Dual Pentium Research Articles

Qcompiler: Quantum compilation with the CSD method

In this paper, we present a general quantum computation compiler, which maps any given quantum algorithm to a quantum circuit consisting a sequential set of elementary quantum logic gates based on recursive cosine–sine decomposition. The resulting quantum circuit diagram is provided by directly linking the package output written in LaTeX to Qcircuit.tex <http://www.cquic.org/Qcircuit >. We illustrate the use of the Qcompiler package through various examples with full details of the derived quantum circuits. Besides its accuracy, generality and simplicity, Qcompiler produces quantum circuits with significantly reduced number of gates when the systems under study have a high degree of symmetry. Program summaryProgram title: QcompilerCatalogue identifier: AENX_v1_0Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AENX_v1_0.htmlProgram obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen’s University, Belfast, N. IrelandLicensing provisions: Standard CPC licence, http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/licence/licence.htmlNo. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 4321No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 50943Distribution format: tar.gzProgramming language: Fortran.Computer: Any computer with a Fortran compiler.Operating system: Linux, Mac OS X 10.5 (and later).RAM: Depends on the size of the unitary matrix to be decomposedClassification: 4.15.External routines: Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/)Nature of problem:Decompose any given unitary operation into a quantum circuit with only elementary quantum logic gates.Solution method:This package decomposes an arbitrary unitary matrix, by applying the CSD algorithm recursively, into a series of block-diagonal matrices, which can then be readily associated with elementary quantum gates to form a quantum circuit.Restrictions:The only limitation is imposed by the available memory on the user’s computer.Additional comments:This package is applicable for any arbitrary unitary matrices, both real and complex. If the unitary matrix is real, its corresponding quantum circuit is much simpler, with only half the number of quantum gates in comparison with complex matrices of the same size.Running time:Memory and CPU time requirements depend critically on the size of the unitary matrix to be decomposed. Run-time is dominated by the recursive CSD. Most examples presented in this paper require a few minutes of CPU time on Intel Pentium Dual Core 2 Duo E2200 2.2 GHz.

Full Wave Solution for Intel CPU With a Heat Sink for EMC Investigations

A CPU with a heat sink (e.g. Intel Pentium 4 and Intel Pentium dual core) is a challenging problem for EMC analysis. A Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) device was modelled using the Finite Element Method (FEM) frequency domain solver to obtain a 3D full wave solution. The electromagnetic (EM) radiation emitted from these high power microelectronic circuits connected to a heat sink was found to have resonant frequencies around 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz with reflection coefficients less than -19 dB and -8 dB respectively. These resonant frequencies are very close to the operating frequency of both IEEE and Bluetooth wireless communication systems. This paper proposes a new benchmark model based on a dual core CPU and dual-source model.

Three‐dimensional reconstruction and visualization of the median nerve from serial tissue sections

The purpose of this study was to definitively implement the three-dimensional visualization of sensory and motor fascicles in the human median nerve by means of acetylcholinesterase (AChe) histochemical staining and under the assistance of the computer technology. One fresh human median nerve was harvested from a male adult cadaver. The median nerve was fixed at a special holder. Then, the whole holder was embedded and rapidly frozen in the liquid nitrogen. The processed median nerve was then cut coronally every 100 microm at a 20 microm thickness along its long axis in a sliding freezing microtome. The total number of sections was 4,650 slices. All sections were stained with the AChe histochemical method. The stained sections were scanned and saved as Joint Photographic Experts Group files. These images with positively and negatively stained sections were acquired to an Intel dual Pentium computer. The Adobe Photoshop CS2 software was used to compare the reference points of images before and after staining. The two-dimensional intraneural microstructure database of median nerve was then acquired. A software of 3D nerve visualization system was developed. With the 3D nerve visualization system, the 3D visualization result of intraneural microstructure of median nerve was created. The findings may provide more accurate and detailed anatomic information for nerve repairs, specifically for the fascicular nerve repairs. The 3D nerve visualization technique may have potential for future studies of topography of peripheral nerve. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2009.

Seven-O'clock: a new distributed GVT algorithm using network atomic operations

In this paper we introduce a new concept, Network Atomic Operations (NAOs) to create a zero-cost consistent cut. Using NAOs, we define a wall clock time driven Global Virtual Time (GVT) algorithm called The Seven O'clock GVT algorithm that is an extension of Fujimoto's shared memory GVT algorithm. Using this new GVT algorithm, we report good optimistic parallel performance on a cluster of Itanium-II quad processor systems as well as a dated cluster of 40 dual Pentium III systems for both benchmark applications such as PHOLD and real-world applications such as a large-scale TCP/IP internet model. In some cases, super-linear speedup is observed. The Seven O'clock GVT algorithm greatly simplifies processor synchronisation by creating a zero-cost 'consistent cut' across the distributed simulation.

The influence of various occlusal materials on stresses transferred to implant‐supported prostheses and supporting bone: A three‐dimensional finite‐element study

The aim of this numerical analysis was to evaluate the amount and localization of stress that occurs with various materials used in implant-crown design under functional forces. Computer-aided design techniques and a finite-element stress analysis method were used for evaluation. A 4.1 x 10-mm implant placed in the mandibular second premolar area was simulated and analyzed. Simulation and analysis were performed with the use of COSMOS/M software and Pro/Engineer 2000i on a Dual Pentium III 1-GHz computer. Crown designs were as follows: porcelain fused to noble metal crown, porcelain fused to base metal crown, In-Ceram porcelain crown, and IPS Empress 2 porcelain crown. A 300-N vertical force was applied to the centric relation stop points of the crowns. The results of this study indicated that different types of restorative materials play an important role in the amount and distribution of the stresses in the superstructure and the implant. The highest stress values were observed in the IPS Empress 2 porcelain crown design (600 MPa). Porcelain fused to base metal and In-Ceram framework designs transferred less stress to abutment. Type of restorative materials used in implant crown designs are significant factors in the amount and distribution of the stresses on superstructure and implant under functional forces. Porcelain fused to base metal (149 MPa) and In-Ceram (173 MPa) crown designs induced higher von Mises stress values within the framework than porcelain fused to noble metal (108 MPa) and IPS Empress 2 (119 MPa) porcelain crown designs.

Fast Parallel Algorithm for Polynomial Evaluation

We present a new efficient parallel algorithm for polynomial evaluation based on a previously introduced divide-and-conquer method for solving linear recurrence systems with constant coefficients, which is formulated in terms of the level 1 BLAS (Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms) routine AXPY. We also discuss its platform-independent implementation with OpenMP and finally present the results of experiments performed on a dual processor Pentium III computer running under Linux operating system with Altas as an efficient implementation of BLAS. The sequential version of the algorithm is up to three times faster than the Horner's scheme.

Efficient implementation of parallel three-dimensional FFT on clusters of PCs

In this paper, we propose a high-performance parallel three-dimensional fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm on clusters of PCs. The three-dimensional FFT algorithm can be altered into a block three-dimensional FFT algorithm to reduce the number of cache misses. We show that the block three-dimensional FFT algorithm improves performance by utilizing the cache memory effectively. We use the block three-dimensional FFT algorithm to implement the parallel three-dimensional FFT algorithm. We succeeded in obtaining performance of over 1.3 GFLOPS on an 8-node dual Pentium III 1 GHz PC SMP cluster.

Software portability gains realized with METAH and Ada95

MetaH is an Architecture Description Language (ADL) developed to express and evaluate the software architecture of avionics and flight control systems. It is intended for not only description and analysis, but also for integration of the software components on the specified embedded hardware. This automated composition to specification with glue code generation allows rapid development and evolution of real-time embedded mission and safety critical systems. It also provides very high portability in these complex systems for software application code across various execution environments. This is accomplished by leveraging language and O/S standards, minimizing component dependencies, and by constructing component timing relationships to specification across differing execution platforms.This paper describes MetaH and provides the results of porting a highly time sensitive application across significantly different embedded hardware/software execution environments. We initially developed a reusable MetaH specification for missile architectures, populated it with software components reengineered from a production missile system, and executed it on single and dual i80960MC target configurations. We then retargeted this application to single and dual Pentium target configurations; and to a single PowerPC configuration. We compare the costs of these exercises with estimated costs to do the same tasks using traditional methods.In each of these cases the high portability and supported functionality of Ada95 was a significant enabler. Current trends say that future avionics systems and perhaps other safety critical applications will require space and time partitioning. Should Ada95 and the Ravenscar profile support these capabilities?

P159Three‐dimensional ultrasound reconstruction and telemedicine. Image analysis

BackgroundIn the present study the 3D US images reconstruction is combined with the distant consultation through internet or through an ISDN line.MethodTrial consists of explorations done during 1999/2000 in our US unit at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department. The equipment is integrated by: a standard Aloka‐SSD 680 ultrasound device, a Dual Pentium II workstation with 256 Mb RAM memory and Windows NT operative system, a falcon framegrabber board, and the TeleInvivo 3D reconstruction and teleconsultation software by MEDCOM.Echograph images are acquired by the workstation through a falcon digitising board, and the TeleInVivo software generates a 3D volume. These volumes can be sent to a remote host via internet or via an ISDN line, allowing an on‐line teleconsultation and telediagnosis.ResultsDuring the trial we made 149 teleconsultations of different pathologies. 3d reconstruction was time consuming (20 min to 4 h) and of a limited diagnostic value, but of future relevance to reduce patient multiple explorations due image constraints such as sub optimal foetal position among others. The final volumes are sent wavelet lossless compressed through internet or an ISDN line, and for a normal size of 1.5 MB the time consuming is from 4 to 8 min to be transmitted.ConclusionThe use of internet or an ISDN line is a fast method for sending and consulting 3D ultrasound images, and it is possible due to the selected volume rendering techniques that provide an effective compression of the original data.

Computer-enhanced multispectral remote sensing data: a useful tool for the geological mapping of Archean terrains in (semi)arid environments

Computer-based remote sensing techniques offer a unique chance to analyze and map the surface geology of remote arid environments in a relatively short time and at low costs. On the basis of multispectral Landsat TM 5, panchromatic SPOT and aerial image scanning data, the lithological and structural characteristics of a part of the Archean Pilbara granite-greenstone terrain (3.5–2.8 Ga) in Western Australia have been analyzed by using complex mathematical image enhancement techniques. The application of a sophisticated image processing software on an adequate PC (Dual Pentium II, 300 MHz) was necessary for the file management of the datasets, the calculation of TM data ratios ( R), principal components (PC) and selected color composites (CC) which have been found more appropriate for the geological interpretation at a regional scale. These low resolution, but multispectral data (e.g. color composites) have been merged with high resolution panchromatic images to obtain new, high resolution images without loss of multispectral information. The interpretation of the new data contribute to a more detailed geological mapping of selected test sites which was studied during a field campaign in 1997.

Innovations in Computer Imaging

Digital imaging and recent advances in computer software and hardware provide the medical industry with a new technology for archiving photos without film and assessing patients' expectations before surgery to make sure patients receive the results they expect. Hardware advances such as the instant-access digital video capture board, advanced digital video/still cameras, and dual Pentium processors allow complex photos to be manipulated quickly so that doctors can point out subtle changes in a patient's image and realistically create end results on a screen before beginning a surgical procedure, allowing the doctor to bring the client's expectations in line with real surgical potential. Other advantages of digital imaging over traditional photography and sketching include the elimination of photo degradation over time, a lessened need for printing with the use of an on-screen image, and a limitless file room for photo storage.