Interorganizational Networks Research Articles

Organizational Diffusion: What India Tells Us about How the Far Right Wins

Presenting a world-first data set of 2,831 constitutive organizations of history's largest far-right interorganizational network, this article presents a new explanation for far-right normalization: organizational diffusion. Providing, for the first time, empirical evidence of the large network characteristics of the Indian far right, this article paints a picture of what this network actually looks like, how far it has spread, and what explains its success. In doing so, this explanation unearths a far-right strategy of covert civil society expansion that has largely evaded the party-focused extant study of global far-right electoral mobilization. Identifying this strategy of organizational diffusion, this article argues that it produces three effects that produce broad, flexible, and durable mobilizations: segmented representation, reputational control, and leadership accommodation. Organizational diffusion, present in far-right mobilizations as diverse as Ma Ba Tha, Nippon Kaigi, and the Thai military, presents an important far-right mobilizing tool that exhorts scholars to refocus on covert civil society expansion as a key mechanism of far-right normalization.

Social Influence in Social-Ecological Systems: Collaborative Capacity and Inter-Organizational Networks in the U.S. Sagebrush.

Collaborative governance has become a prominent, if not dominant, framework for thinking about multi-scalar and cross-jurisdictional environmental management. The literature broadly and consistently suggests that collaborative capacity and inter-organizational networks provide the institutional framework for addressing social-ecological system challenges. Surprisingly little scholarship addresses processes of social influence (or contagion) in social-ecological systems writ large, or more specifically as it relates to collaborative capacity. In this study, we consider the relationship between network position and structure and "collaborative capacity". We use a linear network autocorrelation model to establish a quantifiable, statistical relationship between an organizational-level outcome (collaborative capacity) for organizations that are relationally connected in a network addressing conservation and management issues in the U.S. sagebrush biome. We test three general hypotheses: (1) that social position - operationalized as network centrality - is related to collaborative capacity, (2) that subgroup or community structure - operationalized as modularity - is related to collaborative capacity, and (3) that there is a social contagion effect of collaborative capacity. Our results identify a positive relationship between collaborative capacity and organizations in positions of brokerage as well as evidence of a "collaborative capacity" contagion effect. This work contributes to our understanding of the role of bridging organizations and networks for large-scale environmental management.

Crisis management from a relational perspective: an analysis of interorganizational transboundary crisis networks

Abstract Although transboundary crises have gained relevance in an increasingly interdependent world, our understanding of the relational dynamics governing these phenomena remains limited. This paper addresses this knowledge gap by identifying common characteristics across interorganizational transboundary crisis networks and drivers of tie formation in successful structures. For this purpose, it applies descriptive Social Network Analysis and Exponential Random Graph Models to an original dataset of three networks. Results show that these structures combine elements of issue networks and policy communities. Common features include moderately high centralization, reciprocated ties, core-periphery structures, and the popularity of international organizations. Additionally, successful networks display smooth communication between NGOs and international organizations, whereas unsuccessful networks have fewer heterophilous interactions. Transitivity seems to play a role in network success too. These findings suggest that crisis networks are robust structures that reconcile bridging and bonding dynamics, thereby highlighting how evidence from relational studies could guide transboundary crisis management.

Leadership in Public Sector Interorganizational Networks: A Synthesis of the Literature and Propositions Based on a Multiple Case Study

Abstract Previous studies characterize public sector interorganizational networks as sets of horizontal relationships between autonomous organizations. Due to these horizontal relationships, networks seemingly offer a promising context for leadership beyond hierarchical tools of coordination as prevalent in individual, hierarchical organizations. However, despite the promising role of leadership in public sector networks, as yet no conceptualization of the functioning of leadership within this context has been developed. This is mainly due to the current disconnect between various branches of scholarly literature on collaborative governance, network management, and leadership. Based on a synthesis of the literature and an empirical investigation of three public sector networks in The Netherlands, this study aims to fill this gap by providing a conceptual framework of leadership in public sector interorganizational networks constituting the types, distribution, and directions of leadership behaviors and the formulation of four theoretical propositions that relate these behaviors to network context.

Development of Internationalization Process Model of Thai Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Emerging Markets: A Study of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS)

According to modern organizational theory, the growth of companies in developing nations is due to the coming together of public and private sector interorganizational networks and globalization. Within an open system and a very dynamic environment, a corporation cannot work autonomously. Here are the objectives of the study: The goals of this research are threefold: first, to learn how Thai SMEs expanded into BRICS countries; second, to find out what kinds of inter-organizational networks Thai SMEs relied on when going global; and third, to give some advice to Thai SMEs that want to expand internationally in BRICS and to the Thai government on how to set up management networks that help with investment and internationalization. Documentary analysis of the database from the office of small and medium enterprise promotion and in-depth interviews were among the qualitative approaches employed in this study. This study examined 76 individuals from Thailand who were considered significant informants due to their extensive understanding of developing markets, namely those in the BRICS countries. A total of 63 executives responsible for overseeing their businesses' activities in the BRICS nations, together with 10 operational officers and 3 government officials, were chosen as key informants. In order to get trustworthy information for this study, the researcher used the triangulation method. Executives and government officials with operational responsibilities inside government agencies were interviewed in-depth, and their data was cross-referenced with that from pertinent papers. Thai SMEs were affected by the BRICS countries' political, legal, and socio-cultural frameworks, according to the study. Companies in the BRICS countries went global for three main reasons: to tap into untapped markets, to boost operational efficiency, and to secure access to critical resources. For Thai SMEs looking to grow their business in BRICS nations, the following factors were crucial to their success: 1) The network between different organizations; 2) the capacity to adjust to political and legal changes in BRICS countries; 3) non-formal ties; 4) the capability of local employees; 5) the appropriateness of the entrance method approach; and 6) knowledge gained from past mistakes.

Inter-organisational cooperation networks: a strategy for the knowledge-sharing and performance of higher education institutions

PurposeThis study aims to present how an inter-organisational cooperation network can contribute to the competitive performance of higher education institutions (HEI) and also to students’ academic performance. The intention is also to examine how knowledge-sharing processes should develop to meet the needs of maintaining cooperation networks.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts a qualitative approach, using the case study (network) method. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, group interviews and documentary analysis. The convenience sampling technique was used. Data analysis was carried out through a data triangulation process.FindingsThe general benefits arising from cooperation networks are encouraging. The HEIs improved not only through creating an environment that supports learning processes and knowledge-sharing efficiently, but also through cooperation between students and lecturers.Practical implicationsThe cooperation network experience studied here can be used by other universities or HEIs as an approach/strategy to launch a cooperation initiative in order to increase levels of knowledge, learning, innovation and competitiveness. The results also help university or HEI leaders to understand the importance of academic cooperation networks, letting them form innovative teaching strategies that stimulate academic and competitive performance, as well as economic growth.Originality/valueThe central elements of originality lie in advancing a new vision of cooperation networks, creating a new, innovative framework that considers the dimensions presented from the theoretical and practical point of view. The framework helps to understand what is necessary for network cooperation to develop and create value for HEIs. Combining different perspectives of the cooperation network inevitably represents a significant innovation.

Frontrunning, Free-Riding and Over-Aspiring: A Case Study Exploring How Configurations of Involvement, Social Comparison and Organizational Goal Attainment Affect Perceived Network Goal Attainment

Background: Complex problems in healthcare (fragmentation, specialization, and increased costs) are often addressed by implementing collaborative interorganizational networks. Theoretical models prescribe organizational practices that should ensure the effectiveness of these networks. However, these models are mostly aimed at organizing networks to achieve optimal effectiveness. One of the mechanisms increasing effectiveness, is the involvement of network members. We argue that even though network involvement may be high, there are mechanisms at play that decrease the member’s perceived network goal attainment, resulting in dissatisfied and dissociated members. One of these mechanisms is the comparison of input and output versus the input and output of other members; while the other is the pursuit of organizational goals by network membership. In combination with each other, these may lead to low perceived network goal attainment. Methods: We apply a mixed method study in a local primary care network (PCN) in the Netherlands. We collect and analyse two types of data: (1) interviews, analysed using thematic analysis, and (2) surveys, analysed using crisp-set qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). Results: We found three different pathways to low perceived network goal attainment. Members that are highly involved with the network, can still feel dissatisfied with the network’s goal attainment if they engage in social comparison or if they pursue organizational goals rather than network goals by network membership. We called these pathways over-achieving, and frontrunning. The third pathway, freeriding, describes members that are not very much involved in the network, but pursue organizational goals rather than network goals, and are also dissatisfied about the network’s goal attainment. Conclusion: Network member involvement positively affects perceived network goal attainment. We argue however, that even high network involvement can result in low perceived network goal attainment. Member’s comparison of each other’s input and output, as well as the pursuit of organizational goals, result in low perceived goal attainment even if members’ involvement is high. Future research aimed at network level effectiveness should take member level characteristics and sociodynamic factors into account.

Interorganizational Networks in the Face of Disruption: Building Resilience for Grand Challenges

Interorganizational Networks in the Face of Disruption: Building Resilience for Grand Challenges

Locked in Tradition? Clan Culture and Interorganizational Network Forms: Evidence from China

Locked in Tradition? Clan Culture and Interorganizational Network Forms: Evidence from China

Blind Spots in Collaborative Inter-Organizational Networks: An Information Processing Norm View

Blind Spots in Collaborative Inter-Organizational Networks: An Information Processing Norm View

From plan to practice: Interorganizational crisis response networks from governmental guidelines and real‐world collaborations during hurricane events

From plan to practice: Interorganizational crisis response networks from governmental guidelines and real‐world collaborations during hurricane events

Benefits and functionality of an interorganisational workplace health management network - insights from the companies' perspective.

Workplace health management (WHM) is a worthwhile investment for companies. Nevertheless, the implementation of health-promoting interventions remains limited, especially in small and medium-sized enterprises. Interorganisational networks could be a promising way to raise awareness of the advantages of implementing WHM. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyse the perceived functionality and benefits of a regional WHM network from companies' perspective and to present initial results on this specific topic. An explorative qualitative case study was conducted analysing ERZgesund, a WHM network in a rural region in Germany. Twenty-two companies that participated in the network were interviewed about their experiences and perceived advantages and disadvantages participating in the WHM network ERZgesund. The findings show that the network has raised awareness about WHM among the companies, provides opportunities for exchange of knowledge and experiences, and generates or strengthens collaboration. The positive effects were enhanced by the network's structure, such as regionality and a direct contact person. Nevertheless, some companies stated that they would welcome a higher level of participation and transparency. Overall, it becomes clear that a WHM network can be a valuable tool to emphasize the relevance of WHM to companies. Therefore, further studies should validate and intensify the research on WHM networks to ensure a long-term benefit from the network.

Inter-Organizational Network Collaboration: How Organizations Modify Expected Benefits When Facing VUCA Environment

Inter-Organizational Network Collaboration: How Organizations Modify Expected Benefits When Facing VUCA Environment

Resilience in inter-organizational networks of red buses: dealing with their daily disruptions in critical infrastructures

This research aims to determine how the inter-organizational (supply) system that serves and oversees the critical infrastructures might lessen the negative effects of routine interruptions. Furthermore, this research aims to gain insight into the types of disruptions that Red Buses experience and their strategies to manage them. The subject matter of this discourse pertains to the domains of science, numbers, and statistics. This research employs a quantitative research methodology to examine the effects of routine disruptions on inter-organizational systems and to evaluate the corresponding hypotheses. The individuals involved in this investigation work and operate the Red Bus Service in Karachi. By random sampling, a sample of 152 workers and drivers was selected from the Red Bus Service in Karachi. Data was collected from both electronic and non-electronic sources. Data was collected using Google Forms distributed via various internet channels such as WhatsApp and email addresses. Data was analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM); we used SmartPLS 4 software for that. The finding shows that disturbance co-occurrence has a negative relationship with CI resilience to focal disruption, a positive relationship with non-routineness, and a negative relationship with economic performance.

Conceptual principles of interorganizational (network) accounting in clusters based on the provisions of institutional theory

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to study the key theoretical principles of institutional theory as the basis for shaping an accounting system of interorganizational (network) linkages in the cluster and to propose directions for their solution. Methodology/approach: The methodological tool is a systematic analysis of the fundamental provisions of economic teachings and scientific works of accounting researchers. Bibliometric analysis was applied to scientific publications indexed in Scopus, which made it possible to determine the most popular economic theories as thematic guidelines. We also used methods of learning induction and deduction for contextual research of keywords in scientific publications and to establish links between the research characteristics of each of the selected theories. The abstract-logical method was used to formulate scientific-theoretical generalizations and conclusions. Findings: The problem of interorganizational accounting in the cluster is outlined based on the provisions of the institutional theory. Development directions are proposed, and recommendations are given for improving accounting within the framework of agency theory, transaction cost theory, contract theory, and actor-network theory. Originality/value: The results of the study contribute to the analysis of changes and directions of development of interorganizational accounting in the cluster and also complement accounting theory. The article fills a research gap by presenting the development of interorganizational accounting based on agency theory, transaction cost theory, con-tract theory, and actor-network theory. The originality of the research lies in its creation of a foundational framework and its introduction of a novel perspective on the role of accounting in interorganizational (network and cluster) relations, allowing for a more comprehensive understanding of their developmental peculiarities.

New ways of fostering sustainable employability in inter-organizational networks: an explorative study to understand the factors and mechanisms for their success

PurposeOrganizations are increasingly joining inter-organizational networks to foster sustainable employability for their employees. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors and mechanisms central to their success as experienced by key stakeholders.Design/methodology/approachAn explorative, qualitative approach was adopted, using four focus groups with network coordinators (N = 18) and HR professionals (N = 14). Fourteen Dutch inter-organizational networks were represented. Respondents were recruited through purposive and snowballing sampling techniques. Thematic analysis was applied using open coding to generate themes.FindingsThe results of this study outline environmental, structural, and inter-personal factors and mechanisms that contribute to the success of inter-organizational networks that aim to foster sustainable employability for their employees. The environmental factors and mechanisms consist of challenges stemming from the labor market. The structural factors and mechanisms include: a network’s flat structure, flat fee, lack of informal rules, the allocation of roles and expectations for stakeholders and shared network activities. Lastly, the inter-personal factors and mechanisms are: communication among stakeholders, establishing reciprocity, interaction and collaboration between stakeholders, the valuation of trust, a convivial culture and shared vision among stakeholders. The dynamics between these factors and mechanisms are compared to other forms of inter-organizational networks. Furthermore, several recommendations for network coordinators and practitioners regarding the development of networks are presented.Originality/valueThis study provides insights into the factors and mechanisms that are regarded by stakeholders as influencing the success of inter-organizational networks in their ability to foster sustainable employability for workers. We have identified a unique model that captures this new way of inter-organizational collaboration and builds on insights from literature on collaborative governance regimes, institutional fields and entrepreneurial ecosystems. Specifically, the model provides a framework that consists of environmental, structural and interpersonal factors and mechanisms for network success. This study increases our understanding of how collaborative efforts can be fostered beyond organizational boundaries and existing Human Resource Management practices.

Hybridization of human resource management practices at South Korean online game firms: the effects of inter-organizational networks

ABSTRACT This article examines inter-organizational relationships as a vital context in the hybridization of human resource practices for adopting best practices. Employing an actor-centred institutional approach, it analyzes actor interactions in order to comprehend how institutionalized actors influence the hybridization process in South Korean online game firms. Drawing from interviews and secondary data, the findings highlight the significant impact of evolving actor relationships on situational contexts. Hierarchical relationships between game publishers and developers, coupled with unionization and state involvement, shape the distinct characteristics of hybrid HR practices. This study emphasizes the intricate interplay between national, industry and firm-level contexts in the hybridization process.

From Boardrooms to Classrooms: How Interorganizational Networks Influence Education Policy Adoption

This paper examines how relationships among government and “outside” organizations influenced policy implementation of new dropout prediction data systems. Using comparative historical and network analyses of three cities, I suggest the concept of interorganizational coupling—highlighting how the dependence and (in)formal collaborations among local school improvement organizations affected implementation speed, variation, and constraint. In Chicago, the loosely coupled system influenced slow and varied implementation, sustained by interpersonal relations and challenged by unclear division of labor. In Philadelphia, the tightly coupled system shaped swift and uniform changes, constrained by questions of sustainability. In New York, the tightening system led to fast yet variable transformations, limited by competition among organizations. Broadly, the article contributes to studies of education policies, interorganizational networks, and school improvement.

The Impact of Governance Tensions on Disaffiliation from Interorganizational Networks

Collaboration in interorganizational networks requires specific governance choices to align participants with collective goals. However, these choices often fail to mitigate conflicts and may catalyze tensions that lead to disaffiliation. This study investigates four critical tensions identified in existing literature: (1) efficiency versus inclusion in decision-making; (2) flexibility versus stability; (3) internal versus external legitimacy; and (4) unity versus diversity. Through a case study of a credit union that disaffiliated from a cooperative network, we explore how these tensions manifest and their repercussions on both the network’s functionality and the behavior of its members. Our findings reveal that such governance tensions can be harmful both to the network and to the participating organizations. Tensions between unity and diversity, stability and flexibility, and external and internal legitimacy can compromise the effectiveness of the network and even hinder participating organizations in conducting their business. In extreme situations, these tensions contribute to the strategic decision to disaffiliate. This research extends theoretical understanding by delineating the specific impact of governance tensions on exit decisions within interorganizational networks.

The impact of project‐based interorganizational networks: Evidence from the Chinese movie industry

AbstractProject‐based interorganizational networks are temporary and dynamic, and significantly different from stable networks for mass production. However, empirical studies on project‐based interorganizational networks are scant. Drawing upon the network literature and distinguishing between production and distribution networks, we investigate how the centrality of a project in industry networks and tie strength of the project's member firms affect project performance in terms of product quality and sales. Using data of 821 Chinese movie projects during 2015–2018, we find empirical evidence that a project's centrality in the production network enhances product quality and that in the distribution network elevates product sales. Interestingly, weak ties in the production team contribute to product quality while strong ties in the distribution team improve product sales. This study advances the literature on project‐based industries and interorganizational networks. It highlights the distinction between production and distribution networks in project‐based industries and sheds light on the differential roles of a project's centrality and tie strength in both networks. These findings also offer novel insights to managers in project‐based industries.