Intellectual Decision Research Articles

A Study of Farmers’ Behavior in Classifying Domestic Waste Based on the Participants Intellectual Decision Model

The farmers’ deep participation in the classification of domestic waste plays a crucial role in reducing the amount of waste out of the village from the source, lowering the cost of waste treatment, and realizing the sustainable development of rural waste resocialization, reduction, and harmlessness. This paper aims to identify the key factors and logical structure that influence the farmers’ behavior in classifying domestic waste and provide recommendations for improving it. Based on the Participants’ Intellectual Decision (PID) Model, we constructed a theoretical analysis framework for farmers’ decision-making on domestic waste classification, and the PID model was further extended by combining with the practice of rural domestic waste management in China and proposing the research hypothesis that factors, such as community attributes, rules of operation, the status of the participants, and the situation of external actions, have a significant impact on the farmers’ behavior in classifying domestic waste. Empirical analyses were carried out with the help of the ordered logistic model and the DEMATEL-ISM using 939 research data of farmers in Jiangsu and Gansu provinces of China. The results show the following: (1) classification of domestic waste by farmers in the sample area was predominantly unclassified (34.40%) and two-classified (40.58%); (2) 17 factors, including regional disparity, Party affiliation, organizational support perception, environmental emotions, conscious governance attitudes, trust in village cadres, social reference norms, and expected outcomes, have a significant impact on the farmers’ behavior in classifying domestic waste; (3) trust in village cadres, organizational support perception, and environmental emotion are superficial direct factors; incentive measures, fee level, waste transport situation, difficulty perception, self-consciousness perception, social reference norms, and expected outcomes are middle indirect factors; whether or not it is a demonstration village, Party membership and regional disparity are deep root factors affecting farmers to classify their domestic waste.

Exploring through Freudian’s psychoanalysis, the impact of ID, Ego, and Superego on Amir’s transformation in the novel the kite runner

This research work provides an in-depth psychoanalytic investigation of Amir’s character in the novel, The Kite Runner by Khalid Hosseini through the lens of Sigmund Freud’s tripartite model of personality structure. It delves deeply into the analysis of how Amir's character undergoes changes and adapts to various life situation by delving into his instinctive desire, intellectual decision making, as well as internal sense of morality. The study emphasizes how Amir’s actions, choices, and emotions are influenced by the three elements found in Sigmund Freud’s theory. This would furthermore, would shed light on Amir’s ongoing struggle regarding his quest for immediate pleasure, rationality, and ethical standards. Thus, this research exhibits an in-depth exploration of the protagonist's psychological journey and the themes of redemption, guilt, and self-discovery.

The Contribution of Scholarship of Teaching and Learning through Self-reflection and Knowledge Sharing

A people-centred approach placing value on humanity is at the core of numerous democratic-led governments, and educational institutions to solve socio-economic and environmental challenges facing civilisation. This paper explored the contribution of Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) in emphasising reflection and theories to enable people to improve teaching and learning and to reinforce the application of logic when addressing barriers confronting humanity. The purpose of this study was to examine the relevance of SoTL platforms using reflection and theories to improve the quality of teaching and learning by promoting intellectual and ethical virtues in human interactions. Qualitative data was generated from literature and a purposively sampled respondent group of twelve lecturers in one of the South African universities. Interviews were conducted by using an interview schedule questionnaire whilst data collected was categorised and analysed into themes. The findings revealed that SoTL encourages knowledge sharing and inspires academics to reflect on their practice by answering some of the questions that hinder effective teaching and learning and its snowball effect on improved human interactions in general. Answering complex questions relating to teaching and learning requires all parties beyond borders to share ideas, reflect, think critically, engage in research, and apply relevant theories that embed values that inform human interactions. The implication is that SoTL discourse can eliminate the silo and irrational ways of solving problems by employing inquiry and critical reflective strategies to stimulate reasoning and restore values that position humanity at the centre of governments and all human interactions. Therefore, SoTL approaches can foster intellectual decisions that can sustain the upholding of ethics and intellectual virtues and advance human dignity. Keywords: Humanity, Reflection, Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, Theories

Analysis of Multimodal Data in Project Management: Prospects for Using Machine Learning

The modern project environment is characterized by high complexity, uncertainty, speed and depth of changes that affect the project during its life cycle. However, the project’s change management processes do not take into account the need to implement analytical procedures for dynamic processing of multimodal data arrays. The purpose of the study is to determine the content of analytical procedures for project management and substantiate the use of machine learning technologies for their effective implementation. The methodological basis was project management methods, theory of change, concepts of artificial intelligence and machine learning, as well as analytical approaches. Methods of descriptive modeling of the project management process and expert assessments of the prospects for using machine learning technologies were also used in the work. The information base was made up of scientific materials on the topic under consideration, as well as expert assessments. The results of the study allowed us to conclude that for the analysis of multimodal data, natural language processing and intellectual decision support technologies are most in demand, which can serve as the basis for new technological solutions in the field of project management.

Development of Intellectual Decision Making System for Logistic Business Process Management

Development of Intellectual Decision Making System for Logistic Business Process Management

Novel hybrid generative adversarial network for synthesizing image from sketch

In the area of sketch-based image retrieval process, there is a potential difference between retrieving the match images from defined dataset and constructing the synthesized image. The former process is quite easier while the latter process requires more faster, accurate, and intellectual decision making by the processor. After reviewing open-end research problems from existing approaches, the proposed scheme introduces a computational framework of hybrid generative adversarial network (GAN) as a solution to address the identified research problem. The model takes the input of query image which is processed by generator module running 3 different deep learning modes of ResNet, MobileNet, and U-Net. The discriminator module processes the input of real images as well as output from generator. With a novel interactive communication between generator and discriminator, the proposed model offers optimal retrieval performance along with an inclusion of optimizer. The study outcome shows significant performance improvement.

Methods and models of organization and processing of data and knowledge in an intelligent decision support system for the identification of cultural values

The problem of developing an intellectual decision support system for the identification of cultural values (on the basis of works of art), the issue of choosing and justifying methods and tools for its construction is considered. Methods of research and construction of complex objects, prospects of using similar systems based on modern artificial neural networks as a tool for developing an intelligent decision support system are considered. Considerable attention is paid to the issues of methods of automatic identification and classification of works of art, as the main elements of an intelligent decision support system. Prospects and ways of further research and use of this subject area are also defined.

An Intellectual Decision System for Classification of Mental Health Illness on Social Media using Computational Intelligence Approach

Despite the advantages, the significant increase in the use of social media has also reflected in causing various health consequences. Social media provides a platform for people to directly express their emotions about the products they buy and also make suggestions. As a result of this, the social media users are facing more decision-making challenges. The emotions obtained from social media are based on polarity ranking, but this measurement of emotions is insufficient in real-time. A novel model should be designed in such a way that it correctly categorizes the human emotions via social media. This research work has attempted to predict the human emotions based on their social media posts, comments, and so on. Here, the machine learning algorithms are used to intelligently classify the human emotions and provide a better decision-making model.

Legal recognition of artificial intelligence technologies in the context of the constitutional values of the Russian state

The purpose of the article is to form approaches to the public legal regulation of artificial intelligence technologies. The subject of the work is the social relations that have developed in the field of legal registration of modern digital technologies of "weak" artificial intelligence - computer vision, natural language processing, speech recognition and synthesis, as well as intellectual decision support. The relevance of the research is determined by the need to bring the content of legal acts in line with the current level of information technology development. The work is based on a combination of general philosophical, general scientific and special methods of cognition – concrete historical analysis, formal legal (dogmatic) method, as well as the method of comparative jurisprudence. The author criticizes the anthropomorphic approach to understanding artificial intelligence, based on the analogy of technology with the human mind, implemented in the terminological apparatus of existing legal acts. It is proposed to limit the legal interpretation of artificial intelligence to a set of specific information technologies that can be used by a person in solving applied problems. The analysis of possible directions of constitutional and legal recognition of artificial intelligence technologies and the legal consequences of their influence on the implementation of the constitutional values of equality and privacy is carried out. The argumentation in favor of a combination of social and technical regulation of relations in the field of application of artificial intelligence technologies is proposed.

КОНСТРУЮВАННЯ ТА РЕАЛІЗАЦІЯ ПОЛІТИКИ ІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ В УКРАЇНІ У 2022–2030 РОКАХ: АНАЛІЗ ТА ПРОГНОСТИЧНА МОДЕЛЬ

The principles and content of identity policy are defined, including the main functions, subjects and areas of implementation, as well as processes and instruments of identity policy. The state of affairs in the field of identity policy for 2023 is analyzed in the main environments of its implementation — discourses of communities, institutions, regulatory documents and external representation. In the discourse of regulatory documents, a hierarchical system of regulatory acts is currently being formed, aimed at the formation and implementation of state policy in the sphere of establishing Ukrainian national identity as a component of ensuring Ukraine’s national security. At the same time, the next aspect of regulatory regulation should be the «construct» — the fixation of valuable and principled elements of Ukrainian national identity as the consequences of intellectual decisions, social consensus, discursive practices, behavioral practices, and cultural traditions. The visionary model of Ukrainian national identity and the visionary model of identity policy in Ukraine are proposed in the perspective of 2030. The key problems that need to be solved in order to achieve the desired results in the field of identity politics are identified.

A Theoretical Study on the Origins of Character Education－Focused on Plato, Montaigne, and Locke

The purpose of this paper is a theoretical study on the origins of ‘character education’. Since the late 2010s, the number of cases of ‘character education’ being opened and operated in the liberal arts curriculum of domestic universities has increased. However, confusion occurred because neither the identity nor the role in the area of character education were not clearly established. Eventually, a situation arose in which opinions became divided among those in charge of liberal arts education over maintaining character education in the liberal arts curriculum. This is the reason why it is necessary to theoretically explore the meaning and role of emotional, social, and physical experience education in higher education. In particular, it is necessary to shed light on the meaning and role of character education regarding educational theory, which has laid the foundation of the modern education system.</br>This paper examines the meaning and role of ‘character education’ in the education theory of Plato, Montaigne, and Locke. These three thinkers were selected for analysis because they not only present educational content corresponding to character education in educational theory, but are also representative figures of the educational discourse that emerged at an important turning point in human civilization. Plato was the first to present the seven liberal arts subjects that are considered the prototype of modern liberal arts education. Thus, a review of his criteria is in order since he was the first person to systematize the necessity and system of education. Montaigne is a good example of the European intellectuals’ perspective on education during the Renaissance, and his work <i>The Complete Essays</i> had a great influence on Locke’s and Rousseau’s theory of education. For this reason, it is necessary to examine the meaning and content of character education in the period of the establishment of the modern educational ideology through Montaigne. Locke laid an important foundation for modern educational theory through his work <i>Some Thoughts Concerning Education</i>, famous for the phrase “a healthy mind in a healthy body”. In particular, Locke needs to be analyzed since his emphasis on the need for character education, including physical education, is clearly displayed.</br>As a result of examining the meaning and role of character education in Plato, Montagne, and Locke’s educational theory, three meanings can be derived. First, character education is intended to ‘control desires and practice rational or intellectual decisions through actions’. We can say that it contains the meaning of educating the mind and body in a balanced way as the two parts that constitute a human being, as well as addresses concerns about the question of ‘how can we put knowledge into action?’ Second, character education constitutes ‘a part of the entire curriculum along with knowledge-based subjects’. Plato, Montaigne, and Locke all view excellence, virtue, and the cultivation of virtue as the goal of education. This goal is a holistic goal that can be achieved by conducting knowledge education and character education together. We cannot say that knowledge-based education develops only the faculty of reason, or that character education develops only character or virtue. Third, character education may seem secondary to knowledge-based subject education, but it seems to have ‘its own unique role and identity’. In Plato's educational theory, character education mainly plays a unique role in bringing passion to the table, which is a part of the soul, together with reason. The solidity and ability to experience joy through character education that Montaigne said are preparations for the joy and suffering of our lives. Montaigne also says that character education is more important and difficult to learn than any other discipline, as it is ‘the study of the way to live well’. In Locke, character education is divided into physical training-based subjects and subjects for rest. Locke believes that physical skills such as manners are more important than knowledge in social life, and argues that the key to life is achieving balance and harmony between intellectual activities such as learning and rest.

Searching for health information for academic and clinical purposes: possibilities and challenges

Studies in different countries indicate that students and health professionals have difficulties in seeking scientific information for academic and clinical use. This article aims to present the main intellectual stages of information search for clinical and academic purposes, as well as the possibilities and challenges that arise in each of the stages. We used a descriptive qualitative design based on a selective literature review, presentation of practical examples and some solutions to doubts related to health information seeking. The following stages of information search were presented: defining what the researcher wants to know; transforming the PICO research question into a database search strategy; defining where to search for the information; sources used in the health field for clinical and/or academic purposes. The process of information search demands specific intellectual decisions for each clinical or research situation. Therefore, just following information search manuals may not be enough to achieve a satisfactory result. It is necessary to bring to the level of consciousness the objectives of the search, the choice of sources, and the selection of the best information to answer the initial research question.

On the Risks of Ethical Decision-Making from the History of the Political Thought

Introduction: We are interested in the theoretical considerations of the actual pragmatic questions about ethical worldview meaning of understanding of the innovation dealings world, the nature of its conceptual risk dilemmas and problems and sententious thinking in the sphere of political business industry. Our viewpoint is dedicated to the most important aspects of the essence and peculiarities of the social moral standards of innovation approaches in the context of a political solution through methodology of modern mental technology - especially: cognitive methods with gnostic wisdom research and utilitarian creative knowledge and axiological methodology with overestimation ethical values and demonstrating intellectual concepts. Into the framework of the main goal of the research are reviewed the basic theoretical paradigms on the background of ethical worldview analysis (through comparative historical technique of thinking) of the leading-edge conceptual theories of the famous contemporary Russian, American and European thinkers. The purpose of the article is to prove, substantiate and confirm the following thesis. In order for the ethical of timely paroemiac responsibility and political freedom to be able to fulfill its axiological tasks, it is necessary to reach some worldview ideas: ??to create an universal model of moral consciousness and high valuable behavior; overcome mental and sociocultural biases regarding the debatable assessment of the convincingness of events and determine the relevant logical reaction of society not only to a certain risk of eatable technical thinking, but also to uncertainty regarding their intellectual decision in relation to approved ethical, operational, empirical and principled notions, proposals, expression views and suggestions. The results. Scientific conceptual alternatives of optimization of practical and urgent ethical valuable dilemmas are given. The issues of the possibility of formation of a worldview system through practical ethical requirements that standard regulates the reactionary politics of intellectual reality to probabilistic hazards are discussed. The ethical standards of universal prohibitions, the moral responsibility of human nature and the ethics of virtue make a conflict of social and political interests through insurmountable cognitive, discussible, reviewable and discursive difficulties are demonstratively shown. Conclusions. Taking into dominant the essence of the main backgrounds of the existential specific theoretical approaches for worldview methods solving moral political problems is integrated some innovation decisions through valuable considerations. The fundamental ethical concepts of utilitarian thought of historical reminiscences synthesize the possibility problematic circumstances into the logical model of making morally important and useful decisions much easier are analyzed, but through in the valuating pragmatic context needs a main transformation in mental formation of ideological metric and social-political structure. Keywords: ethical worldview decision, political industry, innovation approaches, moral values, mental technologies, risk decision methods, conceptual risk dilemmas.

On the experience of health professionals’ information competence formation in the framework of continuing professional education

Immediacy of such a problem as health professionals’ information competence formation is due to the necessity of continuing improvement of pedagogical approaches, methods and technologies of educating medical staff how to use information technologies in their professional activity to provide for their correspondence to the stable and outrunning level of society development in the process of education and healthcare digital transformation. The article aims at the formation of methodological approaches to the pedagogical process studying the use of information technologies in the framework of post-graduate continuing education of health professionals taking into account their professional requirements and work specifics. The leading method of the problem study is the method of involved observation that enabled to make authentic comparison and analyze inquiries of 349 professionals attending the courses of continuing education. The article shows that the applied pedagogical approaches and methods have to correspond to the modern level of information technologies and digital education development, characterized by qualitative changes in the technologies that process and transfer data and widely use the intellectual decision making systems. It states the results obtained in the practical implementation of the offered theoretical and methodological approaches to the process of health professionals’ information competence formation. This results in the developed complex of methodological approaches to teaching information technologies at the general scientific, specific scientific and method and technological levels enabling the formation of health professionals’ information competence. The article can be useful for students and teachers of pedagogical universities, teachers of medical universities and institutions involved in health professionals’ continuing education.

Economic intelligence in the system of international economic relations: characteristics of the current situation and problems of development

The object of research is economic intelligence in the system of international economic relations. The paper presents the author's position on the objective conditions for the dynamic development of economic Intelligence. The authors reasonably substantive definition of the categories «economic intelligence» and «business intelligence» as such, which are synonymous categories. An objective factor in the intensive development of economic Intelligence is the demand of the world community for the development of the digital economy. The world's leading states have announced the transition to a digital economy. One of the most problematic areas of the digitalization process is the problem of training personnel capable of using software and hardware integrated into the world's Business Intelligence systems (BI systems). In the future, the authors see the elimination of this problem in the establishment of the training of intelligent, competent specialists. These specialists must have the ability to analyze information and select the best solutions. They must be ready to use the tools of the world's BI systems. Have all theoretical and practical skills that will enable them to make the right intellectual management decisions in the daily life of their companies. In the course of the study, data from the analysis of a large range of scientific literature and WEB-resources related to the object of study were used. The authors propose a matrix chronological reflection of the evolutionary path of development of BI-systems in the international market of information services in the first twenty years of the XXI century. The authors compared evolutionary trends in the first and second decades of the 21st century. The comparative analysis indicated an increase in the intensity of the development of the world business intelligence market in the second decade. To prove the correctness of the results obtained, the authors cite digital data from world statistics, which testify in favor of the author's research. Thus, both the author's comparative qualitative analysis and the quantitative assessments of world analysts gave the same logical conclusion.

Auditors’ Wise Tactfulness in Professional Judgments by Total Interpretive Structural Modeling (TISM)

Since the auditing profession is a process engaged in judgment activities, knowing the reasoning concepts to achieve a level of rationale in audit judgment is the theoretical and fundamental concept in this profession. In this regard, tactfulness is one of the decision-making components in an auditor's judgment that assigns a level of reasoning for making an intellectual decision and promotes the level of judgment quality in auditing. Accordingly, the purpose of this research is Auditors’ Wise Tactfulness in Professional Judgments by Total Interpretive Structural Modeling (TISM). The mixed-methods approach was used for the research in which, in the qualitative part, two experts population as panel members, and, in the quantitative part, 30 independent auditors as the statistical population participated. In the qualitative part, the meta-analysis approach was used to identify the themes related to wise tactfulness in professional judgment, and then, the basic themes selected were examined based on two criteria, concordance coefficient and average, in three rounds reciprocally until theoretical saturation was met. At this point, 14 themes were accepted among 20 basic themes. In the quantitative part, the themes accepted were coded first and then were distributed among the respective population, based on a matrix questionnaire, to identify the most effective trait of auditor's wise tactfulness in professional judgment using the Total Interpretive Structural Modeling approach. According to the results, the theme adherence to the principles of professional ethics as a basic theme of professional thinking was selected as the most influential trait of wise tactfulness.

Method of troubleshooting in the neural network environment of intellectual decision supporting systems

The issues of error detection in artificial neural networks are considered. They are related to conflicting opinions of experts and / or limited (imperfect) description of the subject area. Approaches to their debugging are analyzed. Ways to improve existing approaches to debugging errors such as “forget about exclusion” are shown. Possible ways of application of the received decisions for debugging of errors “intersection of critical events” are shown. A formalized definition of the error of the neural network intelligent system is proposed, taking into account the requirements for efficiency and accuracy of information presentation. The issues of the influence of incorrect organization of machine learning on the accuracy of classification of elements of the neural network intellectual system are considered. The possibility of applying network contrast methods at the preparatory stage for testing the knowledge base of the intelligent decision support system is proved. This reduces the likelihood of errors of this type for these systems. The classification and analysis of algorithms for sampling knowledge from an artificial neural network are given. It is shown that to detect these types of errors it is advisable to use a modified GLARE algorithm with the adaptation procedure. Block diagrams of algorithms for debugging the knowledge base of an intelligent decision support system using the obtained theoretical solutions are presented. The scheme of the organization of testing process on levels of detailing for integration and modular testing is offered. This approach can be used to implement testing processes of Agile methodology, in particular: Agile Modeling, Agile Unified Process, Agile Data Method, Essential Unified Process, Extreme Programming, Feature Driven Development, Getting Real, Open UP, Scrum, Kanban.

ХМАРНА АВТОМАТИЗОВАНА СИСТЕМА ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЇ ПІДТРИМКИ ПРИЙНЯТТЯ РІШЕНЬ ДЛЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ

Праця присвячена вирішенню завдання оптимізації технологічного процесу відновлення й зміцнення поверхонь валів зі сталі шляхом реалізації методу й узагальненої моделі ланцюга абстрактних технологічних процесів у вигляді хмарної автоматизованої системи інтелектуальної підтримки прийняття рішень. Означене дає можливість розв’язати задачу побудови оптимізованого ланцюга технологічного процесу відновлення й зміцнення поверхонь валів із вибором раціонального процесу серед альтернативних згідно з завданням. У роботі проаналізовано абстрактний технологічний процес, його властивості, методи переходу до конкретного технологічного процесу, інформаційну модель та методи її одержання, абстрактні експертні системи, формалізацію підмножини абстрактних експертних систем, рекомендаційних систем, а також розглянуто технологічні аспекти реалізації інтелектуальної підтримки прийняття рішень технологічного процесу як хмарного сервісу, перевірки відповідності реальних характеристик, властивостей, поведінки автоматизованої системи очікуваним.

Intellectual capital and firms' financing decisions in the European context: a panel data analysis

Intellectual capital and firms' financing decisions in the European context: a panel data analysis

Analysis on Improvement of Ownership Structure and Dividend—Take Apple as an Example

Equal equity is not a suitable pathway to control the corporations. For Apple Company, due to Jobs’ equal equity, the most important reason that he quitted his company is that at the first step of the company, he had the same shares as other members of the board, but he did not have the absolute control of his company. Also, after the corporation was listed, the shares have been diluted gradually. Losing the control right, Jobs cannot make wise decisions or seek for strategic chances to make a huge profit, when members of the board held diverse opinions. Therefore dual-class share structure and ownership systems are the better choice for founders and entrepreneurs to operate and control the company. Managers have absolute control of the corporations so that they could make intellectual decisions without disturbance and intervention. Companies, accumulating a large amount of money, could pay dividends to shareholders and buy stocks.