Intensity Of Social Interaction Research Articles

Timing of seasonal events is correlated with social network position in a wild mammal

Across animal systems, abiotic environmental features, including timing of seasonal events and weather patterns, affect fitness. An individual’s degree of social integration also has fitness consequences, but we lack an understanding of how abiotic features relate to patterns of individual sociality. A deeper understanding of this relationship could be developed from studying systems where these two links with fitness have already been identified. We explored the relationship between individual social behavior and seasonal timing, seasonal length, and weather patterns. We used social network analysis on a sixteen-year dataset of a wild population of hibernating yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventer). We fit a series of generalized linear mixed models and found that longer growing seasons before winter hibernation and longer winters were associated with increased individual sociality in the following spring. However, later snowmelt was associated with decreased sociality that spring. We found no relationship between individual sociality and various measures of precipitation and temperature. This suggests that seasonal timing and length may be a more important driver of sociality than weather patterns in this system, both as a lag and contemporary effect. Seasonal timing and length may mediate the opportunity or intensity of social interactions. The entwined relationships between the seasonal schedule and weather, and the seemingly contradictory role of winter length and snowmelt, suggests the timing of seasons and its relationship with sociality is complex and further exploration of environment-sociality relationships is required across taxa.Significance statementWhile the adaptive benefits of social behavior are well studied, less is known about how features of the abiotic environment drive variation in individual social behavior. Given increasing stochasticity in the timing of seasonal events and weather patterns, mapping the environment-sociality relationship will provide important insights to the drivers of sociality in the wild. This is particularly salient for species most vulnerable to climate and environmental change, such as seasonal hibernators, like yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventer). We found that features of seasonal duration were positively associated with increased sociality, whereas the timing of seasonal onset was negatively associated. This work provides empirical evidence towards an important gap in the behavioral ecology literature.

Effects of social interactions on the neural representation of emotional words in late bilinguals

ABSTRACT This fMRI study explored the relationship between social interactions and neural representations of emotionality in a foreign language (LX). Forty-five late learners of Japanese performed an auditory Japanese lexical decision task involving positive and negative words. The intensity of their social interactions with native Japanese speakers was measured using the Study Abroad Social Interaction Questionnaire. Activity in the left ventral striatum significantly correlated with social interaction intensity for positive words, while the right amygdala showed a significant correlation for negative words. These results indicate neural representations of LX emotional words link with the intensity of social interactions. Furthermore, LX negative words activated the left inferior frontal gyrus more than positive and neutral words, suggesting greater cognitive effort for processing negative words, aligning with a bias in adult social interactions towards more positively-valenced language. Overall, our findings underscore the importance of social interaction experiences in the processing of LX emotional words.

Social Interaction Intensity and Investor Behavior

Social Interaction Intensity and Investor Behavior

Social Interaction Intensity and Investor Behavior

Social Interaction Intensity and Investor Behavior

Hubungan Intensitas Interaksi Sosial Dengan Kemampuan Artikulasi pada Anak Hearing Impairment di SLB YRTRW Surakarta

Abstract Background: Some people have problems in social interaction with different factors. One of those who experience communication disorders in social interactions, namely children with Hearing Impairment. The auditory system provides information about the acoustic effects of articulation. Auditory feedback is very important in coordinating articulation processes, because the purpose of speech is to produce intelligible acoustic signals. The prevalence from the Ministry of Social Affairs in 2019, among persons with disabilities in Indonesia, 7.03% are persons with hearing disabilities. Purpose: This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship and description of the intensity of social interaction with articulation skills in children with Hearing Impairment at SLB YRTRW Surakarta. Methods: This research is a quantitative study using descriptive methods through a correlational design. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling with a population of 108 people and a sample of 25 people. Research Results: Based on the research results obtained from data analysis using the Spearman rank analysis test there is a significance value (ρ) of 0.292, which means a significance value (ρ) > 0.05. Then the null hypothesis (Ho) is accepted and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is rejected. The correlation coefficient (r) between the intensity of social interaction and articulation skills is (r) = -0.219, which means that it has no relationship with weak strength. Conclusion: There is no relationship between the intensity of social interaction and articulation skills in children with Hearing Impairment at SLB YRTRW Surakarta. Keywords: Social Interaction, Articulation Ability, Hearing Impairment

Social aspects of collision avoidance: a detailed analysis of two-person groups and individual pedestrians

Pedestrian groups are commonly found in crowds but research on their social aspects is comparatively lacking. To fill that void in literature, we study the dynamics of collision avoidance between pedestrian groups (in particular dyads) and individual pedestrians in an ecological environment, focusing in particular on (i) how such avoidance depends on the group’s social relation (e.g. colleagues, couples, friends or families) and (ii) its intensity of social interaction (indicated by conversation, gaze exchange, gestures etc). By analyzing relative collision avoidance in the “center of mass” frame, we were able to quantify how much groups and individuals avoid each other with respect to the aforementioned properties of the group. A mathematical representation using a potential energy function is proposed to model avoidance and it is shown to provide a fair approximation to the empirical observations. We also studied the probability that the individuals disrupt the group by “passing through it” (termed as intrusion). We analyzed the dependence of the parameters of the avoidance model and of the probability of intrusion on groups’ social relation and intensity of interaction. We confirmed that the stronger social bonding or interaction intensity is, the more prominent collision avoidance turns out. We also confirmed that the probability of intrusion is a decreasing function of interaction intensity and strength of social bonding. Our results suggest that such variability should be accounted for in models and crowd management in general. Namely, public spaces with strongly bonded groups (e.g. a family-oriented amusement park) may require a different approach compared to public spaces with loosely bonded groups (e.g. a business-oriented trade fair).

Social interaction in public space: Spatial edges, moveable furniture, and visual landmarks

Research on the relationship between space and social interaction has focused on indoor spaces, such as museums and offices. However, empirical evidence on the connection between the intensity of social interaction and outdoor public spaces is still lacking. Applying machine learning algorithms to a 9-hour time-lapse video of an urban park, we decipher the effects of two spatial features, edges, and landmarks, on visitors’ activities. We identified dynamic visitor groups in the videos through a graph-based method and mapped the clustering pattern of interaction activities over time and space. In parallel, we used a computer vision algorithm to delineate fixed objects (notably the harbourfront, landside park boundary, a carousel, four benches, three pavilions, and four heart-shaped seating) and dynamic edges (formed by moveable furniture as park visitors repositioned them) onsite. We found that dynamic edges formed by moveable furniture and the fixed edge of a visual landmark consistently attracted more social interaction and group activities. In designing public spaces that encourage group activities, urban planners and designers can leverage the combination of fixed objects and flexible furniture to maximise the choices for visitors and curate a more engaging public open space.

How does government regulation shape residents' green consumption behavior? A multi-agent simulation considering environmental values and social interaction

Green consumption is an inevitable choice to alleviate environmental pressure and promote sustainable development. Residents' green consumption behavior decisions are influenced by a combination of external government regulation and internal consumer psychological factors. This study incorporated regret theory and environmental values into a multi-agent model to simulate residents' green consumption behavior under various government regulation scenarios. The results show that in the absence of government regulation, residents have little motivation to actively choose green consumption. In terms of a single policy, government subsidy is more conducive to promoting green consumption behavior than government penalty, and the evolutionary trend of group decision making becomes more stable with increased policy intensity. However, neither of the two single regulatory policies can fully promote residents' environmentally conscious consumption decisions. Therefore, a combination of “carrots” (government subsidy) and “sticks” (government penalty) is required to motivate a significant increase in the number of residents who choose green consumption behavior. In addition, the intensity of social interaction between residents is found to influence the stability of behavioral evolution, with higher intensity (i.e., more neighbors) resulting in greater fluctuations in group behavior but driving more residents toward green consumption. These findings can provide a theoretical reference for policy formulation of green consumption behavior.

The impact of individual perceptual and cognitive factors on collective states in a data-driven fish school model.

In moving animal groups, social interactions play a key role in the ability of individuals to achieve coordinated motion. However, a large number of environmental and cognitive factors are able to modulate the expression of these interactions and the characteristics of the collective movements that result from these interactions. Here, we use a data-driven fish school model to quantitatively investigate the impact of perceptual and cognitive factors on coordination and collective swimming patterns. The model describes the interactions involved in the coordination of burst-and-coast swimming in groups of Hemigrammus rhodostomus. We perform a comprehensive investigation of the respective impacts of two interactions strategies between fish based on the selection of the most or the two most influential neighbors, of the range and intensity of social interactions, of the intensity of individual random behavioral fluctuations, and of the group size, on the ability of groups of fish to coordinate their movements. We find that fish are able to coordinate their movements when they interact with their most or two most influential neighbors, provided that a minimal level of attraction between fish exist to maintain group cohesion. A minimal level of alignment is also required to allow the formation of schooling and milling. However, increasing the strength of social interactions does not necessarily enhance group cohesion and coordination. When attraction and alignment strengths are too high, or when the heading random fluctuations are too large, schooling and milling can no longer be maintained and the school switches to a swarming phase. Increasing the interaction range between fish has a similar impact on collective dynamics as increasing the strengths of attraction and alignment. Finally, we find that coordination and schooling occurs for a wider range of attraction and alignment strength in small group sizes.

Immersion and Socio-Emotional Experiences During a Movie - Polish Adaptation of the Movie Consumption Questionnaires.

The aim of the article is to present a description of the psychometric properties of the Polish adaptation of the Movie Consumption Questionnaires (MCQ) - Immersion and MCQ - Experience. The instrument, created by Fornerino, Helme-Guizon and Gotteland (2008) allows measuring movie consumption in terms of immersion, the intensity of emotions and the intensity of social interactions during the screening. The Polish adaptation of the tool involved two stages, whose participants were movie-goers attending screening events at a cinema (N=577). The factor structure of the adapted instrument strongly resembles that obtained in the original study (RMSEA<0.08, CFI>0.95, SRNR<0.08) and has demonstrated very good internal consistency (α>0.8, ω>0.8). Criterion validity was also verified through the use of questionnaires that examine the following: affect - PANAS-X (Fajkowska & Marszał-Wiśniewska, 2009), emotionality - HEXACO (Szarota et al., 2007) and mindfulness - Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (Skala Świadomej Obecności; Radoń, 2014). Results of the analyses suggest that the adapted scales may be used as satisfactory tools for measuring movie consumption. By the same token, they may be useful in further psychological exploration of the movie screening phenomenon, with particular regard to immersion, emotional reactions and social interactions of the viewer.

Religion, social interactions, and COVID-19 incidence in Western Germany

This paper investigates how social interactions, as shaped by religious denomination, are related to COVID-19 incidence and associated mortality in Western Germany. We observe that the number of infections and deaths during the early pandemic phase were much higher in predominantly Catholic counties with arguably stronger family and social ties. The relationship was confirmed at the county level through numerous robustness checks, and after controlling for a series of characteristics and county fixed effects. At the individual level, we confirmed that Catholics, relative to non-Catholics, have tighter and more frequent interactions with their family and friends. Moreover, the intensity of social interaction was able to partially explain the relationship between COVID-19 incidence and share of Catholics at the county level. Our results highlight the number of dimensions that have to be taken into account when designing and implementing mitigation measures in the early stages of disease outbreaks.

Effect of Space Configurational Attributes on Social Interactions in Urban Parks

Urban parks are one of the most common spaces for social interactions in modern cities. The design of park spaces, especially space configuration, has significant influences on people’s social behaviors in parks. In this study, the associations between space configurational attributes and social interactions were investigated using space syntax theory. An observation analysis of social behaviors was carried out in two urban parks in Beijing, China. Nine space configurational attributes, including depth to the gate, depth to the main road, connectivity, normalized angular integration (NAIN), and normalized angular choice (NACH) with three radii, were calculated using a segment model. The variance analysis and regression analysis reveal the strong joint effect of space type, space scale factors, and space configurational attributes on social interaction behaviors in parks. The personal interaction group contained 23% of the total observed people involved in social interactions. Pathway length, zone area, and NACH-10K (NACH with a radius of 10,000 m) are positively associated with the number of people involved in personal interactions. For the social interaction group (77% of the total observed people), the space scale and depth to main city road were found to have a positive and negative influence on social interaction intensity.

Grammatical replication: First-person non-singular verbal indexes in Eastern Toba, Western Toba (Guaicuruan) and Tapiete (Tupi-Guaraní)

In this paper we suggest that linguistic features can show traces of the frequency and intensity of social interactions between indigenous peoples. We focus on peoples of the alluvial fan of the Pilcomayo River (South American Chaco), and analyze first-person non-singular verbal encoding in their languages. The corpus is composed of (a) data obtained during fieldwork, (b) descriptive grammars, and (c) published reports by missionaries, army officers, and European travelers. Combining environmental and ethnohistorical information, we propose that the first-person non-singular subject verbal indexes split visible in Eastern Toba of the Lower Pilcomayo River, Western Toba from the Upper-Middle Pilcomayo River (Guaicuruan), and Tapiete of the Upper Pilcomayo River area (Tupi-Guaraní) could be an outcome of language-internal resources used by the speakers of these languages to replicate the Matacoan (Maká, Nivaclé, and Wichí) external model.

Readers' engagement through digital social reading on Twitter: the TwLetteratura case study

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to explore how participants with different motivations (educational or leisure), familiarity with the medium (newbies and active Twitter users), and participating instructions respond to a highly structured digital social reading (DSR) activity in terms of intensity of engagement and social interaction.Design/methodology/approachA case study involving students and teachers of 211 Italian high school classes and 242 other Twitter users, who generated a total of 18,962 tweets commenting on a literary text, was conducted. The authors performed both a quantitative analysis focusing on the number of tweets/retweets generated by participants and a network analysis exploiting the study of interactions between them. The authors also classified the tweets with respect to their originality, by using both automated text reuse detection approaches and manual categorization, to identify quotations, paraphrases and other forms of reader response.FindingsThe decoupling (both in space and time) of text read (in class) and comments (on Twitter) likely led users to mainly share text excerpts rather than original personal reactions to the story. There was almost no interaction outside the classroom, neither with other students nor with generic Twitter users, characterizing this project as a shared experience of “audiencing” a media event. The intensity of social interactions is more related to the breadth of the audience reached by the user-generated content and to a strong retweeting activity. In general, better familiarity with digital (social) media is related to an increase in the level of social interaction.Originality/valueThe authors analyzed one of the largest educational social reading projects ever realized, contributing to the still scarce empirical research about DSR. The authors employed state-of-the-art automated text reuse detection to classify reader response.

Place Attachment Masyarakat di RW 04, Kelurahan Polehan, Kota Malang

The settlement area in RW 04 is determined as one of the priority areas that the Government of Malang City should overcome from slum problems. Slum factors in RW 04 are caused by density settlement, unlivable residential area, and environmental pollution by the community activities. Therefore, the local government creates a program to diminish the slum and to support the 100-0-100 Program as well. The effort to overcome the slum problems is done through a progam called PLPBK (Penataan Lingkungan Permukiman Berbasis Komunitas) which can affect community place attachment. Hence, the community image of RW 04 would change from a slum into a clean and beautiful residential area. The environmental transformation in RW 04 could strengthen place attachment and as a result, the people feel more comfortable, proud, and safe. This study aims to identify community place attachment in RW 04, Polehan, Malang and the analysis used is descriptive statistics. This research shows that the community would have a strong place attachment as long as the respondents have the willingness to develop place attachment through experience, intensity of social interaction, the possession of valuable object, action or effort to control the environment, the length of resident, do not migrate, and RW 04 that is able to replace the childhood memories of immigrant. The strong place attachment is affected by the respondents characteristics as well, and as a result, they tend to have willingness to live in RW 04.

Hydroclimate Variability Influenced Social Interaction in the Prehistoric American Southwest

When droughts and floods struck ancient agrarian societies, complex networks of exchange and interaction channeled resources into affected settlements and migrant flows away from them. Did these networks evolve in part to connect populations living in differing climate regimes? Here, I examine this relationship with a long-term archaeological case study in the pre-Hispanic North American Southwest, analyzing 4.3 million artifacts from a 250-year period at nearly 500 archaeological sites. I use these artifacts to estimate how the flow of social information changed over time, and to measure how the intensity of social interaction between sites varied as a function of distance and several regional drought patterns. Social interaction decayed with distance, but ties between sites in differing oceanic and continental climate regimes were often stronger than expected by distance alone. Accounting for these different regional drivers of local climate variability will be crucial for understanding the social impacts of droughts and floods in the past and present.

О СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ПРОНИЦАЕМОСТИ ГРАНИЦ МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫХ ОБРАЗОВАНИЙ

The article investigates the intensity of social interaction between the population of different municipalities in Russian Federation. This interaction is estimated using user profile data from online social networks: a data source that grows more and more popular in population geography studies. We build a qualitative indicator of social interaction using data on the number of interregional friendship links for «VKontakte» social network users that live in different municipalities and have an open social network profile. We show that the intensity of social interaction is higher on the average for municipalities that share a common border. Social interaction intensity data is then used to characterize the permeability of municipality borders. We choose the least permeable borders among all border segments of municipalities in Russian Federation: those with the smallest transborder interaction intensity values and describe the social barriers that are revealed this way. We describe various configurations of these barriers and suggest hypotheses for the reasons why such barriers appear or do not appear. We also analyze several groups of socially insular groups of municipalities in the Khanty- Mansi Autonomous Okrug and the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and suggest possible reasons for their insularity.

Labor market characteristics and cultural choice

AbstractWe develop a model of cultural selection based on the labor market characteristics of different cultural types. Following Borjas (1994, 1995) we assume that cultural heterogeneity increases labor productivity due to skill complementarities, however following Jackson and Xing (2014) we also assume that cultural heterogeneity hampers communication. We model this as a game in which individuals from two cultural types first engage in random matching, then once matched play a coordination game. Other‐type matches are thus potentially more productive, but also less likely to coordinate. We show that these two labor market characteristics serve as important primitives in determining if a cultural minority persists. Essentially, when the productivity advantages from a cross‐cultural match sufficiently outweigh the disadvantages of coordination problems then the cultural minority will persist. If not it will be assimilated. Further, we obtain results concerning the efficient size of the cultural minority, the effects of tax and welfare programs on the size and welfare of the cultural minority, and the relationship between the intensity of social interaction and size and welfare of the cultural minority.

Factors influencing the purchase decision through social commerce channels: the results of mixed research in Moscow

Companies view social commerce (s-commerce) as an additional online marketing sales channel of which the revenue-generating potential has substantially increased through the recent introduction of online payments within these channels in Russia. This paper examines which factors influence the consumer buying decision through s-commerce channels in Moscow. Through a rigorous process of expert interviews, we gain a first insight into the s-commerce market in Russia. Following this preliminary qualitative analysis, we collect survey data on purchase decisions among buyers on social media (stage 1: 303 respondents; stage 2: 252 respondents). An in-depth analysis via structural equation modelling reveals numerous factors that positively contribute to purchase intention. Among others, we find that the intensity of social interaction (e.g. frequency of updates and response time), quality of service (e.g. payment and delivery) and the availability of positive reviews are statistically significant determinants for a purchase decision. However, in line with expert feedback, we find that the significant influential factors differ across s-commerce channels. For example, in Инстаграм companies should emphasize platform convenience, content personalization and trust, with the latter factor significantly depending on security and the availability of reviews.

USING SOMATOSENSORY GAMES TO IMPROVE HEALTH AND SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT OF TAIWANESE OLDER ADULTS IN A COMMUNITY

Objective. Playing games has become a new way to enhance the physical activity, quality of life, social engagement of older adults. This study aims to conduct a 6-month somatosensory game program, inviting older adults to play Microsoft Xbox Kinect games and study whether games can bring benefits to them. Methods. A total of 70 community-dwelling older adults (35 as experimental group, 35 as controls) were recruited. The experiment group played somatosensory games twice per week in a local health center. These games contained three types of categories: 1) Tournament games (for upper limb and lower limb); 2) Single games (for aerobic exercise and muscle training);3) Puzzle games (for collaboration and group dynamics): Results. After 6 months, in the experiment group, the body mass index decreased from 23.45 to 23.29 (p<0.03). In muscular endurance category, 30 second chair rise jumped from 18 to 23.07 (p<0.0001). And 2 min leg lifting increased from 119.48 to 137.75 (p<0.001). In the flexibility category, back scratch test from right hand on top and left hand on top both improved (p<0.026; p<0.46, respectively). Trend analysis indicates that the improvements in 30 second chair rise (p<0.0001) and 2 min leg lifting (p<0.001) is linear. The intensity of social interactions increased noticeably in the experiment group. The SF8 health survey also revealed that experimental group perceived lower level of bodily pain. No significant improvement in the control group in all categories. Conclusion. Playing somatosensory games regularly may help older adults physically and socially.