Intentionality Of Action Research Articles

Solutions Journalism Stories Boosts Pro-Environmental Behavioral Intentions Through Positive Affect and Collective Efficacy Beliefs

Climate change news narratives have been criticized for perpetuating fear and sensationalism without due attention to and critical emphasis on constructive dialogue and solutions. This study investigates the potential of solutions journalism, a novel journalistic approach that emphasizes credible narratives about the threats and societal responses to those threats, to facilitate collective social responses to climate change. Using a sample N = 482, the study manipulated news stories as solutions-oriented or conventional problem-oriented. Exposure to solutions stories only increased intentions for pro-environmental action when fully mediated by positive affect and higher collective efficacy. These results offer insights for journalism and climate communication.

Reminders eliminate age-related declines in prospective memory.

Prospective memory (PM)-the process of establishing intentions for future action and remembering to fulfill these intentions at the appropriate time-is necessary for many instrumental activities of daily living and for maintaining functional independence with increased age. Offloading PM demands onto the environment, such as setting a reminder alarm to take medication, offers an easy and effective way to mitigate age-related PM declines. However, a lack of basic knowledge about the cognitive and metacognitive processes that drive offloading decisions presents barriers to successful implementation. The present study addresses these issues by examining age differences in PM for offloaded (i.e., with reminders) and nonoffloaded (i.e., without reminders) intentions under low and high memory demands. With highly specific intentions that can be retrieved via bottom-up processes (Experiment 1), there were no age differences in PM without reminders, and younger and older adults equally benefitted from reminders under high memory load. With nonspecific intentions that require top-down attention for retrieval (Experiment 2), older adults had worse PM under high load without reminders. Critically, this age difference was eliminated with the use of reminders, likely due to increased reminder checking for older adults under high load. These findings suggest that offloading can circumvent cognitive capacity limitations and minimize computational effort to improve intention fulfillment in older adults. The theoretical and applied ramifications of these findings are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Mere exposure to conspiracy theories: effects on radical intentions among believers and nonbelievers

ABSTRACT This study investigated the relationship between exposure to conspiracy theories and radicalization, focusing on conspiracy theories from QAnon and Russian propaganda. Through an experimental design, 1736 US-based participants were exposed to four conspiracy theories either before or after answering questions about their activist intentions and radical intentions. The results indicate that exposure to conspiratorial narratives led to a significant increase in radical intentions but a non-significant decrease in activist intentions. This finding supports existing literature linking conspiracy beliefs to non-normative behavior, suggesting a causal relationship between exposure to conspiracy theories and intentions for illegal and violent political action. Additionally, results show that individuals who already held beliefs in the narratives exhibited higher radical intentions after exposure compared to non-believers. This supports theories suggesting that conspiratorial narratives play an important role in radicalization, particularly when combined with other radicalizing factors. Discussion focuses on possible long-term radicalization effects of conspiratorial narratives as well as on the ethical considerations stemming from our findings.

The role of emotions in collective responses to in-group norm violations: the case of university’s sensitivity to the natural environment norm

The primary objective of this study was to examine the influence of perceptions of environmental in-group norm violations and the associated emotions on the level of support for environmental social movements. Particularly, we examined the association between collective action intentions and the emotions of anger, disgust, guilt, and pride elicited in response to the violation of in-group pro-environmental norms. There were 221 undergraduate participants (154 females, 62 males, 5 non-binary) studying at a Turkish state university, where preserving on-campus environment is perceived as the norm. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions in which on-campus environmental norms were violated or adopted by their peers (i.e., in-group members). Then, their perceptions of norm-violation, emotions about their peers’ on-campus environmental behaviors, and collective action intentions in improving campus’s environmental circumstances were measured. We used structural equation modeling to test the hypothesized links between the study variables. Our findings revealed that participants exhibited high levels of norm violation anger, guilt, and disgust and low levels of pride when their peers were presented as polluters. Only anger and pride were found to be influential in motivating intentions for collective actions. Norm violation perception by itself was not instrumental in mobilizing individuals for the sake of the environment. When coupled with feelings of anger and pride, its association with endorsing intentions for environmental collective action became significant. The current findings shed light on the emotions associated with norm violation and their potential to foster pro-environmental collective action.

Précis of Movements of the Mind

In Movements of the Mind (MoM; Wu, 2023a), I give a theory of agency that uncovers its internal psychological structure, revealing how creatures with minds do things. While my focus is on things we do 'in our heads', mental actions, the theory concerns all forms of agency. The book also provides a theory of attention and its essential connection to action. It characterizes intention in action as a type of memory for work, drawing on empirical theories of working memory. Further, it reveals the essential role of bias in action, providing an account of various psychological biases. The theory is then applied to three phenomena prominent in philosophical practice: implicit (better, automatic) bias, reasoning deductively, and introspection of conscious perceptual experience.

“We are the 99%”: Exploring the impact of politicized wealth-based identity on the established middle-class

ABSTRACT The Occupy Wall Street movement popularized the slogan “we are the 99%” to highlight economic disparities. In this studies, we investigated the impact of the 99% identity on middle-class attitudes and collective action intentions. Conducting two correlational studies (Study 1, N = 374; Study 2, N = 344) and two experimental studies (Study 3, N = 336; Study 4, N = 127), we found that 99% identity correlated with greater intolerance of economic inequality and stronger intentions for collective action than middle-class identity. These findings were replicated and extended in Studies 3–4 by two experiments. Indirectly, social norms were associated with inequality intolerance and collective actions through identification with the 99%, but no direct effect was found, Overall, identifying with the 99% is associated with middle-class mobilisation against economic inequality.

Dialogicity and narrativity in pedagogical interaction in the classroom. A proposal for analysing teacher discourse in the teaching process / Dialogicidad y narratividad en la interacción pedagógica del aula. Una propuesta para el análisis del discurso docente en el proceso de enseñanza

Given that pedagogical activity is eminently discursive, this article seeks to provide conceptual elements that help to describe teachers’ pedagogical discourse when teaching curricular contents. Working from the constructivist tradition and the cultural psychology approach, which uphold the social and cultural origin of human cognition, a discursive model is proposed that involves two dimensions: the dialogic-monologic and the narrative-paradigmatic. From the dialogic pole, teaching maintains the naturalness of a spontaneous conversation, intentionally including pedagogical elements that inquire into the students’ comprehension of the information and promoting argumentation, participation and the extension of group discussion. From the narrative pole, teaching seeks to contextualize the thematic contents to help students to gain perspective and understand the course and intentionality of actions. Considering both perspectives of analysis, we propose a conceptual schema for studying the phenomenon of teaching in which we theoretically characterize the different types of pedagogical discourses that emerge when articulating these two dimensions. Finally, we point to future lines of research that could emerge from this proposal.

Assessing Factors Influencing Dental Visits: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

Background: Regular dental examinations are a fundamental component in maintaining optimal oral health. The transitional period from adolescents to young adulthood frequently brings about shifts in one’s dental hygiene practices. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) underscores the importance of intentionality in health-related actions, suggesting a direct correlation between the strength of one’s intent and the likelihood of performing the behavior. This study aims to measure the effectiveness of TPB in explaining dental visit behaviors. Methods: An instrument was adapted for a college student population which examined constructs of the TPB, oral health knowledge, and expected social outcomes. The survey was administered electronically and available for a 3-week period. Results: A total of 370 individuals completed the survey. All constructs of the TPB displayed univariate significance. However, only subjective norms and perceived behavioral control were significant predictors of dental visits when accounting for other predictors in the model. Oral health knowledge and expected social outcomes were not significant predictors. Conclusion: Dental hygiene behaviors among college students progressively decline throughout college. Universities should carefully consider improving availability of dental hygiene resources on-campus. Dental health education can be enhanced to promote the importance of dental hygiene throughout one’s time in college.

Resgate do brincar: reflexões no âmbito da educação física escolar

Play is an inherent and indispensable activity for child development that can be used with intention and quality in pedagogical action. The objective is to develop a narrative review of the literature on play in school physical education in early childhood education. Studies with different theoretical-epistemological approaches were used. The issues more latent was: (1) The manifestation of play in play enables the playful culture of those who allow themselves to play; (2) The importance of play as an educational practice that considers children as actors in the multiple dimensions of human expressiveness; and (3) The contributions of the physical education teacher to play in early childhood education. There are different childhoods and different social determinants that positively or negatively impact play. Reduced opportunities to experience play can be detrimental to the child. The curriculum component of physical education can be an important tool for promoting play in early childhood education. By emphasizing the importance of play for the full development of children, it is considered a privileged subject in physical education about the different ways of moving with spontaneity, creativity, meaning and significance.

Criminal Responsibility For Hooliganism

Hooliganism is one of the crimes of the current Criminal Code, directed against public order and morality, encroaching on public relations, aimed at protecting mutual respect, honour, dignity, freedom, personal integrity and other values that exist between people in our society. Therefore, the fight against hooliganism has been and remains one of the priority tasks of law enforcement agencies, the effectiveness of which is determined by a number of factors, including the improvement of criminal legislation and the formation of a unified practice of its application. In the context of the above, the theoretical analysis of the signs of the offense of hooliganism deserves special attention, in particular, in theory and practice, issues arise regarding the signs of the offense of hooliganism, the meaningful interpretation of its motives, the definition of hooligan motives and revenge motives arising from personal unfriendly relations, the emergence and manifestation of intent, division and combination of actions related to hooliganism and other crimes. The purpose of the article is to analyze the norm providing for criminal liability for hooliganism, highlighting theoretical and practical issues related to the application of Article 297 of the current Criminal Code and their solution, assessment of the sufficiency of the legal basis for imposing liability on the perpetrators of this crime, and on the basis of this, the improvement of criminal legislation and the formulation of appropriate recommendations. As a result of the legal analysis of the current criminal legislation on criminal liability for hooliganism, this thesis identified objective and subjective signs of the offense of hooliganism and noted the gaps in them. The criteria for delimiting the corpus delicti of the crime of hooliganism from other similar crimes are determined. The need to provide for a new aggravating circumstance as part of the crime of hooliganism has been established. The results of the study of the topic can contribute both to solving the problems of qualifying the offence of hooliganism in law enforcement practice, and to improving the article of criminal law on liability for hooliganism.

Communication Strategies for Effective Interaction With Pedestrians and Automated Service Vehicles in Japanese Parking Areas

One of the challenges in introducing automated service vehicles (ASVs) to parking areas is guiding pedestrians to make quick and appropriate crossing decisions based on an understanding of what the ASV typically does. This study aims to find effective communication strategies for ASVs for pedestrian crossings in Japanese parking areas. Virtual Reality experiments were conducted with 40 participants facilitating vehicle behavior (Normal Deceleration, Early Deceleration, Early Stop) and text-based external human-machine interfaces (eHMIs; No eHMI, “After you,” “I’ll stop,” “In Automated Driving”) as tools of communication with two types of ASVs (bus and golf cart) in parking areas. The results indicated that vehicle behavior significantly influenced pedestrian crossing decisions, and pedestrians began to cross when the ASV decelerated early and stopped not too far from them (Early Deceleration). Self-reported measure analyses revealed that text messages containing the intent of the ASV's actions or instruction (After you, I’ll stop) with Early Deceleration would probably lead to pedestrians’ favorable attitudes toward automated buses. These findings contribute to communication designs based on implicit communication for pedestrian crossing decision-making in parking areas with a clear interpretation of ASV’s intentions.

Penggunaan Theory of Planned Behavior dalam Kajian Perilaku Konsumen Hijau

This study aims to evaluate the use of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in the analysis of green consum-er behavior. The TPB were an important framework for understanding consumer behavior, emphasizing the role of intention in shaping action, with factors such as attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. This research was conducted through a literature review using 26 articles from leading interna-tional journals such as Elsevier, Springer, Emerald, Taylor & Francis, Wiley Online, and Sage from 2013 to 2023.The results showed that the use of TPB in analyzing the purchasing behavior of environmentally friend-ly products provides strong evidence that intention influences consumer behavior. Other factors such as trust in the product also influence buying behavior. The advantages of the TPB lie in a structured framework, identification of behavioral influence factors, and support for effective marketing strategies. However, TPB have limitations, such as the inability to explain impulsive behavior and the inability to adequately incur-porate contextual factors. To address this, Extended-TPB, which includes additional variables, and the integration of TPB with other theories have developed. This increases understanding of environmentally friendly consumer behavior. The use of TPB and development has resulted in thousands of research articles published in various leading international journals. This confirms that TPB remain a significant focus of re-search in understanding consumer behavior in the context of sustainability.

Integrating Community Health Workers' Dual Clinic-Community Role in Safety-Net Primary Care: Implementation Lessons from a Pragmatic Diabetes-Prevention Trial.

Over a third of US adults carry a diagnosis of prediabetes, 70% of whom may progress to type 2 diabetes mellitus ("diabetes"). Community health workers (CHWs) can help patients undertake healthy behavior to prevent diabetes. However, there is limited guidance to integrate CHWs in primary care, specifically to address CHWs' dual clinic-based and community-oriented role. Using evidence from CHWs' adaptations of a diabetes-prevention intervention in safety-net hospitals in New York City, we examine the nature, intent, and possible consequences of CHWs' actions on program fidelity. We propose strategies for integrating CHWs in primary care. Case study drawing on the Model for Adaptation Design and Impact (MADI) to analyze CHWs' actions during implementation of CHORD (Community Health Outreach to Reduce Diabetes), a cluster-randomized pragmatic trial (2017-2022) at Manhattan VA and Bellevue Hospital. CHWs and clinicians in the CHORD study, with a focus in this analysis on CHWs. Semi-structured interviews and focus group discussion with CHWs (n=4); semi-structured interviews with clinicians (n=17). Interpretivist approach to explain CHWs' adaptations using a mix of inductive and deductive analysis. CHWs' adaptations extended the intervention in three ways: by extending social assistance, healthcare access, and operational tasks. The adaptations were intended to improve fit, reach, and retention, but likely had ripple effects on implementation outcomes. CHWs' focus on patients' complex social needs could divert them from judiciously managing their caseload. CHWs' community knowledge can support patient engagement, but overextension of social assistance may detract from protocolized health-coaching goals. CHW programs in primary care should explicitly delineate CHWs' non-health support to patients, include multiprofessional teams or partnerships with community-based organizations, establish formal communication between CHWs and clinicians, and institute mechanisms to review and iterate CHWs' work to resolve challenges in their community-oriented role.

THE POTENTIAL OF TWITTER IMAGES FOR GALVANIZING CITIZENS TO COLLECTIVE ACTION

This experiment explored the mobilizing potential of image-only tweets about Black Lives Matter protests compared to text-only tweets to stimulate collective action among Caucasians. A 2 (tweet modality: image vs. textual) x 3 (tweet content type: anger-evoking, efficacy-eliciting, neutral), between-subjects design was employed with collective action intent as the dependent variable. Contrary to expectation, the results produced no evidence that image-based tweets are more effective than text-based ones, or that emotional content is better than non-emotional content, at motivating citizens to become politically engaged. Anger-evoking, image-based protest tweets were only marginally more galvanizing among Caucasians than non-anger evoking image-based tweets. However, the results showed that efficacy-eliciting textual tweets stoked greater intention to participate than efficacy-eliciting image tweets. Furthermore, men, more than women, were more inclined to get involved in social protests after viewing anger-evoking images. Women, on the other hand were more inspired to take protest action than men after exposure to efficacy-eliciting images.

On The Question of A Human’s Personality Resources in a Changing World: Volitional Control, Trust, Anxiety

The article attempts to describe the features of a person’s volitional regulation regarding the aspect of the implementation and realization of his intention in action in a challenging situation of the modern world: complexity, uncertainty, stress. The approaches to the study of will in psychology and philosophy have been analyzed. The role of trust in the implementation of a person’s choice and the realization of intention in action has been shown . The following empirical methods were used: the psychometric technique “Self-confidence” by T.P. Skripkina, the Scale of interpersonal trust by J.Rotter in the adaptation of S.G. Dostovalov, the methodology of “Life orientations, SOHO” D. A. Leontiev, express diagnostics of propensity to unmotivated anxiety (V.V. Boyko), “Control in action” by Yu. Kull in S.A. Shapkin’s adaptation. According to the results of our study, we can conclude that there are differences in the realization of the intention to act, depending on the different ratio of the level of trust in oneself and in the world. Self-trust can be a component and an important resource of self-regulation.

The Idea of Feminist in a Literary Way Through Chen Duansheng's Masterpiece Eternal Happiness

As developed rapidly in the modern world, more and more articles and books focused on women's self-awareness; however, there are some works that pay too much attention to struggling for dominance in the field of ideas and departed from the original intent of affirmative action. This will undoubtedly lead to a disconnect between works based on the female perspective and the cognitive level of the audience, to the detriment of the reader's empathy and understanding of the content of the text. In this way, many of these works are useless from a public interest point of view and can even be counterproductive to those who do not understand the relevant field of knowledge. This is something that those working for women's empowerment do not want to see. Therefore, the author of the thesis attempts to find a way to express the idea of Feminist In a literary way through Chen Duansheng's masterpiece Eternal Happiness. In the end, the author find that to make it sufficient to raise awareness of feminism among the crowd, authors have to understand the thoughts of target readers and make them not feeling to be an outcast.

QAnon Beliefs, Political Radicalization and Support for January 6th Insurrection: A Gendered Perspective

ABSTRACT This study measured political radicalization and support for the January 6th riot alongside a measure of QAnon conspiracy beliefs in an online survey of 429 U.S.-based participants. The study aimed to investigate how conspiracy theories associated with the QAnon movement relate to support for the January 6th Capitol Hill riot and political radicalization, as well as explore the contribution of the Big 5 personality traits. Additionally, the study explored the gender dimension of QAnon-related radicalization. Belief in QAnon conspiracy theories correlated with intentions for radical political action, and with support for the January 6th insurrection. Agreeableness negatively correlated with QAnon beliefs. In our sample, more women reported believing QAnon conspiracy theories, and their average endorsement of QAnon conspiracies was higher than that of men. In women in our study, support for January 6th riot was positively related to Openness to Experiences, and activism and radicalism were positively related to extraversion; these relationships were reversed among men. These gender differences suggest a different psychology underlying QAnon’s appeal for men versus women, and radicalization stemming from beliefs in QAnon conspiracy theories.

When did it happen? Verbal information about causal relations affects time estimation

Usually, the closer two events occur, the more likely people infer a causal relationship between them. Recent studies have shown that this relationship between time and causality is bidirectional. Participants also tend to judge events closer in time if they assume that they are causally related. We present six experiments showing causal binding, but unlike other experiments, participants do not emit any motor action, and no physical feedback is given. Rather, all stimuli and causal information are provided verbally. After reading a list of events, participants were asked to estimate the time elapsed between two of them. Those participants who were informed that there was a causal relationship between the two events estimated them as occurring closer to each other. These results support causality- and heuristic-based explanations of temporal binding, as opposed to other explanations such as sensory integration or intentionality of action.

Models of activity in the narratives of people with schizophrenia.

This article presents an analysis of the narratives of people with schizophrenia from the perspective of descriptions of activities. The goal is to look for changes in activity models under the influence of a psychotic crisis experience. Three fragments of auto-narratives concerning periods: prior to illness, during illness and during remission periods, were compared. These were created after psychotic crisis. The narratives of 26 people with schizophrenia about their lives and self-perception during the aforementioned periods made up the research material. Linguistics textual analysis was conducted, distinguishing the determinants of six selected models of activity relating to sense of agency and intentionality of action. Frequency analysis and multivariable methods were applied to compare the relative frequency of their occurrence in narratives. Descriptions of activities during the illness are more strongly saturated with models of an extrinsic control site, impersonal control over action, avoidance, individual actions, states in comparison to the remission period, and in particular, descriptions of activity prior to the illness. The results of analysis of schizophrenia patients' narratives indicate a decreased sense of agency related to experiencing states of disorder (subjectively defined). This motivational deficit also concerns remission periods after the active phase of the illness, though to a lesser extent. Analysis of motivational models reveals differences of descriptions of own activity, indicating alterations in auto-narration and narrative identity under the influence of a psychotic crisis in a retrospective approach. These changes pertain to deep layers hidden in the relationship between the form of the narrative and its content. They indicate other images of oneself (self-positions or self-narrative voices) as a healthy, sick and in remission person - especially in terms of the perception of their own agency.

Improving performance of human action intent recognition: Analysis of gait recognition machine learning algorithms and optimal combination with inertial measurement units

Human action intent recognition has become increasingly dependent on computational accuracy, real-time responsiveness, and model lightness. Model selection, data filtering, and experimental design are three critical factors for the recognition of human intention in research. However, the performance of machine learning algorithms can vary depending on factors such as sensor location, the number of sensors used, channel selection, and dimensional combinations. Moreover, the collection of adequate and balanced data in such scenarios can be challenging. To address this issue, we present a comparative analysis of 12 commonly used machine learning algorithms for human action intention recognition. The synthetic minority oversampling technique is applied to fill in missing data. Traversing all possible combinations would require conducting 686 experiments, which is a daunting task in terms of both cost and efficiency. To tackle this challenge, we employ an orthogonal experiment design based on the Quasi-horizontal method. Our analysis indicates that lightGBM outperforms other algorithms in recognizing eight human daily activities. Furthermore, we conduct a polar difference and variance analysis based on a comprehensive balanced multi-metric orthogonal experiment for lightGBM using various sensor combinations and dimensions. The optimal combinations of different sensor numbers in terms of position, channel, and dimension are derived using this approach. Notably, our experimental design reduces the number of experiments required to only 49 times.