Integration Definition For Function Modeling Research Articles

Investigating the Structural Composition of Contemporary Sustainable Organic Agriculture Supply Chains: A Case Study from Thailand

The global demand for organic produce has surged, with notable growth among Thai consumers. However, within Thailand's organic agricultural sectors, supply chain obscurity has impeded the understanding and resolution of emerging challenges associated with meeting this rising demand. Public interest has traditionally centered on mainstream economic sectors, resulting in inadequate attention to the sustainable organic farming supply chains. This study aims to explore the complexities of current sustainable organic supply chain configurations in Thailand, addressing gaps that lead to suboptimal planning and non-sustainable practices. Utilizing the Integration Definition for Function Modeling (IDEF0) framework, this research collected data from key stakeholders through in-depth interviews. Participants included representatives from each stage of the supply chain, providing comprehensive insights into the operational dynamics. The analysis identified several critical challenges within the supply chain, including insufficient collaborative planning, reduced productivity, inaccurate demand forecasting, ineffective budgetary planning, and inadequate cold chain management. These challenges highlight the fragmented nature of the current supply chain and the need for strategic improvements. To address these shortcomings, the study suggests integrating technological advancements in demand planning, operations, and budgeting, fostering collaboration among supply chain members, and forming strategic partnerships with cold chain management service providers. These recommendations aim to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of Thailand's organic produce supply chain, ensuring it can meet increasing global and domestic demands effectively.

Enhancing value creation of operational management for small to medium manufacturer: A conceptual data-driven analytical system

This paper aims to explore the challenges and opportunities for Small and Medium-sized Manufacturing Enterprises (SMMEs) in implementing data-driven techniques in their operations. SMMEs are often considered to be low and medium–low tech companies, even if they have machinery, as they still rely on traditional processes and manpower and lack any digital technology. Previous research has shown that medium–high and high-tech companies perform better, with higher rates of growth, than low and medium–low ones by a sustainable and significant margin. Therefore, there is a need for further research on the implementation of data-driven analytical methods and technologies in SMMEs that are both cost-effective and easy to use. This study proposes a conceptual analytical system that combines Integration Definition for Function Modeling 0 (IDEF0) and the Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) business analytics method to develop a practical and widely applicable framework for data-driven techniques in manufacturing. We then developed a case study of an Indonesian company, where we collected real and direct information about specific objects, events, and activities related to particular aspects, including showing their key performance indicators (KPIs) through data dashboards, to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed conceptual analytical system in improving operational management in SMMEs. The findings of this study provide valuable insights that can be used to develop effective solutions for SMMEs to leverage data-driven techniques and improve their operations. We also highlight implications of the findings for future research and practical applications. The final framework can be converted into a system that can be continuously and flexibly updated and customized, based on specific needs.

Interaction between design processes and innovation in the gastronomic equipment industry in Peru

In Peru, in recent years, significant progress has been made as part of the objective of eliminating obstacles in the gastronomy value chain and identifying, in the current offer, factors that improve its quality, proposing actions to improve competitiveness. Meanwhile, the metalworking industry has shown a pronounced growth in recent years, also recovering exports, but has had less encouraging results in innovation indicators, which places Peru in the 89th place, out of 140, of the economies of the most competitive countries worldwide. Therefore, the main objectives of this research are the identification and analysis of the advances of gastronomic equipment developed in Peru, due to the enormous gastronomic growth evidenced as a result of the contribution of the State, the Academy and the Private Company. A descriptive research and a qualitative characterization of four specific cases of the cities of Lima and Arequipa is carried out, determining the opportunities that the sector has to improve its competitiveness and innovation. Product innovations developed in recent years and which have highlighted technical aspects of engineering design processes are examined, where the metallurgical sector involved is mainly represented by the small company. Thus, the way design is applied during innovation processes has been determined and key topics of study have been identified, as well as its impact on the interaction between design and innovation processes, through a proposed model using the diagram IDEF0 (Integration Definition for Function Modeling).

Frozen Tilapia Fillets Business Process Analysis Using Integration Definition for Function Modelling

Aquaculture products in Indonesia have great potential in line with population growth. The demand for frozen tilapia fillets is increasing both in Indonesia and globally. Our objectives are to identify the current business process activities of a frozen tilapia fillet product, analyse problems and provide improvement strategies. In-depth interviews and observations were conducted with stakeholders. The business processes were analyzed using an Integration Definition for Function Modelling (IDEF0) to identify the activities and problems at the organizational level, the production plant level and the production department level. The results at the production plant level showed that there was a lack of strategic forecasting and inventory management in the planning activity. In the sourcing activity, the limited number of suppliers and inconsistent fish quality were the main problems. The lack of implementation of a good material handling and production system was a concern in the making activity. The problem in the delivering activity was the lack of product tracking which results in product returns due to defects. The researchers' recommendations, based on several literature reviews, are expected to improve the supply chain of frozen tilapia fillets in Yogyakarta and Central Java to increase its competitive advantage.

Pineapple leaf fiber supply chain analysis for the sustainability of community enterprise: a case study in Thailand

Thailand is one of the most significant pineapple producers and exporters in the world. In 2020, the pineapple cultivation area is around 72,656 hectares, which generated agro-waste after harvesting such as leaves, rhizome, and stem. The estimation of waste from leaves is about 37.5 tons per hectare, which results in waste of around 2.7 million tons per year. In addition, most farmers burn agro-waste rather than decompose causing pollution problems. Previous research showed that pineapple leaves can be used as raw materials in other industries such as textiles, paper, packaging, reinforcing materials, etc. Meanwhile, in Thailand, very few producers have the potential to produce pineapple leaf fiber due to high production costs, insufficient production capacity, lack of knowledge and labor, etc. Therefore, this research studied the pineapple leaf fiber supply chain. The objectives were to analyze the present pineapple leaf fiber supply chain of the community enterprise, pinpoint key activities, challenges, and propose guidelines to solve problems. The related stakeholders were interviewed such as farmers, community enterprise, yarn manufacturers, collectors, and government agencies. Next, business processes were identified by applying the Integration Definition for Function Modeling (IDEF0). These main activities of IDEF0 are plan, source, make, deliver, and return. After the study, the challenges were uncertain demand, lack of break-even point and cost analysis, long production lead time and high production cost. Thus, the community enterprise should focus on finding a sustainable market, calculate the production cost analysis and apply Kaizen and Lean concepts to improve productivity and reduce production costs. Finally, our guidelines for fiber community enterprise can be employed in other community enterprises to enhance supply chain management and lead to sustainability.

Framework to Evaluate Quality Performance of Green Building Delivery: Project Brief and Design Stage

Design quality considers the extent to which the owner’s requirements are accurately synthesized into conformance specifications and drawings for the construction team to execute. Expected superior performance and sustainability of a green building require diligence in design to ensure its specifications are accurately stipulated. Several studies reported mismatches between expected and actual performances in green buildings that were attributed to poor design. This study thus revisits the design process and proposes a framework to map the quality activities in the project brief and design stages using the integration definition for function modeling (IDEFO) process. Semi-structured interviews and a focus group validated the framework and revealed issues in the current design practice that cause insufficient design solutions. Additionally, project delivery systems were discussed, with conditions for improving their suitability. This research contribution elucidates recommended quality activities necessary for green buildings, which often are not implemented in the construction industry, to ultimately ensure that green buildings are properly designed to meet sustainability objectives.

Modeling security violation processes in machine learning systems

The widespread use of machine learning, including at critical information infrastructure facilities, entails risks of security threats in the absence of reliable means of protection. The article views the processes in machine learning systems as the ones occurring in information systems susceptible to malicious influences. The results of modeling events leading to a security breach in machine learning systems operating at critical information infrastructure facilities are presented. For modeling, the technology of creating functional models SADT (Structured Analysis and Design Technique) and the IDEF0 (Integration definition for function modeling) methodology were used as a tool for transition from a verbal functional description of the process under study to a description in terms of mathematical representation. In order to study the scenarios of the transition of machine learning systems to a dangerous state and the numerical assessment of the probability of security violation, mathematical modeling of threats was carried out using the logical-probabilistic method. The authors obtained a visual functional model of system security violation in the form of a context diagram of the system and two levels of decomposition. The hazard function of the system is determined and the arithmetic polynomial of the probability function is derived. In further work the described models will allow researchers to develop methods and algorithms for protecting machine learning systems from malicious influences, as well as to apply them in assessing the level of security.

Developing a Risk Management Process for Infrastructure Projects Using IDEF0

The Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) project is a massive, large-scale construction venture with a complex interface. In order to reduce the risk of disasters and industrial accidents in the project and to save costs, a simple and flexible risk management system is necessary for projects such as MRT. A set of risk management processes was identified through a literature review and data collection, and the Integration Definition for Function Modeling (IDEF0) process was used for logical analysis. The IDEF0 diagram clearly depicts the items to be delivered at each interface, and risk is reduced by facilitating the flow of data on various risk items. The results of this research will be applied to other practical projects, with special emphasis on the project planning and design stages. Future work will verify whether the implementation of the proposed risk management process does indeed effectively reduce risks in the completed project.

Business Process Analysis and Improvement during Covid-19 Crisis: a Case of Frozen Shrimp Manufacturer

Frozen shrimp is one of the major export products of Thailand. This research studied a frozen shrimp products supply chain, which is a large-sized manufacturer in central Thailand. Our objectives were to study the current supply chain of a frozen shrimp processor in Samut Sakhon province and propose suggestions to improve efficiency in each activity, especially to cope with the Covid-19 crisis. First, we analyzed its business process by using Integration Definition for Function Modeling (IDEF0) to investigate the stakeholders in the supply chain and the business process of the frozen shrimp manufacturer. After analysis, we identified problems and proposed how to improve efficiencies such as risk management, especially for shrimp and labor shortage. The supplier relationship should be established along with the contract, forecast price, and demand for shrimps to optimize the procurement. The labor should be trained for multi-skill and lean production should be applied to increase productivity. Finally, digitization should be fully transformed and set up the centralized information to reduce time, increase accuracy and share the data with partners. In summary, our guidelines for the frozen shrimp manufacturer could be applied to similar manufacturers to improve supply chain efficiency.

Функціональне моделювання та стратегічне проєктування для регламентації стратегії підприємства

The article investigates the approaches of building business process, forming the strategy of the enterprise. The procedure of methodology usage for functional modeling and graphical representation of IDEF0 notation processes (English Integration Definition for Function Modeling) for the procedure of enterprise strategy development is presented. The algorithm of procedure modeling for forming the company's strategy is developed and for that the SADT (Structured Analysis and Design Teqnique) diagram and its decomposition by the main elements and stages is presented.

Development of a decision support system at the stages of pre‐design studies and design of irrigation systems based on IDEFo functional modelling methodology*

AbstractThe relevance of the subject matter derives from the need to select the most effective technical solution at the stages of pre‐design studies and design of irrigation systems when performing innovative projects. The purpose of this study is to develop a decision support system (DSS) that would serve as an analytical and advisory tool for conducting complex research at the stages of pre‐project preparation and design of irrigation systems. The leading approach underlying the solution of the subject matter is the functional modelling methodology integration definition for function modelling (IDEFo). This article presents the architecture of the software product, which shows the main subsystems of the DSS and reflects their interrelations. The implementation of the DSS in the form of a software product based on the provisions of the recommendations will automate the process of selecting alternatives (analogues) for elements of irrigation systems in specific conditions and provide information support for decision‐making at the stages of pre‐design studies and design, and also increase quality control and improve efficiency of managerial decision‐making by 10–15% and reduce the total cost of organizing pre‐design studies and designing irrigation systems by 3–5%. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The improvement of the high value-added supply chain: a cordyceps beverage case study

A healthy food trend is becoming popular which makes people become more aware of taking care of themselves. This causes the growth of healthy business phenomena such as supplements and herb in Thailand. Cordyceps which is known as “winter worm summer grass” is a famous Chinese herbal medicine and very expensive because it is rare. People believe that it provides benefits for enhancing health and boosting energy. Today Thai farmers and entrepreneurs can cultivate cordyceps by themselves resulting in widespread use and lower the price. The objective of this research is to analyze a cordyceps beverage supply chain of a small-sized entrepreneur using Integration Definition for Function Modeling (IDEF0). It explains the overall flow of business and related activity of cordyceps beverage. Then we conduct an analysis of the current problems and recommend how to improve the efficiency of the supply chain. Currently, there is a lack of systematic data collection, no proper KPI and inventory policy and low forecast accuracy. We recommend the entrepreneur to use the spreadsheet for forecasting and record data, create KPI to evaluate performance, set standard and target. Establish an inventory policy to manage material and evaluate supplier’s performance. We hope our research will promote the entrepreneur to stay competitive in the dynamic market.

The study of a small-sized Thai chili paste supply chain

The highly competitive lifestyle results in the increasing demand for ready to eat food. In Thailand, chili paste is a traditional food that has been passed down from generation to generation. It plays an important role in Thai meals and becomes more popular in convenience stores and hypermarkets. The objectives of this study are to explore the current supply chain of a small-sized Thai chili paste enterprise, to analyze the business processes and identify the problem and provide the recommendation for improvement. First, we observe and perform an in-depth interview of the owner and staff for realizing the business process. Then, the result is analyzed by using the Integration Definition for Function Modeling (IDEF0) to show the existing stakeholders and current key activities in Thai chili paste. The major problems are lack of data collection, low forecast accuracy, lack of inventory management, and low productivity. The proper controls are proposed. Finally, our guidelines could enhance the productivity of other small-sized enterprises which can increase the potential capability for domestic and international markets.

The analysis of a chilled beef supply chain for developing strategic improvement

The growth of population and economics are factors that affect the increasing demand for livestock products in Indonesia. Beef and chicken are the most consumed meat in Indonesia with an average meat consumption of 2.72 kg per capita per year and there is an increasing trend. Currently, the domestic production of beef is only about 45% percent of the demand, the rest of the demand will be fulfilled by importing live cattle and frozen meat, mainly from Australia. The beef supply chain is quite complex and long. The available infrastructures still need to be improved in order to deliver the beef quickly and handled under appropriate cold chain. Our objectives are to identify the business process of the abattoir in the chilled beef product cold chain, to analyze the problem, and to propose some recommendations for their strategic improvement. The observation and in-depth interviews are conducted. Then, the result is analyzed by using Integration Definition for Function Modelling (IDEF0) to figure out the current situation and the activities in the abattoir. Based on the result, it is found that inventory management and temperature controlling are the major issues in the chilled beef cold chain that need to be monitored and controlled. This suggestion would be able to improve the efficiency of a chilled beef cold chain in Indonesia.

Business Process Analysis and Improvement for a Third Party Logistics Provider in Indonesian Cold Chain Logistics

Indonesian consumer awareness to seek for quality fresh food products is increasing. Therefore, a cold chain logistics is required to deliver agricultural and fishery products across islands. The number of logistics providers in Indonesia are continuously growing, especially for cargo services. Our objectives are to identify the business processes and related activities in a cold chain logistics provider, to analyse problems and to provide recommendations for improvement. We conducted an in-depth interview and analysed the business process using Integration Definition for Function Modelling (IDEF0). The results showed that the major problems are lack of proper cold chain logistics and knowledge in supply chain management. Then, we recommended to improve efficiency in the major activities. These could be the direction for further development to enhance Indonesian cold chain logistics especially for other third party logistics providers to improve their competitive advantages.

Reconciling engineer-to-order uncertainty by supporting front-end decision-making

This paper presents the dynamics of engineer-to-order (ETO) practice through Integration Definition for Function Modelling (IDEF) practice. The paper describes and defines how an ETO manufacturer utilised IDEF-QA in order to manage project uncertainties within the tendering process. The research is conceptualised through an empirical action research approach, involving an active role in the assessment of the ETO process. The paper revisits the use of IDEF, showcasing an assessment of output quality. It also suggests a road map for resource uncertainty within ETO, specifically when scoping the supply chain for ETO projects. The paper then presents an IDEF Quality Assessment model for improving the tendering process of ETO, and it examines the importance of evaluating project behaviour for supporting new future projects. The principal contribution is in how a structured approach provides IDEF with a quality assessment of resources, thereby consolidating and establishing a relationship for highlighting the uncertainties experienced by ETO manufacturers within the decision-making process.

Geometallurgical Flowsheet as a Tool for Designing and Communicating Geometallurgical Programs

This paper introduces the concept of using a geometallurgical flowsheet as a tool to design, visualize and communicate a geometallurgical program. The development of the concept is carried out using a case study of an industrial mineral mining operation. A modified Integration Definition for Function Modeling (IDEF0) technique is proposed as a methodology to develop the geometallurgical flowsheet. The geometallurgical program is defined as a summary of the operations necessary to develop and validate the geometallurgical model. The geometallurgical model is defined as the function that links georeferenced in-situ geological characteristics and a georeferenced measure of performance in a processing plant. The geometallurgical flowsheet in this study is developed both as a general concept as well as a case-specific illustration based on the example of the Verdalskalk AS industrial mineral operation.

The possibilities for application of STEP-NC in actual production conditions

With the rapid advancement of internet technologies (IT) and computer numerical control (CNC) technologies, the production environment has significantly changed in the last two decades. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard 6983 (Gcode), which is still being used as a link between computer aided design/computer aided process planning/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAPP/CAM) and CNC system, represents an obstacle for the full integration of design and manufacturing. The result of efforts to eliminate these obstacles and shortcomings of developed standards for data exchange and sharing is the development of (STEP-ISO 10303) standard, as well as its extension to numerical control STEP-NC. This paper shows the current possibility of implementing STEPNC in integration of computer aided technologies CAx and CNC systems in actual production conditions. Two scenarios represent a new approach to programming CNC machine tools using the STEP-NC protocol, which is explained in detail with IDEF0 diagrams, with defining necessary equipment and software. Implementation of the STEP-NC protocol described by the integration definition for function modeling (IDEF0) methodology was experimentally verified on specific examples for both scenarios, with the application of available CAD/CAM systems and the STEP-NC machine software, as well as appropriate virtual and physical CNC machine tools.

Multiobjective decision-support tools for the choice between single-use and multi-use technologies in sterile filling of biopharmaceuticals

In sterile filling of biopharmaceuticals, two equipment technologies are available, namely, a conventional multi-use technology using stainless steel fixed facilities, and a new single-use technology using resin-made disposable equipment. For the choice between these technologies, this study proposes a set of three multiobjective decision support tools. The first tool is to evaluate cost, environmental impact, product quality, and supply robustness; the second uses a set of weighting factors to produce a total score; the third conducts a sensitivity analysis to investigate the influence of the weighting factors on the final decision. The use of these tools was described as an activity model by a method called "the type zero method of integration definition for function modeling" (IDEF0). A case study was conducted to demonstrate the tools and the activity model in different production patterns, i.e., from small-scale and multiproduct to large-scale and single-product.

Business Process Analysis: A case of Primary Shrimp Processor

Shrimp industry is important for Thai economy due to high volume of export. However, there is an increasing trend in shrimp consumption in domestic market as well. Our objective is to study the current supply chain of a medium sized primary shrimp processor in Samut Sakhon province. First, we analyze its business process and identify the problems and propose the improvement. The business process is analyzed by using Integration Definition for Function Modeling (IDEF0) to illustrate major activities in the current situation of primary processing facility. Next, we propose guidelines to improve efficiency in each activity. We found that the temperature control material of shrimp during production is ice since it is convenient and need low investment. In summary, the appropriate material to control the temperature is important to minimize cost and maintain the quality of shrimp. In addition, the proper production processes can increase the productivity. Keywords: Business Process Analysis; IDEF; Shrimp; Supply Chain Management