Integrated Nutrient Management Research Articles

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management in China Aster cv. Arka Poornima Under Mid Hills of Himalayas

The present investigation was conducted to investigate the effect of integrated nutrient management on vegetative parameters of China aster cv. Arka Poornima under the mid hills of Himachal Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in simple randomized design (RBD) with eighteen treatments. The experiment was conducted at the Kakhali research farm of Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Himachal Pradesh during kharif season in 2023. For integrated nutrient management eighteen treatments were constituted with three levels of recommend dose of inorganic fertilizers (50, 75 and 100 %) and three biofertilizers viz., Azotobacter, PSB and KSB along with control. The observations for the vegetative parameters plant height (cm) at maturity, numbers of leaves, number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, leaf area per plant, leaf area index and plant spread were recorded and analyzed. The plant height (91.40 cm), No. of leaves (356.13), No. of primary branches (12.40) and secondary branches (33.70) were found maximum in treatment T12 (RDF@75% + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB), while the lowest values were observed in T0 (control). The highest leaf area (27.49 cm2) was found in T8 (RDF@75% + Azotobacter), while the leaf area index (12.02) and plant spread (16.57 cm) were found in treatment T11 (RDF@75% + Azotobacter + PSB). The lowest values for leaf area (17.77 cm2), leaf area index (5.48) and plant spread (11.82 cm) were found in treatments T14 (RDF@100% + Azotobacter), T16 (RDF@100% + KSB) and T10 (RDF@75% + KSB), respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that, application of T12 (RDF@75% + Azotobacter + PSB + KSB) is best for the getting higher production in China aster followed by T11 (RDF@75% + Azotobacter + PSB). This study will reduce the use of inorganic fertilizer without polluting the soil and environment.

Long-Term Impact of Crop Diversification and Nutrient Management on Soil Phosphorus Pools in Indo-Gangetic Plain

ABSTRACT Understanding the dynamics of soil phosphorus (P) over extended periods of soil and crop management practices is essential for sustainable P management. This study assessed the impact of four crop rotations [maize-wheat (M-W), maize-wheat-mungbean (M-W-Mb), maize-wheat-maize-chickpea (M-W-M-C), and pigeonpea-wheat (P-W)] each with three levels of nutrient management [control (CT), integrated nutrient management (suboptimal fertilizer+ farmyard manure + crop residue + bio-fertilizers; INM), and sole-chemical fertilizers (CF)] on soil inorganic and organic P (Pi and Po) pools and crop–soil relationships at the end of 15-year cropping. Legume-inclusive rotations resulted in higher labile-P pools, being higher with M-W-M-C and P-W. M-W-M-C rotation had higher moderately labile organic P (Po) in both surface (+23%) and subsurface (+18%) depths over M-W. Di-calcium P (Ca2-P) (+6%) and microbial biomass P (MBP) (+46%) increased in M-W-Mb over M-W, while iron-P (Fe-P) was reduced (−12%) in subsurface soil. INM enhanced bioavailable-P [soluble-P (+17%), labile-Pi (+15%) labile-Po (+12%), MBP (+96%), moderately labile-Po (+22%)] over CF in surface soil, while CF had a higher Fe-P (+16%). Legumes in rotation caused notable changes in the surface-to-subsurface ratio (SSBR) of Ca2-P (1.18–1.50) and occluded-P (1.64–2.78). INM had a higher SSBR of labile-P pools but had a lower SSBR of occluded-P facilitating mobilization of the later in the surface. Hence, in tropical soils, legume-inclusive diversification (particularly with chickpea) and INM involving crop residue recycling could be a sustainable option to improve P use efficiency, crop productivity, and save fertilizer resources.

Productivity of soybean (Glycine max) varieties under different levels of integrated nutrient management

The present experiment was conducted during the rainy (kharif) seasons of 2019 and 2020 at Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal to study the performance of various soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] varieties under different levels of integrated nutrient management. A three-time repeated factorial randomized block design (F-RBD) was used for the experiment having 3 varieties (Factor 1), viz. PS-1225; YEZIN-15; and PS-24 and 5 nutrient management treatments (Factor 2), viz. 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF); 75% RDF+3 t/ha farmyard manure (FYM); 75% RDF+1.5 t/ha vermicompost; 75% RDF+3 t/ha FYM+25 kg/ha ZnSO4; and 75% RDF+1.5 t/ha vermicompost+25 kg/ha ZnSO4. Findings explored that 75% RDF+1.5 t/ha vermicompost+25 kg/ha ZnSO4 supply in PS-24 variety ensured highest seed yield (2601 kg/ha), stover yield (5241 kg/ha) and harvest index (33.17%) owing from high nutrient uptakes. Further, production economics stated that PS-24 cultivated with 75% RDF+1.5 t/ ha vermicompost+25 kg/ha ZnSO4 supply registered maximum net return (₹42994/ha) and benefit cost (B:C) ratio (2.32) indicating its suitability in eastern Indian condition.

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Nutrient Content and their Uptake by Mung Bean Crop (Vigna radiata L.) under Mid Hill Conditions of Himachal Pradesh

Aim: To study the effect of integrated nutrient management on nutrient content and uptake by mungbean crop under mid hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh. Study Design: Randomized block design. Abhilashi University, Chail Chowk, Mandi, (H.P.), during kharif of 2023. Methodology: The experiment was conducted with three replications and eight treatments viz. T1= Absolute control, T2= 100% RDF + biofertilizers, T3= 75% RDF + biofertilizers, T4= 75% RDF + 25% N by poultry manure + biofertilizers, T5= 75% RDF + 25% N by vermicompost + biofertilizers, T6= 50% RDF + 50% N by poultry manure + biofertilizers, T7= 50% RDF + 50% N by vermicompost + biofertilizers, T8= 50% RDF + 50% N by poultry manure + vermicompost + biofertilizers. Results: The study of the data revealed that the non-significant effect of integrated nutrient management practices was found on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in grain and straw of mungbean, whereas, the maximum content of these nutrients was found in treatment T2. However, treatment T2 recorded significantly the highest uptake of N, P and K by grain, straw and total uptake by mungbean crop, which was statistically at par with treatment T5 and T4. The minimum content of N, P and K in grain and straw along with their uptake by grain, straw and total uptake by mungbean crop were found under the treatment T1 during the field experiment. Conclusion: This study showed that the different integrated nutrient management practices had non-significant effect on the nutrient content but it has significantly affected the uptake of nutrients by mungbean crop.

Impact of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) on Growth Attributes of Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cv. Winter Dawn

A study entitled Impact of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) on growth attributes of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) in district Banda, Uttar Pradesh was carried out at the "Green shade Net house" located in the Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture, Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda (U.P.), during the academic years of 2022-23 and 2023-24. Eleven treatments using various combinations of N, P, K, nano urea, bio fertilizers, and organic manures were tested in a Randomised Block Design with three replicates. The experiment's primary objective was to determine the effect of nano technology on the vegetative growth traits of strawberry cv. Winter Dawn. According to the findings of 2 years study and pooled results, application of treatment T4 [75% N (Nano Urea) + 75% PK (Basal) + 250 kg VC + AZO + PSB] proved to be most effective treatment to increase growth attributes of strawberry i.e., plant height 9.09 cm, 13.61 cm and 17.78 cm at 30, 60 and 90 DAP, respectively; plant spread i.e., 12.75 cm, 21.32 cm, and 23.44 cm at 30 ,60 and 90 DAP, respectively;number of leaves i.e., 5.75, 13.81 and 17.87 at30, 60 and 90 DAP, respectively; leaf length i.e., 4.70 cm, 5.80 cm and 8.29 cm at 30, 60 and 90 DAP, respectively; leaf width i.e., 5.94 cm, 7.53 cm and 11.60 cm at 30, 60 and 90 DAP, respectively; Leaf area (cm2) i.e., 40.31 cm2, 51.93 cm2,66.38 cm2 number of runners per plant i.e., 5.27, number of crowns per plant i.e., 4.39, biomass of fresh weight (g) i.e., 147.37 g and Biomass of dry weight (g) i.e., 36.84 g. Therefore, application of 75%N (Nano Urea) + 75% PK (Basal) + 250 Kg VC + AZO + PSB] proved to be most effective treatment to increase growth attributes of strawberry and same can be recommended to the growers.

Effect of Different Levels of Integrated Nutrient Management in Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

A field experiment was conducted during the Rabi session of 2020-21 in Jaunpur district which lies Indo-Gangetic plains of Central Uttar Pradesh to study the effect of integrated nutrient management in mustard (Brassica juncea L.). The trial was laid down in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications and twelve treatments viz, T1 100% RDF, T2 100% RDF + Azotobacter, T3 100% RDF + Azotobacter + PSB, T4 75% RDF + 25% N from FYM, T5 75% RDF + 25% N from FYM + Azotobacter, T6 75% RDF + 25% N from FYM + Azotobacter + PSB, T7 50% RDF + 50% N from FYM, T8 50% RDF + 50% N from FYM + Azotobacter, T9 50% RDF + 50% N from FYM + Azotobacter + PSB, T10 25% RDF + 75% N from FYM, T11 25% RDF + 75% N from FYM + Azotobacter, T12 25% RDF + 75% N from FYM + Azotobacter + PSB. Result of this study revealed that there was significant effect on growth and yield parameters. Plant height, number of branches, number of siliques, length of silique, number of seed per siliqua, test weight, seed and stover yield in T6 which was statistically at par with T9, T8, T7, T3. Maximum yield (1807 kg/ha) was recorded in T6. It may be concluded that RDF with organic Manure (FYM) and Biofertilizer (Azotobacter + PSB) is possible to produce more yield in mustard crops cultivated without much soil productivity under Indo-Gangetic plains of central Uttar Pradesh.

Effect of integrated nutrient management on baby corn (Zea mays L.) in new alluvial zone of West Bengal, India in rabi season

Effect of integrated nutrient management on baby corn (Zea mays L.) in new alluvial zone of West Bengal, India in rabi season

Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth yield and economics of late sown wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth yield and economics of late sown wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Effect of different nutrient management practices on productivity, profitability and nutrient dynamics in forage-based cropping systems under mid-hill conditions of north-western Himalayas

A field experiment was conducted at the research farm of Fodder Section, CSKHPKV, Palampur, from Kharif 2018 to Rabi 2019-20 to study the effect of different nutrient management practices in forage-based cropping systems. Ten nutrient management practices in two cropping systems were tested in randomized block design with three replications. Integrated nutrient management, i.e., 50% recommended N + 10 t/ha FYM + 10% Jeevamrit and 50% recommended N+ 10 t/ha FYM + 5% Jeevamrit and recommended NPK behaving alike resulted in higher oat green fodder equivalent yield, nutrient uptake (N, P and K) and system productivity of sorghum + pearl millet - oat + sarson/wheat cropping systems. An increase in soil organic carbon content was observed with integrated nutrient management (50% recommended N + 10 t/ha FYM + Jeevamrit) and organic nutrient management (10 t/ha FYM + Jeevamrit) over the initial status at the end of sorghum + pearl millet - oat + sarson/wheat cropping systems. Integrated nutrient management improved available soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents over the initial values. Significantly higher available soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents were recorded with integrated nutrient management as well as with recommended NPK through inorganic sources over other treatments comprised of organic and natural farming systems of nutrition in both the cropping systems. Recommended NPK proved most profitable with the highest net returns and benefit-cost ratio in sorghum + pearl millet - oat + sarson/wheat cropping systems. Sorghum + pearl millet - oat + sarson cropping system comprised of all fodder crops resulted in higher productivity and profitability but did not increase soil available nutrient status as compared to sorghum + pearl millet - wheat cropping system comprised of fodder as well as grain crops.

TRAINING NEED ASSESSMENT OF AGRI-INPUT DEALERS

In India, research and extension are two crucial components of agricultural growth. To achieve continuous expansion in agriculture, an effective extension system can quickly disseminate farm technology throughout farming communities. Agricultural input dealers play a significant role in the production and sale of agricultural products in addition to the extension services provided to farmers by the state Department of Agriculture and other organizations. Due to their easy accessibility in rural regions, they build a solid connection and help to enhance the agricultural extension system by offering the farming community useful services in a way that disseminates technology. Therefore, it is crucial that they take refresher training courses to provide themselves with the most recent agricultural expertise and information. Hence keeping this in mind, the present investigation was conducted in Jorhat, Golaghat, Morigaon and Udalguri districts of Assam during 2021-22 to ascertain training needs of agro-input dealers. A total 120 numbers of Agri-input dealers were selected as respondents by proportionate allocation method from each of the four districts. Data were collected by using pretested structured interview schedule. The needs assessment were done in the training areas viz., manures and fertilizers , pesticides, seeds, farm machineries, computer application and record keeping with three point continuum of 'much needed', 'needed' and 'not needed' having the value of 3,2 and 1 respectively. The data were analyzed with the help of proper statistical techniques and it was revealed that 96.66 percent of the respondents require training on integrated nutrient management practices, 70 percent have much need for pest protection of stored seeds, training on certification techniques of seeds (76.66 %), latest farm implements and machinery (78.06 %) and 75.97 percent have much need for training on record keeping software. A few characteristics of the dealers like age, experience in dealership, input supply and annual income have significantly negative relationship with their training needs.

Effect of integrated nutrient management on the cauliflower yield and soil properties

Cauliflower is one of the most important and preferred vegetables and effective nutrient management is essential to improve production as well as soil properties. Thus, the study was conducted to examine the impact of integrated nutrient management on cauliflower and soil at Ghorahi, Dang district of Nepal. The single-factor experiment was organized employing a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. In this study, nitrogen (N) was applied through different sources viz 100% N via urea, 50% N via urea + 50% N via farmyard manure, 50% N via urea + 50% N via pig manure, 50% N via urea + 50% N via vermicompost, 50% N via urea + 25% N via farmyard manure + 25% N via pig manure, 50% N via urea + 25% N via pig manure + 25% N via vermicompost, 50% N via urea + 25% N via farm yard manure + 25% N via vermicompost and 50% N via urea + 50% N via (farmyard manure + pig manure + vermicmpost in 1:1:1). Among different treatments, 50% N via urea + 50% N via vermicompost recorded the highest curd diameter (17.72 cm), curd height (11.57 cm), curd weight (0.76 kg), curd yield per hectare (31.67 t ha-1), soil organic matter (3.31%), total nitrogen (0.157%), available phosphorus (76.78 kg ha-1) as well as available potassium (860.20 kg ha-1). Therefore, it is suggested to apply 50% N via urea and 50% N via vermicompost for better cauliflower production and soil properties.

Enhancing rice productivity through holistic nutrient management: integrating vermicompost and Azolla for improved agronomic performance and sustainability

A three-year multi-location trial on the farmer’s field was conducted in West Bengal, India to evaluate the impact of integrated nutrient management (INM) on the performance of kharif rice cv. Swarna Sub 1. The experiment employed a randomized block design (RBD) across eleven farmers’ fields with similar soil properties, texture, topography, and historical fertilizer application patterns. Three treatments were tested: T1 – common practice of applying N:P:K @ 55:32:27 kg ha−1, T2 – soil test-based application (STA) of ∼75% recommended N dose through chemical fertilizer + ∼ 25% through Azolla, and T3 – soil test-based application of ∼ 75% recommended N dose through chemical fertilizer + 20% N from vermi-compost + 5% N through Azolla. The result of the experiment revealed that the T3 exhibited significant improvements in plant height, leaf area index (LAI), effective tillers meter−2, number of panicles plant−1, and 1000-grain weight compared to T2 and T1. Among the different nutrient management practices, the T3 recorded maximum rice grain productivity than the T1, and T2, Further, the benefit-cost ratio was noticed significantly higher under T3 (1.29) followed by T2 (1.27) and T1 (1.23). The soil organic carbon (SOC), available nutrient was enhanced by the soil test-based application of ∼75% recommended N dose through chemical fertilizer + 20% N from vermicompost + 5% N through Azolla. Thus, our study indicated that the balanced nutrient application through combined sources (T3) could improve crop growth; and sustain rice productivity, besides enhancing the farm income, and soil different soil properties.

Impact of Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield, Soil, and Plant Nutrient Status in Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis L.) cv. Phule Mosambi

ABSTRACT Impact of integrated nutrient management on plant and soil nutrient status in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L.) cv. Phule Mosambi was investigated for two consecutive years i.e. 2019 and 2020 at the Horticultural Research Farm, College of Horticulture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) comprised of 11 treatments replicated thrice. Significantly higher yield was recorded with T11 [50% Recommended Dose of Nitrogen (RDN) + 20 kg farmyard manure (FYM)/tree +25% nitrogen (N) from Castor Cake + 10 ml Bio NPK Consortium + Micronutrient foliar spray (1% Grade IV)] (17.35 and 17.01 t/ha) which was at par with T10 (15.92 and 15.56 a t/ha) during 2019 and 2020, respectively. Amongst the treatments, T11 had increased the nutrient contents of soil as well as in plant and recorded maximum available nitrogen (N), available potassium (K), soil boron (B) content, plant nitrogen (N) content, plant iron (Fe) content, plant copper (Cu) content and plant boron (B) content in both the years whereas available phosphorous (P) was found higher in treatment T7 in both the years. Treatment T8 recorded highest soil copper (Cu) content in both the years. As far as plant zinc (Zn) content is concerned, it was found higher in treatment T9 in both the years.

Impact of Agricultural Practices on Nitrate Pollution in Groundwater in India

Purpose: The aim of the study was to examine impact of agricultural practices on nitrate pollution in groundwater in India Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: a significant environmental concern with far-reaching implications for human health, ecosystem integrity, and water resource management. It is evident that agricultural activities such as fertilizer application, irrigation methods, and land management practices play a pivotal role in exacerbating nitrate contamination of groundwater. The studies highlighted the complex interactions between agricultural activities and hydrological processes, elucidating the pathways through which nitrates migrate from soil to groundwater. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Diffuse Pollution Theory, Hydrological Connectivity Theory & Sustainable Agriculture Theory may be used to anchor future studies on impact of agricultural practices on nitrate pollution in groundwater in India. Encourage the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices that minimize nitrate pollution while maintaining agricultural productivity. This includes promoting precision agriculture techniques, cover cropping, and integrated nutrient management systems to optimize fertilizer use and reduce nitrate leaching. Strengthen regulations and enforcement mechanisms to limit nitrate pollution from agricultural activities. This may include setting stringent water quality standards for nitrate concentrations in groundwater and implementing monitoring programs to assess compliance.

Integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in central alluvial tract of Uttar Pradesh

Integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in central alluvial tract of Uttar Pradesh

Integrated nutrient management (INM) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Integrated nutrient management (INM) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield attributes and soil quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield attributes and soil quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Quality of Fodder Oats (Avena sativa (L.))

A field experiment was conducted at Instructional Farm College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner during rabi 2019- 2020 entitled the “Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and quality of fodder oats (Avena sativa L.)”. Fourteen INM treatment viz.,100 % RDF, 100% RDF + FYM @ 20.0 t ha–1, 100 % RDF + PSB, 100% RDF + PSB + ZnSO4 @ 12.5 kg ha–1, 75% RDF, 75% RDF + Vermicompost @ 5.0 t ha–1, 75% RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha–1, 75% RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha–1 + PSB, 75% RDF +Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha–1 + ZnSO4 @12.5 kg ha–1, 75% RDF + FYM @ 20.0 t ha–1, 75% RDF + FYM @ 10.0 t ha–1, 75% RDF + FYM @ 10.0 t ha–1 + PSB, 75% RDF + FYM @ 10.0 t ha–1 + PSB + ZnSO4 @ 12.5 kg/ha, Control (untreated) were laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The results revealed that application of all treatments were significant increased N, P and Zn content and uptake and crude protein in fodder oats also enhanced with application of 75% RDF + FYM @ 10 t ha–1 + PSB + ZnSO4 @ 12.5 kg ha–1. But significantly highest crude fiber content was recorded under control and lowest with application of 75% RDF + FYM @ 10 t ha–1 + PSB + ZnSO4 @ 12.5 kg ha–1.

Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield character of chickpea

Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield character of chickpea

Development of unique soil organic carbon stability index under influence of integrated nutrient management in four major soil orders of India

Stability of soil organic carbon (SOC) is pre-requisite for stabilization of C leading to long-term C sequestration. However, development of a comprehensive metric of SOC stability is a major challenge. The objectives for the study were to develop novel SOC stability indices by encompassing physical, chemical, and biochemical SOC stability parameters and identifying the most important indicators from a Mollisol, an Inceptisol, a Vertisol, and an Alfisol under long-term manuring and fertilization. The treatments were control, 100%NPK, 50% NPK+ 50% N through either farmyard manure, cereal residue, or green manure. SOC stability indicators were selected, transformed and integrated into unique SOC stability indices via conceptual framework and principal component analysis. Principal component analysis identified Al-macroaggregate, humic acid C-microaggregate, microaggregate-C, particulate organic matter-C-macroaggregate and polyphenol-microaggregate as the important SOC stability indicators. The principal component analysis -based SOC stability index varied from 0.2 to 0.9, 0.1 to 0.5, 0.2 to 0.6, 0.1 to 0.5 for Mollisol, Inceptisol, Vertisol and Alfisol, respectively. The SOC-stability index derived from conceptual framework and principal component analysis significantly lined up well with one another, although NaOCl-Res-C showed a high correlation with both conceptual framework (r = 0.8) and principal component analysis-based (r = 0.7) SOC stability indexes, suggesting that both methods might be used to quickly assess SOC stability in four soil orders. Overall, 50%NPK+50%N by farmyard manure or green manure emerged as the most effective management practices for enhancing stability of SOC in Mollisol, Inceptisol, Vertisol, and Alfisol of India which might act as major C sink in rice-wheat and maize-wheat cropping systems. The other aspect of C sequestration is to enhance agricultural productivity without depending much on expensive chemical fertilizers. The model yardstick thus developed for assessing SOC stability might be useful to other systems as well.