Intangible Cultural Values Research Articles

Current Status of Conservation and Exploitation of Unique Values of Typical Folk Art Forms in Tourism Development in Ethnic Minorities in Ha Giang Province, Vietnam

Ha Giang is a province in the northeastern region of Vietnam, adjacent to the border with China. The 21 ethnic groups living alternately created Ha Giang with a vibrant and diverse cultural picture. Implementing the strategy of taking traditional culture as a driving force for tourism development and promoting tourism to preserve culture, over the past time, Ha Giang province has been quite successful in bringing tangible and intangible cultural values to the world, in which there are types of folk art and literature into the model of community-based tourism to serve tourists. This article presents the current status of exploitation, conservation, and unique values of folk art and literature on ethnic minorities in the socio-economic development of Ha Giang province. This article also evaluates the achievements and limitations of several policies that have been implemented in the past. Hence, the solutions proposed to develop policies to exploit and preserve the values of natural resources include folk art and literature of the ethnic minorities in Ha Giang Province appropriately and effectively, contributing to the province's socio-economic development in the current context.

<i>Romeo and Juliet</i> by S. Prokofiev and l. Lavrovsky as a Sample of Choreodrama on the Stage of the G.Ts. Tsydynzhapov Buryat State Academic Opera and Ballet Theater

One of the leading directions of the Soviet ballet was the choreodrama, also called drama ballet. Its specifics and peculiarity consisted in the reflection of socialist realism by means of dramatic pantomime and truthfulness of everyday life. The article is devoted to the famous specimen of the choreodrama S. Prokofievs Romeo and Juliet ballet staged in 1940 by choreographer L. Lavrovsky. In 2022, the performance was transferred to the ballet stage of Buryatia, becoming an example of the preservation of intangible cultural value in the field of theatrical and ballet art.

Dealing with risks associated with tsunamis using indigenous knowledge approaches

In areas often decimated by natural disasters, indigenous peoples have developed specific knowledge through generations of stories based on their past experiences. This indigenous knowledge has enabled them to reduce the risk associated with natural phenomena, including tsunamis, disasters with highly destructive potential that occurrence is complicated to predict. At the beginning of the 21st century alone, tsunamis claimed hundreds of thousands of lives and caused enormous material damage, but many indigenous communities survived them with minimal human casualties. This study aims to identify, describe and analyze the indigenous knowledge that indigenous peoples use to reduce the risks resulting from the possible effects of tsunamis and earthquakes and reduce their negative impacts. This area is mapped in detail based on the available relevant literature and its analysis. Here, individual findings are linked to specific localities threatened by tsunamis or earthquakes, which are primarily situated in the Ring of Fire. The search results revealed various forms of indigenous knowledge ranging from intangible cultural values and stories to tangible stones or musical instruments. There is an intention to generalize the view of traditional knowledge, especially by analyzing the similarities and dependencies found between the identified knowledge. Some examples of failure to use indigenous knowledge, or ignorance of it on the part of municipalities, are also presented. Acquired results demonstrate that procedures and methods based on indigenous knowledge serve as effective tools in risk management when dealing with the danger of tsunamis or earthquakes and reducing their negative impacts.

Features of access to intangible cultural values during the COVID-19 pandemic: organizational and legal aspects

Features of access to intangible cultural values during the COVID-19 pandemic: organizational and legal aspects

Resilience of Traditional Ritual Practices in Bhutanese Mountain Farming Systems Amid Climate Change and Anthropogenic Activities

Indigenous mountain people are often marginalized from mainstream development and are not able to express their concerns over the impacts of ecosystem changes on their livelihoods. Living in geographically difficult terrains, they engage in traditional ritual practices concerning their livelihoods that build on generations of deep-rooted beliefs. Yet, the availability of literature on traditional rituals practiced in the context of farming systems is scant. We conducted an exploratory study, through structured survey questionnaires, to document the traditional ritual practices observed in farming across the country of Bhutan. The study revealed the continuing practice of diverse and unique traditional rituals being propitiated to local deities for the welfare and wellbeing of individuals and communities across all ethnic groups in Bhutan. This study documented various tangible and intangible cultural values adopted in farming practices in Bhutan that are at risk of disappearing due to anthropogenic pressures.

Wiki Loves Monuments: Crowdsourcing the Collective Image of the Worldwide Built Heritage

The wide adoption of digital technologies in the cultural heritage sector has promoted the emergence of new, distributed ways of working, communicating, and investigating cultural products and services. In particular, collaborative online platforms and crowdsourcing mechanisms have been widely adopted in the effort to solicit input from the community and promote engagement. In this work, we provide an extensive analysis of the Wiki Loves Monuments initiative, an annual, international photography contest in which volunteers are invited to take pictures of the built cultural heritage and upload them to Wikimedia Commons. We explore the geographical, temporal, and topical dimensions across the 2010–2021 editions. We first adopt a set of CNN-based artificial systems that allow the learning of deep scene features for various scene recognition tasks, exploring cross-country (dis)similarities. To overcome the rigidity of the framework based on scene descriptors, we train a deep convolutional neural network model to label a photo with its country of origin. The resulting model captures the best representation of a heritage site uploaded in a country, and it allows the domain experts to explore the complexity of cross-national architectural styles. Finally, as a validation step, we explore the link between architectural heritage and intangible cultural values, operationalized using the framework developed within the World Value Survey research program. We observe that cross-country cultural similarities match to a fair extent the interrelations emerging in the architectural domain. We think this study contributes to highlighting the richness and the potential of the Wikimedia data and tools ecosystem to act as a scientific object for art historians, iconologists, and archaeologists.

Musical poetics in instrumental music: China’s intangible cultural heritage in the information age

Enjoying the benefits presented by the information age can enhance the effectiveness of learning musical poetics in instrumental music, which constitutes intangible cultural heritage. This paper addresses the effectiveness of the academic program in instrumental music poetics (which was uploaded on YouTube) in order to specify cultural heritage popularization options. The survey was conducted among 200 students from two music schools in China. The results of group B demonstrated the effectiveness of video tutorials uploaded on YouTube in learning musical poetics in Chinese instrumental music. The difference between the groups was especially noticeable when evaluating the “theoretical knowledge” and “final exam” criteria. After Group B’s semiannual exposure, a survey addressing the understanding of the musical poetics’ intangible cultural value revealed a large-scale difference in the results compared to the data obtained in January (p-values of 0.034 for questions about cultural value and 0.001 for questions about online promotion), while no statistically significant improvement was observed for group A. Group B saw an intense increase in the understanding of responsibility for preserving the country’s intangible cultural values (+ 26.8%) and confidence in the knowledge of traditional Chinese tools (+ 25.1%) on the Agree scale. This study has practical value and is important for further research because it demonstrates the effectiveness of innovative technology for studying musical poetics and the popularization of intangible cultural values. Research findings may be used by educational institutions, in academic programs and research.

Ways to Preserve the Traditional Art of Jianzhi from Jinzhou in Modern China

This article discusses the methods of preserving jianzhi art from Jinzhou. Among the ways to ensure this activity, traditional inheritance, museum business, school education, the use of modern technologies, the program of "productive conservation", as well as the organization of education were highlighted. The expansion of preservation work will not only popularize the art of jianzhi, attract more people to its study and preservation, but most importantly, preserve those intangible cultural values of the people that reflect not only its traditions, customs, culture, way of life, but also its uniqueness and identity. The author concludes that it is possible to preserve traditional art through the use of the methods described by him. He points out the need to develop the jianzhi craft, as it embodies the unique characteristics of the Jinzhou people, their culture, traditions and identity. At the same time, to include paper cutting art in Jinzhou in people's lives, it is necessary to count not only on the help and support of the government, but also on the love and recognition of the people. With the help of public forces and the media so that jianzhi art and the traditional culture it carries can continue to exist and develop.

Mitigating Harmful Effects of Climate Warming on Ceiling Paintings by Ceiling Insulation: An Evaluation Using Timed IR Imaging and Numeric Modelling

Due to climate change, ceiling paintings in many historic buildings are subjected to increasingly high short-term temperature change, resulting in high thermal tension caused by the construction assembly. This article focuses on the combined use of timed IR imaging and numeric modelling to evaluate insulation measures on the upper side of a ceiling to reduce thermal tensions in the painting layers, overheating in summer as well as cooling down in winter. As a model room, the southern splendour stair hall in the Burgtheater Vienna was chosen. Famous ceiling paintings created from 1886 to 1888 by Gustav Klimt and his brother Ernst Klimt can be found on this ceiling. The results show that timed IR imaging is an adequate tool to study the transient thermal behaviour of ceiling paintings which are not accessible to standard sensor measurements. Moreover, it could be shown that the presented measurement technique is well suited to validate a numeric model. The latter was applied to evaluate the potential insulation on the top of the ceiling. It was shown that cooling loads and energy loss in the room underneath can be reduced and most importantly the thermal stress in painting layers is reduced. The findings are relevant as, due to global warming, the current situation in many buildings is worsening. Considering the great intangible cultural value of many ceiling paintings, the application of the presented evaluation strategy for building physical boundaries on a ceiling with paintings seems to be appropriate.

THE INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE OF PEOPLE LIVING IN THUA THIEN HUE COASTAL ZONE WITH SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

The community of people living in the coastal zone of Thua Thien Hue with a system of intangible cultural forms, such as customs, beliefs, taboos, rituals, festivals, etc. has been formed and summarized by many generations of ancestors that have been handed down until now. These intangible cultural values ​​are increasingly being affirmed in the trend of sustainable development of coastal areas in Thua Thien Hue province in particular and coastal areas in general. Exploiting the values ​​of intangible cultural heritage of coastal residents in Thua Thien Hue in order to develop in a sustainable way is to realize the Party's strategic vision towards the sea.

Cognitive Environment at “Bansko Cultural Heritage Promotion Center”

The present research is based on “Methodics for Preservation and Promotion of the Cultural Heritage with Artistic Interactions and Educational Impacts through Information and Communication Technologies (Nenov 2019), and the application of “the possibilities to promote cultural heritage with artistic interactions and educational impacts through the application of modern information and communication technologies (ICT), applying an interdisciplinary analysis of the scientific information for the cultural heritage sites” (Nenov 2019). Analysis of the activities for preservation and promotion of the cultural heritage has been made in the context of the concept, prepared by author team headed by architect Nenov – “Concept for activities for revitalization of the tourist attractions for promotion of intangible cultural heritage sites, under category “national” significance in the town of Bansko. (Nenov 2019a). The concept explores the impact of the environment in the “House of Arts Bansko” and the prerequisites for its reconstruction in “Cultural Heritage Promotion Center”. The applicability of notions, such as “cognition”, “cognitive architecture”, “interpretation of the cultural heritage”, “media façade”, educational “STEM” method and “authentic artistic interactions”, related to the research, is being analyzed as new approach for preservation and promotion of the cultural heritage. The significance of the interpretation of the cultural heritage in the context of ICT capabilities for the promotion of tangible and intangible cultural values is substantiated. Present examples for application of the Augmented reality (AR) are examined. The study presents the “possibilities for interpretation of the cultural heritage through visual research with information and communication technologies (ICT) in a real “in situ” and museum environment in the context of the cultural heritage sites and using the cited methodics, which was introduced in the dissertation “Conservation of the cultural heritage of Bulgaria in the context of the synthesis of architecture and fine arts “(Nenov 2016–2019). The possibilities for building cognitive environment are explored in the context of introduction of new technologies and good practices for popularization of the cultural heritage.

선암사 새벽예불의 음악적 특징과 무형문화적 가치

한국의 새벽예불은 대부분 칠정례로 보편화되어 있어서 전통예불은 거의 사라져가는 추세이다. 반면 선암사는 향수해례와 사성례로 이루어진 전통예불을 지속적으로 전승하 고 있어 주목된다. 고찰이자 산지승원인 선암사의 새벽예불은 도량석, 조왕단 예경, 각전 예불, 응향각에서의 종송, 범종루에서 법고·운판·목어·범종의 사물타주, 소종 타주, 대 웅전에서의 향수해례와 사성례, 선원장에 의한 행선축원, 신중단 예경, 그리고 만세루에 서 태징과 북 반주로 이루어지는 송주 등 전통 사찰이 지닌 배치 공간을 예불의식에 최대한으로 활용하여 음향적으로 매우 입체적이면서도 의례의 전통성을 보유하고 있다. 매일 새벽 3시에서 4시 50분까지 약 1시간 50분간 선암사의 새벽예불은 의례 순서 에 따라 장소·연주악기·연주방식 등이 계속 바뀌지만, 마치 한 장소에서 의식이 이루어지듯 단 1초의 쉼이 없이 하나의 악곡으로 연결되어 있다. 이처럼 장소가 바뀌어도 긴 교향곡처럼 연주가 이어지는 이유는 모든 연주의 시작과 끝에 반드시 5망치(♪♩ +♩. + ♩. + ♩. + ♩. + ♪♩ + ♩.)를 사용하기 때문이다. 5망치는 선암사 새벽예불에서 매우 중요한 특징 리듬이자 지휘 역할을 하는 신호이다. 뿐만 아니라 선암사 새벽예불은 메나리토리가 근간을 이루고 있으면서도 몇 몇 악곡에서는 육자배기토리가 등장하는 등 전라도 지역만의 음악적 특성도 드러난다. 한국의 새벽예불은 조계총림에서 지속적으로 음반을 제작해왔지만, 제작한 음반 모두 가 칠정례로만 이루어졌을 정도로 전통예불의 존재와 관심은 매우 미약했다. 반면 선암 사는 전통사찰이자 산지승원의 유형적 요소를 새벽예불에 최대한 활용할 뿐 아니라, 전 통예불의 무형적 가치를 지닌 새벽예불의 전통을 지속적으로 유지해오고 있다. 선암사 새벽예불의 음반화가 이루어져야 하는 이유이다. 선암사 전통예불의 음반화는 그간 칠정 례만을 예불로 인식하고 있는 불교인들에게 전통예불의 존재와 가치를 알릴 수 있는 기회를 제공할 것이며, 이를 통해 사라져가는 전통예불을 전승·보존하고자 노력해 온 태고종단의 정체성 확립에도 큰 역할을 할 것으로 여겨진다.

Ponovno razmatranje grčkih svetionika - nova perspektiva u kulturnom turizmu

Greece owns one of the most extensive and best organized coastal and open sea lighting systems across the world. Some of the most breathtaking and historic lighthouses and beacons of the Hellenic Lighthouse Network have been characterized as "Monuments of Modern Cultural Heritage" and are available to visitors under certain circumstances. Greek lighthouses are austere albeit multi symbolic structures that enchant people seeking refined and reclusive experiences beyond the mass tourism spectrum. This paper aims at succinctly presenting the history of Greek lighthouses and examining the perspective of their valorization in cultural tourism, taking into account their legal framework, ownership status and inherent worthiness. Lighthouses represent tangible and intangible cultural values, which deserve to be rediscovered and communicated in ways that ensure sustainability and protection for lighthouse buildings and surrounding areas.

The role of open museums outdoors in the revival of intangible cultural heritage

Urban environments suffer from weak investment of intangible cultural values in stimulating urban environments and public places that are popular with people, thus exposing them to forgetting and weakening the urban memory of the local community. Most countries that have historical roots of those values that can be invested in urban tourism support and maintain.The idea of reviving the values of non-material through the creation of museums Anthropological (Open) Museums, That gives way to display that heritage to ensure community participation, cultural diversity and support for urban development. The levels of cultural expression have multiplied in museums, but they have emerged clearly in aspects including economic, cultural, urban memory, cultural planning, in addition to the aesthetic and symbolic aspects).The research dealt with those levels that were extracted from previous literature and international examples related to the revival of intangible cultural values in open museums. The research found that museums have achieved an important role in the process of cultural revival of intangible values and make them visible to society at several levels, relying on the revival of stories, myths, customs, and social traditions that took place through the participation of the local community in working in these museums most of the time and turning those museums into points of attraction A mission that contributed to increasing social and cultural interaction, reviving economic and civilizational aspects, and providing job opportunities for the local community. I also contributed to increasing awareness and interest in these non-material values.

Capturing the City’s Heritage On-the-Go: Design Requirements for Mobile Crowdsourced Cultural Heritage

Intangible Cultural Heritage is at a continuous risk of extinction. Where historical artefacts engine the machinery of intercontinental mass-tourism, socio-technical changes are reshaping the anthropomorphic landscapes everywhere on the globe, at an unprecedented rate. There is an increasing urge to tap into the hidden semantics and the anecdotes surrounding people, memories and places. The vast cultural knowledge made of testimony, oral history and traditions constitutes a rich cultural ontology tying together human beings, times, and situations. Altogether, these complex, multidimensional features make the task of data-mapping of intangible cultural heritage a problem of sustainability and preservation. This paper addresses a suggested route for conceiving, designing and appraising a digital framework intended to support the conservation of the intangible experience, from a user and a collective-centred perspective. The framework is designed to help capture the intangible cultural value of all places exhibiting cultural-historical significance, supported by an extensive analysis of the literature. We present a set of design recommendations for designing mobile apps that are intended to converge crowdsourcing to Intangible Cultural Heritage.

Looking after bulurru: Protecting the scientific and cultural values of an Aboriginal rock art complex in northern Queensland

ABSTRACTFor the Bulwandji Traditional Owners of Cape York Peninsula, Bunda Bibanji (also known as “Bare Hill”) is part of bulurru – the Storytime, or the time of creation (Bottoms 1999: 1). Bunda Bibanji is the place where the culture hero, Kunandooran, turned into rock after his death by fire; it forms part of a complex cultural landscape. Bunda Bibanji also contains the largest rock art complex in the Cairns hinterland and has significant research potential for both rock art studies and understanding the occupation history of the region. Until recently, management of the site complex has focused on visitor management and its tangible scientific values, rather than its social and intangible cultural values. However, a major shift in management in recent years has aimed to enhance the Aboriginal social values of the place, potentially placing its scientific values at risk. This paper explores the tensions between managing scientific and cultural values at the Bunda Bibanji complex from both archaeological and Traditional Owner perspectives.

Sustainable Competitive Advantage of SMEs through Resource and Institutional-Based Management: An Empirical Study of Batik SMEs in Central Java, Indonesia

Purpose – The aim of this study is to find out and to analyze the capacity for developing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) of batik in Central Java, Indonesia. Batik is a traditional hand-crafted dye-resist textile, rich in intangible cultural values that has been passed down for generations. Batik refers to either a technique of wax-resist dyeing applied to whole cloth or cloth made using this technique originating from Indonesia. Design/Methodology/Approach – The primary data was collected by interview method with one hundred respondents who are batik entrepreneurs in Central Java, Indonesia. The data collection was carried out using the focus group discussion (FGD) method. Secondary data was used to enrich the analysis. A quantitative model was examined through empirical analysis to fulfill the proposed aim of the research. Findings and implications – The result of this research shows that business scale, market access capacity, and financial capacity all influence the competitiveness level of batik SMEs. Furthermore, cooperatives can strengthen the influences of market capacity and financial capacity on the competitiveness of SMEs although they are not effective in strengthening the technological and innovative capacities of SMEs. This study shows that SMEs in the form of batik industries can become a high-earning industry with high performance if they have the ability to compete. Limitations – This research is limited in scope with regard to its approach to resources. The institutional study is only viewed from the angle of cooperatives, which are one of various forms of non-market management. Originality – The novelty of this research lies in the discovery of the role of cooperatives in supporting the competitiveness of SMEs.

Remembering trees as heritage: Guji discourse and the meaning-making of trees in Hangzhou, Qing China

ABSTRACTThis article explores local-historical ways of remembering trees, physically traceable or not, in the Chinese discourse of guji (古迹, ancient vestige), focusing on the city of Hangzhou during the Qing Dynasty (1636–1911). By analysing guji documentation of trees in five local gazetteers of the focal region and timeframe, I foreground a fourfold apparatus of meaning-making that effectuates the transformation of trees from natural existence to culturally significant heritage. That is, to frame and transmit trees as (1) rare or most beautiful jing (景landscape), (2) site of poetics, (3) site of memory, and (4) place name. These intersecting, subaltern ways of meaning-making and remembering help us further critique the culture-nature dualism rooted in Western Cartesian epistemology, which still prevails in contemporary heritage research and practice in China and the wider world. It also allows us to see the culturalisation of nature within the framework of an alternative discourse of heritage from China. This nature-to-culture transformation, I argue, is not just adding ‘intangible cultural values in natural heritage’ or making ‘intangible natural heritage’; it is constructing natural existence as what is analogous to cultural or cultural landscape heritage.

Интерпретация на културното наследство чрез визуални изследвания в реална, „ин ситу“ и музейна среда

The interpretation of the cultural heritage is presented in the context of the possibilities of ICT for the promotion of tangible and intangible cultural heritage. Examples for the use of Augmented reality (AR) for the presentation of European cultural heritage are explored. There were presented opportunities for interpretation of the cultural heritage through visual research with information and communication technologies (ICT) in real “in situ” and museum environment by examples from Bulgaria for the use of the “Method of interaction of the arts in interpreting and presenting the cultural heritage through Information and Communication Technologies “and in particular with the use of augmented reality, introduced with the dissertation work “Protecting Bulgaria’s cultural heritage in the context of the synthesis of architecture and Fine Arts” (Nenov 2016). The possibilities of the method are discribed in the projects for “Revitalization of Ancient and Medieval fortress Hotalich Sevlievo” and a project for virtual presentation of the archaeological sites of the cultural heritage with category “national significance” – “Ancient and Medieval Fortress in the Horizon neighbourhood” and “Temple of Kibela Balchik” – an interactive and children’s museum in open and indoor, created by a team with head arch. Ivelin Nenov. These sites have created an environment for interpretation and presentation of the cultural heritage through visual interactions in a real “in situ” and museum environment. The specific methodology used by the team to investigate the examined objects could serve as a basis for a new approach for documention, exhibition, preservаtion and socializiation of ruinous cultural heritage. The Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) that have been used are presented as an extremely flexible tool for the promotion of tangible and intangible cultural values among a wide range of target groups of local and foreign socio-cultural communities.

An Example of the Copper Production Area in Anatolia: Coppersmith in Erzincan (Turkey) and Importance of the Production Branch as the Cultural Heritage Value

Tangible and intangible cultural values of a society continuing from the past to the present are expressed by the term of cultural heritage. Traditional crafts are the important pillar of the intangible cultural heritage. Actually, the aforementioned arts are extremely important in terms of reflecting the culture of the society and being an instrument in transferring of this culture to the future generations. Coppersmith art, which has a long history in the culture of Anatolia, will be eligible to be addressed in this context. Erzincan copper production and hand embroidery is distinguished from the other coppersmith centers in Anatolia with unique processing technique. Besides, that it gradually lost its importance in a changing world and faced with the threat of extinction have led us to undertake such a study. In the study in which qualitative research methods were used a two-stage process were followed. In the first stage, the previous studies about the subject that are both general and regional were scanned, so it was attempted to establish theoretical infrastructure of the research. The second stage that provides accessing to the data from the first-hand about the coppersmith in the region is based on observations and interviews performed in the workshops and retail stores in the field. By analyzing and synthesizing all these data in the light of the principles of geographical ideas, the present article work was put forward. In the study, the problems in some areas from the problems of apprentice and master supply until the failure in the promotion and marketing area were discussed and it was made various resolutions to them. Making a functional cooperative in the sector, the provision of state support in certain areas and the evaluation of copper production that is a significant traditional handicraft and hand embroidery as cultural heritage and being addressed of them within cultural tourism or heritage tourism can be listed among them. Thus, important steps will be taken in terms of the survival and revival of the mentioned cultural heritage.