Intelligent Diagnosis Method Research Articles

A bearing data analysis based on kurtogram and deep learning sequence models

The condition monitoring of rotating machinery has been widely accepted by the industrial system for intelligent fault diagnosis to achieve sustainability, high performance and provide safety to workers. Therefore, in recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) and signal processing (SP) methods are operated collectively for fault diagnosis. The complex and hybrid input feature set are constructed using SP methods for AI-based fault diagnosis. Thus, over the years the numbers of features in the feature space are increasing to represent the various faults as well as fault severities, and also, different feature selection techniques are operated on feature space to determine the ideal features. Consequently, it is a challenging task to design the dominant feature set for distinguishing the type of defects. Also, the requirement of a number of features is changing due to various working conditions of rotating machinery. Therefore, a new intelligent diagnosis method for fault classification build on the kurtogram and sequence models (SM) of deep learning is proposed in this paper. The kurtogram is a comprehensive tool for providing well-defined information about defects by organizing frequency domain kurtosis values in order at each level. Thus the SM analyzes the kurtogram as sequential data for fault diagnosis and hence helps to eliminate the feature selection exercise for identifying the dominant features from feature space. The proposed method has examined using two vibration datasets of bearing. The result demonstrates that the proposed method has a promising performance and achieves decent fault classification accuracy in comparison with other methods.

A Novel Deep Learning Method for Intelligent Fault Diagnosis of Rotating Machinery Based on Improved CNN-SVM and Multichannel Data Fusion.

Intelligent fault diagnosis methods based on deep learning becomes a research hotspot in the fault diagnosis field. Automatically and accurately identifying the incipient micro-fault of rotating machinery, especially for fault orientations and severity degree, is still a major challenge in the field of intelligent fault diagnosis. The traditional fault diagnosis methods rely on the manual feature extraction of engineers with prior knowledge. To effectively identify an incipient fault in rotating machinery, this paper proposes a novel method, namely improved the convolutional neural network-support vector machine (CNN-SVM) method. This method improves the traditional convolutional neural network (CNN) model structure by introducing the global average pooling technology and SVM. Firstly, the temporal and spatial multichannel raw data from multiple sensors is directly input into the improved CNN-Softmax model for the training of the CNN model. Secondly, the improved CNN are used for extracting representative features from the raw fault data. Finally, the extracted sparse representative feature vectors are input into SVM for fault classification. The proposed method is applied to the diagnosis multichannel vibration signal monitoring data of a rolling bearing. The results confirm that the proposed method is more effective than other existing intelligence diagnosis methods including SVM, K-nearest neighbor, back-propagation neural network, deep BP neural network, and traditional CNN.

A Quantitative Intelligent Diagnosis Method for Early Weak Faults of Aviation High-speed Bearings

An intelligent diagnosis method based on support vector machine (SVM) is proposed to quantitatively diagnose early weak faults of high-speed aero-engine’s bearings. In order to achieve a better performance in contrast with conventional kernel function, a mixed kernel function is constructed and particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to optimize kernel coefficients and other parameters. Experimental raw data is preprocessed by sparse decomposition and reconstruction method to remove noise in original signals, which can provide effective and reliable samples for SVM. In order to verify the validity of the proposed method, experiments on different fault types with different defect sizes of high-speed bearings working at 30000rpm are carried out. The results show that the accuracy of the proposed method is greatly improved compared with traditional SVM. The proposed method can not only distinguish different types of failure but also distinguish different degrees of the same fault pattern, which achieves a quantitative intelligent diagnosis of early weak faults in aviation’s high-speed bearings.

An Intelligent Fault Diagnosis Method Using GRU Neural Network towards Sequential Data in Dynamic Processes

Intelligent fault diagnosis is a promising tool to deal with industrial big data due to its ability in rapidly and efficiently processing collected signals and providing accurate diagnosis results. In traditional static intelligent diagnosis methods, however, the correlation between sequential data is neglected, and the features of raw data cannot be effectively extracted. Therefore, this paper proposes a three-stage fault diagnosis method based on a gate recurrent unit (GRU) network. The raw data is divided into several sequence units by first using a moving horizon as the input of GRU. In this way, we can intercept the sequence to get information as needed. Then, the GRU deep network is established through batch normalization (BN) algorithm to extract the dynamic feature from the sequence units effectively. Finally, the softmax regression is employed to classify faults based on dynamic features. Thus, the diagnosis result is obtained with a probabilistic explanation. Two chemical processes validate the proposed method: Tennessee Eastman (TE) benchmark process as well as para-xylene (PX) oxidation process. In the case of TE, the diagnosis results demonstrate the proposed method is superior to conventional methods. Furthermore, in the case of PX oxidation, the result shows that the proposed method also has an exceptional effect with a little historical data.

Investigation of a multi-sensor data fusion technique for the fault diagnosis of gearboxes

Gearbox is the key functional unit in a mechanical transmission system. As its operating condition being complex and the interference transmitting from diverse paths, the vibration signals collected from an individual sensor may not provide a fully accurate description on the health condition of a gearbox. For this reason, a new method for fault diagnosis of gearboxes based on multi-sensor data fusion is presented in this paper. There are three main steps in this method. First, prior to feature extraction, two signal processing methods, i.e. the energy operator and time synchronous averaging, are applied to multi-sensor vibration signals to remove interference and highlight fault characteristic information, then the statistical features are extracted from both the raw and preprocessed signals to form an original feature set. Second, a coupled feature selection scheme combining the distance evaluation technique and max-relevance and min-redundancy is carried out to obtain an optimal feature set. Finally, the deep belief network, a novel intelligent diagnosis method with a deep architecture, is applied to identify different gearbox health conditions. As the multi-sensor data fusion technique is utilized to provide sufficient and complementary information for fault diagnosis, this method holds the potential to overcome the shortcomings from an individual sensor that may not accurately describe the health conditions of gearboxes. Ten different gearbox health conditions are simulated to validate the performance of the proposed method. The results confirm the superiority of the proposed method in gearbox fault diagnosis.

General normalized sparse filtering: A novel unsupervised learning method for rotating machinery fault diagnosis

Abstract In the era of data deluge, “big data” generated by mechanical equipment creates higher requirements for the field of mechanical fault diagnosis. Intelligent diagnosis methods have become a new focus for researchers. Deep learning-based intelligent diagnosis method for health monitoring is a promising tool that can get rid of the dependence of prior signal processing knowledge and diagnostic experience. In this paper, a novel unsupervised learning method called general normalized sparse filtering (GNSF) is proposed for intelligent fault diagnosis. The proposed algorithm realizes the feature sparsity measurement by optimizing the objective function based on the generalized l r - p / q norm of the feature matrix. The characteristic of the generalized l r - p / q norm as sparsity measure is discussed. Based on GNSF, a new intelligent fault diagnosis method is designed and applied on rolling bearing and planetary gear fault diagnosis under complex working conditions. The verification results confirm that the proposed method is a promising tool that can obtain higher diagnosis efficiency and accuracy with fewer training samples and has much better robustness than the previous methods.

Research on intelligent assistant diagnosis method of CT image for lung nodule based on mobile computing

Research on intelligent assistant diagnosis method of CT image for lung nodule based on mobile computing

Research on intelligent assistant diagnosis method of CT image for lung nodule based on mobile computing

Mobile computing techniques have facilitated our life greatly, but it is rarely used in medical computing. The automatic diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules is of great significance for the further treatment of patients. Therefore, taking the three-dimensional nature of clinical pulmonary nodules into account, in a mobile computing environment, an algorithm that combines three-dimensional deep and visual features (CTDDV) is proposed to achieve the classification of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules. In the new framework, deep features, visual features as well as shape descriptors were extracted using different three-dimensional algorithms. Then, Multiple Kernel Adaboost (MKAdaboost) classifiers were trained for each type of feature, and the results of the three classifiers were combined to distinguish lung nodules. We compared the four most advanced nodule classification methods on the LIDC-IDRI dataset. The results showed that our proposed CTDDV algorithm has achieved higher classification performance.

Fault Diagnosis of Rotating Machinery Based on Combination of Deep Belief Network and One-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network

The traditional intelligent diagnosis methods of rotating machinery generally require feature extraction of the raw signals in advance. However, it is a very time-consuming and laborious process for extracting the sensitive feature information to improve classification performance. Deep learning method, as a novel machine learning approach, can simultaneously achieve feature extraction and pattern classification. With the characteristics of Deep Belief Network (DBN) and one-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1D-CNN) (e.g. learning complex nonlinear, sparse connection and weight sharing), a precise diagnosis method based on the combination of DBN and 1D-CNN is proposed. Firstly, the DBN composed of three pre-trained restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) is constructed to achieve feature extraction and dimensionality reduction of the high-dimensional raw data. Secondly, the low-dimensional features extracted by DBN are fed into 1D-CNN for further extracting the abstract features. Finally, Soft-max classifier is employed to identify different operating conditions of rotating machinery. The superiority of the proposed method is validated by comparison with several state-of-the art fault diagnosis methods on two experimental cases. Meanwhile, the proposed method is tested in different background noises and on the imbalanced datasets. The results show that it has higher efficiency and accuracy than the state-of-the art fault diagnosis methods.

Fault Diagnosis of Induction Motors Using Recurrence Quantification Analysis and LSTM with Weighted BN

Motor fault diagnosis has gained much attention from academic research and industry to guarantee motor reliability. Generally, there exist two major approaches in the feature engineering for motor fault diagnosis: (1) traditional feature learning, which heavily depends on manual feature extraction, is often unable to discover the important underlying representations of faulty motors; (2) state‐of‐the‐art deep learning techniques, which have somewhat improved diagnostic performance, while the intrinsic characteristics of black box and the lack of domain expertise have limited the further improvement. To cover those shortcomings, in this paper, two manual feature learning approaches are embedded into a deep learning algorithm, and thus, a novel fault diagnosis framework is proposed for three‐phase induction motors with a hybrid feature learning method, which combines empirical statistical parameters, recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) and long short‐term memory (LSTM) neural network. In addition, weighted batch normalization (BN), a modification of BN, is designed to evaluate the contributions of the three feature learning approaches. The proposed method was experimentally demonstrated by carrying out the tests of 8 induction motors with 8 different faulty types. Results show that compared with other popular intelligent diagnosis methods, the proposed method achieves the highest diagnostic accuracy in both the original dataset and the noised dataset. It also verifies that RQA can play a bigger role in real‐world applications for its excellent performance in dealing with the noised signals.

Intelligent diagnosis method for machinery by sequential auto-reorganization of histogram

This paper proposes an intelligent sequential diagnosis method for plant machinery using statistical filter (SF), signal histogram and genetic programming (GP). The SF is used to cancel noise from the measured vibration signal for raising the accuracy of fault diagnosis. Since the vibration signal measured for the condition diagnosis conforms to various probability distributions, histograms are used to reflect the signal features instead of the conventional symptom parameters (SPs). Then, the genetic programming (GP) is used to generate new variables termed “integrated symptom parameters” (GP-ISPs) from the histogram. GP-ISPs obtained by the auto-reorganized histogram can reflect features and raise the sensitivity of the fault diagnosis by the greatest amount possible. Furthermore, a sequential diagnosis algorithm using GP-ISPs is also proposed to realize precise diagnosis for distinguishing fault types. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by applying it to the fault diagnosis of a centrifugal blower. The proposed method has wide applicability and is practical in the field of machinery fault diagnosis.

퍼지 로직과 인공신경망을 이용한 자동차용 연료전지 스택의 지능형 진단방법 개발

퍼지 로직과 인공신경망을 이용한 자동차용 연료전지 스택의 지능형 진단방법 개발

Research on the intelligent diagnosis method of the server based on thermal image technology

Balancing the uneven temperature distribution of data centers can reduce cooling energy consumption significantly, as the overheated surface of servers is one of the root causes of the uneven distribution. This paper presents a method for intelligently diagnosing server operating status based on the heat distribution of the server surface. Five types of server operation can be diagnosed: normal status, main fan failure, vice-fan failure, air vent blockage and low-load status. The method involves signal processing and pattern recognition techniques such as thermal image enhancement, region segmentation and image classification. First, thermal images of server outlets in running status are captured as data; second, the images are preprocessed for standardization; third, after homomorphic filtering enhancement, the images are subjected to one-dimensional maximum entropy segmentation to obtain server hotspot images; fourth, morphological features, texture features and statistical features are extracted from hotspot images; finally, the server status is diagnosed by a support vector machine.Experiment results show that the method achieves a diagnosis accuracy of 91.111%. This method can solve the problem of uneven heat distribution in data centers effectively.

A new subset based deep feature learning method for intelligent fault diagnosis of bearing

Intelligent fault diagnosis has attracted considerable attention due to its ability in effectively processing massive data and rapidly providing diagnosis results. However, in the traditional intelligent diagnosis methods of bearing, features are extracted manually. Such process is not only a grueling and time-consuming work but also greatly affects the diagnosis results. In this study, we propose a new intelligent diagnosis method of bearing, which can learn features automatically. First, a new subset approach is developed and it is helpful to learn the discriminative features from different fault patterns. Second, a subset based deep auto-encoder (SBTDA) model is proposed to realize the automatic feature extraction. Additionally, a new self-adaptive fine-tuning operation is designed to ensure the good convergence performance of SBTDA. Finally, to obtain the appropriate configuration, several key parameters are optimized with particle swarm optimization algorithm. The proposed method is evaluated on three public bearing datasets, and achieves the average testing accuracies of 99.65%, 99.66% and 99.60% respectively. The comparisons with 13 intelligent diagnosis methods demonstrate that SBTDA can obtain higher diagnosis accuracy.

Quantitative and Intelligent Diagnosis Method of Hip Dislocation Based on 3D-CT Images

Quantitative and Intelligent Diagnosis Method of Hip Dislocation Based on 3D-CT Images

Uncertain fault diagnosis problem using neuro-fuzzy approach and probabilistic model for manufacturing systems

This paper is concerned with fault detection and diagnosis problem in manufacturing systems. In such industrial environment, production systems are subject to several faults caused by a number of factors including the environment, the accumulated wearing, usage, etc. However, due to the lack of accuracy or fluctuation of data, it is oftentimes impossible to evaluate precisely the correct classification rate of faults. In order to classify each type of fault, neural networks and fuzzy logic are two different intelligent diagnosis methods that are more applied now, and each has its own advantages and disadvantages. A new hybrid fault diagnosis approach is introduced in this paper that considers the combined learning algorithm and knowledge base (Fuzzy rules) to handle ambiguous and even erroneous information. Therefore, to enhance the classification accuracy, three perceptron models including: linear perceptron (LP), multilayer perceptron (MLP) and fuzzy perceptron (FP) have been respectively established and compared. The conditional risk function “PDF” that measures the expectation of loss when taking an action is presented at the same time. We evaluate the proposed hybrid approach “Variable Learning Rate Gradient Descent with Bayes’ Maximum Likelihood formula” VLRGD-BML on dataset of milk pasteurization process and compare our approach with other similar published works for fault diagnosis in the literature. Comparative results indicate the higher efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed approach with fuzzy perceptron for uncertain fault diagnosis problem.

Intelligent Bearing Fault Diagnosis Method Combining Compressed Data Acquisition and Deep Learning

Effective intelligent fault diagnosis has long been a research focus on the condition monitoring of rotary machinery systems. Traditionally, time-domain vibration-based fault diagnosis has some deficiencies, such as complex computation of feature vectors, excessive dependence on prior knowledge and diagnostic expertise, and limited capacity for learning complex relationships in fault signals. Furthermore, following the increase in condition data, how to promptly process the massive fault data and automatically provide accurate diagnosis has become an urgent need to solve. Inspired by the idea of compressed sensing and deep learning, a novel intelligent diagnosis method is proposed for fault identification of rotating machines. In this paper, a nonlinear projection is applied to achieve the compressed acquisition, which not only reduces the amount of measured data that contained all the information of faults but also realizes the automatic feature extraction in transform domain. For exploring the discrimination hidden in the acquired data, a stacked sparse autoencoders-based deep neural network is established and performed with an unsupervised learning procedure followed by a supervised fine-tuning process. We studied the significance of compressed acquisition and provided the effects of key factors and comparison with traditional methods. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using data sets from rolling element bearings and the analysis shows that it is able to obtain high diagnotic accuracies and is superior to the existing methods. The proposed method reduces the need of human labor and expertise and provides new strategy to handle the massive data more easily.

Intelligent Operation and Maintenance of Micro-grid Technology and System Development

In order to achieve the micro-grid operation and management, Studying the micro-grid operation and maintenance knowledge base. Based on the advanced Petri net theory, the fault diagnosis model of micro-grid is established, and the intelligent diagnosis and analysis method of micro-grid fault is put forward. Based on the technology, the functional system and architecture of the intelligent operation and maintenance system of micro-grid are studied, and the microcomputer fault diagnosis function is introduced in detail. Finally, the system is deployed based on the micro-grid of a park, and the micro-grid fault diagnosis and analysis is carried out based on the micro-grid operation. The system operation and maintenance function interface is displayed, which verifies the correctness and reliability of the system.

基于深度卷积神经网络的宫颈细胞病理智能辅助诊断方法

基于深度卷积神经网络的宫颈细胞病理智能辅助诊断方法

Intelligent Diagnosis Method of Diesel Engine based on Fast Online Support Tensor Machine

Intelligent Diagnosis Method of Diesel Engine based on Fast Online Support Tensor Machine