Integrated Transport Hub Research Articles

Eco-Efficiency Evaluation of Integrated Transportation Hub Using Super-Efficiency EBM Model and Tobit Regressive Analysis – Case Study in China

The transportation industry is a key area for ecological civilisation construction and low-carbon development. As the core support of the national integrated transportation system, the ecological development level of integrated transportation hub (ITH) is crucial for enhancing the sustainable development capacity of the national integrated transportation. An eco-efficiency evaluation index system of ITH is established in this study and the eco-efficiencies of twenty international ITHs in China are comprehensively evaluated based on the super-efficient epsilon-based measure (EBM) model. Then the panel Tobit regression model is adopted to analyse the influencing factors of eco-efficiency. The results show that the average eco-efficiency of ITHs in China during 2011–2021 declines first and then rises, with a relatively high level overall but not efficient yet, and there is an obvious gradient distribution characteristic in all eco-efficiencies. Among them, Guangzhou ranks first, followed by Haikou, and Harbin ranks last. It is found that integrated transportation efficiency, urban green coverage, level of opening-up and economic development improve eco-efficiency significantly, while urbanisation rate, industrial structure and technology input have a negative impact. The results are consistent with the actual situation, verifying the practicality of models, and can be used to promote the sustainable development of integrated transportation.

A study on eye movement test and visuospatial optimization of wayfinding perception in large-scale comprehensive transportation hubs

Abstract The integration of rail transit stations and the surrounding underground space presents volume scale and functional complexity, and it has gradually formed a complex integrated transportation hub. Wayfinding inside its space is also more difficult, and the behavioral phenomena of passengers stopping, wandering, and getting lost are common. This paper uses station A of a large transportation hub as an example. It combines target detection technology and the optical flow method, designs the traffic space guidance system, tests how well passengers can find their way by moving their eyes, and then looks at how the visual space can be improved in terms of color, comfort, and subjective comfort after getting feedback. The data from the passenger eye-movement test reveals that during the sub-processes of information perception and elevator path selection, the logo is the primary focus, with attention ratios of 72.35% and 61.28%. Orange, yellow, and green were the three colors that received the highest ratings for subjective spatial comfort from passengers, with ratings of 0.58, 0.55, and 0.35, respectively, which are data-supported for visuospatial optimization.

In-situ experiment research on environmental vibration transmission characteristics of air-rail combined airport

The rail transit and civil aviation are the important components of the comprehensive transportation system. The development of the air-rail combined transport is an important effective way for China to become a country with strong transportation network. The transportation intersection form of railway under-passing airport transportation hub gradually becomes popular, thus the environmental vibration due to the under-passing railway cannot be ignored. In this paper, a large-scale integrated transportation hub construction project was taken as an example to analyze the transmission rule of environmental vibration due to the high-speed railway at the speed of 350 km/h under-passing airport in terms of the time domain and frequency domain by means of the on-site in-situ wheel-drop test. The research results show that the vertical vibration response of the ground surface along the normal direction of the railway is greater than those of the other two directions within 40 m from the centerline of the track. A vibration amplification zone appears within 5-40 m. The longitudinal vibration response of the ground surface is greater than those of the other two directions within 40-70 m. The local vibration amplification zones appear within 5-20 m and 30-60 m. The lateral vibration level of the ground surface along the normal direction of the railway increase gradually, but attenuates at the distance of 40 m and 10 m with the maximum attenuation rate of 0.67. The vertical vibration level amplifies at the distance of 60 m. The longitudinal vibration level attenuates at the distance of 20 m with the maximum attenuation rate of 0.3, but amplifies at the distance of 40 m with the maximum amplification rate of 1.8.

Construction of Risk Control Decision-Making Model Platform for Transportation Hub Projects under the Background of Message Technique

With the acceleration of urbanization, the construction and operation of comprehensive transportation hub have promoted the development of regional economy. However, due to its huge scale, high building density, and crowded public space, the safety status of the comprehensive transportation hub is worrying. As the node of various transportation modes, the efficient operation of the transportation system is closely related to it, but many potential risks threaten the operation safety of integrated transportation hub all the time. Therefore, risk management is an important work to ensure the safe operation of integrated transportation hub. With the deepening of technology application, the application scope of information technology has also been expanded to complete the analysis and simulation of technical scheme and construction organization process, find problems in time, and take preventive measures, so as to optimize the design scheme, reduce unnecessary losses, and speed up the construction progress. In this study, information technology is used to construct the risk control decision model of transportation hub project. According to the research, the change of the target value of the algorithm in this study is 29% better than that of the traditional algorithm, and it can get better results and get the optimal solution quickly when applied to the intelligent traffic dispatching management system.

Mitigating the Vulnerability of a High-Speed Railway–Air Network by Optimizing the Location of Integrated Transportation Hubs

High-speed trains and flights are the backbone of interregional transportation. A coupled high-speed railway–air transportation network (HRATN) allows these two modes of transportation to substitute for each other when the HRATN is threatened by extreme events. During train and flight operations, the area of influence and occurrence of extreme events are difficult to predict. Reasonably selected integrated transportation hubs can mitigate the vulnerability of HRATNs to extreme events. Optimizing the locations of integrated transportation hubs makes full use of the transport resources of both modes and facilitates the transfer of passengers, thereby decreasing the losses caused by extreme events. In this research, a tri-level model is established to reduce the potential worst loss by optimizing the location of the integrated transportation hub. The column-and-constraint generation algorithm based on duality is used to solve the model. For an illustrative example case, the enumeration method and sensitivity analysis show that building more integrated hubs can mitigate HRATN vulnerability but decreases unit investment income. This trivial conclusion verifies the validity of the model constructed in this paper. For a real-world case, comparing the corresponding models that do not consider extreme events reveals that the proposed strategy does not conflict with the decision-making in the normalized situation, thus verifying the usability of the present research.

Effects of architecture structure on volatile organic compound and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon diffusion in Singapore's Integrated Transport Hubs

Millions of passengers wait for buses at Integrated Transport Hubs (ITH) daily in metropolitan cities. Environmental exposure and associated risk for passengers is of great public concern. In this study, eight volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the 16 EPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in airborne samples collected from indoor waiting areas (Indoor) and bus parks of nine Singapore ITH, which comprises of two types of architectural structure (i.e., fully sheltered and open/partially enclosed). The median concentrations of total VOCs (TVOCs), total gaseous PAHs (TgPAHs) and total airborne particles-adsorbed PAH (TpPAHs) concentrations in Indoor were 30.42 μg/m3, 18.99 ng/m3 and 1.38 ng/m3; respectively. A strong correlation (r ≥ 0.75, p < 0.001) was observed between Indoor and bus parks air compounds. The “Indoor” to bus park pollutant concentration ratio (I/B ratio) showed lower values in the bus interchanges with fully sheltered bus parks (TVOCs: 0.98; TgPAHs: 0.76; TpPAHs: 0.71) than those with open/partially enclosed ones (TVOCs: 1.28; TgPAHs: 1.31; TpPAHs: 0.90). This result suggests that fully sheltered structure may cause the accumulation of air pollutants. The daily VOC and PAH exposure for commuters were further estimated by considering inhalation and dermal doses using Monte Carlo simulation (n = 100,000). Overall, the result showed that the risk is still within international guideline values. In sum, the effect of architecture structure on the migration of air pollutants should be taken into consideration in future transport hub design to reduce pollutant exposure to commuters.

Examining indoor air pollution in a large-scale integrated transportation hub in Shanghai

With the rapid growth of travel demand and massive investments in transportation infrastructure, large-scale integrated transport hubs that connect multiple transport modes are emerging in many cities. Indoor air pollution in such hubs could have significant adverse impact on passengers’ health due to the high passenger volume and the pivotal role in the transport system. In this study, we examine the distribution and determinants of air pollutant concentrations in large transport hubs using Hongqiao Hub in Shanghai, China as an example. We measure air pollutant concentrations and meteorological factors on 6 days throughout a year in different areas of the hub. We explore the spatial and temporal distribution of air pollutants within the hub and apply General Addictive Models to assess the relationship between air pollution, meteorological factors, and location attributes. We find that motor vehicles including taxis and parking vehicles are a major source of air pollutants in the hub. Based on the research findings, we propose measures to mitigate indoor air pollution in the hub and discuss policy implications.

Study on the connection mode of comprehensive hub based on urban traffic network

Since the 21st century, with the rapid development of various modes of transportation, the network integrated transportation hub planning is undergoing new changes. Comprehensive hub is not only an important carrier to connect multiple transportation modes, but also reflects the overall transportation efficiency and service level of different transportation modes. How to improve the passenger flow organization efficiency of urban comprehensive transportation hub is of great practical significance. Based on the proportion of traffic hub functional areas as the breakthrough point, relying on a comprehensive traffic hub in Binhai New Area of Tianjin, this paper aims to optimize the weight relationship among the functional areas of the comprehensive traffic hub, allocate the location and spatial sequence relationship of each functional area based on the weight relationship, and discuss the problem of improving the passenger flow organization efficiency of the comprehensive traffic hub and the corresponding measures. The research results show that intercity station buildings have high proportion and large scale in the comprehensive hub, and should be arranged in an important central position.

Research on Problems and Countermeasures of Railway Emergency Management System

With the development of economy and transportation process, China's comprehensive transportation system has gradually become large-scale. High-efficiency integrated transportation will become an inevitable change in the development of transportation productivity to a certain stage. Safe transport industry is therefore in an extremely important position. Taking the sub-module railway transportation of the integrated transportation hub as an example, this paper analyzes the current emergency response factors based on the current situation of railway emergency treatment, and improves the release quality, dispatching command capability and construction of the railway emergency dispatch command. The railway emergency command system solves the current problems in these three aspects, and proposes a new mode of " Database + emergency " fault handling to ensure safe and efficient railway emergency disposal.

An experimental study on the vibration propagation of high-speed railway integrated transportation hub station structure

<p indent="0mm">In order to better understand the very complicated vibration characteristics of an integrated transportation hub station where vibrations are often excited by the high-speed trains entering and exiting at a much lower speed, a large-scale field measurement was carried out in the waiting hall of the Nanchang West Railway Station. Four kinds of measuring points are set up in the waiting hall to study the propagation characteristics of the vibration caused by high-speed railway in and out of the train at low speed in the time-domain and frequency-domain. At the same time, the propagation characteristics of the vibration caused by the high-speed railway in the vertical and along-rail directions of the waiting hall are studied. The influence of different structural positions such as expansion joints on the propagation characteristics of vibration is also studied. The results show that vibration propagation can be greatly influenced by the used beam-column structure. The restraint provided by such structure can effectively suppress the vibration above <sc>40 Hz,</sc> with the largest vibration response found at the center of the large-span plate sitting on top. The vibration response at the edge of expansion joint increases significantly. Therefore, vibration mitigation measures should be considered at those positions. The bridge separation structure of the integrated transportation hub station can effectively block the propagation of high-frequency vibrations above <sc>40 Hz.</sc> But for vibrations lower than <sc>40 Hz,</sc> the effect is very limited as they can still transmit through the separation via the structure-soil-structure path. In general, the comprehensive vertical vibration response in the integrated transportation hub station is larger than that in the horizontal direction, which dominates, but from the frequency division frequency band, the horizontal vibration is larger than the vertical vibration in the low frequency band lower than <sc>5 Hz</sc>. At the same time, the horizontal vibration propagation attenuation is not obviously affected by the constraint of structure beam-column.

From “Comprehensive Transportation Hub” to “City New Sitting Room”---Overall the design about Jinan East district comprehensive transportation hub

integrated transport hub or high-speed rail station often talked about, often known as the “city portal” and the title of “city window”, so the comprehensive transportation hub or the high-speed rail station of a city is very important to a region or a provincial. At the same time, it reflects that the managers and users of a city only focus on the comprehensive transportation hub of transportation service function and ignore her cities attributes and functions. Jinan east district comprehensive transportation hub in the beginning of design is given a feature that it has to serve both the traffic and city. We are trying to build a new center for Jinan east new town, the window to welcome people, the city hall of hospitality.

Transportation Hub-Kumanovo

The modern way of life is conditioned by fast transportation. This, in turn, requires integration of many additional contents that opens the opportunity to the passengers for quick access to their target-food, accommodation, entertainment, communication.&#x0D; The distance of the existing railway station (3.7 km from the city centre) makes it hardly accessible to the population, therefore it is neglected and the rail traffic in the city of Kumanovo is minimized. On the other hand, the bus station has a good location, but the building is in poor condition, which impedes the functioning of the city and intercity bus service. Adjacent to the existing bus station, a segment of the railroad from the proposed "Corridor 8" transits, which opens the question of the importance of rail transport and its impact in the further development of the city. These considerations clearly indicate the need to establish an integrated transport hub, whose proposed location touches the downtown area, but is still in the zone between the city and the suburbia, which includes adjoining contents such as: retail, hospitality and culture, which will help achieve the goal of the transportation hub as a starting point of development of a new city nucleus, a new point in the city.

Airline and railway disintegration in China: the case of Shanghai Hongqiao Integrated Transport Hub

In China, the need to integrate the air and rail networks has been identified and dozens of transport hubs that include air and HSR links have been built or are planned. In this research, which is complementary to Chen and Lin, the level and potential for air–rail integration at Shanghai Hongqiao Integrated Transport Hub is examined and analyzed. The results show that despite the excellent infrastructure the actual level of integration is low, while the potential benefits from such integration could be very large. It seems that in China the main barrier for air–rail integration is institutional and stems from the institutional (and cultural) division between air and rail transport and from the importance placed on promoting competition almost at any cost – both of these barriers can be said to be ‘imported’ to China from (especially) the U.S. and Europe. But with the infrastructure for air–rail integration in place, the potential to realize such an integration is far greater. A move away from the uni-modal governance and planning of transport can open the door not only to air–rail integration but to the creation of a truly integrated transport system in China.

Coordination of Feeder Bus Schedule with Train Service at Integrated Transport Hubs

This paper proposes a schedule coordination method for transfer problems between an urban rail transit service and its feeder bus service. For given train schedules, a novel mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model is formulated to obtain a coordinated bus schedule with the objective of minimizing the weighted sum of passenger transfer costs and bus operating costs. The queuing process for transfer passengers at the transport hubs, which is attributed to both high transfer volumes and limited bus capacity, is discussed and considered in the coordination problem. The vital decision variable is the terminal departure time of each target feeder bus trip within a certain time period. A hybrid solution method that integrates heuristic and enumerative algorithms was developed to solve the MINLP model, and numerical experiments were conducted for different scenarios. The results indicate that the feeder bus schedule coordinated by the developed model is capable of substantially reducing the transfer waiting time for train passengers with a slight increase in bus operating costs.

The Integration of Air and Rail Technologies: Shanghai's Hongqiao Integrated Transport Hub

This paper examines the different approaches to integrating air and rail technologies and their services at the Shanghai Hongqiao Integrated Transport Hub (“the Hongqiao Hub”) in China. Even though the Hongqiao Hub has the advantage of having both an airport and a railway station located at the same place, its level of air-rail integration remains at a low or moderate level. By analyzing existing air and rail services and potential travel demands, this paper recommends further streamlining the relationships among the Shanghai Airport Authority, the Shanghai Railway Bureau, and airline companies by fostering air-rail integration through the improvement of joint ticketing and code-sharing, direct luggage transfer, the provision of the fast and convenient connection from the Hongqiao International Airport to the Pudong International Airport, and air-rail linkage service area expansion.

Present state, problems and development trends of urban underground space in China

The status, problems and trends of China’s underground space development are presented in this paper. In association with the features of use of China’s underground space, such as the large scale, rapid development, high speed subway, various forms are summarized. Five problems in the use of underground space in China are put forward, including the uncoordinated solutions, unintegrated management system, incomplete regulations, incomplete planning, and unclear policy. Four use trends of underground space are also presented, together with (1) the integrated planning, construction and management relating to the development of underground space in central business district (CBD) of Beijing, after World Expo in Shanghai and the business district in south Ningbo; (2) introducing the urban underground complex with an integrated transport hub as its center relating to the cases of Hongqiao Transport Hub and Beijing South Railway Station; (3) the development of underground subway, road and logistic system; (4) the scientific utilization of underground water storage space and aeration of “sponge city”. In this study, some institutional perspective on the use of underground space is also given.

Structural Equation Modeling for Pedestrians’ Perception in Integrated Transport Hubs

This study uses the structural equation modeling (SEM) to reflect the pedestrians’ perception that affects the level of service of the integrated transport hubs (ITHs). Firstly, the passengers’ satisfaction survey is designed, according to their perception, to investigate its main influencing factors at North Avenue station, Xi’an, China. Secondly, based on the SEM, the level of service of the ITH is quantified in accordance with pedestrians’ safety demand, comfort demand, convenience demand and service demand. The interactions between pedestrians’ perception and their relationship with ITHs are considered in the model. Results show that, the expected path coefficient of passengers is 0.9200 at the studied site, and the satisfaction path coefficients of passengers is 0.7120, which is 77.39% fit with expectations. The path coefficients are all below 0.6000 and the value of convenience perception is only 0.2997, which are at a low level. This article provides a theoretical basis and reference for the optimal design of the ITHs and the full play of the service function.

Managing Transportation Megaproject Schedule Risks Using Structural Equation Modelling: A Case Study of Shanghai Hongqiao Integrated Transport Hub in China

Tight schedules, multifunctional scopes, and colossal sizes usually characterize transportation megaprojects as challenging tasks for completion. In order to address these situations, a schedule risk management method was developed in this paper based on the structural equation model. In the proposed method, risk identification, evaluation and response were arranged as a sequence, and the expert elicitation technique was adopted in order to quantify the schedule risk status. To demonstrate the applicability of the proposed model, a megaproject case in China, the Shanghai Hongqiao Integrated Transport Hub (SHITH), was chosen. Information within the expanded risk register was collected including the probability and consequence of risk events, the complexity of risk responsible owners, the reaction time, and the time lasting for risk countermeasures. Final risk control results showed that the method could not only address the schedule risks correlations effectively, but also maintained the simplicity for construction management practices.

Dostosowanie Zintegrowanego Centrum Komunikacyjnego w Poznaniu do potrzeb osób niepełnosprawnych

Dostosowanie Zintegrowanego Centrum Komunikacyjnego w Poznaniu do potrzeb osób niepełnosprawnych

The node-place analysis on the “hubtropolis” urban form: The case of Shanghai Hongqiao air-rail hub

This paper uses the Shanghai Hongqiao Integrated Transportation Hub (“the Hongqiao Hub”) as an empirical case to conduct a preliminary node (transportation functional value) and place (urban functional value) analysis. The Hongqiao Hub is the strategic node not only for the Hongqiao Business District (“the Hongqiao Hubtropolis”), but also for the western Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, and the rest of Yangtze River Delta Region and beyond. This newly emerging “hubtropolis” is a brand new urban form integrating air, rail and other transportation modes as well as urban functions, which is more complicated than single-mode “aerotropolis” urban form in terms of both node functions and place functions. The existing Hongqiao Hub remains as the unbalanced node case, but will become more balanced after the complete construction of the Hongqiao Business District. This study also finds that, even though Bertolini's node-place model provides an important tool, its operationalisation remains a huge challenge.