmed by the calculated parameters. The order of interaction of 1-propoxy-2-propanol with amines is confirmed by the order of magnitude of these parameters. Further, change in enthalpy (ΔH∗) and entropy (ΔS∗) of activation of viscous flow have also been calculated. Correlation ability of various proposed viscosity models has been compared. Redlich-Kister polynomial has been used for the correlation of various excess and deviation properties. FT-IR spectra of these liquid mixtures have also been studied that strengthens the above findings.

Exploration of molecular interaction in binary liquid mixtures of dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether with methyl acetoacetate and ethyl acetoacetate at different temperatures using physicochemical approach

Density ρ, and speed of sound u, measurements have been carried out for the binary mixtures of dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether with methyl acetoacetate and ethyl acetoacetate at intervals 5 K, from temperatures T = (288.15 to 308.15) K and experimental pressure of p = 0.1 MPa. The entire ranges of composition have been measured using Anton-Paar DSA 5000 M densimeter i.e. density and speed of sound analyzer. Using experimental density data the excess molar volume, VmE has been determined. Isentropic compressibility along with excess molar compressibility have been determined from the experimental speed of sound. Deviations in intermolecular free length and deviations in acoustic impedance along thermal expansion coefficient have also been calculated. The variation of these parameters with composition and temperature have discussed in terms of molecular interaction in these mixtures. FT-IR studies of these mixtures have been also reported and obtained results have been used to analyze the mixing behaviour of the components.

Solute-solvent interactions of binary liquid mixtures containing Phenetole with isomeric cresols through physicochemical properties and ATR-FT IR spectral studies

Abstract The thermo physical properties of density (p), speed of sound (u) data of binary liquid mixtures of Phenetole (ethoxy benzene) with o, m and p- cresols have been estimated at 303.15 K, 308.15 K and 313.15 K temperatures at atmospheric pressure. From the data of measured densities, the excess molar volumes (VE) and excess isentropic compressibilities (κsE) have been calculated at all the estimated temperatures. The VE and κsE values were fitted to Redlich-Kister equation. Further the measured sound speed data were compared with Schaffs Collision factor theory (CFT), Jacobson's Free Length theory (FLT) and Nomoto's relation to check their predictive capability. The resultant of the properties were explained interms of molecular interactions owing to physicochemical effects between the unlike components of binary liquid mixtures. Further ATR FT-IR data was also collected to confirm the existence of intermolecular Hydrogen bonding between phenetole and isomeric cresol components.

Excess thermodynamic properties of intermolecular interactions in binary liquid mixtures of furfural with alkyl acetates (C1-C5) at different temperatures

Abstract In this paper, we reported the densities (ρ) and speeds of sound (u) for the binary mixtures containing furfural (FA) and alkyl esters (methyl acetate (MA), ethyl acetate (EA), propyl acetate (PA), butyl acetate (BA) and amyl acetate (AA) at four temperatures (T = 303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15 K) and at atmospheric pressure. These experimental results have been further used to calculate excess molar volume ( V m E ) and excess molar isentropic compressibility ( K S E ), excess intermolecular free length ( L f E ) and excess acoustic impedance (uE) have also been calculated to support the experimental results. The excess properties have been fitted to Redlich-Kister equation. Further, theoretical results have also been discussed by using Prigogine–Flory–Patterson (PFP) theory, Intermolecular free length theory and collision frequency theory. From the interpretation of excess properties, the existence of specific interactions and interactions due to formation of hydrogen bonding between the unlike molecules has been revealed.

Imaginary optical constants in near-infrared (NIR) spectral range for the separation and discrimination of adulterated diesel oil binary mixtures

Fuel adulteration is a major factor contributing to environmental pollution. The tendency to adulterate diesel oil with kerosene is becoming prevalent in many countries, which is particularly driven by the lower cost of kerosene than of diesel oil. The objective of this study is to develop a method of separating and discriminating between different compositions of kerosene in binary liquid fuel mixtures. In this study, we have utilized refractive indices of binary fuel mixtures measured using an Abbe refractometer, and the inversion of measured transmittance spectra in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) spectral range by a general method based on Kramers–Kronig dispersion analysis, where the singly subtractive Kramers–Kronig relations have been used to obtain the wavelength-dependent imaginary excess permittivity of a binary liquid mixture. The excess permittivity has considerable importance in the interpretation of different liquid molecule interactions in binary liquid mixtures. It is herein demonstrated that the problematic cases of relatively low adulterations of 5% and 10% can be detected and distinguished from 15% adulteration using imaginary optical properties in the NIR spectral range. We show that imaginary optical constants such as excess imaginary permittivity and the extinction coefficient are useful for not only screening for adulteration, but also discriminating and separating low from high kerosene compositions in mixtures. Moreover, these quantities can also be exploited for the development of practical sensors, especially for sensing diesel oil adulteration under field conditions.