Integer Arithmetic Operations Research Articles

Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Matematika Siswa Sekolah Dasar Dalam Operasi Bilangan Bulat Menggunakan Media Koin Bermuatan

The low results of daily tests on mathematics subjects regarding integer arithmetic operations indicate a lack of mastery of the material. This research aims to increase elementary school students' understanding of integer counting operations through the use of charged coins. Charged coin media uses capsule coins with positive and negative charges attached to cardboard, which is designed to help students understand the concept of integer counting operations. The research method used is a literature review where researchers use journals contained in GoogleSchool which were published in 2015-2023. Based on this research, the results showed that the use of charged coin media is very appropriate for increasing students' understanding of mathematical concepts in whole number operations.

Effectiveness of Using Koin Muatan Teaching Aids to Improve Numeracy Skills

Literacy Numeracy is currently one of the topics in learning mathematics. A person is said to have Numerical Literacy Ability to count, distinguish and process various data symbols, and perform basic mathematical operations to fix the problem. However, the problem that is always faced by students today is the lack of understanding of the basic concepts of mathematics, one of which is integer arithmetic operations, so it won't be easy to understand more abstract mathematical concepts. The low numeracy literacy ability is due to the learning process not applying the suitable model or media. Therefore, it is necessary to have appropriate learning media so that students understand concepts well and can improve Numerical Literacy skills. One of the proper media or teaching aids for learning integer arithmetic operations is Koin Muatan, made with paper as a base material that symbolizes positive and negative charges. The type of research used was experimental research, a one-group pretest-posttest design pre-experimental design on 21 SD GMIT 4 Kefamenanu students. Data collection techniques were observation, tests and documentation. At the same time, the data analysis technique used is descriptive statistical analysis, inferential analysis and N-Gain analysis. The t-test results are used to test the average value before and after being given treatment and whether there is a significant effect. Based on the results of the tests performed, the average pretest and posttest values were 43.51 and 70.79. An N-Gain test was carried out to determine the large increase in numeracy literacy skills so that an N-Gain value of 0.45 was included in the moderate category. This result proves an increase in numeracy literacy skills after students are given the learning treatment using the Koin Muatan teaching aids at SD GMIT 4 Kefamenanu.

Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD pada Materi Operasi Hitung Campuran Bilangan Bulat di SDK Weepangali

The research aims to describe the results of research on improving student learning outcomes through the Stad type cooperative learning model on the material on mixed whole number arithmetic operations in class VI SDK Weepangali. This research uses the classroom action research (PTK) method, with a stad type cooperative learning model, and includes two cycles, namely planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data collection techniques are observation, tests, and documentation. The research location was at SDK Weepangali, the research subjects were 31 class VI students. The results of this research show an increase in student learning outcomes after applying the STAD type cooperative learning model to the material on mixed integer arithmetic operations. The increase in student learning outcomes can be seen from the results of this research, classical completeness before conducting the research was 49.19%, in cycle I the percentage increased to 51% and cycle II increased to 74%. Based on the results of this research, the researcher concluded that the STAD type cooperative learning model can improve student learning outcomes in the material on mixed integer arithmetic operations in class VI SDK Weepangali

Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability of Junior High School Students Based on Polya

Mathematical problem-solving ability is the ability to identify known information, ask questions, adequacy of the information needed, skill in creating or compiling mathematical models, being able to find the right solution strategy, and being able to explain and check the correctness of the solution obtained. This research aims to analyze students' mathematical problem-solving abilities in the topic on mixed integer arithmetic operations based on Polya's problem-solving steps. This research uses a qualitative approach with a narrative research type. The research subjects consisted of 32 junior high school students. Data collection was carried out using mathematical problem-solving ability test instruments and interviews with several selected participants. Data was analyzed based on Polya's problem solving steps. Based on the results of data analysis, students' problem-solving abilities obtained based on these four steps are in the form of students who can determine important information in the problem and can plan solutions resulting in them being able to solve problems more regularly, namely by executing the plans they have planned. After that, students who understand the problem well can also check the correctness of the answers they have obtained. Therefore, it is hoped that this research can help teachers to implement a learning process that can develop problem solving abilities.

Boosting Students' Representation Ability in Mathematics Using Numbered Heads Together

This study aims to examine the efficacy of the Numbered Heads Together learning model in enhancing students' proficiency in whole number calculations. Utilizing a classroom action research methodology, the research was structured into two main cycles, preceded by an initial pre-cycle phase. Each cycle comprises four phases: planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. Data were primarily collected through tests, complemented by student interviews to enrich the test findings. The gathered data were processed and analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods. The participants were nine fifth-grade students from SDN Panglegur 1 Pamekasan, Madura, Indonesia who had previously engaged with integer arithmetic operations. The findings reveal that the Numbered Heads Together model not only significantly improved students' academic performance but also positively influenced their engagement, responsibility, discipline, and confidence in interactive learning scenarios. This improvement was evident from the pre-cycle phase through to the second cycle, with student performance increasing from 33% in the pre-cycle to 56% in the first cycle, and further to 78% in the second cycle.

Mathematical Model of the Process of Raising Integers to an Arbitrary Power of a Natural Number in the System of Residual Classes

It is known that the use of a non-positional number system in residual classes (SRC) in computer systems (CS) can significantly increase the speed of the implementation of integer arithmetic operations. The use of such properties of a non-positional number system in the SRC as independence, equality and low-bitness (low-digit capacity) of the residues that define the non-positional code data structure of the SRC provides high user performance for the implementation in the CS of computational algorithms consisting of a set of arithmetic (modular) operations. The greatest efficiency from the use of the SRC is achieved when the implemented algorithms consist of a set of arithmetic operations such as addition, multiplication and subtraction. There is a large class of algorithms and tasks (tasks of implementing cryptoalgorithms, optimization tasks, computational tasks of large dimension, etc.), where, in addition to performing integer arithmetic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, raising integers modulo and others in a positive numerical range, there is a need to implement the listed above arithmetic and other operations, in the negative numerical range. The need to perform these operations in a negative numerical range significantly reduces the overall efficiency of using the SRC as a number system of the CS. In this aspect, the lack of a mathematical model for the process of raising integers in the SRC in the negative numerical region makes it difficult to develop methods and procedures for raising integers to an arbitrary power of a natural number in the SRC, both in positive and negative numerical ranges. The purpose of the article is the synthesis of a mathematical model of the process of raising integers to an arbitrary power of a natural number in the SRC, both in positive and negative numerical ranges.

Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas IV Mengenai Operasi Bilangan Bulat Dengan Permainan Maju Mundur Siap Balik (Mamunsiba) Pada Pelajaran Matematika Di SD Negeri 13 Muara Telang

Program Because it reduces student involvement in the learning process, lecture methods are considered less suitable for use in class. At SDN 13 Muara Telang, the benefit of this test is to see whether the mamunsiba game can help grade IV students learn about integer arithmetic operations. The participants in this study were 24 grade IV students at SDN 13 Muara Telang during the first semester of the 2022/23 academic year. There are 12 male students and 12 female students. Student learning completeness is measured by the value of each learning improvement cycle used to determine the success of this study. If a student achieves a score of 67 on learning outcomes, then it is considered complete, and a class is considered complete if 80% of students achieve a score of 67 or more. Nine students or 37.5% of the 24 students achieved complete learning outcomes, according to pre-cycle data. There were 15 students (62.5 percent) in cycle I, and 21 students (87.5 percent) in cycle II. Classes are considered completed if the percentage of students' completeness in cycle II exceeds 80%, or 87.5 percent, according to the circumstances. Thus it can be concluded that the mamunsiba game at SDN 13 Muara Telang improves the learning outcomes of fourth grade students about integer arithmetic operations.

Penerapan Bahan Manipulatif Balok Garis Dapat Meningkatkan Pembelajaran Operasi Hitung Campuran Bilangan Bulat

Mathematics is one of the curricular fields of study at the Elementary School (SD) level. Due to the lack of students' understanding of this lesson, especially the material for mixed integer arithmetic operations in class VI of SD Negeri Neglasari, the compiler made the learning better. Classroom Action Research (PTK) was conducted at Neglasari Public Elementary School in the second semester of the 2022–2023 school year to improve learning in class VI, which consisted of 30 students., Student learning activities in the Mathematics subject matter of arithmetic operations on mixed integers with the application of manipulative materials row blocks in two learning cycles. After carrying out learning improvement activities using the line block manipulative material, students saw improvements in their learning outcomes and activities. As shown by the data collected, the percentage of student completeness increased from 60% in the first cycle of learning activities to 93.3% in the second cycle of learning activities. Only 6.6 percent of students have not achieved the KKm score, with a class average of 74.33. According to the data collected, it can be concluded that the use of manipulative materials can improve student learning outcomes and activities in Mathematics about mixed integer arithmetic operations in class VI of SD Negeri Neglasari. Thus, one of the effective learning methods to improve student learning outcomes and activities on mixed integer arithmetic operations material

Development of Multimodal Mathematics and Indonesian Language Books for Elementary School Learning in Bandung Barat

This study aims to (1) develop multimodal mathematics and Indonesian language books for learning in elementary schools, (2) determine the feasibility level of multimodal mathematics and Indonesian books for learning in elementary schools. This study used the Borg and Gall development model research method which consisted of (1) preliminary study, (2) initial product development, (3) expert validation and product revision, (4) limited field trials and product revision, (5) test try the field and the final product. The resulting product is an Android-based learning media in the form of multimodal books for learning mathematics and Indonesian in elementary schools with the subject, integer arithmetic operations, mixed integer arithmetic operations, determining mixed arithmetic operations with whole numbers, looking for main ideas and writing poetry in elementary schools. Based on the formulation of the problem, research results, and discussion, the results of this study can be concluded that (1) the development of Multimodal Book considered several product characteristics, namely, (a) students play an active role, (b) precise and consistent language, (c) music selection, background, buttons, types, colors, attractive letters, (d) animations and images support elementary school students' understanding, (2) multimodal Mathematics and Indonesian Language Books for Elementary School Learning are appropriate to use and can improve the learning of Mathematics and Indonesian Language for Elementary School students in West Bandung Regency.

IEC61131-3 Instruction List Language Processor for FPGAs

This paper presents the architecture and field-programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation of a 32-bit central processing unit (CPU) dedicated to programmable logic controllers (PLCs). The CPU instruction set directly matches the instructions of the IEC 61131-3 standard Instruction List (IL) language. The designed IL processor is capable of handling 1-bit, 8-bit, 16-bit, and 32-bit data types. Apart from integer arithmetic operations, the IL processor also performs single precision floating-point operations included in the IEC 61131-3 IL language specification. It also directly performs instructions with a parenthesis modifier for all supported data types and facilitates the fast execution of a code containing Boolean expressions. This paper also presents the performance evaluation results of the developed IL processor. Although the IL processor executed the test algorithms substantially faster than industrial PLCs (e.g., Siemens S7-1200 and Fanux VersaMax), it turned out to be significantly slower than high-performance programmable automation controllers (PACs).

High-speed binary coded decimal digit multipliers with multiple error detection

Decimal arithmetic in the form of binary coded decimal (BCD) numbers is preferred in many financial, commercial and scientific applications. BCD multipliers are introduced as a key hardware unit to support both integer and floating-point decimal arithmetic operations. However, due to the increasing sensitivity of VLSI-based digital designs to the environmental effects, BCD multipliers are also prone to faults and errors similar to other arithmetic circuits. In addition, multiple error occurrence is possible in current digital systems especially in space applications which motivates to reach multiple error detection/correction in addition to single errors. In this paper, digit-by-digit BCD multipliers are introduced capable of multiple error detection with low delay overheads. To show the effectiveness of the proposed combined method, a 4-digit BCD multiplier is presented. Experimental results based on analysis and error injection-based simulations show that in addition to 100% single error detection, multiple errors can be detected with at least 99.6% probability in the 4-digit BCD multiplier as the implemented architecture.

Profil Berpikir Kreatif Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Matematika Ditinjau dari Jenis Kelamin

The purpose of this research is to describe the profile of students' creative thinking in solving math problems in terms of gender. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive research. The subjects in this study were one male student and one female student. The two subjects had high and equal mathematical abilities. The research results obtained in this study were (1) The creative thinking profile of male students in solving math problems, namely at the (read and explore) stage of understanding the problem, the male subject found important elements in the problem including elements that were known and asked . After knowing what was asked in the question, the subject also knew and explained verbally every element of the information that was known and what was asked had a relationship. At the (select a strategy) stage of choosing a solution strategy, the male subject knows the various ideas used in solving TPM and can explain well the reasons for using these ideas so that this fulfills the flexibility indicator. At the (solve the problem) stage of carrying out problem solving, the male subject put forward various strategies used in solving the problem, namely by combining the rules of subtraction with multiplication of integers and using a number line. After knowing the ideas and strategies used, the subject implements these ideas and strategies in solving TPM problems so that this shows that the subject meets the indicators of fluency and novelty. At the (review and extend) stage of checking the answers again, the male subject verbally said that the solution to the problem was correct by checking the answers. The strategy used in checking answers with the rules of integer arithmetic operations is to see the results of changes in the temperature of each city and to make a number line so that in this case it meets the indicators of flexibility (flexibility) and fluency (fluency).

Development of the Integer Operations E-Module I-Spiringsuite in Junior High Schools in Makassar City, South Sulawesi

his type of research is research and development which aims to describe the development process of the integer arithmetic operations e-module, describe the quality of the e-module based on the level of validity, practicality and effectiveness, and show the specifications of the integer arithmetic operations e-module. The e-module development process refers to the ADDIE model which includes 5 stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation , and evaluation . The product trial respondents were students in class VII 2 MTs Makassar City with a total of 20 students. The research results show that the validator's assessment of the e-module and research instruments received an average score of 4.18 with valid criteria. The results of the questionnaire data analysis of teacher responses to the e-module obtained an average score of 1.89 with the criteria being fully implemented and the learning implementation observation sheet showed a score percentage of 91.7% so that the e-module was declared practical. The results of the analysis of student response questionnaire data showed very good criteria with a percentage of 95.6%, student activity sheets obtained a percentage of 91.8% with very positive criteria, and the learning achievement test reached 90%, so that the integer counting operation e-module declared effective. Referring to the analysis results obtained, it can be concluded that the integer calculation operations e-module can be used in learning activities.

Eksplorasi Etnomatematika Pada Permainan Tradisional Kelereng Di Kelurahan Bahagia, Babelan, Bekasi

Abstract : This study aims to identify and describe ethnomathematics in the traditional game of marbles in the Happy Village, Babelan District, Bekasi Regency, West Java. The research method used is ethnomathematics with the object of research being the traditional game of marbles. The data sources in this study consisted of: the research object, namely marbles games, sources, namely 3 elders, and related documents discussing marbles games. Data collection techniques are carried out through: observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the research results obtained and data analysis, it is concluded that there are mathematical concepts in the game of marbles, namely: the concept of geometric shapes in the shape of marbles, the concept of flat geometry and trigonometry in the shape of the game area of ​​marbles, and the concept of opportunity and integer arithmetic operations in the implementation marble game.. Keywords: Ethnomatematics, Traditional Games, Marbles, Babelan Village.

Pengembangan Permainan Kartu Uno pada Pembelajaran Matematika Materi Bilangan Bulat Positif

Mathematics is a very important subject given to students from elementary to tertiary education levels. The goal is to understand how important mathematics is, because studying mathematics can solve problems in everyday life, because mathematics is very close to everyday life. However, learning cannot be forced, lessons with nuances of play are accepted in a fun way, have an entertaining and exhilarating nature. So, this research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the UNO card game in learning mathematics on integers for class VII SMP Muhammadiyah Pangkalpinang. The research and development model used in this study is the ADDIE development model. The subjects in this study were 28 students of class VII SMP Muhammadiyah Pangkalpinang, consisting of 6 small group students and 22 large group students. Data collection techniques were carried out by interviews and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is qualitative descriptive and quantitative descriptive. The UNO card has the characteristics of being developed according to the learning objectives. Students are able to determine the results of integer arithmetic operations and Students are able to understand problems related to integer arithmetic operations, using integer material.

Pembelajaran pemahaman konsep bilangan bulat pada kelas III Sekolah Dasar dengan menggunakan alat peraga kancing

This study aims to determine the scenario and implementation, teacher and student responses, the difficulties of teachers and students in implementing integer learning using button props. The research subjects were teachers and students of class III SD Cerdas Muthahhari, totaling 20 students. The form of this research is descriptive qualitative research. The research procedure includes the stages: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The research process at the implementation stage includes the implementation of a pre-test to measure the understanding of mathematical concepts before being treated, the treatment stage is to carry out learning using button props, the next stage is an evaluation by carrying out a post-test to see the understanding of mathematical concepts after being treated. The results showed that there was a better understanding of concepts and student activeness in the learning process. This proves that learning integer arithmetic operations using buttons improves students' understanding of mathematical concepts.

METHODS FOR TABULAR IMPLEMENTATION OF ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS OF THE RESIDUES OF TWO NUMBERS REPRESENTED IN THE SYSTEM OF RESIDUAL CLASSES

Context. Implementation of modular arithmetic operations of addition, subtraction and multiplication by a tabular method based on the use of the tabular multiplication code. The object of the study is the process of tabular implementation of basic arithmetic operations on the residues of numbers represented in the system of residual classes.
 Objective. The goal of the work is to develop methods for the tabular implementation of the arithmetic operations of multiplication, addition and subtraction of the residues of two numbers based on the use of the tabular multiplication code.
 Method. Tabular methods for implementing integer arithmetic modular operations of addition, subtraction and multiplication are proposed for consideration. In order to reduce the amount of equipment for a tabular operating unit of computer systems that implements modular operations of addition, subtraction and multiplication by reducing the coincidence circuits AND in the nodes of the tables for implementing arithmetic operations based on the code of table multiplication, two methods for performing arithmetic modular operations of addition and subtraction have been developed. These methods are based on the code of tabular multiplication, the use of which will reduce the amount of equipment of the tabular operating unit. Thus, despite the difference in the digital structure of the tables of modular operations of addition, subtraction and multiplication based on the use of the tabular multiplication code, two new tabular methods for implementing arithmetic modular operations of addition and subtraction have been created. Based on them, algorithms for tabular execution of modular arithmetic operations of addition and subtraction have been developed. Using these algorithms, it is possible to synthesize a structurally simple, highly reliable and fast table operating unit that operates in a system of residual classes, which is based on three separate permanent storage devices (read-only memory), each of which implements only one fourth of the corresponding complete table of values of the modular operation, what is earlier in the theory tabular arithmetic was supposed to be impossible.
 Results. The developed methods are justified theoretically and studied when performing arithmetic modular operations of addition, subtraction and multiplication using tabular procedures.
 Conclusions. The conducted examples of the implementation of integer arithmetic modular operations of addition and subtraction can be considered as presented experiments. The results obtained make it possible to recommend them for use in practice in the design of computer systems operating in a non-positional number system in residual classes. Prospects for further research may be to create a tabular method for implementing integer arithmetic modular division operations based on the use of the tabular multiplication code.

Enabling In-Network Floating-Point Arithmetic for Efficient Computation Offloading

Programmable switches are recently used for accelerating data-intensive distributed applications. Some computational tasks, traditionally performed on servers in data centers, are offloaded into the network on programmable switches. These tasks may require the support of on-the-fly floating-point operations. Unfortunately, programmable switches are restricted to simple integer arithmetic operations. Existing systems circumvent this restriction by converting floats to integers or relying on local CPUs of switches, incurring extra processing delayed and accuracy loss. To address this gap, we propose NetFC, a table-lookup method to achieve on-the-fly in-network floating-point arithmetic operations nearly without accuracy loss. Specifically, NetFC utilizes logarithm projection and transformation to convert the original huge table enumerating all operands and results into several much smaller tables that can fit into the data plane of programmable switches. To cope with the table inflation problem on 32-bit floats, we also propose an approximation method that further breaks the large tables into smaller ones. In addition, NetFC leverages two optimizations to improve accuracy and reduce on-chip memory consumption. We use both synthetic and real-life datasets to evaluate NetFC. The experimental results show that the average accuracy of NetFC is above 99.9% with only 448KB memory consumption for 16-bit floats and 99.1% with 496KB memory consumption for 32-bit floats. Furthermore, we integrate NetFC into two distributed applications and two in-network telemetry systems to show its effectiveness in further improving the performance.

DEVELOPMENT OF EVALUATION TOOLS USING QUIZIZZ APPLICATION IN MATHEMATICS

Internet technology is indispensable today for the distance learning process. In order for the material to be delivered even though it is distance learning, the teacher must be creative in this regard. Fourth grade teachers at SDN Jatirangga 3 Bekasi use an easy-to-use application to track students during the learning process. Besides being able to help teachers, students are also more enthusiastic when learning through the applications used. The purpose of this study is to develop an evaluation tool using the Quizizz application. research methods used to produce a particular product, and test the effectiveness of that product. The development of an evaluation tool in the form of an online test using the Quizizz application in the Mathematics subject arithmetic operations with integers gets a percentage of 80% in the appropriate category and media experts get a percentage of 85% in the very feasible category. Evaluation validation obtained 6 invalid questions and 14 valid questions, reliability obtained 0.801, Student assessment responses to the evaluation tool using the quizizz application get a very interesting percentage of information of 84.67%. The final product in this research and development is 14 questions to develop an evaluation tool in the form of an online test using the Quizizz application in Mathematics, integer arithmetic operations for grade IV elementary school.

The Development Of Two Room Board Media With Ilustrated Story Boards Based On Realistic Mathematics On Integers Through Blended Learning Strategies

Blended learning as a combination of synchronous and asynchronous learning is a limited face-to-face learning solution in the current pandemic era. For this reason, the authors develop two-space boards interactive media to facilitate students learning integers material with realistic math-based illustrated story books. The development uses a 4D model from Tiagarajan (1974) which consists of four steps: define, design, develop, and disseminate. Through a blended learning strategy that provides opportunities for students to interact with a two-room board media combined with realistic math-based illustrated story books about the application of integers, it is hoped that students will be able to understand the concept of integers better. This teaching aid was tested on sixth grade students of SDN Jenang 02 Academic on 2021/2022. The result is that the use of a two-room board combined with a picture story book about the application of integer arithmetic operations in everyday life can improve understanding of the concept of counting integers, and the integration of its use with question cards can improve students' skills in arithmetic operations of addition and subtraction of integers.