Intensity Of Intestinal Parasites Research Articles

Gastrointestinal Parasites of Sarotherodon melanotheron(Ruppel, 1852) Histopathological Alterations and Organochlorine Pesticides Pollution from Lagos, Lagoon, Nigeria.

This study investigates the prevalence and intensity of intestinal parasites and determines the combined impact of organochlorine pesticides and parasites on the total health of the fish in Lagos lagoon. Twelve congeners of organochloride pesticides (OCPs) were analyzed in water, sediment, fish and parasites using mass chromatograph coupled with an electron detector. The prevalence of intestinal helminth infection in Sarotheron melanotheron was 20.83%. Twenty-five individuals were infected with parasitic cestode Wenyonia sp (20.83%, Chi-Square, X² = 11.2, p<0.05), out of which 18 (15.00%) were males and 7 (5.83%) were females. The intestinal parasites found in S.melanotheron were cestode; Wenyonia sp, protozoa; Myxobolus sp. Coccidian spores, Myxosoma sp, and Hexamita sp. Five congeners were detected in the water, sediment, fish and parasites. Some protozoa parasites of Sarotherodon melanotheron have shown qualities of bioindicators from the study. Myxosoma sp showed positive correlation (r = 0.315, p<0.05) with DDT and heptachlor (r = 0.301, p<0.05) but its correlation coefficient was not significant for endosulfan 1, aldrin and total OCPs. None of the intestinal helminth parasite infection correlates significantly with any of the OCPs congeners in the lagoon. Iddo station had the highest parasite prevalence and concentrations of DDT, Aldrin, Dieldrin, and Heptachlor in the water and sediment and the highest GAI, showing high frequencies of several inflammations, and tissue necrosis as a result of greater multi-stress pressure.

Prevalence and intensity of intestinal parasites in five communities in south-west Nigeria.

An investigation was conducted to determine the infection rate of intestinal parasites among 312 primary and post primary school children in randomly selected schools in five communities in Ilesa West Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria, between January and July, 2005. Faecal samples were collected from these subjects and examined. Direct saline and iodine preparations were examined as well as the preparation from sedimentation technique. The kato-katz technique was used for determination of intensity of worm infestation. 151 (48.40%) school children were infected. Ascaris lumbricoides and Entamoeba histolytica were the intestinal parasites found in the study population. Out of the 151 (48.40%) infected, 122 (39.10%) were positive for A. lumbricoides and 29 (9.29%) were positive for E. histolytica. Age group 5 7 years was mostly (50.00%) infected in primary school and age group 13 15 years was mostly (54.12%) infected in post-primary school. The intensity rate of A. lumbricoides was light (100 3,000 egg) among the school children in both primary and post–primary schools. The overall infection rate in both primary and post-primary schools for males and females were 20.79 and 28.21% respectively, which implies that infection rate was higher in females but not statistically significant (P>0.05). The differences observed in the infection rates in the study locations were also not statistically significant (P>0.05).

Prevalence and intensity of Nematodirus sp. and Eimeria sp. infections in the domestic goats of St. Katherine\'s Protectorate (Sinai, Egypt): relations with some ecological and biological factors

The prevalence and intensity of intestinal parasites in the domestic goats at St. Katherine\'s protectorate and their relation to some ecological and biological factors that might possibly influence parasite load were investigated. Faecal samples from 164 goats, housed in three different sites during two seasons, (Aug-Sept 2001 and Jan-Feb 2002) were examined for egg or oocyst numbers per gram (EPG or OPG) as indices of parasite load. Nematodirus sp. (Nematoda) and Eimeria sp. (coccidian protozoa) were the dominant intestinal parasites. Only few cases showed high EPG (>200) or OPG (>500) while others showed subclinical levels of infection. Marked seasonal variations were observed, higher in Aug-Sept (dry season) than in Jan-Feb (wet season). There were significant differences among sites, perhaps caused by many factors including site topography, feeding habits, diet or health status. OPG increased dramatically in ungrazed and EPG increased in grazed goats. OPG was affected by sex, age class and female status but this was not the case for EPG. There was a significant correlation between OPG and host size. We conclude that differences in parasite loads are determined by both environmental and biological factors. KEY WORDS: goats, Nematodirus, Eimeria , season, site, food, sex, age. Egyptian Journal of Botany Vol.5 2003: 78-85

Intestinal parasites found in the research group of mountain gorillas in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda: preliminary results.

Mountain gorillas (Gorilla gorilla beringei) are critically endangered, remaining only in two isolated populations in Central Africa. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and intensity of intestinal parasites in a single group of mountain gorillas in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda over 7 weeks from June to August 2000. Fecal samples were collected from night nests and transported in formalin for examination at Cornell University and the Centers for Disease Control. All fecal samples were examined microscopically for parasitic larvae, cysts, and eggs. The following were found: strongylid eggs, Probstymaria sp. larvae, and two parasitic nematode larvae that were not identified. Additional examination techniques will be used to further examine the fecal material specifically for protozoan cysts. An increasing threat to this group of gorillas is the presence of local field assistants and researchers. We found no evidence of human parasites in the fecal samples from this gorilla group.

The prevalence and intensity of intestinal parasites in two Somalian communities

About 85% of the population of two Somali communities harboured soil-transmitted intestinal nematodes and/or protozoa. The commonest parasite (75% in the Lafoole institution and 59% in the Afgoye institution) was Trichuris trichiura. Mixed infections were common. The source of infection is contaminated fields around dwelling quarters, because of indiscriminate defaecation. One of the factors responsible for the higher incidence of hookworm in Lafoole (45%) compared with Afgoye (1·5%) may be the different soil character of the surrounding fields.