Integration Of Scientific Knowledge Research Articles

Rescuing local knowledge with regards to soil management and fertility in the Amazon Region of Ecuador

Sustainable soil management methods that consider farmers' needs and soil conservation, require the integration of scientific knowledge and farming practices. Therefore, this study has asked a. How do farmers perceive fertility indicators in relation to their management in agriculture? b. What strategies do small farmers implement to maintain soil health on their farmland? c. Are there correlations between scientific findings and farmers' perceptions of soil management indicators and practices in the Ecuadorian Amazon? A total of 287 surveys were applied with 35 questions that covered the general data of the respondent, visible indicators of soil fertility, soil management and conservation practices, as well as knowledge acquisition. The soil scientific data were obtained from the map made by the MAG and FAO (2018) of the locations where the surveys were conducted. The results show that farmers have an in-depth knowledge with respect to soil fertility, identifying several visible indicators, including some plants that indicate productive soils, while utilizing various practices that degrade the soil and others that contribute to soil conservation at the local level. Although the indicators used by the farmers were mainly based on observation, in many respects they coincided with scientific assessments of fertile or infertile soils. These farmers, with their vast practical experience and knowledge accumulated over generations, developed a deep understanding of the telltale signs of soil fertility. There is not always concordance between the two forms of knowledge, however, the synergy between traditional and scientific knowledge illustrates the importance of integrating different forms of knowledge for effective and sustainable land management.

Simulation-Based Learning and Argumentation to Promote Informed Design Decision-Making Processes within a First-Year Engineering Technology Course

Analyzing the integration of scientific knowledge to guide decision-making processes supporting design challenges in engineering education is critical. However, effectively engaging in informed design decision-making processes is challenging, particularly in the context of online education. Simulation-based learning can bring authentic design practices to online education, but effective guidance and scaffolding must be provided to learners. Therefore, this research investigates the implications of integrating simulation-based learning with an argumentation framework to guide students in incorporating scientific knowledge into their design decisions, particularly in designing energy-efficient housing. This study took place during online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic and was implemented within a first-year engineering technology undergraduate course. It aimed to analyze students’ decision-making processes when designing a zero-energy home for a Midwestern city using Aladdin, an integrated CAD/CAE platform that can be used to design a structure and simulate its function within a single system. This study investigates how students informed their decision-making processes in design for energy-efficient homes and the recurring trends in students’ designs related to economic decision making and energy science. The overall results show how cost constraints significantly influenced students’ observation and argumentation processes during their design challenge, highlighting the pivotal role of economic considerations in shaping their decision making. Moreover, the findings underscore the importance of holistic approaches in providing insights into teaching strategies for online learning, particularly in navigating the intersection of scientific and economic factors in design challenges.

Harmonizing Knowledge Frontiers: TGKH. Muhammad Zainuddin Abdul Madjid's Innovative Integration Model at Nahdlatul Wathan Educational Institute

The paper examines the scientific integration through the lens of TGKH. Muhammad Zainuddin Abdul Madjid. This study aims to explore the scientific integration model of TGKH Muhammad Zainuddin Abdul Madjid in the Nahdlatul Wathan educational institution. The study was conducted at the Shaykh Zainuddin Islamic Boarding School, the management center for the Nahdlatul Wathan organization. This study is a qualitative-descriptive study. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation techniques, while data were analyzed using a sociological-historical approach. The analytical procedure used is the analysis procedure of Miles and Huberman. In this study, the scientific integration model proposed by TGKH Muhammad Zainuddin Abdul Madjid (Mawlana Shaykh) consists of three main components: 1) the integration of scientific knowledge with Islamic science and the Nahdlatul Wathan (Ke-NW-an) curriculum; 2) the institutional integration between Ma'had Darul Qur'an wal Hadith and higher education; 3) the integration of Islamic religious subjects with scientific disciplines. The findings of this study provide a foundation for policymakers to formulate more extensive and unified education strategies. This emphasises the significance of keeping an equilibrium between religious and scientific knowledge within the curriculum.

Investigating the Impact of Stress on Pain: A Scoping Review on Sense of Control, Social-Evaluative Threat, Unpredictability, and Novelty (STUN Model).

Stress can have paradoxical effects on pain, namely hyperalgesia and hypoalgesia. Four situational characteristics activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, leading to a physiological stress response: lacking Sense of control, social-evaluative Threat, Unpredictability and Novelty (STUN). This scoping review reports on the types of evidence published on the effects of STUN characteristics on pain outcomes. Searches of primary electronic databases were performed to identify articles published on adults between 1990 and 2021 that contained search terms on pain and stress/STUN characteristics. A total of 329 articles were included in the analysis. Only 3.3% of studies examined simultaneously >1 STUN component. Almost all observational studies (177/180) examined the association between perceived stress and pain without measuring physiological stress responses. Of the 130 experimental studies, 78 (60.0%) manipulated stressful characteristics through nociception, and only 38.5% assessed if/how stress manipulation impacted perceived stress. There is a clear lack of integration of the characteristics that trigger a physiological stress response in the pain field. Only 3.3% of studies examined simultaneously more than one STUN component and there is an unequal attention given to individual components of the STUN framework. Recommendations for future research include selection of stress manipulations/measurements that are more precisely inducing/reflecting neurobiological mechanisms of stress responses to insure valid integration of scientific knowledge.

Mesto antropologije u nauci o javnom zdravlju

Public Health Science and Medical Anthropology both approach the topic of population health, or public health, each from the positions of their respective scientific research discourses. Although different, these scientific positions can and do complement each other. Medical anthropology introduces a holistic approach to public health topics, while examining the issue from the perspective of the community itself. Since mid-20th century, in public health research an anthropological approach have been mainly used as a medium for the introduction of various public health interventions into different cultural contexts, i.e. communities. Starting from the 1980ies, medical anthropology has been gradually recognized as a science dealing with a critical analysis of public health as such. At the same time, among public health professionals it was gradually accepted that the application of anthropological, or, more precisely, qualitative methods in public health research contributed to a better understanding of the problem and gave special strength to evidence as a basis for the development and improvement of health policies, provided, of course, that it was used with quantitative indicators. However, the capacities of medical anthropology to critically examine the place and role of public health policies and interventions in a wider cultural context, as well as optimal opportunities for the development and implementation of health interventions in a particular cultural context, to evaluate public health response to a particular problem and the like, are still not sufficiently recognized in public health scientific discourse. In recent years, since outbreaks of epidemics such as Ebola in West Africa, or pandemics such as COVID-19, and the challenges they brought to public health professionals, there has been a better understanding of need for improved integration of scientific knowledge and methods of social sciences and humanities, including medical anthropology, into various fields of public health. The World Health Organization has formulated and adopted an initiative to apply behavioural and cultural insights to health starting from 2020. This concept emphasizes the need for greater application of social and humanistic scientific approaches and knowledge, including anthropological, to public health discourse. The prerequisite for practical cooperation between public health professionals and medical anthropologists is the formation of interdisciplinary research teams, but also their education in complementary scientific fields

Возможности субъектного подхода в изучении отношений криминогенной личности к социальному окружению

Introduction. The study is devoted to the description of the possibilities of the subjective approach to identifying the criminogenicity of the individual on the example of his/her relations to the social environment. It notes the disparate perceptions of criminogenicity, which requires the integration of scientific knowledge. The author suggests the possibilities of the subjective approach to describe the criminogenicity of personality. The specificity of the description of criminogenicity in individual-psychological and socioenvironmental concepts is determined. The current state of genetic and neuropsychological studies of personality criminogenicity is described. The role of socio-environmental concepts is revealed. The importance of society in the formation of criminogenicity is noted in the concepts of anomie, social control and socialisation of personality. The importance of subjective attitude mediating the influence of individualpsychological and social-mediological factors is emphasised.
 Methods. The methodology of the subject approach was applied in the research process, general scientific (induction, analysis, synthesis) and private-scientific (extrapolation) research methods were used.
 Results. The possibilities of the subjective approach to the analysis of the causes of criminogenicity of personality, which are not explained by individual-psychological and socio-environmental concepts of criminogenicity, are described. It is determined that criminogenicity can be considered as a socially negative form of self-actualisation of personality. The self-actualisationis explained through the purposeful manifestation of cognitive and regulatory abilities in order to achieve a personally significant goal. At the same time subjectivity is characterised by defects of moral and ethical sphere, allowing preferring criminal behaviour to law-abiding in the situation of choice. It is noted that the manifestation of subjectivity can be characterised in the context of relations to the social environment, acting as a means of achieving selfrealisation.
 The results extend and clarify the possibilities of the subjective approach as applied to the analysis of criminogenic personality. The peculiarities of the implementation of subjectivity of a criminogenic personality in terms of overcoming the difficulties of life activity, formation of self-relationship and involvement of others in self-realisation are shown. The prospects of studying the causes, state and characteristics of relations of criminogenic personality to social environment as a source of new information about criminalisation and decriminalisation of personality are outlined.

Genre and stylistic principle in the organisation of artistic education

Artistic education is an important factor in the cultural growth of the nation – the development of personal qualities and abilities. The methodology of teaching music pedagogy is related to the category of musical style. The relevance of this study is conditioned by a broad interpretation of the concept of musical style. Numerous musicological interpretations of the concept outline the range of issues and a growing interest among scholars in the search for promising approaches to understanding musical phenomena and the integration of scientific knowledge. The purpose of the study is to investigate musicological solutions to the problem of style, to identify optimal approaches to building the educational process. The paper analyses various interpretations of the concept of "style" by musicologists. Methods and approaches of teaching musical and practical disciplines are highlighted, including the method of stylistic generalisation, experimental methodology, historical and stylistic approach, concentric approach, genre approach, and the principle of generalisation. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the educational process in the classes of musical and practical training should be built according to genre and stylistic principle – semantic generalisations of the genre in the context of multi-level style features. This paper can be useful for teachers in music education institutions to implement an effective approach to organising the educational process.

Domain Forensic Sciences: A Modern Perspective on the Problem

The article discusses the provision on the domain forensic sciences of the concept of forensic expertology developed in the 1970s by A.I. Vinberg and N.T. Malakhovskaya. The author reveals the essence of domain forensic sciences as the sciences, serving as the substantiating knowledge for specific genera (types) of forensic examinations. The article summarizes the controversial aspects on the domain forensic sciences, and also demonstrates the development of this provision in the modern forensic expertology and expert practice of a number of forensic examinations. The author has also attempted to outline the prospects for the development of the provision on the domain forensic sciences in terms of formation of forensic expert sciences basing on the modern ideas about the directions of integration of scientific knowledge, as well as in the aspects of deducing the laws studied by forensic sciences and determining the functions performed by them. Finally, it is concluded that the concept of forensic (forensic expert) sciences is promising for the development of the general theory of modern forensic expertology, as well as its relevance in connection with the active introduction of new types of forensic examinations in recent years.

Forming communicative competence in future specialists of the socio-economic sphere

This article explores the cultural tendencies of verbal etiquette among future professionals in the socio-economic field in the context of postmodern society during their professional training. The aim of the article is to investigate the formation peculiarities of communicative competence in education seekers of socio-economic professions regarding the development of speech culture related to the problem of verbal etiquette in postmodern society. The components of communicative competence in future professionals of the socio-economic field include subjective, praxeological, and gnoseological aspects, which are interdependent and contribute to the development of communicative interaction in their professional activities. The research was conducted within the educational process of higher education institutions, employing identical measurement techniques, time, and duration of training, which allowed for diagnosing the level of communicative competence of future professionals in the socio-economic field according to the criteria of speech culture. Communicative competence of future professionals in the socio-economic field is defined as the integration of scientific knowledge, intellectual and practical skills and abilities, virtual literacy in interpersonal interaction, competence in overcoming communication barriers, general culture, and personal qualities of education seekers capable of solving life-creative tasks.

The Evolution of Consumption: Theoretical Analysis

The article presented by the authors is devoted to the systematization and integration of scientific knowledge in the aspect of the study of the evolutionary dynamics of consumption in retrospect, which allows a comprehensive and structured presentation of the currently existing scientific groundwork in the designated subject field. The goal is to present ontology and the existing body of scientific ideas in a comprehensive way in the focus of the study of the ontological framework and the evolutionary dynamics of the consumption process, based on the cognitive potential of the historical method and retrospective analysis. The paper fixes that consumption is too multifaceted phenomenon, the evolution of which would be incorrect to represent outside the historical process. As a significant scientific result, the authors present the stages of the evolutionary dynamics of the consumption process, which are qualitatively characterized. In addition, there is an appropriate characterization of the transformation of connotation of the concept "consumption" based on the logic of its representation in the subject field of certain areas of the system of social sciences.

Tobacco Agridaksh: An Online Expert System

New advances in information technology led to the development of Expert Systems and their application in various sectors including farming. In India, agricultural production has been transformed into a multifaceted business enterprise. Indian agriculture to remain competitive needs the accumulation and integration of scientific knowledge, and information from many diverse sources. Indian farmer often relies on agricultural specialists, advisors and agricultural research and development institutes for agricultural information for better decision making at the actual farm situation. Unfortunately, timely specialist assistance is not available when the farmer needs. Thus the situation demand for a ‘virtual expert’ who can give personalized expert advice to a large community of farmers, specific to their needs and aspirations considering various knowledge sources. The role of expert systems in tobacco sector and its applications in effective production and protection technologies have been discussed in this article. It is almost impossible for any human expert to consider every piece of available information before arriving at optimal decisions. To overcome this problem and provide precise information to the farmers, “expert systems” have been developed with a primary goal to make expertise available to clients and decision makers who need answers swiftly. The main aim is to deliver the required information and disseminate the up-to-date scientific knowledge in a readily accessible and easily understood form to the farmers. It is one of the most efficient extension tools to take the technology from scientists to the growers directly without any distortion of content which normally creeps in because of multiple agencies involved in conventional technology transfer systems. With this aim, ICAR-Central Tobacco Research Institute has developed a web-based expert system on tobacco using “Agridaksh”- an online tool developed by ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute. This, online expert systems has the tremendous capacity to transfer location specific technologies and advice to the farmers with a greater precision

Healthcare providers have insufficient up-to-date knowledge of lower limb sports injuries, and their knowledge is similar to that of athletes

BackgroundBeing up-to-date with evidence-based knowledge of lower limb sports injuries is essential for Healthcare professionals (HCPs). PurposeTo assess whether HCPs possess up-to-date knowledge of lower limb sports injuries by comparing their knowledge to that of athletes. MethodsWith an expert panel, we developed an online quiz of 10 multiple-choice questions on various topics related to lower-limb sports injuries. Maximal score was 100. We used social media to invite HCPs (5 groups: Physiotherapists, Chiropractors, Medical Doctors, Trainers, and Other therapists) and athletes of all levels (amateur, semi-pro, and pro) to participate. We drafted the questions according to conclusions from the latest systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Results1526 participants completed the study. Final quiz scores ranged from zero (n = 28, 1.8%) to 100 (n = 2, 0.1%) and were distributed normally with a mean score of 45.4 ± 20.6. None of the 6 groups' means surpassed the set threshold of 60 points. Multiple linear regressions of covariates indicated that age, gender, engagement in physical activity, learning hours per week, reading scientific journals, reading popular magazines and blogs, trainers, and other therapists’ groups explained 19% of the variances (−5.914<β < 15.082, 0.000<p < 0.038). ConclusionsHCPs have insufficient up-to-date knowledge of lower limb sports injuries, and their knowledge is similar to that of athletes of all levels. HCPs probably do not possess the proper tools to assess scientific literature Academic and sports medicine societies should look into ways to improve the scientific knowledge integration of HCPs.

Cybernetic model of rational world order under the paradigm of directed evolution

With the rapid advancement in our civilizationʼs technology, the dynamics of a variety of global processes are on the rise as well, the environmental degradation rate increases, competition for access to resources grows, new large-scale epidemics emerge, etc. All of these processes and phenomena have a negative impact on global security and are being studied by scientists to develop recommendations for a world order that will meet the needs of humanity, regardless of race, nationality, socio-cultural and religious affiliation, and will allow for the restoration of the environment. The new principles of the world order should be rooted in the main principle of human security — «the possibility of rational development of civilization». This can be achieved by implementing an optimal control system for the world order. Human security should be considered, in addition to the factors of the direct threat of military conflicts, in the context of climate change and natural disasters, cultural and social development, migration and health care. Considering that the problem of human security and development is an interdisciplinary one, the only way to solve it is to combine the efforts of scientists who specialize in different sciences and to use a transdisciplinary approach that appeals to the creation of a scientific picture of the world based on the systematic integration of scientific knowledge and the Noosphere Theory of Academician Vernadsky V.I.

Involving Forensic Students in Integrative Learning—A Project Proposal

In our experience, university students enrolling in health science and forensic science degrees show difficulty in retaining and integrating basic scientific knowledge learned in their first academic year. Furthermore, in the forensic sciences case, many students have oversimplified and unrealistic expectations as a result of the exposure to crime TV shows, internet blogs, and other social media platforms. Our pedagogical proposal is focused on second-year university students, aiming at promoting effective learning and the integration of scientific knowledge from previous courses, in this particular example, molecular and cell biology and biochemistry, with more advanced forensic courses, such as forensic anthropology and odontology. Teams composed of students and tutors from the teaching staff, with the help of dichotomous keys, are challenged to analyze a crime scene and choose the relevant evidence to further investigate, determine the scientific approach, execute the experimental work, interpret the results and, finally, resolve the case. To assess the pedagogical advantages and the receptivity of this project, a survey is to be carried out among students, and respective statistical analysis is also proposed. Finally, we hope this project outline may be adapted to other subjects, and, therefore, be used to address different pedagogical questions in forensic studies.

Metaphysics of Progress and the Disciplinary Structure of Science

This text represents comments to the article by T.D. Sokolova “Conceptualization of scientific progress. A Case of Historical Epistemology”. Her article combines the concepts of differentiation and integration of scientific knowledge, on the one hand, and the concept of the progress of science interpreted by the historical epistemology of G. Bachelard, on the other, which ultimately is designed to solve the “paradox of interdisciplinarity” and the problem of disciplinary separation of scientific knowledge. The problem posed is highly significant for understanding modern science. At the same time, its formulation can be elaborated and even reformulated, and its premises clarified, since they themselves are the subject of extensive discussions. To do this, it is necessary to revise the widely known definitions of interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity in such a way as to detect the value-worldview content relevant to science as a socio-cultural system that includes the idea of progress.

THE FUNDAMENTALITY OF THE LAWS OF INNOVATION PROCESSES IN THE EDUCATIONAL ECO ENVIRONMENT: THE ASPECT OF TEACHING PHYSICS ON THE BASIS OF STEM

In the article, as a result of the research, the main directions of innovations in the educational activity of higher education institutions in the context of the development of innovations, in particular STEM education, are identified and analyzed. It has been established that the development of innovativeness affects the modernization of higher education, in particular technical in the context of STEM education. It has been found that the development and implementation of STEM education as a component of innovativeness affects the modernization of physics teaching methods in technical higher education institutions, and physics in particular. This modernization requires taking into account the general trends in the development of psychological and pedagogical aspects of higher education in the context of globalization and European integration processes. The main regularities and conditions of functioning of innovative educational processes in technical institutions of higher education are considered. The concepts of interdisciplinarity and levels of integration of scientific knowledge are analyzed and highlighted: intradisciplinary, interdisciplinary, supradisciplinary, transdisciplinary. The result of the innovation process is the transformation of new types and ways of human life into socio-cultural norms and models that ensure their institutional design, integration and consolidation in the culture of society. New knowledge that arises as direct experience within the framework of research work is removed from the sphere of the cognitive process and transformed into an innovative process in new systems of technological activity. STEM innovations are one of the main socio-cultural prerequisites for the development of social practice, its enrichment with new cognitive, technological forms of human experience, which are subject to reproduction in the process of their mastery by students of higher education of the new generation. It was determined that the achievement of the professional goal for the subject of training is ensured by integrated scientific knowledge of physics and professional disciplines, which is a prerequisite for mastering methods of solving industrial problems, where the difference between educational and professional activities from practical and cognitive activities is considered, taking into account the concept of STEM education.

Half a century along the path of integration of scientific knowledge

Half a century along the path of integration of scientific knowledge

Modern trends and conceptual approaches to understanding the essence of the concept of “national security”

In the context of existing scientific approaches, modern trends that dictate the semantic load of the concept of “national security” have been considered. The development trends of the national, first of all, legal debate surrounding the concept of “national security of Ukraine” have been demonstrated. Attention has been focused on the leading role of jurisprudence in the integration of scientific knowledge regarding national security issues. The novelty of the research consists in the formulation of a number of conclusions of both theoretical and practical nature, which should serve as a basis for determining through the prism of modern theoretical jurisprudence and national security science the phenomenon of national security on the example of modern Ukraine, improving its normative and organizational component.&#x0D; Under national security, the protection of the vital interests of the individual, society and the state, legal and social values, and the way of life from a wide range of external and internal threats, different in nature, has been considered. More specific varieties of the legal definition of “security”, which correlate with it as “general” and “special” categories, are the concepts of “national security”, “state security”, “public security”, “personal security”, and derivatives from them, such as “military security”, “economic security”, “information security” and other types of security, are allocated in a separate type in numerous scientific works of Ukrainian and foreign specialists depending on the object of protection, the sphere of social relations, and the types of practical activities of various state bodies. The ways and prospects of improving the regulatory and legal provision of national security in modern conditions of Ukraine’s development have been determined. The issue of legal reform in the field of national security has gained further improvement, namely, that it provides planned, scientifically based, socially acceptable and justified changes: 1) in legislation that guarantees national security and protects national interests; 2) in the structure, organization and activity of state authorities and other entities responsible for ensuring national security, in the system of their functions and powers, as well as in the ways (forms, methods) of their implementation; 3) in the qualitative strengthening of the state of security of the entire array of social relations, centered around national security and covered by the object of the reform, from external and internal, real and potential threats. Therefore, the reform of national security appears in the unity of three components: normative and legal (regulatory), management (subject) and object (change in the sphere of social relations in the field of national security).

Supporting collaborative biodesign ideation with contextualised knowledge from bioscience

ABSTRACT The objective of this work is to support co-creation of novel ideas in biodesign during fast-paced and facilitated workshops. We created a card-based tool which simultaneously provides knowledge on both ‘science’ and ‘context’. The tool was used to trigger and inspire collaborative ideation in two biodesign workshops in which participants from scientific and design backgrounds produced ideas for healthcare-related innovations. To understand the perception of the tool and the mechanism of scientific knowledge integration in ideation, we conducted post-workshop interviews with 10 participants. Our qualitative analysis shows that the exposure to contextualised scientific knowledge provided by the tool enabled participants to generate ideas that cover a wide spectrum from the micro-scale of bioscience to the macro-scale of socio-political contexts, and thus supported the acceleration of ideation in biodesign workshops.

Development of methods and technologies for creating intelligent scientific and educational internet resources

The purpose of this work is to develop methods, technologies and tools for creating and maintaining intelligent scientific and educational internet resources (ISEIR) based on a service-oriented approach and Semantic Web technologies. The main purpose of ISEIR is to provide meaningful access to scientific and educational information resources of a given field of knowledge and integrated information processing services. According to the preliminary concept, an intelligent scientific and educational internet resource will be an information system accessible via the internet which provides ontology-based systematization and integration of scientific knowledge, data and information resources into a single information space together with a meaningful effective access to them as well as supporting their use in solving various scientific and educational tasks. ISEIR is equipped with an ergonomic web-based user interface and special editors designed to manage the knowledge integrated into it. The proposed approach to the construction of intelligent scientific and educational internet resources is the basis for the developed technology in creating and maintaining information environments for distributed learning.